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CFM : September 16–22 3 Nephi 1–7  Videos, Podcasts, & Weekly Lesson Material Media ​Lesson Extension Scripture Central 3 Nephi 1-7 Scripture Study Insights Insights with Taylor and Tyler: Revisited 3 Nephi 1-7. Scripture Insights Come, Follow Me with John Hilton III (3 Nephi 1-6) Study Guide Follow Him 3 Nephi 1-7 3 Nephi 1-7 Part 1 • Dr. Craig Manning  3 Nephi 1-7 Part 2 • Dr. Craig Manning Transcripts Line Upon Line 3 Nephi 1-7 ( not yet posted ) Teaching with Power 3 Nephi 1-7 ​ Teaching Bundle for Book of Mormon, available on Etsy. Don't Miss This 3 Nephi 1-7 Book of Mormon Matters with John W Welch and Lynne Hilton Wilson 3 Nephi 1-7 John W. Welch Notes ​Unshaken 3 Nephi 1-7 ​The Interpreter Foundation 3 Nephi 1-7 ​Commentary by John Claybaugh ​Scripture Gems 3 Nephi 1-7 ( not posted yet ) Book of Mormon Map Come Follow Up 3 Nephi 1-7 The Scriptures Are Real 3 Nephi 1-7 ( not posted yet) Prophets and the Coming of Christ Latter Day Kids 3 Nephi 1-7 Samuel the Lamanite Scripture Explorers 3 Nephi 1-7 Samuel the Lamanite Attack of the Gadianton Robbers Gospel for Kids 3 Nephi 1-7   Samuel the Prophet Love One Another When I Am Baptized 1 Hour! Growing Faith ​Talking Scripture 3 Nephi 1-7 Show Notes Book of Mormon Minute, Brant A. Gardner Volume 4: Helaman-Moroni 3 Nephi 1 3 Nephi 2 3 Nephi 3 3 Nephi 4 3 Nephi 5 3 Nephi 6 3 Nephi 7 Saving Talents: Devotionals & FHE for Children 3 Nephi 1-7 Grounded with Barbara Morgan 3 Nephi 1-7 Our Mothers Knew It 3 Nephi 1-7 ( Not posted yet ) Hurricane Utah Adult Religion Class , Book of Mormon Samuel Prophesied; The Gadianton Wars & Collapse of Nephite Society Video Notes Slides Resources and Insights for this Week's Lesson   The Book of Mormon: A Cultural and Religious Dialogue In this week's Come, Follow Me lesson, we explore significant themes in the Book of Mormon related to faith, unity, and spiritual preparation. As we study the Nephites' struggles with the Gadianton robbers in 3 Nephi, we see how their success in overcoming external threats was deeply tied to their spiritual preparedness, repentance, and reliance on righteous leadership. The Nephites' physical fortifications and strategic planning were essential, but their times of victory came because they built their foundation on faith in God. Likewise, their wickedness ultimately led to division and tribalism. The chapters all focus on the importance of building sturdy foundations that can withstand the storms that rage against us. As we reflect on the concept of building, both physically and spiritually, it's important to recognize that in Hebraic tradition, "building" carries profound symbolic meaning. In the scriptures, building is not limited to the construction of physical structures but extends to the nurturing of families, the development of understanding, and the restoration of both society and spiritual relationships. The Hebrew word "banah"—which means "to build"—is the root of many key terms in the Bible that speak to our divine role in creation, restoration, and growth. Understanding this deeper meaning of "building" enriches our comprehension of the spiritual work God invites us to undertake in our own lives. Let’s explore how the Hebraic concept of building can deepen our understanding of the principles we study in the Book of Mormon and our own efforts to strengthen our faith, families, and communities. In Hebraic tradition, the concept of "building" (Hebrew: banah , בָּנָה) is deeply rooted in both physical and spiritual contexts, and it extends to several important words and ideas in the Hebrew language and culture. The root banah  conveys not only the construction of physical structures but also the creation, establishment, and nurturing of family, society, and understanding. This foundational idea of building is reflected in various key Hebrew words, linking physical construction with spiritual growth, restoration, and intellectual insight. Key Words Related to Banah  (Building): Children (בנים, banim ) : The word banim , meaning "children" or "sons," comes from the same root banah , implying that children are the "building blocks" or continuation of a family and legacy. In Hebraic thought, children are seen as the extension of their parents' lives, representing the ongoing construction of future generations. The act of raising and teaching children is viewed as building up the next generation, both spiritually and morally. Understanding (בינה, binah ) : Binah , meaning "understanding" or "insight," also derives from the root banah . This concept reflects the idea that understanding is not simply the accumulation of knowledge, but rather the careful construction of wisdom. In Hebraic tradition, true understanding is built layer by layer, much like a structure, through contemplation, experience, and divine insight. To "build understanding" is to piece together knowledge in a way that leads to wisdom and discernment. House (בית, bayit ) : The word bayit , meaning "house" or "household," is a key expression in Hebraic tradition, symbolizing not only a physical dwelling but also the spiritual and communal home. The house represents the foundation of family and community, a place of growth, protection, and continuity. The construction of a bayit  is more than just erecting walls; it is the building of a stable environment where the values of Torah and tradition are passed down. Restoration (בנה מחדש, banah mechadesh ) : The idea of restoration or rebuilding is central to the Hebrew concept of repentance and renewal. The act of restoring what has been broken—whether it be relationships, society, or one's spiritual life—connects deeply with the idea of banah . In the context of biblical prophecy, the restoration of Israel and the rebuilding of the temple are seen as symbolic of spiritual renewal and covenant restoration with God. Building the Temple : In the Hebrew Bible, the construction of the temple (e.g., Solomon’s temple) is not only a literal building project but also a profound spiritual act. The temple was the center of worship, symbolizing God's presence among His people. The act of building the temple was therefore seen as both a physical and a spiritual endeavor, one that required holiness, dedication, and divine guidance. The Concept of Building in Spiritual Terms: In Hebraic tradition, the idea of building goes beyond physical structures—it applies to the building of communities, relationships, faith, and knowledge. To build in this context means to establish and strengthen what is good, true, and lasting. Building Faith and Covenant : Just as one builds a house with strong foundations, building faith involves establishing a firm foundation of trust in God. The covenant relationship between God and Israel is often described as something that is built and must be maintained through obedience and worship. Building Relationships : Family and community relationships are seen as structures that need to be continually built up through love, service, and mutual respect. This is especially seen in the relationship between parents and children, as the act of raising children is viewed as the construction of future generations. Building Wisdom and Understanding : As mentioned earlier, the word binah  ties into the idea that wisdom and understanding are not instantaneous but are built gradually. This reflects the Hebrew view that learning and spiritual growth are processes, not merely endpoints. Symbolism of Construction in Scripture: Throughout the Bible, metaphors of building and construction are used to describe spiritual growth, societal development, and divine action. For example: Proverbs 24:3-4 : "By wisdom a house is built, and through understanding it is established; through knowledge its rooms are filled with rare and beautiful treasures." This passage uses the metaphor of building a house to illustrate how wisdom, understanding, and knowledge create a stable, prosperous life. Isaiah 58:12 : "Your people will rebuild the ancient ruins and will raise up the age-old foundations; you will be called Repairer of Broken Walls, Restorer of Streets with Dwellings." Here, the prophet Isaiah links physical rebuilding with spiritual restoration, showing how returning to righteousness is like rebuilding the foundations of a ruined city. As we continue to prepare for the Second Coming of Jesus Christ, the Book of Mormon teaches us that these are the things we need to be focusing on, building ourselves, our families, and our communities, spiritually, intellectually, physically, and emotionally, just as the faithful Nephites did anciently in preparation for the Savior's Mortal Ministry. We need to continually fortify our defenses against corruption, pride, and greed, with humility, faith, and vigilant repentance, focusing on His promises with grateful hearts and charity for all. Additional Resources: Interpreter Radio: The Book of Mormon in Context Lesson 37 Nibley Book of Mormon Lectures: Come, Follow Me Lesson 37 Come, Follow Me  Study and Teaching Helps — Lesson 35: Helaman 13-16 Audio Roundtable: Come, Follow Me Book of Mormon Lesson 35 (Helaman 13-16) “According to the Spirit of Revelation and Prophecy”: Alma2’s Prophetic Warning of Christ’s Coming to the Lehites (and Others) “If Ye Believe on His Name”: Wordplay on the Name Samuel in Helaman 14:2, 12–13 and 3 Nephi 23:9 and the Doctrine of Christ in Samuel’s Speech Labor Diligently to Write: The Ancient Making of a Modern Scripture — Chapter15: Helaman Chapter V (13–16) Samuel the Lamanite, Christ, and Zenos: A Study of Intertextuality Scripture Roundtable: Book of Mormon Gospel Doctrine Lesson 35, “Repent and Return unto the Lord” Overview 3 Nephi 1 3 Nephi 1 describes the fulfillment of Samuel the Lamanite’s prophecies concerning the birth of Jesus Christ. As the prophesied time approaches, the Nephites face significant doubt and opposition from unbelievers, who threaten the believers with death if the signs are not fulfilled. In response to Nephi’s earnest prayer, the Lord promises that the signs will come. That night, the miraculous sign of a day and a night without darkness occurs, and a new star appears, confirming the prophecies. Despite this, some people harden their hearts, and the Gadianton robbers continue to threaten the land. This chapter testifies of the fulfillment of prophecy, the importance of believing the words of the prophets, and the need for repentance. It highlights the ongoing battle between good and evil, even in the face of miraculous signs, and sets the stage for the ministry of Christ among the Nephites, reminding readers that the light of Christ will shine even in times of doubt and darkness. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Fulfillment of Prophecy : The chapter highlights the fulfillment of Samuel the Lamanite’s prophecy about the signs of Christ’s birth, showing that God keeps His promises and that the words of the prophets are trustworthy. Temporality and Fulfillment in 3 Nephi 1 ’The Time is Past’: A Note on Samuel's Five-Year Prophecy The Savior’s Visit to America - President Benson Christ in America - President Eldon Tanner Faith vs. Doubt : A major theme is the contrast between those who believe in the signs of Christ’s coming and those who doubt or outright reject them. The signs compel many to believe, but others harden their hearts despite the clear evidence. "Doubt Your Doubt" - Come, Join with Us Divine Intervention : Nephi’s prayer and the Lord’s direct response demonstrate the power of sincere faith and the Lord’s willingness to intervene on behalf of His people. Opposition to Righteousness : Even as the miraculous signs confirm the birth of the Savior, the Gadianton robbers continue to rise in power, symbolizing the persistent opposition to righteousness and the need for continual faith and vigilance. Secret Covenant Teachings of Men and the Devil in Helaman Through 3 Nephi 8 The New Star : In many ancient cultures, new stars or celestial events were seen as omens of important events. The new star that appears in this chapter echoes the account in Matthew 2:1-2, where the Wise Men follow a star to find the newborn Jesus. A Day and a Night Without Darkness : This unique phenomenon would have been both awe-inspiring and unsettling to the people. In the ancient world, light was often associated with the divine, and a day without darkness could symbolize the coming of divine light into the world. Literary & Linguistic Observations Active Learning and the Savior's Nephite Ministry The Nephi We Tend to Forget Cultural Insights: Seeing Third Nephi as the Holy of Holies of the Book of Mormon Nephite Cycles: Years A.D. 1–34 The Nephite Judges Modern Application: The Coming of Christ to the Nephites: A Pattern for His Second Coming Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources 3 Nephi 1 Why Should 3 Nephi Be Read as the Book of the High Priest Nephi? Verses 1-9: The Nephites' Struggles and Nephi’s Prayer The Unbelieving Nephites Plan to Slay the Believers Verse 1 : Introduction to the situation of the Nephites as the 92nd year of the judges approaches, with the people awaiting the fulfillment of the prophecy of Christ's birth. Verse 2 : Many people doubt and begin to grow anxious because the time Samuel the Lamanite prophesied has nearly passed. Verse 3 : The unbelievers threaten to kill the believers if the sign does not appear by a certain day. Verse 4 : Great contention arises between the believers and unbelievers over the truth of the prophecy. Verse 5 : Nephi, the son of Nephi, who is the leader of the church, is deeply sorrowful because of the people's faithlessness. Verse 6 : Nephi pours out his soul in mighty prayer to the Lord on behalf of his people. Verse 7 : The Lord speaks to Nephi, assuring him that the sign of Christ's birth will be given that very night. Verse 8 : The Lord confirms that His words will be fulfilled and that His coming into the world is imminent. Verse 9 : Nephi rejoices and shares the glad tidings with the people, telling them to prepare for the sign. Prophecy-Driven Narratives Verses 10-21: The Sign of Christ’s Birth Nephi Prays and Signs of Christ’s Birth Appear Verse 10 : That night, the miraculous sign occurs—a day, a night, and a day without darkness, fulfilling the prophecy. Verse 11 : The people are astonished as there is no darkness, even though the sun has set. Verse 12 : Many fall to the ground in amazement and fear, recognizing that the prophecies of the Savior's birth are true. Verse 13 : A new star appears in the sky, further confirming the fulfillment of Samuel's prophecy. Verse 14 : The people begin to rejoice, praising God for the fulfillment of the signs and the coming of the Savior into the world. Verse 15 : The great and marvelous signs stir the hearts of many, leading them to believe in Christ. Verse 16 : However, some harden their hearts despite the undeniable signs. Verse 17 : The majority of people express wonder and gratitude, recognizing the hand of God. Verse 18 : The unbelievers are struck with fear, realizing that the believers were correct all along. Verse 19 : Some of the people who had not believed are converted because of the signs. Verse 20 : The words of the prophets are vindicated, and many hearts turn to the Lord. Verse 21 : Despite the overwhelming evidence, some continue to doubt and reject the signs. How Does the Book of Mormon Help Date the First Christmas? How was There a Night Without Darkness? Why Were Many Nephites So Quick to Disbelieve the Signs of Christ’s Coming? Verses 22-30: The Rise of the Gadianton Robbers Verse 22 : Even though many are converted, there remains great wickedness in the land, and the Gadianton robbers gain strength. Verse 23 : The robbers begin to infest the land, spreading fear and destruction among the people. Verse 24 : The Nephites struggle to maintain peace as the Gadianton robbers grow more powerful. Verse 25 : The robbers set themselves in opposition to the Nephites, and their numbers increase significantly. Verse 26 : The people become increasingly vulnerable to the attacks and raids of the robbers. Verse 27 : Despite the signs of Christ's birth, the robbers persist in their wickedness, threatening the peace of the land. Verse 28 : The Nephites and Lamanites unite in an effort to combat the growing threat of the Gadianton robbers. Verse 29 : The combination of external threats and internal wickedness causes great turmoil among the people. Verse 30 : Despite these challenges, the believers hold fast to their faith in Christ, while the wicked continue to reject Him. 3 Nephi 2 3 Nephi 1-2 recounts the fulfillment of Samuel the Lamanite’s prophecy concerning the signs of Christ’s birth and the subsequent spiritual challenges faced by the Nephites and Lamanites. In 3 Nephi 1, as the prophesied time approaches, unbelievers threaten the lives of those who believe in Christ's coming. Nephi, son of Nephi, prays earnestly, and in response, the Lord assures him that the sign of Christ’s birth—a day and a night without darkness—will be given. That night, the miraculous sign occurs, and a new star appears, leading many to believe. However, despite these clear signs, some harden their hearts, and wickedness begins to resurface. In 3 Nephi 2, despite the miraculous signs of Christ's birth, many people begin to forget and fall into unbelief, explaining away the miracles as natural occurrences. Wickedness and pride increase among both the Nephites and Lamanites, causing societal decay. Meanwhile, the Gadianton robbers become a growing threat, gaining power and spreading fear. Realizing the gravity of the situation, the Nephites and Lamanites unite to combat the robbers, making covenants with each other and turning to God in repentance. Although they face external threats, this unity and repentance become vital for their survival against the persistent forces of evil. These chapters illustrate the fulfillment of prophecy, the ongoing struggle between faith and unbelief, and the persistent nature of wickedness. Despite witnessing miraculous signs, many people fall back into sin, showing the importance of continual repentance and vigilance against pride and evil. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: The Decline into Unbelief : Despite witnessing miraculous signs, many Nephites and Lamanites fall into unbelief. This theme explores the fickle nature of human belief and the danger of allowing pride and sin to overshadow spiritual experiences. Why Were Many Nephites So Quick to Disbelieve the Signs of Christ’s Coming? The Persistence of Evil : The Gadianton robbers symbolize the persistence of evil in society. Despite the divine signs and the covenant efforts of the righteous, wickedness continues to rise. This emphasizes the need for continual vigilance and repentance. Unity and Covenant : The Nephites and Lamanites find common cause in their fight against the Gadianton robbers. Their unity reflects the principle that righteousness and survival depend on working together and making covenants to stand against evil. The Role of Repentance : As the Nephites and Lamanites recognize the need for divine assistance, they turn to repentance. This theme shows that even in times of great wickedness, repentance remains a powerful tool to seek God’s protection. The Dangers of Pride : Pride is a central issue in this chapter, as both Nephites and Lamanites fall into materialism and selfishness. Their pride makes them susceptible to the influence of the Gadianton robbers, showing how pride can lead to moral and spiritual decay. The Powerful, Virtuous Cycle of the Doctrine of Christ The Role of Gadianton Robbers : The Gadianton robbers represent organized crime and corruption, which were serious threats in ancient societies. Their ability to infiltrate and destabilize both Nephite and Lamanite societies illustrates the challenges of dealing with such pervasive evil. ’Swearing by Their Everlasting Maker’: Some Notes on Paanchi and Giddianhi Thieves and Robbers The Wilderness as a Symbol : The wilderness is often used in the Book of Mormon as a symbol of lawlessness and danger. The Gadianton robbers use the wilderness as their base of operations, emphasizing their separation from civilization and the societal order. Unbelief and Natural Explanations : The tendency of the people to explain away the signs of Christ’s birth as natural phenomena reflects a common cultural and spiritual challenge. It highlights how easy it is for people to rationalize away divine experiences when their hearts are hardened. Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources 3 Nephi 2 Verses 1-3: Unbelief Despite Signs Verse 1 : Even though the signs of Christ’s birth had been given, the people begin to forget them and fall into unbelief. Verse 2 : Many people try to explain the signs away, attributing them to natural causes and dismissing their divine significance. Verse 3 : Wickedness increases as the hearts of the people harden, leading them to disregard the prophecies and miracles they had witnessed. A Living Sacrifice  Elder Hales Verses 4-10: Increase in Wickedness and the Gadianton Threat Verse 4 : Both the Nephites and Lamanites begin to indulge in pride, wealth, and materialism, causing widespread wickedness. Verse 5 : The unity between the Nephites and Lamanites starts to deteriorate as sin and greed prevail. Verse 6 : The Gadianton robbers continue to gain strength, recruiting new members and spreading their influence throughout the land. Verse 7 : The robbers’ growing numbers and influence threaten the safety and stability of the Nephite and Lamanite societies. Verse 8 : The Gadianton robbers operate in the wilderness, preying upon the weaknesses of both Nephite and Lamanite cities. Verse 9 : Their power becomes so great that they cause widespread fear, and the Nephites and Lamanites realize they must unite to combat this growing menace. Verse 10 : Despite the internal wickedness among the people, the threat of the robbers forces the Nephites and Lamanites to unite in an effort to survive. Multiple Calendar Systems Verses 11-19: Nephite and Lamanite Unity Against the Robbers Verse 11 : The Nephites and Lamanites, realizing the magnitude of the Gadianton threat, set aside their differences and unite in a common cause. Verse 12 : They make a covenant with each other to work together to defeat the Gadianton robbers, recognizing that their combined strength is necessary. Verse 13 : Large armies are gathered from both the Nephite and Lamanite populations to confront the Gadianton robbers. Verse 14 : The Nephites and Lamanites realize that their only chance for survival is through unity and combined effort. Verse 15 : The threat of external enemies helps the Nephites and Lamanites remember their need for God’s protection and guidance. Verse 16 : They begin to repent of their sins and humble themselves before the Lord, seeking His help in defeating the robbers. Verse 17 : Despite their repentance, the Nephites and Lamanites know that they will still have to physically confront the Gadianton robbers. Verse 18 : They prepare themselves for a prolonged and difficult battle against the robbers. Verse 19 : The chapter concludes with the Nephites and Lamanites resolved to defend their lands and families, united in their purpose to defeat the Gadianton robbers. 3 Nephi 3 In 3 Nephi 3, the Nephites are confronted by Giddianhi, the leader of the Gadianton robbers, who sends a letter to Lachoneus demanding surrender. Using flattery, threats, and manipulation, Giddianhi attempts to intimidate Lachoneus and his people, promising destruction if they do not yield. However, Lachoneus responds with unwavering faith, calling his people to repentance and preparing them both spiritually and physically for the impending attack. He appoints Gidgiddoni as their military leader, and together they fortify their cities and gather provisions. Gidgiddoni wisely counsels the Nephites not to take the offensive but to wait for the robbers to attack, trusting in the Lord’s protection. The Nephites unite, humbling themselves before God and preparing for both a spiritual and physical battle. This chapter emphasizes the power of righteous leadership, the importance of faith and repentance, and the need for preparation in the face of danger. It shows that when people trust in God and unite in righteousness, they can stand strong against overwhelming evil, no matter how intimidating the threat. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Spiritual and Temporal Preparation : Lachoneus emphasizes both spiritual and physical readiness, calling the Nephites to repentance and unity while also ensuring their cities are fortified and provisions are gathered. This balance between faith and action demonstrates the importance of relying on God while also preparing to defend oneself in times of crisis. Faith and Leadership : Lachoneus and Gidgiddoni provide a powerful example of righteous leadership. Lachoneus refuses to be intimidated by Giddianhi’s threats, and Gidgiddoni wisely counsels the people not to attack but to defend. Their faith in the Lord and adherence to His commandments highlight the principle of relying on divine guidance in the face of overwhelming opposition. Unity Against Common Threats : The Nephites and Lamanites, who have been in conflict in the past, come together against the common enemy of the Gadianton robbers. This theme underscores the power of unity and cooperation in overcoming evil, and how external threats can lead to greater solidarity. The Power of Repentance : Lachoneus’ call to repentance reminds the people that their spiritual state is just as important as their physical defenses. He knows that only through humility and faith in the Lord can they expect true deliverance from their enemies. Giddianhi’s Use of Manipulation : Giddianhi’s letter is full of flattery, intimidation, and manipulation, common tactics used by leaders of organized crime or corrupt groups to pressure others into submission. His appeals to the Nephites' pride and fear reflect ancient and modern strategies used by oppressive powers to gain control. The Role of Chief Captains : Gidgiddoni’s appointment as the chief captain of the Nephite armies reflects the ancient Nephite tradition of selecting military leaders based on both their righteousness and skill. His refusal to act prematurely or aggressively shows his reliance on divine guidance, a hallmark of righteous Nephite leadership. Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources 3 Nephi 3 Verses 1-10: Giddianhi’s Letter to Lachoneus Verse 1 : Giddianhi, the leader of the Gadianton robbers, writes a letter to Lachoneus, the chief judge of the Nephites. Verse 2 : Giddianhi begins with flattery, calling Lachoneus "most noble" and attempting to persuade him to surrender peacefully. Verse 3 : Giddianhi demands that Lachoneus and the Nephites surrender their lands and possessions to avoid destruction. Verse 4 : Giddianhi threatens the Nephites, claiming that if they do not surrender, they will face certain destruction by the robbers. Verse 5 : He asserts that the Gadianton robbers have rightful possession of the Nephites’ lands, as they are descendants of those who were wronged. Verse 6 : Giddianhi attempts to justify the actions of the robbers by claiming that they are acting in accordance with their own laws and ways of life. Verse 7 : He promises the Nephites peace and safety if they surrender willingly, threatening destruction if they refuse. Verse 8 : Giddianhi mocks the Nephites' ability to defend themselves and calls on them to submit to the robbers' rule. Verse 9 : He claims the robbers are led by wisdom and offers Lachoneus a chance to avoid bloodshed by surrendering now. Verse 10 : Giddianhi concludes his letter with an ultimatum: surrender or face destruction. Why was Giddianhi So Polite? Verses 11-16: Lachoneus’s Response and Call to Action Verse 11 : Lachoneus is not frightened by the letter and refuses to surrender or give in to fear. Verse 12 : Lachoneus gathers the people together and calls on them to repent and turn to the Lord for protection. Verse 13 : He commands that the people gather into one central location, where they can better defend themselves. Verse 14 : Lachoneus orders the people to build fortifications and prepare provisions for a potential siege by the Gadianton robbers. Verse 15 : He encourages the people to pray with great faith and humility, trusting in God for deliverance. Verse 16 : Lachoneus appoints Gidgiddoni, a righteous man and chief captain, as the leader of the Nephite armies. Verses 17-22: Gidgiddoni’s Leadership and Military Strategy Verse 17 : The people request that Gidgiddoni lead them to attack the robbers in their strongholds, but he refuses. Verse 18 : Gidgiddoni explains that it is not wise to attack the robbers in their strongholds, as the Lord has commanded them to defend and not take the offensive. Verse 19 : He instructs the people to prepare their defenses and wait for the robbers to attack, placing their trust in the Lord. Verse 20 : Gidgiddoni prepares the people by organizing them into strong defensive positions, with their fortifications and provisions ready. Verse 21 : The Nephites gather their flocks, herds, and all their possessions into their fortified cities, as instructed by Lachoneus. Verse 22 : They fortify their cities and prepare to defend themselves against the robbers, who are expected to come and attack. Attestation of Gidgiddoni Verses 23-26: Spiritual and Physical Preparations Verse 23 : The people continue to repent and pray for deliverance, humbling themselves before the Lord in great faith. Verse 24 : They gather into the land of Zarahemla and the land of Bountiful, fortifying themselves against the robbers. Verse 25 : The Nephites make sure they have enough provisions and strengthen their cities to withstand a siege. Verse 26 : United in faith and purpose, the people trust in the Lord and prepare for the inevitable attack from the Gadianton robbers. 3 Nephi 4 In 3 Nephi 4, the Nephites, led by Lachoneus and Gidgiddoni, face the Gadianton robbers in battle. Giddianhi’s forces, confident in their strength, launch an attack but are met with a well-prepared Nephite defense. The Nephites, relying on their fortifications and faith in the Lord, successfully repel the robbers. Giddianhi is killed in the battle, leading to the defeat of his army. However, the robbers regroup under Zemnarihah, who attempts a siege. The Nephites, having stored ample provisions, withstand the siege, and Gidgiddoni's forces pursue the robbers as they attempt to retreat. Zemnarihah is captured and executed, and the remaining robbers are either destroyed or surrender. After their victory, the Nephites give thanks to God, recognizing that their success is due to their faith, repentance, and divine protection. They express their gratitude through worship and sacrifice, renewing their commitment to righteousness. This chapter highlights the themes of divine deliverance, righteous leadership, and the importance of spiritual and temporal preparation in overcoming evil. It serves as a powerful reminder that with faith in the Lord, even overwhelming enemies can be defeated, and peace can be restored. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Divine Deliverance : A key theme is the Nephites' deliverance from the Gadianton robbers through their faith in God. Despite the robbers' strength and the intensity of the battle, the Nephites' reliance on the Lord ensures their victory. Righteous Leadership : Lachoneus and Gidgiddoni exemplify righteous leadership by preparing their people both spiritually and temporally. Their wisdom and reliance on the Lord help the Nephites defeat their enemies without unnecessary aggression. Preparation and Faith : The Nephites’ victory is a result of both careful preparation (fortifying their cities and gathering provisions) and spiritual readiness (repentance, prayer, and faith). This balance of physical and spiritual preparedness is critical to their success. The Consequences of Wickedness : The Gadianton robbers serve as a symbol of lawlessness and pride. Their ultimate defeat and the death of their leaders, Giddianhi and Zemnarihah, show the inevitable consequences of wickedness and rebellion against God. Gratitude, Fasting, and Worship : After their victory, the Nephites humbly express their gratitude to God through prayer and offerings, recognizing that their success comes not from their own strength but from the Lord’s protection and mercy. Restoration and Rebuilding : Following the defeat of the Gadianton robbers, the Nephites focus on rebuilding their society, restoring peace, and prospering in righteousness. Their focus on both spiritual and temporal restoration is key to maintaining their prosperity. Humility and Vigilance : The Nephites remain humble and watchful even after their victory, understanding the need for continual faith and vigilance to prevent future threats and spiritual complacency. Symbolism of the Tree : The execution of Zemnarihah by hanging, followed by the cutting down of the tree, is symbolic of the end of his reign of wickedness. This act reflects the Nephite custom of executing criminals and destroying symbols of their leadership to prevent further rebellion. Military Tactics : The Nephites’ defensive strategy, which involves preparing fortifications and waiting for their enemies to attack, demonstrates the importance of patience and strategic planning in ancient warfare. This approach contrasts with the impulsive aggression of the Gadianton robbers. Repentance and Covenant Renewal : After their victory, the Nephites engage in acts of repentance and worship, renewing their commitment to live righteously. This cultural emphasis on covenant renewal shows the importance of maintaining a close relationship with God, especially after moments of divine deliverance. Fasting and Prayer in Nephite Culture : The Nephites’ observance of fasting and prayer following their victory reflects their cultural emphasis on these practices as powerful means of expressing gratitude and renewing spiritual strength. Symbolism of Rebuilding : The rebuilding of their society after the destruction caused by the Gadianton robbers symbolizes both physical restoration and a return to spiritual prosperity. It demonstrates the cyclical nature of destruction and renewal, common in Nephite history. Cultural Insights: Girded about with a Lambskin The Execution of Zemnarihah Legal Cases and Procedures in the Book of Mormon Literary & Linguistic Observations: Jacob's Protector The Scalp of Your Head: Polysemy in Alma 44:14–18 Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources 3 Nephi 4 Verses 1-5: The Robbers’ Attack on the Nephites Verse 1 : The Gadianton robbers, led by Giddianhi, prepare to attack the Nephites after gathering their armies. Verse 2 : The robbers, filled with hope and pride, march against the Nephite strongholds, confident in their numbers and power. Verse 3 : As the robbers approach, they are met with the fortified defenses of the Nephites, who are fully prepared to defend themselves. Verse 4 : Giddianhi’s army attacks the Nephite stronghold, but the Nephites are well-prepared and resist the assault effectively. Verse 5 : The Nephites, trusting in the Lord and their preparations, successfully withstand the robbers' attacks and begin to gain the upper hand. Verses 6-10: Giddianhi’s Defeat Verse 6 : The robbers continue to attack but are weakened by the Nephites' strong defense and lack of resources. Verse 7 : The Nephites launch a counterattack and drive the robbers back, relying on both their physical defenses and spiritual faith. Verse 8 : Giddianhi, realizing the battle is lost, attempts to retreat, but he is overtaken and killed by the Nephite forces. Verse 9 : The death of Giddianhi leads to the defeat and scattering of the remaining robbers. Verse 10 : The Nephites rejoice in their victory and praise the Lord for their success in battle. Why Did the Gadianton Robbers Wear a Lamb Skin? Verses 11-15: The Robbers Regroup Under Zemnarihah Verse 11 : After Giddianhi’s death, the robbers regroup under a new leader named Zemnarihah. Verse 12 : Zemnarihah attempts a siege against the Nephites, hoping to starve them into submission. Verse 13 : The Nephites, having prepared provisions and fortified their positions, are able to withstand the siege. Verse 14 : As the robbers grow desperate, Zemnarihah orders a retreat, but Gidgiddoni’s forces anticipate the move and pursue them. Verse 15 : The Nephites overtake the robbers, surrounding them and cutting off their escape routes. Verses 16-23: The Capture and Execution of Zemnarihah Verse 16 : Gidgiddoni’s forces capture Zemnarihah and bring an end to the Gadianton robbers' final assault. Verse 17 : Zemnarihah is executed by hanging on a tree, in accordance with Nephite law. Verse 18 : After Zemnarihah’s death, the tree on which he was hanged is cut down, symbolizing the end of his wicked reign. Verse 19 : The Nephites express their gratitude to God for delivering them from the robbers, acknowledging that their success came from their faith in the Lord. Verse 20 : Peace is restored as the remaining robbers either surrender or are destroyed by the Nephites. Verse 21 : The Nephites offer sacrifices and praise to God, showing their gratitude for His protection and deliverance. Verse 22 : They repent of their previous sins and pledge to live righteously, recognizing the importance of remaining faithful to the Lord. Verse 23 : The chapter concludes with the Nephites enjoying a period of peace and prosperity, having been delivered from the Gadianton robbers. Verses 24-33: Nephite Rejoicing and Peace Restored Verse 24 : The Nephites rejoice exceedingly because of their deliverance from the Gadianton robbers, acknowledging the hand of the Lord in their victory. Verse 25 : They consecrate a day of fasting, prayer, and praise, showing their gratitude for the Lord’s protection and deliverance. Verse 26 : Peace is restored in the land, and the Nephites enjoy prosperity, with no further threats from the Gadianton robbers. Verse 27 : The Nephites work to restore their society, returning to their lands and continuing to rebuild their cities and livelihoods. Verse 28 : They experience great joy, knowing that they have been preserved by the mercy of God. Verse 29 : The Nephites remain aware of the past threats and continue to keep watch for potential dangers, but their trust in God is renewed. Verse 30 : The people are careful to remain humble, recognizing that their success was not of their own doing but a result of their faith in the Lord. Verse 31 : The Nephites dedicate themselves to living righteously and maintaining the covenant they made with God, ensuring their continued prosperity and peace. Verse 32 : The chapter concludes with the Nephites dwelling in peace, having been delivered from their enemies and now enjoying unity and spiritual strength. Verse 33 : The Gadianton robbers, who had once been a great threat, are completely overcome, and the Nephites are free from the oppression and violence they once faced. Why Did the People Cut Down the Tree after Hanging Zemnarihah? Why Are Later Jewish Sources Relevant to Texts in the Book of Mormon? Zemnarihah’s Hanging 3 Nephi 5 3 Nephi 5 details the Nephites' gratitude for their deliverance from the Gadianton robbers and their efforts to restore peace and righteousness in their society. The people recognize that their victory came through their faith and repentance, and they commit to building a society founded on obedience to God. Mormon, as the record keeper, reflects on his role in preserving the Nephites' history and teachings for future generations, emphasizing the importance of the records in the fulfillment of prophecy. He focuses on the eventual gathering of Israel and the covenant God has made with His people, testifying of his faith in Jesus Christ and the role of the Nephite records in bringing people to a knowledge of the Savior. This chapter underscores the power of faith, repentance, and unity in overcoming challenges and restoring righteousness. It also highlights the importance of preserving spiritual records, the fulfillment of divine prophecy, and the eternal nature of God’s covenant with Israel. Through the Nephites' experience, we see the significance of building a strong foundation in faith and maintaining a close relationship with God to receive His promised blessings. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Gratitude and Restoration : Following their deliverance from the Gadianton robbers, the Nephites express profound gratitude to God and focus on rebuilding their society. Their commitment to righteousness and unity underscores the importance of spiritual restoration after a time of conflict. The Role of Records : Mormon’s reflections highlight the sacred role of the records he is compiling. These records are meant to preserve the history, prophecies, and teachings of the Nephites for future generations, particularly for the latter-day gathering of Israel. The Fulfillment of Prophecy : Mormon emphasizes that the prophecies concerning the gathering of Israel and the coming of Christ are being fulfilled among the Nephites, and he looks forward to the latter-day fulfillment of these promises. The chapter focuses on the eternal nature of God’s covenant with Israel. Discipleship and Covenant : Mormon identifies himself as a disciple of Jesus Christ and underscores the importance of following the Savior to be part of the covenant people. His testimony is a reminder that faith in Christ is the key to being included in God’s promises. The Role of Record Keepers : In ancient Hebraic and Nephite culture, record keeping was seen as a sacred duty, often reserved for prophets or those appointed by God. Mormon’s role as a record keeper places him in the tradition of Nephi, Jacob, and other prophets who preserved the sacred history and teachings of their people. Why Do We Need Prophets? Covenant and Gathering : The concept of the "gathering of Israel" is deeply rooted in Hebraic tradition. In the Hebrew Bible, Israel is often described as a people who will be gathered from their scattered state and restored to their covenant relationship with God. This idea is central to Mormon’s reflections on the future restoration of Israel in both a physical and spiritual sense. Discipleship and Covenant : Mormon identifies himself as a disciple of Jesus Christ and stresses the importance of discipleship in being part of God’s covenant people. His testimony reinforces the necessity of faith and repentance in fulfilling the Lord's promises. Gathering of Israel : The concept of gathering Israel is a recurring theme in the scriptures, symbolizing both physical and spiritual restoration. In the Hebrew Bible and in Nephite tradition, the gathering of scattered Israel represents the fulfillment of God’s promises and the ultimate reunification of His covenant people. Literary and Linguistic Observations: ’They Shall No More Be Confounded’: Moroni’s Wordplay on Joseph in Ether 13:1-13 and Moroni 10:31 Cultural Insights: Nephite Books Compared by Length and Years Covered Modern Application: Nephite Cycle of Righteousness: Mormon's Warning for Us Today Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources 3 Nephi 5 Verses 1-5: Nephite Restoration and Gratitude Verse 1 : The Nephites rejoice in their deliverance from the Gadianton robbers and are filled with gratitude for God’s protection and mercy. Verse 2 : Those who had been captured by the robbers are liberated, and the Nephites work to restore peace and order in their society. Verse 3 : The people take those who had led the robbers as prisoners, punishing them according to their crimes while restoring the repentant ones to society. Verse 4 : The Nephites recognize that their deliverance came because of their repentance and faith, and they commit to living in righteousness moving forward. Verse 5 : The people are united in their desire to rebuild their society on a foundation of faith and obedience to God. Verses 6-14: Mormon’s Reflections on His Role as Record Keeper Verse 6 : Mormon introduces himself as the record keeper and expresses his purpose in compiling the history of his people. Verse 7 : He emphasizes that he is writing the records according to the will of God, to preserve the history and teachings for future generations. Verse 8 : Mormon highlights that many of the prophecies about the gathering of Israel and the coming of Christ are being fulfilled among the Nephites. Verse 9 : He declares that the covenant made with the house of Israel will be fulfilled, and that all who repent will be part of this covenant. Verse 10 : Mormon emphasizes the eternal nature of God’s plan and the gathering of Israel, which will happen in the latter days. Verse 11 : He underscores that his record will play a crucial role in the fulfillment of prophecy, preserving the knowledge of God’s dealings with His people. Verse 12 : Mormon reflects on his sacred duty to compile the records, preserving the knowledge of God's dealings with His people for future generations. Verse 13 : Mormon identifies himself as a disciple of Jesus Christ, emphasizing his role in preserving and testifying of the Savior's mission. Verse 14 : He discusses the eventual fulfillment of prophecies regarding the gathering of Israel, both spiritually and physically, in the last days. “Make a Record” Why Did Mormon Introduce Himself in 3 Nephi 5? Why do New Testament Words and Phrases Show Up in the Book of Mormon? Part 2: The Resurrected Jesus as the Source Verses 15-26: The Gathering of Israel and the Covenant with God Verse 15 : Mormon highlights the many promises made to Israel and emphasizes God's mercy and justice in bringing about their fulfillment. Verse 16 : He reflects on the fulfillment of these promises as Israel is gathered and restored to its covenant relationship with God. Verse 17 : Mormon asserts that the Lord’s purposes will be accomplished, and Israel will be gathered from all nations. Verse 18 : The knowledge of Christ will spread throughout the world, leading to the gathering of both spiritual and literal Israel. Verse 19 : Those who have been scattered will be brought back to the knowledge of the true God, fulfilling the covenants made with their ancestors. Verse 20 : Mormon reaffirms the covenant between God and Israel, emphasizing that all who repent and follow Christ will be part of this covenant. Verse 21 : The Nephites, having been delivered from their enemies, turn their hearts to God in gratitude and continue to rebuild their society. Verse 22 : Peace and righteousness are restored, and the Nephites are united in their faith and commitment to God’s commandments. Verse 23 : Mormon expresses his hope for the future restoration of Israel and the fulfillment of all God’s promises. Verse 24 : The Nephites remain focused on living righteously and preserving the teachings of the prophets for future generations. Verse 25 : Mormon concludes by expressing confidence in the Lord’s plan, trusting that the future gathering of Israel will occur as prophesied. Verse 26 : The chapter ends with a reaffirmation of the eternal nature of God’s covenant with His people, promising blessings for all who remain faithful. 3 Nephi 6 3 Nephi 6 describes a period of prosperity and peace among the Nephites following their victory over the Gadianton robbers. However, this prosperity leads to pride, inequality, and the emergence of class distinctions. As wealth and power accumulate, many Nephites grow proud and begin to persecute the poor. The prophets are sent to call the people to repentance, but their messages are largely rejected, and many prophets are persecuted or killed. Secret combinations and conspiracies form, aiming to overthrow the government and seize power. The chapter ends with the Nephite society in a state of increasing turmoil, as corruption, pride, and rebellion lead to a collapse of order and justice. This chapter serves as a warning about the dangers of allowing material prosperity to lead to spiritual decay. The Nephites' experience illustrates the destructive power of pride, inequality, and the rejection of divine guidance. Despite the prophets' calls for repentance, the Nephites' refusal to humble themselves leads to societal breakdown, showing the importance of remaining humble, united, and faithful to God, even in times of prosperity. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Prosperity and Pride : The Nephites’ initial prosperity leads to the emergence of pride and inequality. This chapter illustrates the danger of allowing material wealth to lead to spiritual downfall, a recurring theme in scripture where prosperity can lead to forgetting God. Class Distinctions and Inequality : As the Nephites grow wealthy, class divisions emerge, with the rich oppressing the poor. This growing inequality leads to contention and strife, disrupting the unity of the Nephite society. Rejection of the Prophets : Despite the warnings of the prophets, many of the Nephites reject their messages and even persecute or kill the prophets. This rejection of divine guidance sets the stage for further destruction and conflict. Days of Wickedness and Vengeance: Analysis of 3 Nephi 6 and 7 The Rise of Secret Combinations : The return of secret combinations among the Nephites highlights the destructive power of conspiracy and corruption. These secret societies undermine the government and spread wickedness, creating instability and threatening the survival of the nation. The Importance of Humility : A key contrast in this chapter is between the righteous, who remain humble and repentant, and the wicked, who grow proud and rebellious. The righteous continue to trust in God, while the wicked reject His teachings, leading to their spiritual and societal downfall. Class Distinctions in Ancient Cultures : The emergence of class distinctions and inequality reflects a common challenge in ancient societies, where material wealth often led to the rise of social hierarchies. In the Nephite context, these divisions contribute to widespread pride and contention, disrupting the unity that had previously existed. Prophets in Hebraic Tradition : In the Hebrew Bible, prophets often faced persecution when delivering messages of repentance and warning. The rejection of the prophets in 3 Nephi 6 echoes this tradition, as the Nephites' growing wickedness leads them to turn against the very messengers sent to save them. Prophets and Rebellion : In Hebraic tradition, prophets often faced opposition when delivering messages of repentance, especially during times of prosperity. The rejection of prophets in 3 Nephi 6 mirrors the experiences of Old Testament prophets like Jeremiah and Isaiah, who were persecuted for calling people to turn away from their pride and wickedness. Prosperity as a Test of Faith : Throughout scripture, prosperity is seen as a double-edged sword. While blessings from God can bring peace and abundance, they can also lead to pride and a sense of self-sufficiency, causing people to forget their reliance on God. The Nephites’ experience in this chapter reflects this common biblical theme. Literary & Linguistic Insights: Word Groups in the Book of Mormon Cultural Observations: Legal Cases and Procedures in the Book of Mormon The Nephite Judges Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources 3 Nephi 6 Verses 1-5: Prosperity After Deliverance Verse 1 : Following the defeat of the Gadianton robbers, the Nephites enjoy a period of great peace and prosperity. Verse 2 : The people return to their homes, rebuild their cities, and enjoy the blessings of peace throughout the land. Verse 3 : The Nephites experience significant prosperity, and their lands are filled with abundance and wealth. Verse 4 : The government of the Nephites is reestablished, with judges ruling the people according to the laws. Verse 5 : The peace lasts for several years, and the people live in harmony, enjoying the fruits of their prosperity. Verses 6-12: The Rise of Pride, Inequality, and Class Distinctions Verse 6 : As prosperity grows, pride begins to creep into the hearts of some of the Nephites. Verse 7 : Class distinctions emerge, with the rich becoming increasingly powerful and the poor marginalized. Verse 8 : This inequality leads to divisions among the Nephites, as pride and wealth corrupt the unity they once enjoyed. Verse 9 : The wealthy begin to persecute the poor, while many Nephites grow hard-hearted and turn away from God. Verse 10 : The gap between the rich and the poor grows wider, creating societal tension and disrupting the harmony that once existed. Verse 11 : Despite the material wealth, spiritual decay sets in, and the people's pride overshadows their previous faithfulness. Verse 12 : The Nephites are divided, and many reject the prophets and the teachings of God, leading to greater wickedness. Is There Evidence for Book of Mormon Highways in Ancient America? Ancient American Highways Why Did the “Pride Cycle” Destroy the Nephite Nation? Verbal Irony Verses 13-17: Prophets Call the People to Repentance Verse 13 : Prophets are sent among the Nephites to call them to repentance, warning of the consequences of their pride and sins. Verse 14 : Some of the people humble themselves and repent, turning back to the teachings of the Lord. Verse 15 : However, many harden their hearts and refuse to listen to the prophets, rejecting their call to repentance. Verse 16 : The wicked Nephites conspire against the prophets and those in authority, plotting to overthrow the government and establish their own rule. Verse 17 : The prophets continue to preach repentance, but they are rejected, persecuted, and in some cases, killed by those who oppose their message. Verses 18-23: Secret Combinations and Conspiracy Against the Government Verse 18 : Secret combinations begin to form once again, with many conspiring to gain power through violence and deceit. Verse 19 : The leaders of the secret combinations seek to overthrow the government and establish themselves as rulers. Verse 20 : The wickedness of the Nephites grows as more people join the secret combinations, undermining the stability of the nation. Verse 21 : Judges and other leaders become corrupt, leading to widespread injustice and lawlessness in the land. Verse 22 : The people are divided between the righteous who follow the laws and those who seek power through wicked means. Verse 23 : The government begins to falter under the weight of corruption and conspiracy, creating an environment of fear and instability. Verses 24-30: The Downfall of the Nephite Society Verse 24 : As corruption spreads, many Nephites turn away from the commandments of God, and their society begins to deteriorate. Verse 25 : Judges and officials who oppose the conspiracies are cast out or killed, further destabilizing the government. Verse 26 : Despite the wickedness, the prophets continue to preach repentance, warning the people of the impending consequences of their rebellion. Verse 27 : The wicked Nephites harden their hearts and resist the calls to repentance, refusing to turn back to the Lord. Verse 28 : Secret combinations gain power as the leaders conspire to overthrow the government and kill the righteous leaders. Verse 29 : Those in power conspire to kill the chief judge and overthrow the entire system of government, leading to chaos and rebellion. Verse 30 : The chapter ends with the Nephites in a state of increasing turmoil, as corruption, pride, and secret combinations threaten the survival of their society. 3 Nephi 7 In 3 Nephi 7, the Nephite government collapses following the assassination of the chief judge, leading to widespread chaos and the rise of tribal divisions. The people split into tribes, each governed by its own laws, creating a fractured and unstable society. Amid this chaos, Nephi, the son of Nephi, preaches repentance with great power and authority. He performs many miracles, including raising the dead, and calls the people to prepare for the coming of Christ. Despite his efforts, most of the people harden their hearts and reject his message, though some are converted and baptized. The chapter concludes with the Nephite society deeply divided, as wickedness continues to spread and the righteous few remain steadfast in their faith. This chapter illustrates the consequences of pride, division, and the rejection of prophets. The breakdown of government and rise of tribalism symbolize the broader spiritual decay of the Nephites, who increasingly turn away from God. Nephi’s prophetic ministry and miraculous works testify of Christ’s imminent coming, but the people's hard-heartedness leads to further division and destruction. This chapter serves as a powerful reminder of the need for humility, repentance, and faith in the face of societal and spiritual collapse. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Collapse of Government and Rise of Tribalism : The assassination of the chief judge leads to the breakdown of the Nephite government, and the people divide into tribes. This tribalism represents a significant regression in Nephite society, with each tribe functioning independently, resulting in widespread chaos and instability. Nephi’s Prophetic Ministry : Nephi, the son of Nephi, stands as a powerful figure in this chapter, performing miracles and calling the people to repentance. His ministry is marked by the power of God, including raising the dead, but his message is met with mixed reactions—some repent, while many harden their hearts. Miracles as a Testimony of Christ : Nephi’s miraculous works, including raising the dead and healing the sick, serve as a testimony of the power of Christ. These miracles are meant to call the people to repentance and prepare them for the coming of the Savior, but the people's rejection of these signs highlights their hardened hearts. Division Between the Righteous and the Wicked : The chapter underscores the growing divide between the righteous who accept Nephi’s message and the wicked who reject it. This division is symbolic of the broader spiritual battle between good and evil, setting the stage for the eventual coming of Christ. Tribalism in Ancient Societies : The collapse of centralized government and the reversion to tribal leadership reflect a breakdown in societal order. In many ancient cultures, tribalism was a common form of governance, but in the Nephite context, this shift indicates a regression from the unity and justice established under the system of judges. Prophets and Miracles in Hebraic Tradition : In the Hebrew Bible, prophets often performed miracles as a sign of their divine calling, such as Elijah raising the widow’s son (1 Kings 17:17-24). Nephi’s ability to raise the dead and perform other miracles echoes these biblical prophets, emphasizing his role as a true servant of God. Division as a Consequence of Wickedness : The division between the righteous and the wicked in this chapter reflects a common biblical theme. In the Book of Mormon, societal division often occurs as a consequence of pride, inequality, and rejection of divine law, leading to eventual destruction. Literary & Linguistic Observations: Possible Book of Mormon Parallel Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources 3 Nephi 7 Verses 1-6: Collapse of the Nephite Government Verse 1 : Following the conspiracy, the chief judge is murdered, and the Nephite government collapses. Verse 2 : The people divide into tribes, each led by its own leaders, rejecting the central government established by the judges. Verse 3 : The tribes maintain loose alliances, with each tribe governed according to its own laws and leaders. Verse 4 : There is widespread chaos and division, with secret combinations continuing to cause strife and unrest among the people. Verse 5 : Despite the tribal structure, peace is fragile, as the people are plagued by pride, wickedness, and internal strife. Verse 6 : Secret combinations grow stronger, and many Nephites turn to lawlessness and rebellion. Why Does the Book of Mormon Use the Phrase “Secret Combinations?” Verses 7-10: Nephi Preaches Repentance with Great Power Verse 7 : Nephi, the son of Nephi, continues to preach repentance to the people, even amid the collapse of society. Verse 8 : He speaks with great power, testifying of Christ, and calls the people to repent and prepare for the coming of the Savior. Verse 9 : Nephi performs many miracles among the people, including raising his brother from the dead, demonstrating the power of his faith in Christ. Verse 10 : Despite his mighty works, many people harden their hearts and refuse to repent, remaining in their wickedness. Verses 11-16: Divisions Among the People Verse 11 : Some of the Nephites believe Nephi’s teachings and are converted, repenting and being baptized. Verse 12 : However, many others remain proud and rebellious, rejecting Nephi’s message and continuing in their sinful ways. Verse 13 : The wicked seek to silence Nephi and his followers, creating further division between the righteous and the wicked. Verse 14 : The tribes become more divided, with some factions actively opposing Nephi and the prophets. Verse 15 : Despite opposition, Nephi continues to preach and perform miracles, calling the people to repentance with power and authority. Verse 16 : Though some are converted and receive the gospel, the majority of the people harden their hearts, and society continues to unravel. Verses 17-26: Nephi's Miracles and Prophetic Ministry Verse 17 : Nephi preaches with such power that many are astonished, and his words have the force to silence the rebellious. Verse 18 : The people are so affected by Nephi’s preaching that some believe he is a prophet sent by God to call them to repentance. Verse 19 : Nephi performs many miracles, including healing the sick, casting out devils, and even raising the dead, causing some to repent and believe in Christ. Verse 20 : Despite these signs, the majority of the people remain hard-hearted, rejecting the miracles and continuing in their wicked ways. Verse 21 : Nephi’s ministry leads to the baptism of some individuals, but overall, the people remain deeply divided between the righteous and the wicked. Verse 22 : Nephi continues to call upon the people to repent, but they refuse to heed his warnings, choosing to remain in their sinful state. Verse 23 : The people’s increasing wickedness leads to greater destruction, as they continue to reject the gospel and the prophets. Verse 24 : Nephi’s miraculous works serve as a testimony of the coming of Christ, but the people’s hard-heartedness prevents widespread repentance. Verse 25 : Nephi remains steadfast in his prophetic ministry, despite the growing opposition and the hard-heartedness of the people. Verse 26 : The chapter ends with the Nephites still in a state of division and spiritual decay, as they await the prophesied coming of Christ. True Conversion  - Elder Scott How Was Nephi, Son of Nephi, Similar to John the Baptist? Church Videos & Resources 3 Nephi - Moroni Talks and References This Month in Come Follow Me Games, Stories, & Activities for Kids Book of Mormon Videos Images Scripture Central Study Guide The study guide with the Reading Plan is now up under the Scripture Central Podcast Materials BYU’s RSC Days of Wickedness and Vengeance: Analysis of 3 Nephi 6 and 7 Leitworter in Helaman and 3 Nephi

CFM : 28–November 3 Mormon 1–6  Videos, Podcasts, & Weekly Lesson Material Media ​Lesson Extension Scripture Central Mormon 1-6 Scripture Study Insights Insights with Taylor and Tyler: Revisited Scripture Insights Come, Follow Me with John Hilton III (Mormon 1-6) Study Guide Follow Him Mormon 1-6 Mormon 1-6 Part 1 • Dr. Larry Nelson Mormon 1-6 Part 2 • Dr. Larry Nelson Transcripts Line Upon Line Mormon 1-6 ( not yet posted ) Teaching with Power Mormon 1-6 ​ Teaching Bundle for Book of Mormon, available on Etsy. Don't Miss This Mormon 1-6 Book of Mormon Matters with John W. Welch and Lynne Hilton Wilson Mormon 1-6 John W. 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Gardner Volume 4: Helaman-Moroni Mormon 1 Mormon 2 Mormon 3 Mormon 4 Mormon 5 Mormon 6 Saving Talents: Devotionals & FHE for Children Mormon 1-6 Grounded with Barbara Morgan Mormon 1-6 Our Mothers Knew It Mormon 1-6 ( Object Lesson ) Hurricane Utah Adult Religion Class , Book of Mormon Mormon 1-6 Mormon led his people; the end of Nephite civilization Video Notes Slides Resources and Insights for this Week's Lesson   The Book of Mormon: A Cultural and Religious Exploration For my Gospel Doctrine Class this week, I have prepared the following document to help you with this week's homework assignment, which is to reflect on your experiences with "tasting of the goodness of Jesus." This is an overview outline of Christs's visit to the America's and it it summarizes his teachings among the Nephites. Mormon's experience with "tasting of the goodness of Jesus" helped him to maintain his testimony while so many others fell away. As you reflect on Jesus's visit with the Nephites, consider how these teachings help you to "taste the goodness of Jesus" and how that can strengthen you in times of adversity. Additional Resources: FAIR Study Resources for Come, Follow Me Interpreter Radio: The Book of Mormon in Context Lesson 44 Nibley Book of Mormon Lectures: Come, Follow Me Lesson 44 Come, Follow Me  Study and Teaching Helps — Lesson 42: Mormon 1-6 Audio Roundtable: Come, Follow Me Book of Mormon Lesson 42 (Mormon 1-6) Discipleship As the World Collapses Around You Labor Diligently to Write: The Ancient Making of a Modern Scripture — Chapter 18: Mormon Chapters I-III (1–7) “Swearing by Their Everlasting Maker”: Some Notes on Paanchi and Giddianhi “O Ye Fair Ones” — Revisited Some Notes on Book of Mormon Names Mormon 1-9. I Write that Ye Might Believe the Gospel of Jesus Christ Scripture Roundtable: Book of Mormon Gospel Doctrine Lesson 43, “How Could Ye Have Departed from the Ways of the Lord?” Scripture Roundtable: Book of Mormon Gospel Doctrine Lesson 40, “Then Will I Gather Them In” Overview Mormon 1 Mormon 1  introduces Mormon , the final record keeper and prophet-historian of the Nephite people. In this chapter, Mormon begins to recount the history of his life and the tragic decline of the Nephite civilization. He describes the moral and spiritual downfall of the people, their persistent wickedness, and the beginnings of the wars that will lead to their destruction. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Wickedness and Spiritual Decline : The Nephites have fallen into deep wickedness, losing all spiritual gifts and prophetic guidance. Their hearts are hardened against repentance, and they deny the Lord. Tribalism: Did Lehi Organize His Posterity into Seven Tribes? Mormon’s Calling and Preparation : Despite the wickedness around him, Mormon is prepared from a young age for his sacred calling. His spiritual maturity is recognized by Ammaron, and he is given the responsibility to continue the sacred record-keeping. This demonstrates God’s foreknowledge and the divine plan for the preservation of the Nephite records. Mormon, the Man and the Message Who Kept the Records in the Book of Mormon? (By Lineages) People to Whom Jesus Christ or the Angel of the Lord Appeared Divine Judgment : The Nephite people’s refusal to repent leads to divine judgments, including military defeat and displacement. The connection between spiritual rebellion and physical destruction is emphasized. Mormon as a Witness : Mormon’s role is primarily that of a witness to the downfall of his people. Despite being spiritually in tune with God, he is constrained from preaching due to the extreme hardness of the Nephites' hearts. What the Book of Mormon Is (Concluded The ‘Author’ and the ‘Finisher’ of the Book of Mormon What Do We Know about Mormon’s Upbringing? Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Mormon 1 Mormon Preserves the Record | Mormon 1-7 Verses 1-2: Introduction of Mormon How Do the Events of Mormon’s Life Shape the Entire Book of Mormon? Mormon’s Heritage and Early Life : Mormon introduces himself, noting that he is named after his father and was entrusted to write the history of his people. Father's Role : Mormon’s father, also named Mormon, plays a role in entrusting him with the sacred records. He is described as a man of faith, further establishing Mormon’s connection to the spiritual legacy of the Nephites. What Do We Know about Mormon’s Upbringing? “Record” Hebrew word : סֵפֶר  ( Sefer ) — "Book," "scroll," "record;" זִכְרוֹן ( zikrôwn ) "memorial," "remembrance" Both of these words depict the nature and purpose of Mormon's record. The word sefer  in Hebrew signifies a physical book, scroll, or record, often used to describe sacred writings or chronicles (like the Torah or other ancient texts). In Mormon 1 , Mormon is commanded by Ammaron  to take the sacred records and continue the historical account of the Nephite people. The idea of keeping and preserving these records is central to the biblical tradition, as seen with the books of Moses  or the prophets . As the concluson of the Nephite record, a zikrown also serves as a memorial of the Nephite people. Contextual Significance : In both Nephite and ancient Israelite traditions, keeping a sefer  (record) symbolizes the preservation of divine communication with humanity. The fact that Mormon is entrusted with these records emphasizes the continuity of God’s revelations and the importance of memory and testimony in preserving the truth for future generations. Verses 3-5: Ammaron’s Prophecy and Command Ammaron’s Command to Mormon : The prophet Ammaron , a previous record keeper, approaches Mormon when he is ten years old. Ammaron perceives in Mormon a sober child, quick to observe , and one who demonstrated an acute aptitude to learn, who exercised maturity beyond his years. Ammaron’s Instructions : Ammaron tells Mormon to wait until he is twenty-four years old, at which point he is to retrieve the Nephite writings / engravings hidden in the hill Shim  " renowned " and continue the record-keeping. Importance of Records : The sacred records are meant to preserve the history of the Nephites, particularly the dealings of the Lord with His people. "Prophet"  (Verse 4) Hebrew word : נָבִיא  ( Navi ) — "Prophet," "spokesperson;" נָבָא ( nâbâʼ ) " Prophesy"" Navi  refers to a prophet, one who is a messenger or mouthpiece of God. In Mormon 1:4 , Mormon refers to Ammaron  as a prophet who delivered the commandment to him. The absence of prophets later in the chapter (verse 13) marks a critical spiritual decline for the Nephite people. Contextual Significance : In the Old Testament, prophets were crucial in calling people back to righteousness, especially during times of apostasy. The absence of prophets in the Nephite society, due to their hardened hearts, mirrors the withdrawal of prophetic guidance in Israel when the people turned away from God (e.g., 1 Samuel 3:1 ). Verses 6-9: Mormon’s Early Life in a Wicked Society, Contention and Wars Begin Nephite Wickedness : Mormon describes how by the time he reaches eleven years old, the Nephite civilization was numerous, however the people had become very wicked. They segregated themselves in tribes and disputed between themselves. Revelations and spiritual gift began to decline among them because they were so hardened from sin. Lack of Divine Guidance : Due to the people's wickedness and hard-heartedness, they abandon the Spirit and they choose to trust in themselves vs. the Lord. "Peacemakers Needed"  President Nelson There Were No “Manner of –Ites”  - Elder Scott Verses 10-12: The Lamanite and Nephite Wars Ensue Wars Between Nephites and Lamanites : Wars between the Nephites  and Lamanites  commence. The battles lead to many deaths, but peace resolutions are made temporarily. Verses 13-17: The People Refuse to Repent The People’s Hardness : The battles lead to great destruction, and the Nephites are driven from the land of Zarahemla. Despite their suffering and the judgments of God, the Nephites refuse to repent and continue in their evil ways. They even go so far as to deny the existence of Christ and mock the truth.. The Lord removes the Disciples : As a result of the peoples wickedness, the Lord withdraws the disciples from among the people. Mormon’s Spiritual Development : At fifteen, Mormon is visited by the Lord, and through tasting of his goodness, he gains a knowledge of His reality. However, Mormon is constrained from preaching to the people because of their extreme wickedness. Mormon’s Role : Mormon describes his experience as" tasting " the word of God. (Taylor Halverson's explanation ). Having that perspective, he is protected from the spiritual devastation, yet he still observes and endures the increasing wickedness among his people and eventually their total rejection of God. This hinders his ability to teach or guide them spiritually. The Hebrew word טַעַם  ( ta'am ), often translated as "taste," goes beyond the simple physical act of tasting food. Derived from the root ta'am , it also encompasses deeper meanings such as discernment , understanding , and experience . In ancient Hebrew, "taste" symbolically represented an ability to perceive or judge with wisdom. 1. Physical and Sensory Meaning : In its literal sense, ta'am  refers to the sensory act of tasting, as used in verses like Psalm 34:8 , "Taste and see that the Lord is good." Here, the word implies a tangible experience with a metaphorical invitation to explore and personally experience God's goodness. 2. Symbolic and Intellectual Significance : Beyond the physical, ta'am  can mean discerning or judging, as seen in 1 Samuel 25:33 , where Abigail is praised for her "good taste" (or judgment) in preventing David from taking rash action. The term conveys the idea of understanding, having insight, or making sound judgments. In Proverbs 11:22 , ta'am  implies discretion or intelligence, equating "good taste" with wisdom. 3. Spiritual Implications : The word ta'am  is frequently used to convey an invitation to personally "taste" or experience spiritual truths, as in Psalm 119:103 , where the psalmist describes God's words as "sweeter than honey." Here, ta'am  invites individuals to savor, internalize, and personally appreciate spiritual teachings. In Hebrew thought, ta'am  captures the essence of experiencing and discerning  with both physical senses and spiritual insight, encouraging a holistic encounter with the world and with divine wisdom. "Hardness" of Heart  (Verse 15) Hebrew word : קָשֶׁה לֵב  ( Kasheh Lev ) — "Hard-hearted," "stubborn" In Hebrew, kasheh lev  describes a person who is stubborn, dense, or unyielding in heart. In Mormon 1:15 , despite Mormon’s personal spiritual development and knowledge of God, he is unable to preach to the people because of their “hardness of heart,” which mirrors the term used to describe the Israelites  when they refused to repent and follow God’s commands (e.g., Exodus 7:3 , where Pharaoh’s heart was hardened). Contextual Significance : In biblical tradition, a hard heart indicates a person who is resistant to spiritual impressions or divine intervention. This term is often associated with rebellion against God and an inability to accept repentance. The Nephites’ spiritual decline, highlighted by their hardened hearts, signifies their impending destruction as a people. "Rebellion"  (Verse 16) Hebrew word : מֶרִי  ( Meri ) — "Rebellion," "defiance" Meri  in Hebrew refers to the act of rebelling or resisting authority, particularly God’s authority. In Mormon 1:16 , Mormon speaks of the Nephites' rebellion against God and their subsequent losses in battle. The use of this term in the Old Testament  often denotes Israel's failure to follow God's commandments, leading to divine judgments (e.g., Numbers 14:9 ). Contextual Significance : Rebellion in a covenantal context denotes a complete turning away from God. In the Nephites’ case, their rebellion against the Lord mirrors similar patterns found in ancient Israel’s history, where rebellion led to military defeat and captivity (e.g., Judges 2:11-14 ). Verses 18-19: The Nephite Rebellion, Rise of Gadianton Robbers Military Struggles : Mormon briefly comments on the Nephite rebellion and their futile attempts to defend themselves against the Lamanites. Their treasures become "slippery," and people resort to burying them into the ground. This is similar to those in Jerusalem. For example the Essenes resort to burying their record into the caves of Qumran. These ancient records were rediscovered in 1945. As a result of the Nephites wickedness, they are continually driven out of their lands. Spiritual and Military Decline : This section highlights the connection between the spiritual downfall and the military losses of the Nephite people, as they are no longer under the protection of the Lord. This is because they turned away from him and relied on their own devices and idolic substitutions, which resulted in contention and fighting, secret combination, sorceries , witchcrafts , and reliance on superstitious magics ( Magos , root for Magi & Mageistrates, from רַב־מָג "Chief Magician" ) and priest crafts .   "Judgment"  (Verse 17) Greek word : κρίσις  ( Krisis ) — "Judgment," "decision" The Greek word krisis  is used to describe the process of separating, discerning, and making a decision about right and wrong. In this chapter, though the term is not explicitly mentioned, the Nephites' defeats can be seen as divine judgment for their sins. Contextual Significance : The concept of judgment in both Hebrew  and Greek  cultures implies a weighing of actions and consequences. The Nephites' rebellion and subsequent suffering are presented as the result of their spiritual rejection of God, leading to judgments similar to those found in the biblical narrative when God judges Israel or other nations for their sins (e.g., Deuteronomy 28 ). Priestcraft The concept of priestcraft  does not have a direct, single word equivalent in biblical Hebrew but rather is a composite term, especially prominent in the Book of Mormon , where it is used to denote the practice of performing religious duties for personal gain, power, or influence rather than serving God and others. In 2 Nephi 26:29 , priestcraft is described as a situation where people “preach and set themselves up for a light unto the world, that they may get gain and praise of the world.” However, we can gain insight into the concept of priestcraft by looking at related Hebrew words and terms in the Old Testament that reflect similar ideas: 1. Kohen (כֹּהֵן)  — " Priest " + Craft Kohen  is the Hebrew word for “priest,” typically referring to those who perform temple duties and sacrifices as ordained in the Torah  (e.g., Aaronic priests in Leviticus ). While a kohen’s duty was to mediate between God and His people, the misuse of this role for personal gain could turn legitimate priestly service into "priestcraft." There are many words for craft , which indicates the skill , technique, means, ability, or practice of doing something. 2. Betza (בֶּצַע)  — "Covetousness" or "Unjust Gain" Betza  refers to selfish or dishonest gain and is often associated with greed and corruption. For instance, in Micah 3:11 , the prophets and priests are condemned for teaching "for hire" and prophesying "for money." This exploitation of religious authority for personal profit parallels the concept of priestcraft, as it implies using one’s religious position for material or political advantage rather than sincere service. 3. Shacha d (שַׁחַד)   — "Reward" or "Bribery" Although shachad  can mean simply "reward," it often implies a morally questionable incentive. Ezekiel 22:12 ( INT )  criticizes Israel's leaders for accepting bribes ( shachar ) and profiting from sacred duties, effectively selling spiritual services for wealth. 4. Nabi Sheker (נְבִיא שֶׁקֶר)  — "False Prophet" While nabi sheker  specifically means "false prophet," this term shares a connection with priestcraft when individuals claim divine authority to mislead others for personal gain. This concept aligns with Jeremiah 23:16-17 ( INT ) , where prophets speak "visions of their own minds" to please people and gain influence, a practice that aligns with priestcraft’s emphasis on self-promotion. In summary, priestcraft  as described in the Book of Mormon  represents a corruption of true religious service, akin to exploiting priestly roles for gain ( betza ) or reward ( shachar ). The Hebrew Bible addresses these ideas indirectly by condemning practices of selfish gain, bribery, and false prophecy among Israel’s religious leaders, indicating that the idea of priestcraft has biblical roots, even if the specific term does not appear. Mormon 2 In Mormon 2 , Mormon assumes leadership of the Nephite armies during a time of intense warfare and moral decline. Despite his initial hope for his people, he quickly realizes that they are beyond repentance. The chapter chronicles the ongoing destruction of the Nephites due to their wickedness, their refusal to turn to God, and their desperation in battle. Mormon records his sorrow over the fate of his people and their increasing distance from God. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Leadership in a Time of Spiritual Decline : Mormon assumes leadership of the Nephite armies at a very young age, but his leadership is constantly overshadowed by the wickedness of the people. He cannot lead them to victory because they lack the moral and spiritual foundation necessary for God’s help. False Repentance : The Nephites’ cries to God are hollow; they seek relief from suffering without true humility or repentance. This false repentance is a major theme, illustrating that repentance without sincerity or change of heart does not bring divine assistance. Cycle of Wickedness and Destruction : The Nephites’ refusal to repent leads to continued military defeats and destruction. Their downward spiral into greater wickedness seals their fate. Wars in the Book of Mormon Plausible Locations of the Final Battles Mormon’s Sorrow and Despair : As both a spiritual leader and a military commander, Mormon grieves for his people’s spiritual state. He is caught between his duty to lead them and his sorrow over their inevitable destruction due to their wickedness. Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Mormon 2 Verses 1-2: Mormon Takes Command of the Army Mormon at Sixteen : Mormon is only sixteen years old when he is appointed leader of the Nephite armies. Despite his youth, he is recognized for his stature and abilities. Preparation for Leadership : The Nephites trust in Mormon's leadership despite his young age, reflecting the dire circumstances of their situation. Verses 3-5: The Nephites' War with the Lamanites Initial Nephite Victories : The Nephites, under Mormon's command, win a temporary victory over the Lamanites. However, these victories are not accompanied by a change in the hearts of the Nephites. Cycle of War : The battles between the Nephites and Lamanites continue, with brief respites, but no peace or repentance from the Nephite people. As a result they lose the city of Angola and David to the Lamanites. Verses 6-9: The Nephites Retreat and Suffer Great Losses The Nephites Retreat to Joshua : Mormon leads the Nephites in a retreat to the land of Joshua . Despite their retreat and temporary wins with Mormons help, they continue to suffer losses on both sides, and the war causes devastating destruction. Destruction of Nephite Lands : The Nephites lose several lands to the Lamanites despite their worldly fortifications, and their situation becomes more desperate. Verses 10-13: The Nephites' False Repentance The Nephites Cry to God : After suffering many losses, the Nephites cry out to God for deliverance, but their cries are not sincere. Their repentance is driven by fear of destruction, not a true change of heart. False Repentance : Mormon laments that the people do not truly turn to God. Instead of repenting of their sins, they only want relief from their suffering, which further alienates them from God. Lamentation in Jewish culture is a highly significant expression of grief, sorrow, and repentance, often arising from collective or personal loss and especially in response to calamities like the destruction of Jerusalem. In the Jewish Bible , lamentation frequently appears in books such as Lamentations , Jeremiah , and Psalms , where it takes the form of structured prayers or poetry directed toward God, seeking comfort, reflecting on suffering, and recognizing moral failings that distance individuals or nations from divine favor. In the Tanakh, the Book of Lamentation is called אֵיכָה (ʼ êykâh ), which means "How," or "Why?" and Iin many ways the Book of Mormon serves as an Eykah, a structured lamentation expressing the hows and whys for the Nephites destruction. Cultural Aspects of Lamentation in Jewish Tradition Structured Expression of Grief : Jewish lamentation is formalized and structured, commonly observed in both private prayer and public mourning rituals. The Book of Lamentations  (known as Eikha  in Hebrew) is traditionally read on Tisha B’Av , a day of mourning that commemorates the destruction of the First and Second Temples. The poetry’s acrostic structure and mournful tone emphasize deep despair yet also hold room for hope in divine mercy and redemption. Communal Identity and Repentance : Lamentation in Jewish culture is often communal, allowing people to share grief collectively, acknowledge their role in their suffering, and express hope for divine intervention. Integral to this communal lamentation is the concept of t’shuvah  (repentance, turning ), which aims to restore covenantal faithfulness and obedience to God. Seeking God’s Justice and Mercy : A common feature in Jewish laments is the recognition of God’s justice combined with pleas for mercy, where individuals and communities seek forgiveness and relief from suffering while affirming God’s sovereignty and justice. This balance is seen in Psalm 13  and Psalm 88 , which reflect a humble acceptance of divine judgment and a sincere request for divine compassion. Evidence of Lamentation in Mormon’s Writings: In the Book of Mormon , Mormon, the prophet-historian, embodies this tradition of lament as he records the tragic downfall of the Nephites. His grief mirrors traditional Jewish lamentation in several ways: Recognition of Divine Justice : Mormon acknowledges that the Nephites' suffering is a consequence of their rejection of God, echoing the Jewish belief in divine justice where calamities are linked to collective moral failings. This theme is prominent in Lamentations  and Jeremiah . Expression of Hopelessness and Despair : Like Jewish laments that mourn the loss of divine favor, Mormon expresses despair, particularly in Mormon 10:22 , acknowledging that his people have reached a point of no return. His sorrow parallels Lamentations 1:16 , which states, “For these things I weep; mine eye, mine eye runneth down with water.” Mourning the Loss of a Nation : Mormon’s grief extends to the destruction of his people as a whole, echoing the collective mourning seen in the Hebrew Bible, particularly with the destruction of Jerusalem. His lament, found in Mormon 6:17-22 , captures a profound national sorrow similar to that expressed in Lamentations . Prophetic Warning Coupled with Grief : Like the Jewish prophets, Mormon’s laments serve as warnings to future generations, urging them to avoid the same path. His sorrowful messages are similar to Jeremiah 9 , where the prophet warns and mourns the people’s moral decline. Despair at Unrepentance : Mormon’s sorrow is compounded by the Nephites' refusal to repent despite many opportunities, a recurring theme in Jewish lamentation where the lack of repentance intensifies the tragedy. Kinah and Ta’amim HaMikra in the Context of Mormon’s Lamentation The Hebrew term קִינָה  ( kinah , “lamentation”) denotes a formal expression of grief, often through structured poetry or music, especially in response to national disasters. In Jewish tradition, kinot  (plural of kinah) are highly structured and repetitive, with a mournful cadence as seen in Lamentations . They reflect sorrow, introspection, and repentance, calling for reflection on the relationship with God and frequently used during Tisha B’Av . In Hebrew, These shir or "songs" have traditional melodies that are depicted with the Ta'amim Himikrah, traditional cantillation markings that have been in use since at least the 6th century AD as musical notation for Biblical Mikra or "readings." Ta’amim HaMikra  ( cantillation marks , trope ) bring depth to kinot , imbuing the text with emotional “ taste ” ( ta’am  in Hebrew). These marks add interpretive and musical accents to the Hebrew Bible, drawing listeners into the sorrow, repentance, and despair expressed in the words. This concept of “tasting” or experiencing the text’s emotional and spiritual meaning is also present in Mormon’s writings. Tasting God’s Goodness in Mormon’s Record : In Mormon 1:15 , Mormon says he “tasted and knew of the goodness of Jesus.” This personal experience of God’s goodness parallels the Jewish idea of ta’am  as experiencing or internalizing divine teachings. Mormon’s sorrow stems from his awareness of this “taste” that his people have rejected. Ta’amim and Kinah in Lamentation : In Jewish tradition, the Ta’amim HaMikra  are especially impactful in chanting kinot, emphasizing the grief and repentance within the text. Similarly, Mormon’s lamentations carry the “flavor” of sorrow and lost potential, echoing the kinot style that uses both structure and emotional weight to draw out the depth of tragedy. Conclusion: Kinah and Ta’am in Mormon’s Record Through structured, deeply reflective lamentations, Mormon captures the essence of kinah  in Jewish culture—grief intertwined with warning and hope for future generations. His phrase “tasting the goodness of God” aligns with the ta’am  of scripture, underscoring the experience of divine blessings, now forsaken by his people. Just as the Ta’amim HaMikra  enhance the expression of kinot in Jewish tradition, Mormon’s structured grief in the Book of Mormon  invites readers to “taste” both the joys of faith and the sorrows of apostasy, bridging deep Jewish traditions of lament and spiritual experience. Verses 14-16: The Nephites Become Harder in Their Hearts Hardened Hearts : The Nephites grow even more wicked, refusing to approach the Savior with broken hearts and contrite spirits, this causes them to distance themselves spiritually from God. Despite their losses, they refuse to humble themselves before Him. Loss of Spiritual Gifts : Because of their hardness of heart, the gifts of the Spirit and revelations from God are withheld from them. Why Doesn’t God Punish Us the Moment We Sin? "Hardened Hearts"  (Verse 14) Hebrew word : קָשֶׁה לֵב  ( Kasheh Lev ) — "Hard-hearted," "stubborn" See previous description. Verses 17-19: The Nephites Prepare for War Again Why Did Mormon Write So Little about His Own Time Period? Preparation for Battle : The Nephites, instead of repenting, prepare for war with even greater determination. They gather in Jashon, an area near where Ammoron deposited the records that Mormon was instructed to care for. Mormon sorrowfully watches as his people sink deeper into wickedness. Despair and Sorrow : Mormon is filled with sorrow for his people, knowing that their spiritual condition will lead to their destruction. "Sorrows" Hebrew word : מָרוֹר  ( Maror ) — "Bitterness," "sorrow" The word maror  refers to intense sorrow, often associated with bitterness. In Mormon 2:19 , Mormon speaks of the sorrow he feels for the spiritual and physical destruction of his people. His lament echoes the sorrow of prophets like Jeremiah  who wept for the fate of Israel . Significance : Mormon’s sorrow represents the anguish of a prophet watching his people reject God. The depth of maror  conveys not just personal grief but a sorrow tied to witnessing the consequences of sin and rebellion. Verses 20-29: The Nephites Experience Devastating Defeats Mormon’s Leadership : Despite his best efforts, Mormon leads his people to more defeats. The Nephites continue to fall in battle, and their wickedness only grows. Devastation of the Nephites : The Lamanites gain the upper hand in the war, and Mormon's sorrow for his people intensifies as he witnesses their fall. Reflections on the Future : Mormon recognizes that the destruction of the Nephites is inevitable, given their refusal to repent. Mormon 3 In Mormon 3 , Mormon continues his account of the war between the Nephites  and Lamanites , but he also emphasizes the moral and spiritual decay of the Nephite people. As the destruction of the Nephites looms, Mormon temporarily resigns as their military leader because of their wickedness. Despite the Nephites’ severe spiritual and military decline, Mormon still calls them to repentance and warns them of impending divine judgment. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Moral and Spiritual Decay : The Nephites have sunk into deep wickedness, blaspheming against God and rejecting all calls to repentance. Their spiritual corruption leads to their military defeats and sets the stage for their ultimate destruction. ’Swearing by Their Everlasting Maker’: Some Notes on Paanchi and Giddianhi Mormon’s Integrity and Lament : Despite his military leadership, Mormon’s spiritual integrity is his foremost concern. He resigns from his position when the Nephites’ wickedness becomes too great. He also mourns for his people, knowing that their destruction is inevitable because of their refusal to repent. The Survivor and the Will to Bear Witness Judgment and Hypocrisy : The Nephites’ blasphemy highlights their hypocrisy—calling on God for deliverance without repenting or changing their ways. Their destruction is portrayed as just and inevitable, a direct result of their own choices. Preparing for the Judgment Warnings to Future Generations : Mormon directs part of his message to future readers, especially the Gentiles. He emphasizes that the fate of the Nephites is a cautionary tale for all nations who reject God’s commandments. Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Mormon 3 Verses 1-3: Temporary Peace as Mormon Admonishes the People to Repent and Prepare Why is the 10-Year Peace Treaty Important? Mormon Prepares for Battle : Mormon recounts how he encourages the Nephites to preparing for war against the Lamanites, and pleads with them to repent. Nephite Repentance : Mormon preaches to the Nephites, trying to persuade them to repent, but his words fall on deaf ears. Despite a brief 10 year period of peace, the Nephites remain unrepentant and hardened in sin. Peace Treaty in a Jubilee Year Wordplay on Joshua Verses 4-8: Lamanite Retaliation Three Battles and the Book of Judges Lamanite Renewed Attack : After years of relative peace, the Lamanites prepare for another war (About 36 AD). Despite receiving a letter outlining the Lamanites intentions and knowing their enemies were gathering in strength, the Nephites continue in their wickedness. Cycle of War : Mormon emphasizes that even after periods of relative peace, the Nephites return to wickedness, showing no sign of repentance or change in behavior. Verses 9-11: Mormon’s Resignation Mormon Refuses to Lead : When the Nephites boast in their own strength and swear to destroy the Lamanites, Mormon resigns as their military leader. He is appalled by their wickedness and refusal to repent. Mormon’s Integrity : Mormon's refusal to lead the Nephites in their prideful and unrighteous state emphasizes Mormon’s deep spiritual integrity. He cannot support a people who are fighting with wicked motivations. "Boast" (Verse 9) "In their own strength" Wordplay on Boaz Hebrew word : גֵּאֶה Ge'ah from גָּאָה  ( Ga'ah ) — "To boast," "to exalt oneself" Ga'ah  refers to pride or boasting, especially in one's own strength. In Mormon 3:9 , the Nephites are described as boasting in their own strength, leading to their moral downfall. Significance : Boasting in the Old Testament  is often condemned as a sign of pride and a failure to rely on God (e.g., Jeremiah 9:23 ). The Nephites' pride leads them away from God, contributing to their spiritual and military destruction. Verses 12-15: Mormon's Lamentation & God's Judgment/ Vengeance Mormon's Lament : Mormon lament continues over the Nephites’ fate, knowing that their destruction is inevitable unless they repent. He reflects on their hardened hearts and their failure to turn to God even in their distress. Divine Warnings : God warns Mormon that His judgment will soon fall upon the Nephites, and Mormon recognizes that the Nephites are bringing about their own destruction. "Judgment"  (Verse 15) Hebrew word : מִשְׁפָּט  ( Mishpat ) — "Judgment," "justice" Mishpat  refers to divine or legal judgment, typically the righteous decrees of God. In Mormon 3:15 , God warns Mormon of the impending judgment that will befall the Nephites due to their wickedness. Significance : Mishpat  in biblical contexts often refers to God’s just decrees based on the righteousness or wickedness of individuals or nations. The Nephites’ fate is sealed by God’s mishpat , demonstrating that divine judgment is always rooted in justice and the actions of the people. Verses 16-19: Nephites' Blasphemy and Final Battle Nephite Blasphemy : The Nephites continue to blaspheme against God, calling upon Him to deliver them from their enemies even as they refuse to repent. Their hypocrisy is evident as they seek divine intervention without changing their wicked ways. Mormon’s Final Warning : Mormon warns the Nephites that without repentance, destruction is imminent. He acknowledges that the judgments of God are righteous, and the people have brought their suffering upon themselves. "Blasphemy"  (Verse 16) Greek word : βλασφημία  ( Blasphemia ) — " Blasphemy ," "profane speech" Blasphemia  refers to disrespectful, slanderous, or irreverent speech toward God (and others). In Mormon 3:16 , the Nephites are described as blaspheming against God while hypocritically asking for His help in battle. This term is commonly used in both the Old  and New Testament  to describe acts of defiance against God (e.g., Matthew 12:31 ). Significance : Blasphemy in this context shows the depth of the Nephites' spiritual and moral decline. They are not just indifferent to God; they are actively disrespecting Him while seeking His intervention. This hypocrisy reflects their complete moral corruption. Verses 20-22: Mormon’s Prophetic Message Final Testimony to the Gentiles : Mormon records a message to future generations, especially the Jews and Gentiles , warning them not to follow the same path as the Nephites. He testifies that the Nephites' destruction serves as a warning to all nations who reject God. Prophetic Call : This final section of the chapter serves as Mormon’s prophetic call to future generations, urging them to repent and come unto Christ to avoid the same fate as his people. Mormon 4 In Mormon 4 , the Nephite and Lamanite conflict intensifies, with both sides experiencing heavy casualties. Women and Children are sacrificed to idols, and the Lamanites wreak havoc among the Nephites. This chapter highlights the ongoing destruction of the Nephites due to their wickedness, and Mormon expresses deep sorrow as he witnesses their continued moral decline. Despite occasional military successes, the Nephites are spiritually bankrupt and devoid of repentance, which leads to their ultimate destruction. The violence and devastation in this chapter foreshadow the collapse of Nephite civilization. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Moral Decay and Destruction : The Nephites’ continuous defeats are not just military but moral. Their refusal to repent and their escalating savagery mirror their spiritual degradation, which leads to inevitable destruction. Cycles of Vengeance : The war between the Nephites and Lamanites spirals into a vicious cycle of vengeance. Both sides act out of hatred, and their actions lead to greater atrocities, with no thought of reconciliation or peace. Nephite Cycle of Righteousness: Mormon's Warning for Us Today Divine Judgment : Mormon consistently attributes the Nephites’ downfall to God’s judgment. Their destruction is seen as a direct consequence of their refusal to repent and their hard-heartedness toward divine warnings. Sorrow for the People : Mormon’s sorrow deepens as he watches the Nephites spiral into destruction. His lament echoes the sorrow of ancient prophets like Jeremiah , who also witnessed the destruction of their people due to unrepentance. Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Mormon 4 Verses 1-2: Nephite Defeat at the Land of Desolation Lamanites Attack the Nephites : The chapter begins with a severe battle as the Lamanites attack the Nephites in the land of Desolation . Despite their defenses, the Nephites suffer a heavy defeat, losing many of their people. War's Destruction : The ongoing war leads to widespread devastation, underscoring the consequences of the Nephites’ failure to repent. "Desolation"  (Verse 1) Hebrew word : שָׁמֵם  ( Shamem ) — "Desolation," "destruction" Shamem  means to be laid waste or devastated. One of the Nephites’ final strongholds in the land of Desolation symbolizes their spiritual state—completely devastated, numb, and desolate. Significance : In the Bible, desolation often refers to the total destruction of a city or people as a result of God’s judgment (e.g., Isaiah 64:10 ). In this context, the land of Desolation  parallels the Nephites' spiritual ruin, as their hardened hearts bring them to physical and spiritual ruin . Verses 3-5: Temporary Nephite Victory Nephites Retaliate : In response to their defeat, the Nephites launch a counterattack and successfully drive the Lamanites out of their lands for a time. No Repentance : Despite this brief victory, Mormon notes that the Nephites still refuse to turn to God in humility or repentance. Their hearts remain hardened. Verses 6-8: Lamanites Defeat Nephites Again Lamanites Return in Strength : The Lamanites return with renewed force, and the Nephites experience another significant defeat. Moral Decline : The worsening moral condition of the Nephites is evident, as they continue to become spiritually lost, unrepentant and distant from God. Verses 9-12: War Becomes Savage Savage Nature of War : Mormon describes how both the Nephites and Lamanites become increasingly brutal in their warfare. Acts of cruelty and barbarism escalate on both sides, demonstrating a total disregard for life and morality. Moral Breakdown : The warfare between the two nations is no longer just a battle for survival but descends into savagery and hatred. The Nephites, in particular, lose any semblance of righteousness as they delight in killing. Hebrew word : רֶשַׁע  ( Resha ) — "Wickedness," "evil" Resha  refers to acts of injustice, evil, or moral wrong. In Mormon 4:10 , Mormon laments that the Nephites have become so wicked that they commit atrocities similar to their enemies, the Lamanites. Significance : In the Old Testament, resha  is often associated with rebellion against God’s commandments (e.g., Psalm 37:1 ). The Nephites’ increasing resha  shows their moral bankruptcy, aligning them with the unrighteous in biblical history who faced divine judgment. Verses 13-14: Nephites Lose the City of Desolation & Teancum Fall of Teancum : The Nephites suffer further defeat as they lose the city of Teancum  to the Lamanites. The chapter highlights the increasing loss of Nephite territory and their helplessness against their enemies. God's Judgment : Mormon reflects on how these losses are manifestations of divine judgment against the Nephites for their persistent wickedness. Verses 14-16: The Lamanites' Vengeance, including Human Sacrifice Why Did the Lamanites Sacrifice Women and Children to Idols? Human Sacrifice and Ritual Cannibalism Sequentially Consistent Chronology Lamanites' Vengeance : The Lamanites, driven by anger and vengeance, attack with ferocity. Mormon explains that the Lamanites seek revenge for past wrongs, adding another layer of violence in the form of human sacrifice to the ongoing conflict. Like earlier Biblical civilizations, they begin sacrificing women and children to their idol gods. The Nephites retaliate, and drive out the Lamanites temporarily. ( Human Sacrifice in Ancient Israel , Aztec Sacrifice , Human sacrifice is believed to have occurred among several ancient Native American traditions including the Mayans with the Chichen Itza's .) Cycle of Violence : The war devolves into a cycle of vengeance and violence, with both sides committing horrible atrocities. There is no longer any sense of justice or mercy. Greek word : ἔκδικησις  ( Ekdikēsis ) — "Vengeance," "retribution" Ekdikēsis  refers to the pursuit of justice through retaliation or revenge. In Mormon 4:14 , the Lamanites seek vengeance against the Nephites, driven by anger and a desire to repay them for past wrongs. Used in the septuagent for the Hebrew words נָקַם ( naqam ) , ( paqad ) פָּקַד, & ( Shaphat) שָׁפַט Significance : The cycle of vengeance described here reflects a departure from divine justice. In Romans 12:19 , Paul teaches, "Vengeance is mine; I will repay, saith the Lord." The Nephites and Lamanites, in seeking revenge on each other, reject God’s command to leave vengeance to Him, further highlighting their spiritual downfall. Verses 17-23: The Nephites' Collapse Final Nephite Defeat : As the Nephites lose more ground and suffer more defeats, their ability to resist the Lamanites dwindles. Mormon's sorrow deepens as he witnesses the irreversible collapse of his people. Spiritual and Military Ruin : Mormon ties the Nephites' downfall to their spiritual corruption, reflecting that no military strategy can save them when they have forsaken God. He retreats to the Hill Shim, where he begins to compile the records. Large Collections of Metal Plates Mormon 5 In Mormon 5 , Mormon returns to lead the Nephite armies despite their continued wickedness. He describes the chaos and destruction that befall the Nephites as they suffer repeated defeats at the hands of the Lamanites. Mormon reflects on the deep sorrow he feels for his people and addresses future readers directly, urging them to learn from the Nephites' tragic downfall. He also prophecies about the future scattering of the Nephites and the eventual gathering of Israel. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Destruction as a Consequence of Wickedness : The Nephites suffer complete destruction due to their persistent wickedness and refusal to repent. Their downfall serves as a stark warning to future generations about the consequences of rejecting God. Mormon’s Lament : Mormon expresses deep sorrow for his people. As both a military leader and prophet, he witnesses firsthand the destruction and suffering brought upon the Nephites by their own choices. Scattering and Gathering of Israel : Mormon prophesies that the Nephites, as part of the House of Israel, will be scattered among the nations, but they will be gathered again through God’s mercy. This theme of scattering and gathering reflects larger scriptural prophecies concerning the descendants of Israel. Message to Future Generations : Mormon addresses future readers directly, urging them to learn from the Nephites' mistakes. He extends a call to repentance to the Gentiles and the House of Israel, reminding them of the importance of turning to Christ for redemption. Mormon and Moroni as Authors and Abridgers What Was Mormon’s Purpose in Writing the Book of Mormon? Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Mormon 5 Verses 1-2: Mormon Returns to Lead the Nephites Mormon’s Reluctant Return to Command : Mormon resumes command of the Nephite armies, though he does so without hope. He knows that the Nephites will be destroyed because of their persistent wickedness, but he feels compelled to lead them for the sake of survival. Mormon’s Despair : Despite his leadership, Mormon is deeply disheartened. He recognizes that the Nephites are beyond repentance and redemption. Verses 3-5: The Nephites Are Driven and Scattered Lamanite Domination : The Lamanites overpower the Nephites, driving them from city to city. The Nephites are scattered and pushed further into their lands, losing their once-strong defenses. No Divine Protection : Mormon notes that the Nephites are no longer protected by the Lord because of their iniquities. They are left to suffer the consequences of their rebellion. Burning Cities Verses 6-7: Complete Destruction and Cruelty Lamanite Brutality : The Lamanites show no mercy to the Nephites, engaging in acts of extreme cruelty. The Nephites are destroyed by the thousands, with no hope of deliverance. Despair in Battle : The Nephites are powerless, having forfeited divine protection through their wickedness. Mormon observes the complete collapse of his people. Verses 8-9: Mormon’s Appeal to Future Generations The Book of Mormon Gathers Scattered Israel Addressing Future Readers : Mormon turns his attention to future generations, particularly the Gentiles  and the House of Israel . He pleads with them to learn from the Nephites' downfall and not to fall into the same patterns of wickedness and rejection of God. Prophecy of Scattering : Mormon prophesies that the Nephites, as a remnant of the House of Israel, will be scattered among the nations, but one day they will be gathered again according to the covenant God made with their ancestors. Hebrew word : פָּזַר  ( Pazar ) — "To scatter," "disperse" Pazar  refers to the act of scattering or dispersing people, often as a result of divine judgment. In Mormon 5:8-10 , Mormon describes how the Nephites, as part of Israel, will be scattered among the nations due to their rejection of Christ. Significance : The theme of scattering is central to the covenant between God and Israel. In the Old Testament , God warns Israel that if they break His commandments, they will be scattered among the nations (e.g., Deuteronomy 28:64 ). The Nephites' scattering echoes this covenantal consequence, emphasizing their ties to Israel’s fate. Verses 10-14: Scattering of Israel and Future Redemption What Was Mormon’s Purpose in Writing the Book of Mormon? The Scattering of the Nephites : Mormon emphasizes that the Nephites' destruction is a consequence of their rejection of Christ. He links their fate to the broader prophecy of the scattering of Israel. Hope for Future Redemption : Although the Nephites are scattered, Mormon holds onto the hope that they will one day be gathered and restored through the mercy of God. Hebrew word : חֶסֶד  ( Chesed ) — "Loving-kindness," "mercy" Chesed  refers to God’s covenantal love, kindness, and mercy toward His people. In Mormon 5:11 , Mormon speaks of the mercy that will one day be extended to the scattered remnants of Israel, despite their rebellion. Significance : In the Old Testament , chesed  is central to God’s relationship with Israel. Even when the people fall into sin, God’s mercy remains available if they repent and return to Him (e.g., Psalm 136 ). Mormon’s reference to chesed  underscores the hope that, despite their present destruction, the Nephites will one day receive God’s mercy through His covenant. Verses 15-24: Mormon’s Lament and Final Plea In the Hands of God - Elder Zwick Mormon’s Sorrow for His People : Mormon laments the fate of his people, describing the anguish and suffering they experience as being driven like chaff in the wind, and a vessel in the sea without a sail, steer, or anchor. This was a result of their choices and agency. He addresses both the Nephite remnants and the Gentiles, urging them to learn from the Nephites example, urging them to repent and to come unto Christ. Final Plea for Repentance : Mormon calls upon future readers to turn to the Lord and avoid the same destruction that befell the Nephites. He prophesies that the Gentiles who accept the gospel will play a key role in gathering Israel in the last days.   "Lament"  (Verse 15) Hebrew word : קִינָה  ( Kinah ) — "Lament," "mourning" See previous description of Kinah, which  refers to a formal lament or expression of sorrow, often in response to a national disaster or the death of a people. In Mormon 5:15 , Mormon’s sorrow for his people is a deep lament over their destruction and the lost opportunity for repentance. Significance : Laments were common in ancient Israel when reflecting on national tragedies, such as the destruction of Jerusalem  (e.g., Lamentations 1 ). This was part of the Jewish tradition of mourning, and Mormon’s lament mirrors the traditional biblical laments, as he grieves the fate of his people, knowing that their destruction was preventable. Mormon 6 .In Mormon 6 , we witness the final tragic chapter of the Nephite civilization. Mormon records the final battle between the Nephites and the Lamanites at the hill Cumorah , where the Nephites suffer a devastating defeat. The chapter is filled with sorrow, as Mormon laments the complete destruction of his people. His deep grief for the loss of his nation and their refusal to repent dominates the tone of this chapter, offering a poignant reflection on the consequences of persistent wickedness. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Tragic Destruction of a People : Mormon 6  describes the final destruction of the Nephite civilization, highlighting the consequences of their refusal to repent. The Nephites, once a great and prosperous people, are annihilated due to their wickedness and rejection of Christ. The Two Final Battles Wars in the Book of Mormon Mormon’s Lament : Mormon’s sorrow is palpable throughout the chapter. His deep grief for his people, combined with his frustration over their spiritual stubbornness, creates a tone of profound loss. His lament reflects the sorrow of a prophet who has witnessed the complete downfall of his people. Witness to Future Generations : Despite his sorrow, Mormon looks forward to future generations. He records the Nephites’ destruction as a warning to all nations, pleading with them to repent and avoid the same fate. His final testimony is a witness of Christ’s mercy and a call to repentance. Consequences of Rebellion Against God : The Nephites' destruction illustrates the inevitable consequences of persistent rebellion against God. Despite being blessed with knowledge, prophets, and opportunities to repent, the Nephites’ refusal to turn back to God leads to their total annihilation. Linguistic and Cultural Insights: Cumorah and the Limited Mesoamerican Theory Problems with Probability: A Response The Hebrew Origin of Three Book of Mormon Place-Names Notes and Communications: The Hebrew Origin of Some Book of Mormon Place Names Plausibility, Probability, and the Cumorah Question Sperry, Sidney B. “Were There Two Cumorahs?” Journal of Book of Mormon Studies 4, no. 1 (1995): 260–268. Are There Other Ancient Records Like the Book of Mormon? (Mormon 8:16 ) Is the Book of Mormon Like Other Ancient Metal Documents? Sacred Writing on Metal Plates in the Ancient Mediterranean Metal Plates and the Book of Mormon The Book of Mormon and Other Hidden Books: "Out of Darkness Unto Light" Metallic Documents of Antiquity Ancient Burials of Metal Documents in Stone Boxes Number 24 Some Notes on Book of Mormon Names I Have a Question: If both the Lamanites and the Nephites became wicked in the end, why was one group destroyed while the Lord allowed the other to remain Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Mormon 6 Verses 1-2: Mormon's Final Plea to the Nephites Final Gathering at Cumorah : Mormon describes how he gathers the Nephite people at the hill Cumorah  for what he knows will be their last battle. He pleads with them one last time, urging them to repent, but to no avail. Preparing for Battle : Mormon is realistic about the Nephites’ chances. They are vastly outnumbered and spiritually weak, knowing that this gathering is not to save their civilization, but to face their destruction. "Cumorah"  (Verses 2-6) Where is the Location of the Hill Cumorah? Hebrew word : כּוֹמֶר  ( Komar ) — "Priest," "officiator" (related term) While the word Cumorah  itself is not of Hebrew origin, some scholars suggest that it could have roots in terms related to "priest" or "officiator." The hill Cumorah becomes a symbolic place of finality and judgment for the Nephites, where their fate is sealed. Significance : Cumorah, as the location of the Nephites’ final stand, takes on immense symbolic importance in Book of Mormon  history. It represents both the physical end of a civilization and a spiritual point of no return, where the consequences of their rebellion against God are fully realized. Verses 3-6: The Final Stand of the Nephites A Remnant People Gather : The remaining Nephite gather at the Hill Cumorah in hopes to gain the advantage of the "high ground" Nephite Defenses at Cumorah : Despite the preparation for battle, Mormon knows the Nephites are no match for the overwhelming Lamanite forces. In preparation Mormon secures the records. Where is the Location of the Hill Cumorah? How Are Oliver Cowdery’s Messenger and Advocate Letters to Be Understood and Used? Verses 7-10: The Lamanites Attack Axes The Battle Begins : The Lamanites attack the Nephite forces with overwhelming numbers. Mormon records that tens of thousands of Nephites are slaughtered in the battle, marking the beginning of the end. Overwhelming Losses : The chapter describes the extreme devastation suffered by the Nephites, with thousands falling in battle. "Destroyed"  (Verse 7) Greek word : ἀπόλλυμι  ( Apollumi ) — "death," "To destroy," "to perish" Apollumi  refers to complete destruction or ruin, often used to describe both physical and spiritual destruction. In Mormon 6:7 , the Nephites are utterly destroyed by the Lamanites, reflecting not only their physical defeat but also their spiritual demise. Significance : The Nephites' destruction is complete—both their civilization and their relationship with God are shattered. The term apollumi  often carries a sense of finality, as seen in John 3:16  where those who do not accept Christ face eternal destruction. Verses 11-17: Mormon’s Grief How Could So Many People Have Died at the Battle of Cumorah? Lament for His People : Mormon and 24 others survive the battle, including Moroni. Mormon's grief is profound as he recounts the slaughter of his people. He mourns not only the loss of lives but also the lost potential for repentance and redemption. His sorrow reflects the depth of his love for his people and his frustration at their persistent wickedness. Falling Cities and Peoples : Mormon lists the many Nephite cities and tribes that have been completely destroyed, reinforcing the completeness of the Nephites’ downfall . Hebrew word : רִבּוֹת  ( Ribboth ) — "Tens of thousands," "multitudes" Ribboth  refers to vast numbers or multitudes, often used to describe large groups of people. In Mormon 6:7-10 , Mormon describes the tens of thousands of Nephites who fall in battle. Significance : The use of this term emphasizes the sheer scale of the destruction. The Nephites' fall is not a small or isolated event, but the complete annihilation of an entire people, fulfilling the prophecies of their destruction. Attestation of Josh Symbolism of the Numbers 12 and 24 Verses 17-20: Oh Ye Fair Ones! How Did Mormon React to Seeing His People Slain? Mormon’s Lament in the Form of a Poetic Song : Mormon expresses deep sorrow over the fate of his people. His lament is both personal and national, reflecting on how the Nephites ("Fair ones") had been blessed with light, the gospel, prophets, and with knowledge of Christ, but they chose to reject it. Missed Opportunities : Mormon reflects on how the Nephites were once a great and favored people of the Lord, but their rebellion and refusal to repent led them to this point of destruction. “O Ye Fair Ones” — Revisited “To Stir Them Up in the Ways of Remembrance”: Lamanites and Memory in the Book of Mormon Verses 20-22: A Final Message to Future Readers Warning to Future Generations : In his grief, Mormon directs a final message to future generations as well as those he lost, including the descendants of the Lamanites . He implores them to learn from the Nephites’ fate, urging them to turn to Christ and avoid the same path of destruction. He reminds us that that our mortal bodies ( thanos , moot ) will one day become immortal ( athanasia , aphthartos ) and that we will have to face our final judgement before Christ. Mormon’s Witness : Mormon testifies that the Nephites' destruction is a result of their rejection of God and calls upon future readers to heed his warning to repent and turn to God so that we will not meet a an even worse fate when we stand before our Maker and our Redeemer. "Repent"  (Verse 16) Greek word : μετάνοια  ( Metanoia ) — "Repentance," "change of heart" Metanoia  refers to a transformative change of heart and mind, leading to a turning away from sin and toward God. In Mormon 6:16 , Mormon reflects on how the Nephites refused to repent, leading to their destruction. Significance : The Nephites’ failure to experience true metanoia  is central to their downfall. Despite numerous warnings and opportunities to repent, their hearts remained hardened, illustrating the importance of repentance in avoiding spiritual destruction. Church Videos & Resources 3 Nephi - Moroni Talks and References This Month in Come Follow Me Games, Stories, & Activities for Kids Book of Mormon Videos Images Scripture Central Study Guide The study guide with the Reading Plan is now up under the Scripture Central Podcast Materials BYU’s RSC The “Author” and the “Finisher” of the Book of Mormon Preparing for the Judgment Mormon, the Man and the Message

CFM : August 12–18 Alma 48–52  Videos, Podcasts, & Weekly Lesson Material Media ​Lesson Extension Scripture Central Alma 43-52 Scripture Study Insights Insights with Taylor and Tyler: Revisited Scripture Insights Study Guide Follow Him Alma 43-52 Part 1 Part 2 Transcripts Line Upon Line Alma 43-52 ( not yet posted ) Teaching with Power Alma 43-52 ​ Teaching Bundle for Book of Mormon, available on Etsy. Don't Miss This Alma 43-52 Book of Mormon Matters with John W Welch and Lynne Hilton Wilson Alma 43-52 John W. Welch Notes ( Alma 43-52 ) ​Unshaken Alma 43-52 ​The Interpreter Foundation Alma 43-52 ​Commentary by John Claybaugh ​Teaching Helps with John Hilton Alma 43-47 , 48-56 The Book of Mormon, A Master Class Alma 30-31: Exposing the Enemies of Christ ​Scripture Gems Alma 43-52 Book of Mormon Map Come Follow Up Alma 43-52 The Scriptures Are Real Alma 43-52 Surviving the Spiritual Assassins Around Us Latter Day Kids Alma 43-52 The Broken Window Scripture Explorers Alma 43-52 The Title of Liberty Gospel for Kids Alma  43-52 Captain Moroni and Zarahemnah ,   The Title of Liberty ​Talking Scripture Alma 43-52 Lessons from the War Chapters 1 Lessons from the War Chapters 2 Lessons from the War Chapters 3 Lessons from the War Chapters 4 Lessons from the War Chapters 5 Lessons from the War Chapters 6 Show Notes Book of Mormon Minute, Brant A. Gardner Vol. 2 Volume 3: Alma Alma 43 Alma 44 Alma 45 Alma 46 Alma 47 Alma 48 Alma 49 Alma 50 Alma 51 Alma 52 Saving Talents: Devotionals & FHE for Children Alma 43-52 Grounded with Barbara Morgan Alma 43-52 Our Mothers Knew It Alma 43-52 Insights Object Lesson Hurricane Utah Adult Religion Class , Book of Mormon Alma 43-63 THE ZORAMITE₂, AMALICKIAHITE & LAMANITE WARS Video Notes Slides Resources and Insights for this Week's Lesson   The Book of Mormon: A Cultural and Religious Dialogue A continuation... Discussions on the Book of Mormon – Alma 51-63 Overview Overview Alma 48 Alma 48 highlights the ongoing preparations for war between the Nephites, led by Captain Moroni, and the Lamanites, now under the control of Amalickiah. This chapter emphasizes the righteousness, faith, and leadership of Captain Moroni, who is depicted as an ideal military leader devoted to the defense of his people’s liberty, families, and religion. The chapter contrasts the motivations and strategies of Captain Moroni with the wickedness and ambition of Amalickiah, setting the stage for the impending conflict. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Righteous Leadership vs. Wicked Leadership : The chapter contrasts the righteous leadership of Captain Moroni with the wicked ambitions of Amalickiah. Leadership and Integrity : Encourages readers to seek and uphold leaders who demonstrate integrity, righteousness, and a commitment to the well-being of their people. Historical Examples of Righteous Leadership : Explore historical figures who, like Moroni, led with righteousness and a commitment to their people’s well-being. Defense of Liberty and Faith : The defense of liberty and faith is central to Moroni’s actions and motivations. Defense of Liberty in History : Consider the defense of liberty in history and how those examples can inspire modern readers. Preparation for Conflict : The chapter emphasizes the importance of both spiritual and physical preparation in defending against external threats. Exemplary Character : Moroni is presented as an exemplary leader, whose faith, righteousness, and love of liberty are to be emulated. Defense of Values : Inspires readers to stand firm in defending their values, liberties, and faith, just as Moroni and the Nephites did. Contrast Between Good and Evil : Provides a powerful example of the contrast between good and evil, and the importance of choosing righteousness. Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Alma 48 Verses 1-7: Amalickiah’s War Preparations Amalickiah’s Command : Amalickiah, now king of the Lamanites, commands his armies to prepare for war against the Nephites. Lamanite Mobilization : Under Amalickiah’s orders, the Lamanites begin to gather and arm their forces. Amalickiah’s Motivation : Amalickiah’s desire to gain power and destroy the Nephites drives his preparations for war. Lamanite Strategy : The Lamanite strategy focuses on overwhelming the Nephites through sheer numbers and aggression. Lamanite Fear : Despite their preparations, the Lamanites fear the strength and fortifications of the Nephites. Amalickiah’s Deception : Amalickiah uses deception and manipulation to motivate the Lamanites to fight, despite their reluctance. Nations at War : The stage is set for the inevitable conflict between the Nephites and Lamanites, with Amalickiah fully committed to his war of conquest. Themes Ambition and Power : Amalickiah’s preparations for war are driven by his desire for power and domination. Manipulation and Fear : Amalickiah uses manipulation to overcome the Lamanites’ fear and reluctance to fight. Imminent Conflict : The preparations on both sides underscore the inevitability of the coming war. Verses 8-13: Moroni’s Defense Preparations Moroni’s Preparations : Captain Moroni continues to fortify the Nephite cities, strengthening their defenses against the impending Lamanite attack. Strategic Fortifications : Moroni’s fortifications include building walls of stone and earth, digging ditches, and constructing strongholds at key locations. Defensive Strategy : Moroni’s strategy is defensive, focusing on protecting Nephite lands, families, and religious freedom. Trust in God : Moroni’s preparations are not just military; he also emphasizes the importance of trusting in God and remaining faithful to Him. Moroni’s Leadership : Moroni is depicted as a wise and righteous leader, deeply committed to the welfare of his people. Commitment to Liberty : Moroni’s ultimate goal is to preserve the liberty of the Nephites, defending their way of life against Amalickiah’s aggression. Themes Righteous Leadership : Captain Moroni is portrayed as an ideal leader, combining military strategy with deep faith in God. Defensive Strategy : The Nephites focus on defense, emphasizing the importance of protecting what is sacred to them. Faith and Trust in God : Moroni’s trust in God is central to his leadership, and he encourages the Nephites to rely on divine protection. Verses 14-16: The Nephites’ Motivation Defending Freedom : The Nephites are motivated by the desire to defend their liberty, families, and religion from Lamanite aggression. Moral High Ground : The Nephites see their cause as just and righteous, contrasting their motivations with the greed and ambition of Amalickiah. Unity and Resolve : The Nephites are united in their resolve to defend their lands, inspired by the leadership of Moroni and their shared faith in God. Themes Defense of Liberty : The Nephites’ motivation is rooted in the defense of their fundamental rights and freedoms. Moral Justification : The Nephites view their cause as morally superior to that of the Lamanites, who are driven by Amalickiah’s ambitions. Unity in Purpose : The Nephites’ unity and resolve are key factors in their strength and preparedness for war. Verses 17-18: Captain Moroni’s Character Moroni as an Ideal Leader : Captain Moroni is described as a man of perfect understanding, who is firm in the faith of Christ and dedicated to righteousness. Example of Leadership : Moroni’s leadership is presented as an example for others to follow, combining military skill with spiritual devotion. Moroni’s Faith : Moroni’s faith in Christ is central to his character, guiding his decisions and actions in both military and spiritual matters. Themes Ideal Leadership : Captain Moroni is held up as an ideal leader, whose faith and righteousness are as important as his military prowess. Faith as a Guiding Principle : Moroni’s faith in Christ guides all aspects of his leadership, ensuring that his actions are just and righteous. Righteous Example : Moroni serves as an example of how faith and leadership should be intertwined. Why Did Mormon See Captain Moroni as a Hero? Verses 19-21: The Nephites’ Blessings God’s Favor : The Nephites are blessed by God for their faithfulness, which strengthens their resolve and prepares them for the challenges ahead. Divine Protection : The Nephites believe that as long as they remain faithful to God, they will receive His protection in their battles. Spiritual Preparation : The Nephites not only prepare militarily but also focus on spiritual readiness, seeking God’s guidance and blessings. Themes Divine Favor : The Nephites’ faithfulness brings them blessings and protection from God. Spiritual Readiness : Spiritual preparation is seen as crucial to the Nephites’ success in the coming conflict. Trust in Divine Protection : The Nephites trust that God will protect them as long as they remain faithful. Verses 20-25: The Nephites Prepare for War Nephite Fortifications : The Nephites, under Moroni’s direction, continue to fortify their cities and prepare for the coming conflict with the Lamanites. Spiritual Preparedness : The Nephites focus not only on physical preparations but also on maintaining their spiritual strength through faith and prayer. Moroni’s Command : Moroni ensures that every city is fortified and that the people are united in their defense of liberty. Amalickiah’s Frustration : Amalickiah, despite his preparations, is frustrated by the Nephites’ strength and unity, realizing that the coming conflict will be difficult. Lamanite Invasion : The Lamanite armies, under Amalickiah’s command, begin their march toward Nephite territory, setting the stage for a major conflict. Moroni’s Resolve : Moroni remains resolute in his faith and determination to protect his people, confident that God will aid them in their defense. Themes Preparation and Vigilance : The Nephites’ extensive preparations highlight the importance of being vigilant and prepared in the face of threats. Spiritual and Physical Defense : The emphasis on both spiritual and physical defense underscores the holistic approach needed to protect a nation. Leadership and Unity : Moroni’s leadership is crucial in maintaining the unity and strength of the Nephites as they prepare for war. Overview Alma 49 Alma 49 details the continued conflict between the Nephites, led by Captain Moroni, and the Lamanites, who are incited by Amalickiah. In this chapter, the Lamanites attempt to attack several Nephite cities but are thwarted by the extensive fortifications and preparations made by Moroni. The chapter highlights themes of strategic defense, the importance of preparation, divine protection, and the failure of wicked schemes against a righteous people. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Gratitude and Faith : The Nephites’ gratitude for their deliverance strengthens their faith and unity. Ongoing Vigilance : Despite their victory, the Nephites remain vigilant, recognizing that threats still exist. Strategic Defense : The chapter highlights the importance of strategic defense and preparation in protecting a nation. Fortifications in the Book of Mormon and in Mesoamerica Moral and Spiritual Renewal : The Nephites’ victory leads to a period of renewal and recommitment to their covenants with God. Divine Protection and Gratitude : The Nephites’ victory is attributed to their faithfulness and God’s protection, leading to gratitude and renewed faith. Gratitude and Faith : Highlights the importance of expressing gratitude for divine protection and recognizing God’s hand in our successes. Leadership and Integrity : Emphasizes the need for leaders who prioritize the well-being of their people and act with integrity. Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Alma 49 Verses 1-4: The Lamanites’ Attack on Ammonihah Lamanite Strategy : The Lamanites, under Amalickiah’s influence, plan to attack the city of Ammonihah, expecting an easy victory. Surprise at Ammonihah’s Fortifications : When the Lamanites arrive, they are surprised to find that the city of Ammonihah, previously destroyed, has been extensively fortified. Lamanite Disappointment : The Lamanites are dismayed by the strength of the city’s defenses, realizing they cannot easily conquer it. Decision to Retreat : Seeing the strength of the fortifications, the Lamanites decide to abandon their attack on Ammonihah and target another city instead. Themes Strategic Defense : Moroni’s foresight in fortifying previously vulnerable cities demonstrates the importance of preparation. Divine Protection : The fortification of Ammonihah can be seen as part of God’s protection over the Nephites, as they faithfully follow Moroni’s leadership. Frustration of Wicked Plans : The Lamanites’ failure to conquer Ammonihah illustrates how wicked plans can be thwarted by righteous preparation and divine guidance. Verses 5-9: The Lamanites’ Attack on Noah Attack on Noah : After abandoning their plans to attack Ammonihah, the Lamanites decide to attack the city of Noah, believing it to be a weaker target. Unexpected Fortifications : The Lamanites are again surprised to find that Noah, like Ammonihah, has been extensively fortified under Moroni’s direction. Frustration and Fear : The Lamanites become fearful and frustrated as they realize that Moroni has outsmarted them by fortifying all the cities they expected to be weak. Attempted Assault : Despite their fear, the Lamanites attempt to attack Noah, but their efforts are met with strong resistance. Lamanite Defeat : The Lamanites suffer heavy losses in their attack on Noah, leading to their eventual retreat. Themes Strategic Mastery : Moroni’s ability to predict and counter the Lamanites’ strategies highlights his military genius. Divine Favor : The success of the Nephites in defending their cities is attributed to their faithfulness and God’s favor. Consequences of Wickedness : The Lamanites’ defeat underscores the futility of wicked schemes against a righteous and prepared people. Why are There So Many War Chapters in the Book of Mormon? Verses 10-13: Moroni’s Defensive Preparations Strength of Nephite Fortifications : The text emphasizes the strength of the Nephite fortifications, which include high walls, trenches, and other defensive structures. Role of Faith and Righteousness : The Nephites’ defensive success is linked not only to their physical preparations but also to their faith and righteousness. Preparation of the People : Moroni ensures that the Nephite people are well-prepared, both physically and spiritually, to withstand any attacks from the Lamanites. Moral and Spiritual Strength : The chapter highlights the moral and spiritual strength of the Nephites, which plays a crucial role in their ability to defend their lands. Themes Importance of Preparation : The chapter emphasizes the importance of being prepared both physically and spiritually for challenges. Moral and Spiritual Strength : The Nephites’ success is attributed to their moral and spiritual fortitude, in addition to their physical defenses. Leadership and Unity : Moroni’s leadership is crucial in maintaining the unity and strength of the Nephite people. Verses 14-18: The Lamanites’ Failure and Retreat Lamanite Desperation : The Lamanites, realizing the strength of the Nephite defenses, become desperate and begin to retreat. Lamanite Frustration : The Lamanites are frustrated and demoralized by their inability to conquer the Nephite cities. Nephite Victory : The Nephites successfully defend their cities without significant losses, thanks to their fortifications and divine protection. Retreat of the Lamanites : The Lamanites retreat from the Nephite lands, having failed in their attempts to conquer the fortified cities. Moroni’s Triumph : Captain Moroni’s strategic brilliance and preparation are evident as the Nephites celebrate their victory over the Lamanites. Themes Divine Protection and Victory : The Nephites’ victory is seen as a result of both their preparation and God’s protection. The Power of Righteousness : The chapter emphasizes that righteousness and faithfulness bring strength and victory, even against formidable enemies. Strategic Retreat : The Lamanites’ retreat signifies the failure of their wicked plans and the success of the Nephites’ righteous defense. Verses 19-23: Amalickiah’s Rage and Vow of Vengeance Amalickiah’s Anger : Amalickiah is furious when he learns of the Lamanites’ defeat and the Nephites’ successful defense. Blaming the Lamanite Leaders : Amalickiah blames the Lamanite leaders for their failure, accusing them of cowardice and incompetence. Vow of Vengeance : Amalickiah swears vengeance against the Nephites, vowing to continue his campaign until he conquers them. Amalickiah’s Determination : Despite the setbacks, Amalickiah remains determined to achieve his goals, plotting new strategies to defeat the Nephites. Ruthlessness : The chapter highlights Amalickiah’s ruthless ambition and his willingness to sacrifice anyone to achieve his objectives. Themes Rage and Vengeance : Amalickiah’s anger and vow of vengeance illustrate the destructive power of unchecked ambition and pride. Blame and Division : Amalickiah’s willingness to blame others for his failures highlights the division and instability within the Lamanite leadership. Ruthless Ambition : Amalickiah’s ruthless determination foreshadows further conflict and highlights the dangers of power-hungry leadership. What Was the Nature of Nephite Fortifications? Watch Towers and Strong Holds Fortifications Verses 24-30: The Nephites’ Continued Vigilance and Gratitude Continued Vigilance : Despite their victory, the Nephites remain vigilant, aware that Amalickiah is still a threat. Gratitude for Deliverance : The Nephites express gratitude to God for their deliverance and the success of their defensive efforts. Strengthening Faith : The Nephites’ faith is strengthened as they recognize the hand of God in their victory. Moral and Spiritual Renewal : The victory leads to a period of moral and spiritual renewal among the Nephites, as they recommit to their covenants with God. Unity and Peace : The Nephites experience a period of peace and unity, thanks to their successful defense and divine protection. Preparation for Future Threats : Captain Moroni continues to prepare the Nephites for any future threats, ensuring that their defenses remain strong. Acknowledgment of God’s Hand : The chapter concludes with a reminder that the Nephites’ success is due to their faithfulness and God’s protection. Themes Gratitude and Faith : The Nephites’ gratitude for their deliverance strengthens their faith and unity. Ongoing Vigilance : Despite their victory, the Nephites remain vigilant, recognizing that threats still exist. Moral and Spiritual Renewal : The Nephites’ victory leads to a period of renewal and recommitment to their covenants with God. Divine Protection : The chapter emphasizes that the Nephites’ success is a result of God’s protection and their righteousness. Overview Alma 50 Alma 50 continues the narrative of the Nephites' preparation for and defense against the Lamanites. Under Captain Moroni’s leadership, the Nephites fortify their cities and expand their territory, enjoying a period of peace and prosperity. However, internal conflicts arise due to the ambitions of Morianton, leading to further challenges for the Nephites. The chapter emphasizes themes of righteous leadership, preparation, expansion, internal strife, and the blessings of peace and prosperity when the people are faithful. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Righteous Leadership and Preparation : The importance of righteous leadership and preparation in maintaining peace and security is emphasized throughout the chapter. Blessings of Peace and Prosperity : The Nephites’ peace and prosperity are portrayed as blessings from God, resulting from their faithfulness. Gratitude for Peace and Prosperity : Inspires readers to recognize and be grateful for the blessings of peace and prosperity in their lives, attributing these blessings to God’s favor. Gratitude and Spiritual Growth : Consider how gratitude for peace and prosperity can lead to spiritual growth and a deeper relationship with God. The Importance of Unity : Encourages readers to work towards unity and cooperation within their communities, avoiding internal divisions that can undermine peace. Internal Threats to Unity : The chapter highlights the dangers of internal threats to unity and liberty, such as the ambitions of the king-men. Vigilance Against Internal Threats : Highlights the importance of being vigilant against internal threats to liberty and freedom, such as ambition and dissension. The Importance of Vigilance in Protecting Liberty : Reflect on the importance of vigilance in protecting liberty and freedom from internal and external threats. The Nephite Judges Divine Favor and Protection : The Nephites recognize that their peace and prosperity are due to God’s favor and protection. Geographical Observations: Interpreting “Mormon’s Geographical Map” via Alma 22:27–35 and Alma 50:1–36 References to Nephite Fortifications Recorded in the Book of Mormon Cities and Lands in the Book of Mormon Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Alma 50 Verses 1-6: Strengthening the Nephite Cities 1. Moroni’s Ongoing Fortifications : Captain Moroni continues to fortify the Nephite cities, building walls of stone and earth to protect against Lamanite attacks. 2. Improving Fortifications : Moroni adds additional defenses, including building towers and strengthening fortifications in key locations. 3. Fortification of Cities : The Nephites fortify not just one, but all of their cities, ensuring that their entire territory is protected. 4. Expansion of Territory : The Nephites also expand their territory, building new cities and settling previously unoccupied lands. 5. Peace and Prosperity : As a result of their preparations, the Nephites experience a period of peace and prosperity, free from Lamanite attacks. 6. Divine Protection : The Nephites recognize that their peace and prosperity are blessings from God, resulting from their faithfulness and preparations. Themes Preparation and Fortification : The importance of preparation and fortification is emphasized as the Nephites strengthen their cities and expand their territory. Divine Blessings : The Nephites’ peace and prosperity are seen as blessings from God, linked to their faithfulness and righteous leadership. Expansion and Growth : The expansion of Nephite territory during this period of peace highlights the blessings of diligent preparation and unity. What Was the Nature of Nephite Fortifications? Verses 7-11: The Challenge of Morianton 7. Morianton’s Ambition : Morianton, a leader of a Nephite faction, begins to stir up trouble, seeking to claim more land for himself and his followers. 8. Dispute Over Land : A dispute arises between Morianton’s people and the people of Lehi over the boundaries of their lands. 9. Morianton’s Aggression : Morianton threatens violence and seeks to take the land by force, leading to increased tension and potential conflict. 10. Morianton’s Flight : Realizing that his actions will likely lead to conflict with the Nephite government, Morianton decides to flee with his followers to the land northward. 11. Report t o Moroni : The people of Lehi report Morianton’s actions to Captain Moroni, seeking his help in resolving the conflict. Themes Internal Strife : The ambitions of Morianton create internal strife among the Nephites, threatening their unity and peace. Leadership and Responsibility : Morianton’s actions contrast with Moroni’s leadership, highlighting the importance of responsible leadership in maintaining peace. Conflict Resolution : The chapter emphasizes the need for wise and just leadership in resolving internal conflicts and preventing them from escalating. Cities and Lands in the Book of Mormon Verses 12-16: Captain Moroni’s Response to Morianton 12. Moroni’s Strategy : Captain Moroni, upon hearing of Morianton’s actions, acts quickly to prevent Morianton from causing further division. 13. Sending Teancum : Moroni sends his trusted officer, Teancum, with an army to intercept Morianton and his followers before they can reach the land northward. 14. Teancum’s Success : Teancum successfully intercepts Morianton’s group, resulting in a battle in which Morianton is slain. 15. Morianton’s Followers Surrender : After Morianton’s death, his followers surrender and are brought back to the land of Lehi, where they are allowed to live in peace under Nephite law. 16. Reconciliation and Peace : The conflict is resolved peacefully, and the Nephites return to a state of unity and cooperation, averting further internal strife. Themes Swift and Just Leadership : Moroni’s quick and decisive action in dealing with Morianton prevents further division and maintains peace. Resolution and Reconciliation : The peaceful resolution of the conflict after Morianton’s death emphasizes the importance of reconciliation and unity. Role of Trusted Leaders : The success of Teancum in this mission highlights the value of trusted and capable leaders in maintaining order and peace. Cities and Lands in the Book of Mormon Verses 17-24: Continued Peace and Prosperity 17. Period of Peace : Following the resolution of the Morianton conflict, the Nephites enjoy a continued period of peace and prosperity. 18. Faithfulness and Righteousness : The Nephites attribute their peace and prosperity to their faithfulness in keeping the commandments of God. 19. Strengthening of Nephite Society : The Nephite society is strengthened during this time, with increased wealth, unity, and security. 20. God’s Favor : The Nephites recognize that their blessings are a result of God’s favor, given in response to their righteousness. 21. Expanding the Church : The Church continues to grow and flourish among the Nephites, further strengthening their society. 22. Unity and Cooperation : The Nephites work together in unity, avoiding the internal divisions that had previously threatened their peace. 23. No Lamanite Attacks : During this period, the Lamanites do not attack the Nephites, allowing them to focus on building and strengthening their society. 24. Blessings of Peace : The chapter emphasizes the many blessings that come from peace, including economic prosperity, social stability, and spiritual growth. Themes Blessings of Righteousness : The peace and prosperity of the Nephites are directly linked to their faithfulness and righteousness. Growth and Strengthening : The Nephite society grows stronger during this period, benefiting from their unity and cooperation. Divine Favor : The chapter highlights the importance of maintaining God’s favor through righteousness, which brings peace and prosperity. Verses 25-30: Threat of Internal Dissension 25. Ambitions of the King-Men : Despite the peace, internal dissension begins to arise as some Nephites, known as the king-men, seek to establish a monarchy. 26. Dissatisfaction and Division : The king-men are dissatisfied with the current system of judges and seek to overthrow the government to establish a king. 27. Threat to Liberty : The king-men’s ambitions threaten the liberty and freedom of the Nephites, leading to potential conflict. 28. Division Among the Nephites : The division between the king-men and the rest of the Nephites creates tension and threatens the peace and stability of the society. 29. Moral and Spiritual Decline : The rise of the king-men reflects a moral and spiritual decline among some of the Nephites, leading to increased internal conflict. 30. Preparation for Future Conflict : The chapter concludes with the Nephites remaining vigilant, aware of the growing internal threat and the potential for future conflict with the Lamanites. Themes Threats to Liberty : The ambitions of the king-men pose a serious threat to the Nephites’ liberty and freedom. Internal Dissension : The rise of internal dissension highlights the challenges of maintaining unity and peace in a growing society. Moral and Spiritual Vigilance : The chapter emphasizes the need for moral and spiritual vigilance to prevent internal conflicts from undermining society. Women in the Book of Mormon Verses 31-40: The Continued Expansion of Nephite Lands 31. Nephite Expansion : Despite internal and external threats, the Nephites continue to expand their territory, settling new lands and establishing new cities. 32. Establishment of New Cities : The Nephites establish several new cities in the land northward, continuing their expansion and growth. 33. Building of New Fortifications : As they expand, the Nephites build new fortifications to protect these new cities from potential Lamanite attacks. 34. Importance of Unity : The Nephites recognize that their continued success depends on their unity and cooperation, despite the challenges they face. 35. Divine Favor : The Nephites continue to recognize that their success and expansion are the result of God’s favor and protection. 36. The King-Men’s Discontent : Despite the general peace and prosperity, the king-men continue to harbor discontent, posing a growing threat to the stability of Nephite society. 37. Moroni’s Leadership : Captain Moroni remains vigilant, aware of the internal and external threats, and continues to lead the Nephites in their efforts to maintain peace and security. 38. Potential for Future Conflict : The chapter ends with a sense of foreboding, as the internal divisions and external threats suggest that future conflicts are likely. 39. Nephite Vigilance : Despite the peace, the Nephites remain vigilant, aware that their continued success depends on their unity, faithfulness, and preparedness. 40. Commitment to Liberty : The Nephites reaffirm their commitment to defending their liberty, even as they face growing internal and external challenges. Themes Expansion and Fortification : The continued expansion and fortification of Nephite lands reflect the blessings of unity and preparation. Divine Protection and Favor : The Nephites attribute their success to God’s protection and favor, recognizing the importance of faithfulness. Threats to Stability : The ongoing threat of internal dissension and external attacks highlights the need for continued vigilance and unity. Nephihah as Chief Judge: Years 9–24 of the Reign of the Judges Pahoran as Chief Judge: Years 25–39 of the Reign of the Judges Overview Alma 51 Alma 51 focuses on the internal strife among the Nephites caused by the rise of the king-men, a faction seeking to overthrow the Nephite government and establish a monarchy. This internal conflict weakens the Nephites, making them vulnerable to Lamanite attacks led by Amalickiah. Captain Moroni and his forces must contend with both the king-men and the invading Lamanites. The chapter emphasizes themes of the dangers of internal division, the importance of unity, the defense of liberty, and the relentless ambition of Amalickiah. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: The Dangers of Internal Division : The rise of the king-men and their refusal to defend their country highlight the dangers of internal division and dissent. The Importance of Unity in Defense and Times of Crisis : The chapter emphasizes the need for unity among the Nephites in order to effectively defend their liberty and territory. The Consequences of Ambition and Division : Warns of the dangers of selfish ambition and internal division, which can weaken communities and make them vulnerable to external threats. Leadership and Strategic Warfare : Captain Moroni’s leadership and strategic acumen are central to the Nephites’ ability to counter the Lamanite invasion. Legal Cases and Procedures in the Book of Mormon Bravery and Sacrifice : The bravery of leaders like Teancum plays a crucial role in the success of the Nephite military efforts. Geography Insights: Book of Mormon Objective Geographic Standard No. 2: Relationships of City Bountiful, Mulek, the East Sea, and Zarahemla Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Alma 51 Verses 1-8: The Rise of the King-Men 1. Ambition of the King-Men : A group of Nephites, known as the king-men, seek to overthrow the government of the judges and establish a monarchy. 2. Pahoran’s Leadership : Pahoran, the chief judge, opposes the king-men, defending the current system of judges and the Nephite constitution. 3. King-Men vs. Free-Men : The Nephite population is divided between the king-men, who want a monarchy, and the free-men, who support the existing government of judges. 4. Call fo r a Vote : The matter is brought before the people, who vote on whether to keep the system of judges or to establish a king. 5. Free-Men’s Victory : The majority of the people vote in favor of retaining the system of judges, thus rejecting the king-men’s proposal. 6. Anger of the King-Men : The king-men, angered by their defeat, refuse to take up arms in defense of their country, leading to further division. 7. Internal Strife : The refusal of the king-men to support the government causes significant internal strife and weakens the Nephites’ ability to defend themselves. 8. Pahoran’s Plea for Unity : Pahoran pleads for unity among the Nephites, recognizing the danger posed by internal division. Themes Internal Division : The rise of the king-men creates dangerous internal divisions among the Nephites, weakening their ability to defend themselves. Defense of Liberty : The free-men’s victory in the vote represents the defense of Nephite liberty and the rejection of tyranny. The Dangers of Ambition : The king-men’s ambition and refusal to support the government highlight the dangers of internal dissent and selfish ambition. Why Would Pahoran Not Allow the Law to Be Amended? Verses 9-13: Amalickiah’s Invasion 9. Amalickiah’s Opportunity : Amalickiah seizes the opportunity created by the internal strife among the Nephites to launch an invasion. 10. Lamanite Invasion : The Lamanite army, led by Amalickiah, invades Nephite territory, targeting the weakened cities. 11. King-Men’s Refusal to Fight : The king-men refuse to defend their country, leaving the Nephites vulnerable to the Lamanite attack. 12. Lamanite Conquest : The Lamanites quickly conquer several Nephite cities, taking advantage of the internal division. 13. Amalickiah’s Ambition : Amalickiah continues his relentless pursuit of power, seeking to conquer all of Nephite territory. Themes Exploitation of Division : Amalickiah exploits the internal division among the Nephites to achieve his goals, illustrating the dangers of disunity. Consequences of Dissent : The king-men’s refusal to defend their country directly contributes to the Lamanite victories, showing the consequences of internal dissent. Relentless Ambition : Amalickiah’s relentless ambition and desire for power drive the Lamanite invasion and conquest of Nephite cities. Verses 14-22: Captain Moroni’s Response 14. Moroni’s Anger : Captain Moroni is angered by the king-men’s treachery and their refusal to defend their country. 15. Request for Emergency Powers : Moroni requests emergency powers from Pahoran, the chief judge, to deal with the king-men and defend the Nephites against the Lamanites. 16. Pahoran’s Support : Pahoran grants Moroni the requested powers, recognizing the need for strong leadership in the face of the crisis. 17. Moroni’s Mobilization : Moroni quickly mobilizes his forces to deal with the king-men and to defend the Nephite cities. 18. March Against the King-Men : Moroni marches against the king-men, determined to put an end to their rebellion and restore unity among the Nephites. 19. Defeat of the King-Men : Moroni’s forces defeat the king-men in battle, capturing their leaders and putting an end to their rebellion. 20. Execution of the Traitors : The leaders of the king-men are executed for their treason, while those who repent are spared and allowed to rejoin Nephite society. 21. Restoration of Order : With the king-men defeated, order is restored among the Nephites, allowing them to focus on defending against the Lamanites. 22. Moroni’s Strategic Focus : Moroni turns his attention back to the Lamanite threat, determined to reclaim the cities that have been lost. Themes Strong Leadership : Moroni’s decisive leadership is crucial in quelling the king-men’s rebellion and restoring order among the Nephites. Justice and Mercy : The execution of the king-men’s leaders and the sparing of those who repent highlight the balance between justice and mercy in Moroni’s leadership. Unity and Defense : The restoration of unity among the Nephites is essential for their ability to defend themselves against the Lamanites. Why Did Moroni Speak of Pulling Down Pride? Verses 23-29: The Recapture of Nephite Cities 23. Lamanite Control of Nephite Cities : The Lamanites, led by Amalickiah, continue to hold several Nephite cities, strengthening their defenses. 24. Moroni’s Counteroffensive : With the internal threat of the king-men neutralized, Moroni leads a counteroffensive to recapture the Nephite cities taken by the Lamanites. 25. Teancum’s Valor : Teancum, one of Moroni’s most trusted officers, plays a key role in the recapture of the cities, showing great courage and strategic skill. 26. Recapture of Mulek : Moroni and Teancum successfully recapture the city of Mulek from the Lamanites, dealing a significant blow to Amalickiah’s forces. 27. Moroni’s Strategic Victories : Moroni continues to recapture other Nephite cities, steadily weakening the Lamanite hold on Nephite territory. 28. Amalickiah’s Frustration : Amalickiah is frustrated by the Nephite counteroffensive, realizing that his plans are being thwarted by Moroni’s leadership. 28. Nephite Determination : The Nephites, under Moroni’s leadership, remain determined to reclaim all of their lost cities and to defend their liberty. Themes Strategic Warfare : Moroni’s strategic brilliance is evident in the successful recapture of Nephite cities from the Lamanites. Valor and Leadership : The valor of Nephite leaders like Teancum plays a crucial role in the success of their military efforts. Determination to Reclaim Liberty : The Nephites’ determination to reclaim their lost cities reflects their commitment to defending their liberty and way of life. Verses 30-37: Teancum’s Assassination of Amalickiah 30. Teancum’s Determination : Teancum, driven by a desire to end the war and protect his people, decides to take drastic action against Amalickiah. 31. Nighttime Infiltration : Teancum infiltrates the Lamanite camp at night, determined to assassinate Amalickiah. 32. Assassination of Amalickiah : Teancum successfully kills Amalickiah in his sleep, ending the life of one of the Nephites’ greatest enemies. 33. Lamanite Panic : The Lamanite forces are thrown into disarray upon discovering that their leader, Amalickiah, has been assassinated. 34. Teancum’s Retreat : After the assassination, Teancum quickly retreats back to the Nephite camp, avoiding capture by the Lamanites. 35. Moroni’s Praise for Teancum : Moroni praises Teancum for his bravery and strategic action, recognizing the significance of Amalickiah’s death. 36. Lamanite Leadership Crisis : The death of Amalickiah creates a leadership crisis among the Lamanites, weakening their resolve and effectiveness in battle. 37. Nephite Resolve : The Nephites, bolstered by Teancum’s success, prepare to continue their efforts to drive the Lamanites out of their territory and to restore peace. Themes Bravery and Sacrifice : Teancum’s bravery and willingness to sacrifice himself for the greater good are central to the success of the Nephite efforts. Decisive Action : The assassination of Amalickiah is a decisive action that significantly impacts the course of the war, highlighting the importance of bold and strategic moves in times of crisis. Leadership and Morale : The death of Amalickiah creates a leadership vacuum among the Lamanites, demonstrating the impact of leadership on the morale and effectiveness of an army. Why Did Teancum Slay Amalickiah on New Year’s Eve? Assassination on New Year’s Eve Overview Alma 52 Alma 52 continues the conflict between the Nephites and the Lamanites, following the death of Amalickiah. The Lamanites, now led by Amalickiah’s brother Ammoron, continue to pose a significant threat to the Nephites. Captain Moroni, Teancum, and other Nephite leaders work together to reclaim the Nephite cities that have been captured by the Lamanites. The chapter highlights themes of strategic warfare, the importance of leadership and unity, and the ongoing struggle to defend liberty. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Leadership and Strategy : The chapter highlights the importance of strong leadership and strategic planning in warfare and defense. It encourages readers to engage in strategic planning and preparation in their own lives, recognizing the importance of foresight and coordination. Nephite Captains and Armies Unity and Coordination : The unity and coordination among Nephite leaders are key to their success in defending their territory and people. Resilience and Vigilance in Ongoing Conflict and Vigilance : Inspires readers to remain resilient and vigilant in the face of ongoing challenges, recognizing that success requires continued effort and attention especially through ongoing conflict and adversities. Cultural insights: Maya Harvest Festivals and the Book of Mormon: Annual FARMS Lecture New Year's Celebrations Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Alma 52 Verses 1-8: Leadership of Ammoron and the Lamanite Strategy 1. Ammoron Takes Command : After the death of Amalickiah, his brother Ammoron takes command of the Lamanite forces. 2. Ammoron’s Vow of Vengeance : Ammoron, determined to avenge his brother’s death, renews the Lamanite resolve to continue the war against the Nephites. 3. Lamanite Occupation : The Lamanites continue to occupy several Nephite cities, maintaining strongholds in key locations. 4. Strategic Defense : The Lamanites focus on fortifying the cities they have captured, preparing for Nephite attempts to reclaim them. 5. Teancum’s Patrol : Teancum and his forces patrol the borders to monitor Lamanite movements and prevent further incursions. 6. Waiting for Reinforcements : Teancum, recognizing the strength of the Lamanite forces, decides to wait for reinforcements from Captain Moroni before launching a counterattack. 7. Moroni’s Reinforcements : Captain Moroni gathers additional forces to support Teancum and prepare for the effort to reclaim the captured cities. 8. Unity Among Nephite Leaders : Moroni, Teancum, and Lehi work together in a unified effort to defend their lands and reclaim what has been lost. Themes Leadership and Resolve : Ammoron’s leadership and determination to continue the war contrast with the unified and righteous leadership of Moroni, Teancum, and Lehi. Strategic Warfare : The importance of strategic planning and timing in warfare is emphasized as the Nephites prepare to reclaim their cities. Unity in Defense : The unity among Nephite leaders is crucial in organizing a coordinated defense and counterattack. Verses 9-19: The Recapture of Mulek 9. Lamanite Stronghold in Mulek : The city of Mulek remains a significant Lamanite stronghold, heavily fortified and strategically important. 10. Moroni’s Strategy : Captain Moroni devises a strategy to reclaim Mulek without unnecessary bloodshed, emphasizing cunning over brute force. 11. Feigned Retreat : Moroni sends a small force under Teancum to draw the Lamanites out of Mulek by pretending to retreat. 12. Lamanite Pursuit : The Lamanites, led by a confident leader, pursue Teancum’s forces, leaving Mulek vulnerable. 13. Nephite Ambush : While the Lamanites are drawn out, Moroni and Lehi lead a second Nephite force to ambush the Lamanites from behind, cutting off their retreat. 14. Recapture of Mulek : The Nephites successfully reclaim Mulek with minimal losses, outmaneuvering the Lamanites and securing a key victory. 15. Mulek Secured : Moroni and Lehi secure the city of Mulek, reinforcing its defenses to prevent any future Lamanite assaults. 16. Lamanite Confusion : The Lamanites, realizing they have been outmaneuvered, are thrown into confusion and suffer heavy casualties. 17. Leadership in Battle : Moroni’s leadership and tactical planning are highlighted as crucial factors in the Nephites’ success. 18. Moral Victory : The Nephites not only reclaim Mulek but do so in a manner that minimizes unnecessary bloodshed, reflecting their moral high ground. 19. Divine Favor : The success of the Nephites is attributed to their faith in God, recognizing divine assistance in their victory. Themes Cunning and Strategy : Moroni’s use of strategy and deception to recapture Mulek highlights the importance of intelligent planning in warfare. Leadership in Action : The coordinated efforts of Moroni, Teancum, and Lehi demonstrate effective leadership and teamwork. Victory Through Unity : The successful recapture of Mulek underscores the power of unity and strategic collaboration among the Nephite leaders. Verses 20-27: Ammoron’s Counterattack and Teancum’s Defense 20. Ammoron’s Anger : Ammoron is enraged by the loss of Mulek and vows to continue the war against the Nephites with even greater intensity. 21. Lamanite Forces Regroup : Ammoron orders the Lamanite forces to regroup and prepare for a counterattack, focusing on the city of Bountiful. 22. Teancum’s Defense of Bountiful : Teancum, anticipating the Lamanite counterattack, fortifies the city of Bountiful and prepares his forces for the impending battle. 23. Ammoron’s Attack on Bountiful : Ammoron leads a direct assault on Bountiful, hoping to overwhelm Teancum’s defenses. 24. Teancum’s Resilience : Despite the intensity of the Lamanite attack, Teancum and his forces hold firm, repelling the Lamanite forces and preventing them from taking the city. 25. Bountiful Secured : Teancum secures the city of Bountiful, ensuring that it remains under Nephite control despite Ammoron’s efforts. 26. Lamanite Retreat : Realizing they cannot breach the defenses of Bountiful, the Lamanites are forced to retreat, suffering significant losses. 27. Teancum’s Praise : Teancum is praised for his resilience and leadership in successfully defending Bountiful from the Lamanite onslaught. Themes Resilience in Defense : Teancum’s ability to defend Bountiful against a determined Lamanite attack highlights the importance of resilience and preparation. Ongoing Conflict : The chapter emphasizes the ongoing nature of the conflict, with each victory requiring continued vigilance and defense. Leadership and Courage : Teancum’s leadership and courage are central to the Nephites’ ability to withstand the Lamanite counterattack. Verses 28-40: Nephite Plans for Continued Defense and War 28. Moroni’s Plans for Defense : Captain Moroni continues to plan and prepare for the defense of Nephite cities, recognizing the need for ongoing vigilance. 29. Reinforcing Nephite Cities : Moroni sends additional forces to reinforce the defenses of key Nephite cities, including Bountiful and Mulek. 30. Coordination Among Nephite Leaders : Moroni, Teancum, and Lehi coordinate their efforts, ensuring that all key positions are adequately defended and prepared for further conflict. 31. Strategic Planning for the Future : The Nephite leaders discuss long-term strategies to weaken the Lamanites and secure lasting peace. 32. Unity in Leadership : The unity among Nephite leaders is emphasized as they work together to protect their people and land. 33. Continued Vigilance : The chapter concludes with a reminder of the importance of continued vigilance and preparation, as the Nephites anticipate further challenges from the Lamanites. 34. Fortifying New Positions : Moroni directs the building of new fortifications in areas that are strategically important to ensure no gaps in their defense. 35. Divine Guidance : The Nephites seek divine guidance in their military strategies, recognizing the role of God in their successes and challenges. 36. Lamanite Frustration : The Lamanites become increasingly frustrated by their inability to overcome the Nephite defenses, leading to morale issues within their ranks. 37. Nephite Confidence : The successful defense and strategic planning boost the confidence of the Nephite soldiers and leaders, reinforcing their resolve. 38. Training of Troops : Moroni initiates further training of Nephite troops to ensure they are prepared for future battles, focusing on both physical readiness and spiritual fortitude. 39. Communication and Coordination : The Nephite leaders improve their communication and coordination across the cities to respond quickly to any new Lamanite threats. 40. Preparation for Future Conflict : The chapter ends with the Nephites prepared for further conflict, knowing that the Lamanite threat remains despite recent victories. Themes Strategic Planning : The importance of ongoing strategic planning and preparation is emphasized as the Nephites work to secure their territory. Unity and Coordination : The unity and coordination among Nephite leaders are crucial to their success in defending against the Lamanite threat. Vigilance and Preparedness : The chapter concludes with a reminder of the need for continued vigilance and preparedness in the face of ongoing challenges. Church Videos & Resources Alma-Helaman Talks and References This Month in Come Follow Me Games, Stories, & Activities for Kids Book of Mormon Videos Images, Alma 36–42 Alma the Younger Counseling His Son  by Darrell Thomas Scripture Central Study Guide . The study guide with the Reading Plan is now up under the Scripture Central Podcast Materials BYU’s RSC Video: Summary of Lesson Resources for August 12-18 Captain Moroni’s Wartime Strategies: An Application for the Spiritual Battles of Our Day “Peaceable Followers of Christ” in Days of War and Contention The Captain and the Covenant

CFM : July 22–28 Alma 32–35 Videos, Podcasts, & Weekly Lesson Material Media ​Lesson Extension Scripture Central Alma 32-35 Scripture Study Insights Insights with Taylor and Tyler: Revisited Scripture Insights In the Book, Episode 20: "Seeing Christ: a Blind Boy and a Missionary from Wuhan, China with Yangzi Jin and Conner Green" Follow Him Alma 32-35 Part 1 Part 2 Transcripts Line Upon Line Alma 32-35 Teaching with Power Alma 32-35 ​ Teaching Bundle for Book of Mormon, available on Etsy. Don't Miss This Alma 32-35 Book of Mormon Matters with John W Welch and Lynne Hilton Wilson Alma 32-35 John W. Welch Notes ​Unshaken Alma 32-35 Alma 32-35 (Extended Version) ​The Interpreter Foundation Alma 32-35 ​Commentary by John Claybaugh ​Teaching Helps with John Hilton Alma 32-35 The Book of Mormon, A Master Class Alma 30-31: Exposing the Enemies of Christ ​Scripture Gems Alma 32-35 Book of Mormon Map Come Follow Up Alma 32-35 The Scriptures Are Real Alma 32-35 The Faith Experiment Latter Day Kids Alma 32-35 All Things Denote There is a God Scripture Explorers Alma 32-35 Pray Always Gospel for Kids Alma 32-35 Alma Teaches About Faith and the Word of God ​Talking Scripture Alma 32-35 Show Notes Book of Mormon Minute, Brant A. Gardner Vol. 2 Volume 3: Alma Alma 32 Alma 33 Alma 34 Alma 35 Saving Talents: Devotionals & FHE for Children Alma 32-35 Grounded with Barbara Morgan Alma 32-35 Our Mothers Knew It Alma 32-35 Insights Object Lesson Hurricane Utah Adult Religion Class , Book of Mormon ALMA CONTENDED WITH KORIHOR & LED A MISSION TO RECLAIM THE ZORAMITES Video Notes Slides/Handout Resources and Insights for this Week's Lesson The Book of Mormon: A Cultural and Religious Dialogue The Parable of the Seed: Hebraic Literary Principles in Alma and Amulek's Teachings In Alma 32-35, Alma and Amulek deliver a profound lesson on faith using the parable of a seed. This metaphor aligns remarkably well with ancient Jewish language and literary principles, particularly those found in the Proto-Sinaitic alphabet —a precursor to the Phoenician , Aramaic , and Hebrew alphabets. This connection provides compelling evidence for the authenticity of the Book of Mormon, considering that knowledge of the Proto-Sinaitic alphabet was not rediscovered until the early 20th century, well after the Book of Mormon was published in 1830. The Proto-Sinaitic Alphabet and the Letter Nun In the Proto-Sinaitic alphabet, which dates back to around the 19th century BCE and is considered one of the earliest forms of alphabetic writing, each letter was represented by a symbol with a specific meaning. The letter nun (נ) was depicted as a seed or a sprouting seed, symbolizing concepts such as growth, continuity, and life. This ancient symbolism is deeply embedded in Hebraic thought and literacy, and it resonates strongly with the teachings of Alma and Amulek. Literacy and Symbolism in Alma and Amulek's Teachings When Alma and Amulek teach about faith using the seed metaphor, they impart spiritual wisdom and embed principles of foundational literacy and symbolic representation that would have resonated with their ancient audience. The Seed as a Symbol of Faith In Alma 32:28, Alma explains: "Now, we will compare the word unto a seed. Now, if ye give place, that a seed may be planted in your heart, behold, if it be a true seed, or a good seed, if ye do not cast it out by your unbelief, that ye will resist the Spirit of the Lord, behold, it will begin to swell within your breasts; and when you feel these swelling motions, ye will begin to say within yourselves—It must needs be that this is a good seed, or that the word is good, for it beginneth to enlarge my soul; yea, it beginneth to enlighten my understanding, yea, it beginneth to be delicious to me." This passage aligns with the symbolic meaning of the letter nun. The word nun literally means "to continue, increase, or propagate." It was frequently associated with " fish ," and "posterity," Anciently, the letter nun symbolically represented a seed, which can be seen in the opening image for this post. According to Alma and Amulek, the seed (nun) represents faith that, when planted in the heart, begins to grow and flourish, leading to spiritual enlightenment and growth. This growth process parallels the natural process of a seed sprouting and maturing, symbolizing the development of faith and testimony. The Seed and Continuation In Hebrew culture, the seed also symbolizes posterity and continuation. This is reflected in the use of the word בן ( ben ), meaning "son," and "children," which shares its root with words related to building and creating continuity. Alma and Amulek's teachings about nurturing the seed of faith can be seen as a call to ensure the continuation of spiritual posterity, fostering an environment where faith can grow and be passed on to future generations. The Son and the Seed Alma and Amulek also emphasize that the ultimate object of faith is Jesus Christ, the Son of God. In Alma 33:22-23, Alma teaches: "Yea, cry unto him for mercy; for he is mighty to save. Yea, humble yourselves, and continue in prayer unto him. Cry unto him when ye are in your fields, yea, over all your flocks. Cry unto him in your houses, yea, over all your household, both morning, mid-day, and evening." Several scholars draw correlations between the symbol of the nun and the נָחָשׁ (nachash) , or "serpent." It appears that Alma understood this symbolic connection as well. In Alma 33:19, Alma compares Jesus Christ to the brazen serpent that Moses lifted up on his staff, explaining that this was a symbolic type foreshadowing the Atonement of the Son of God. Alma explains that we must look to Christ to be healed, to continue, and to live. The connection between the seed and the Son (ben בֵּן beyt-nun) highlights the necessity of faith in Christ for spiritual growth and salvation. In Hebrew, the letter beyt means "house." The concept of Beyt - Nun reflects the idea that the house continues through the Son, meaning the Son of God in this particular context. Just as the seed must be nurtured to grow, faith in Christ must be cultivated through prayer, humility, and continued spiritual effort. Evidence of Authenticity The sophisticated use of the seed metaphor, aligning with ancient Hebraic symbolic principles, provides strong evidence supporting the authenticity of the Book of Mormon. The intricate connections between the teachings of Alma and Amulek and the ancient symbolism of the Proto-Sinaitic alphabet were unknown in the early 19th century. The rediscovery of the Proto-Sinaitic alphabet in the 20th century revealed these ancient connections, which Joseph Smith could not have known about in 1820. Alma and Amulek’s use of the seed metaphor in their teachings on faith is not only a powerful spiritual lesson but also a profound example of "How would Joseph Smith have known that?". The symbol of the seed (nun) in these teachings aligns perfectly with profoundly symbolic teachings that Rabbis and scholars have learned to appreciate more and more since the rediscovery of the Proto-Sinatic script. This alignment, discovered long after the Book of Mormon was published, provides compelling evidence for its authenticity and the deep, ancient roots of its teachings. As readers explore these chapters, they can appreciate the beautiful articulation of these principles and the rich cultural and linguistic heritage embedded within the text. Additional Resources: Interpreter Radio: The Book of Mormon in Context Lesson 30 Nibley Book of Mormon Lectures: Come, Follow Me Lesson 30 Prayer and Worship in Alma 32-34 Audio Roundtable: Come, Follow Me Book of Mormon Lesson 28 (Alma 32-35) Abridging the Records of the Zoramite Mission: Mormon as Historian Serpents of Fire and Brass: A Contextual Study of the Brazen Serpent Tradition in the Book of Mormon Labor Diligently to Write: The Ancient Making of a Modern Scripture — Chapter 14: Alma Chapter XVI (30–35) In His Footsteps: Ammon₁ and Ammon₂ Scripture Roundtable: Book of Mormon Gospel Doctrine Lesson 28, “The Word Is in Christ unto Salvation” Overview Alma 32 Alma 32 is a profound chapter in which Alma the Younger teaches the Zoramites about faith, using the metaphor of a seed to explain how faith must be nurtured and grown. This chapter explores themes of humility, the nature of faith, spiritual growth, and the process of coming to know the truth. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Humility and Receptivity : The importance of humility in being receptive to the gospel. Discuss the importance of humility in various religious and philosophical traditions. Nature of Faith : Faith as a process of hope, belief, and nurturing. Reflect on personal experiences of testing and nurturing faith, and the outcomes of those efforts. Experimenting on the Word : The metaphor of planting and nurturing a seed to describe the development of faith. Consider various practices and disciplines that help nurture and sustain faith in everyday life. The Word and the Seed: The Theological Use of Biblical Creation in Alma 32 Watermelons, Alma 32, and the Experimental Method Partaking of the Fruit Seeds of Faith: A Follower's View of Alma 32 Three Trees in the Book of Mormon Continual Spiritual Growth : The ongoing need to nurture and care for faith to achieve spiritual enlightenment and fulfillment. Missionary Work Cultural Insights: He Knows My Affliction: The Hill Onidah as Narrative Counterpart to the Rameumptom Nephite Insights into Israelite Worship Practices before the Babylonian Captivity ’Stretch Forth Thy Hand and Prophesy’: Hand Gestures in the Book of Mormon Did Joseph Smith’s Mother Believe He Could Have Written the Book of Mormon? How Have LDS Women Shared the Book of Mormon? Interpreting Interpreter: Structuring Alma’s Zoramite Mission Linguistic and Literary Observations: The Speeches of Alma Notes and Communications: Faith and Truth Why Did Alma Use Creation Imagery in His Sermon on Faith? “See That Ye Are Not Lifted Up”: The Name Zoram and Its Paronomastic Pejoration Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Alma 32 Book of Mormon Videos: Alma and Amulek Teach about Faith in Jesus Christ | Alma 31–34 Verses 1-6: Humility of the Zoramites 1-2: Alma and his companions find that the poorer class of Zoramites have been cast out of their synagogues because of their poverty.  3-4: These poor Zoramites gather at a place called Onidah, where Alma begins to teach them.  5-6: The humbled Zoramites ask Alma what they should do, having been rejected from their places of worship. The Humble Seek Guidance Rejection and Humility : The poorer Zoramites, cast out because of their poverty, are humble and seeking guidance. Gathering at Onidah : Alma addresses these humbled Zoramites, recognizing their readiness to receive the gospel. Wordplay on Onidah Verses 7-12: Alma’s Initial Teachings on Humility 7-8: Alma is pleased with their humility and begins to teach them.  9-10: He explains that they are blessed because of their humility, which has prepared them to learn.  11-12: Alma contrasts their humility with the pride of those who remain in the synagogues, emphasizing that humility is necessary for receiving the word of God. Blessings of Humility Preparation for Learning : Humility prepares the heart to receive the gospel. Contrast with Pride : Alma contrasts the humble Zoramites with their prideful counterparts, highlighting the importance of humility in spiritual growth. Verses 13-16: The Necessity of Humility 13-14: Alma teaches that humility can come willingly or through adversity. Those who humble themselves are blessed.  15-16: Those who are compelled to be humble (through trials and adversity) are still blessed, but it is better to choose humility willingly. Choosing Humility Willing vs. Compelled Humility : Alma discusses the benefits of choosing humility willingly versus being compelled to be humble through trials. Blessings of Humility : Both paths to humility can lead to blessings, but willingly choosing humility is preferred. Verses 17-21: Faith and the Desire to Believe 17-18: Alma addresses the desire for a sign ( אוֹת, 'ôṯ) , explaining the beauty and importance of true faith, and that believing something is different than knowing something; one can know something and not act or even believe in it. Belief is more, it is potential that doe s not come from seeing signs, but it has the power to change and strengthen us from the inside out. Believe: Hebrew: אָמַן, aman , Greek: πίστις pistis ; Know: Hebrew: יָדַע yâdaʻ Greek: γινώσκω ginṓskō 19-21: Alma teaches that faith is the hope for things not seen, and the desire to believe is the first step in developing faith. Understanding Faith Desire for Signs : Alma explains that faith is not based on signs, intellect, and miracles. Definition of Faith : Faith is described as the hope for things not seen, and the desire to believe is essential. Verses 22-25: Planting the Seed of Faith 22-23: Alma invites the Zoramites to plant the seed of faith in their hearts, comparing the word of God to a seed.  24-25: He emphasizes the importance of nurturing this seed through diligence and patience. The Seed Metaphor Planting the Seed : Faith begins by planting the seed of the word of God in the heart. Nurturing Faith : Diligence and patience are necessary to nurture and grow this seed of faith. Words and Things Verses 26-34: Experimenting on the Word 26-27: Alma encourages the Zoramites to "experiment" on the word , giving place for the seed to grow.  ( בָּחַן bâchan , δοκιμή dokimḗ ) 28: As they nourish the seed , it will begin to sprout ( swell ), bringing joy and enlightenment .  29-30: If the seed grows , it confirms that the word is good . If it does not grow, it may be due to lack of proper care.  31-34: The process of nourishing the seed and allowing it to grow leads to a testimony of its truthfulness. The Process of Faith Experiment on the Word : Alma invites the Zoramites to test the word of God by nurturing it in their hearts. Growth and Confirmation : As the seed grows, it brings spiritual enlightenment and confirms the truthfulness of the word. Proper Care : Faith requires diligent care and nourishment to grow and thrive. Receiving a Personal Testimony  - Elder Uchtdorf Words Matter  -Elder Rasband Verses 35-43: The Fruits of Faith 35-37: Alma explains that as the seed grows, it brings forth good fruit, symbolizing the blessings and enlightenment that come from true faith.  38-39: He warns against neglecting the seed, which can lead to its decay and spiritual darkness.  40-43: Alma concludes by emphasizing the continual process of nurturing faith, which leads to eternal life and spiritual fulfillment. The Fruits and Continuation of Faith Good Fruits : The growth of the seed leads to spiritual blessings and enlightenment. Warning Against Neglect : Neglecting faith can lead to spiritual decay and darkness. Continual Nurturing : Faith must be continually nurtured to achieve spiritual fulfillment and eternal life. Why Did Alma Use Creation Imagery in His Sermon on Faith? Overview Alma 33 Alma 33 continues the discourse Alma began in the previous chapter, addressing the Zoramites and teaching them about the necessity of faith and the power of prayer. Alma references the scriptures to reinforce his teachings and to show that prayer and faith have always been essential elements of worship. He uses examples from the writings of Zenos, Zenock, and Moses to illustrate his points, emphasizing God's mercy and the importance of looking to Christ for redemption. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Universal Accessibility of Prayer : The teachings of Zenos and Zenock emphasize that prayer is not confined to specific places. These passages encourages readers to recognize that prayer can be offered anywhere and that God hears the sincere prayers of the faithful. God’s Mercy : The mercy of God is highlighted as He hears prayers and provides salvation through His Son. Faith and Healing : The story of the brazen serpent is used to illustrate the healing power of faith, reinforcing the need to look to Christ to live. Discuss the symbolism of the brazen serpent in various religious contexts and its parallels to Christ. Consider how faith in Christ can be practically applied in daily life for spiritual growth and healing. Nephite Declaration of Faith Look to God and Live Scriptural Reinforcement : Alma uses scripture to support his teachings and to show consistency in the message of faith and redemption. Consider how faith in Christ can be practically applied in daily life for spiritual growth and healing. Cultural Insights: What Are the Nephite Articles of Faith? Linguistic and Literary Observations: Evidence of an Alphabetic Atbash Hebraic wordplay can be recognized in Alma 33:2-3, suggesting a literate community, as described in the article " Jeremiah's Game , " which also reinforces the notion that Alma is intentionally teaching about the symbolic nature of the alphabet in these chapters. ’He Shall Add’: Wordplay on the Name Joseph and an Early Instance of Gezera Shawa in the Book of Mormon Onomastic Wordplay on Joseph and Benjamin and Gezera Shawa in the Book of Mormon Book of Mormon Critical Text Project Continues with New Volume Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Alma 33 Verses 1-4: The Zoramites' Question about Worship 1: After teaching about faith in Alma 32, Alma continues by addressing a specific question posed by the Zoramites.  2-4: The Zoramites ask how they should worship since they have been cast out of their synagogues . Seeking Guidance on Worship Question of Worship : The Zoramites seek guidance on how to worship God without access to their synagogues. Continuation of Teaching : Alma continues his discourse, aiming to provide clarity and direction. Verses 5-11: The Teachings of Zenos on Prayer 5-6: Alma cites the prophet Zenos, who taught that people can pray and worship God in any place.  7-9: Zenos emphasizes that God hears prayers in the wilderness, in fields, and in houses.  10-11 : Zenos teaches that God is merciful and hears the prayers of the righteous because of His Son. Universal Nature of Prayer Teachings of Zenos : Alma uses the writings of Zenos to illustrate that prayer is not confined to synagogues. God’s Mercy : Zenos emphasizes that God’s mercy allows Him to hear prayers wherever they are offered. Role of the Son : The prayers of the righteous are heard because of the atoning sacrifice of God’s Son. Verses 12-16: The Teachings of Zenock and Moses 12-13: Alma references Zenock, who also testified of God’s mercy and the importance of prayer.  14-15: Alma reminds the Zoramites of Moses and the story of the brazen serpent. Those who looked upon it m were healed, symbolizing looking to Christ for redemption.  16: Alma connects these teachings to the need for the Zoramites to look to Christ and have faith in His atonement. Reinforcement through Scripture Teachings of Zenock : Zenock's testimony reinforces the message of God’s mercy and the power of prayer. Example of Moses : The story of the brazen serpent is used to illustrate the importance of looking to Christ for salvation. Call to Faith : Alma urges the Zoramites to look to Christ with faith, drawing on these scriptural examples. Verses 17-23: Alma’s Conclusion and Exhortation to Faith 17: Alma emphasizes that all these prophets testified of Christ and the necessity of faith in Him.  18-19: Alma explains that the simple act of looking to the brazen serpent was a test of faith, just as having faith in Christ is.  20: He warns that those who hardened their hearts and did not look to the serpent perished, paralleling those who reject Christ.  21-23: Alma concludes by exhorting the Zoramites to plant the word in their hearts, nourish it with faith, and reap the rewards of salvation through Christ. Exhortation to Faith Unified Testimony : Alma shows that all prophets testify of Christ and faith in Him. Parallels with the Serpent : The act of looking to the serpent symbolizes having faith in Christ for healing and salvation. Call to Action : Alma urges the Zoramites to embrace faith, plant the word in their hearts, and receive the blessings of salvation. What Are the Nephite Articles of Faith? Why Did Alma Talk about Planting a Seed in the Heart? Tree Planted in Heart Positive Serpent Symbolism Overview Alma 34 Alma 34 continues the teachings to the Zoramites, with Amulek delivering a powerful sermon on the Atonement of Jesus Christ, the nature of prayer, and the importance of faith, repentance, and good works. Amulek emphasizes the infinite and eternal nature of Christ's Atonement and urges the people to seize the day of their repentance. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Atonement of Christ : The infinite and eternal nature of Christ’s Atonement and its central role in the plan of salvation. Power of Prayer : The necessity of constant, sincere prayer in developing faith and maintaining a connection with God. Faith and Works : The importance of acting on faith through good works, particularly in helping others. Urgency of Repentance : The critical need to repent without delay and prepare for eternal life. Endurance in Faith : The call to maintain faith, hope, and charity, enduring in righteousness until the end. Reflect on personal experiences and practices that help maintain and strengthen these attributes. Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Alma 34 Verses 1-7: Amulek Testifies of Alma’s Teachings 1: Amulek begins by affirming Alma’s teachings and urging the Zoramites to pay attention to his words.  2-3: He emphasizes the importance of the scriptures, which testify of Christ and His mission.  4-6: Amulek encourages the Zoramites to plant the word in their hearts and act in faith.  7: He highlights that the coming of Christ and His Atonement are essential parts of the gospel. Affirmation of Alma’s Teachings Scriptural Testimony : Amulek reinforces the importance of the scriptures in teaching about Christ. Encouragement to Act in Faith : He urges the Zoramites to internalize and act upon the teachings they have received. Verses 8-16: The Atonement of Jesus Christ The Atonement of Jesus Christ is Infinite and Eternal -Pres. Nelson 9-10: He explains the necessity of an infinite and eternal Atonement, which only Christ can accomplish.  11-12: Amulek clarifies that no mortal could atone for the sins of others; only a divine being could do so.  13-14: He emphasizes that the Atonement is essential for the plan of salvation and the redemption of mankind.  15-16: Through faith in Christ and His Atonement, individuals can obtain mercy, which satisfies the demands of justice . The Necessity of the Atonement Infinite and Eternal Sacrifice : Only Christ’s divine Atonement can satisfy the demands of justice. Redemption through Christ : The Atonement is central to the plan of salvation and provides the means for mercy and redemption. Why Would Mankind “Unavoidably Perish” without the Atonement of Jesus Christ? Why Must There be an Infinite and Eternal Sacrifice? Auto-sacrifice Verses 17-27: The Nature and Power of Prayer 17-18 : Amulek urges the Zoramites to exercise faith and begin to pray.  19-22 : He explains that prayer is essential in all aspects of life, whether in prosperity or adversity.  23-27: Amulek encourages continuous prayer—morning, midday, and night—offering prayers for mercy, guidance, and strength. The Power of Prayer Exercising Faith through Prayer : Amulek emphasizes the importance of constant prayer in developing faith. Prayer in All Circumstances : He highlights the need for prayer in both good times and bad, encouraging a continual connection with God. Verses 28-30: The Relationship between Faith and Works 28: Amulek warns that prayer alone is not sufficient; it must be accompanied by actions, specifically helping the poor and needy.  29-30: He urges the Zoramites to be sincere in their prayers and to act on their faith by performing good works and avoiding contention. Faith and Works Action with Prayer : True faith is demonstrated through actions, particularly in caring for others. Sincerity and Good Works : Amulek encourages sincerity in prayer and living a life of service and kindness. Verses 31-37: The Urgency of Repentance 31-32: Amulek stresses the importance of not procrastinating repentance, urging the Zoramites to seize the day of repentance.  33-34: He warns against putting off repentance until the end of life, as this can lead to a hardened heart and missed opportunities.  35-37: Amulek calls for immediate repentance and the preparation to meet God, emphasizing the shortness and uncertainty of life. Urgency of Repentance Seizing the Day : Amulek underscores the importance of immediate repentance and not delaying spiritual growth. Warning against Procrastination : He warns that delaying repentance can lead to spiritual ruin and a hardened heart. Verses 38-41: Endurance in Faith 38-39: Amulek encourages the Zoramites to maintain faith, hope, and charity, continually nurturing their spiritual growth.  40-41: He urges them to endure in faith, looking forward to the hope of eternal life through Christ. Endurance and Hope Maintaining Faith : Amulek calls for continued faith, hope, and charity. Hope of Eternal Life : He concludes by encouraging the Zoramites to look forward to eternal life through Christ’s Atonement. Overview Alma 35 Alma 35 details the aftermath of Alma and his companions’ missionary efforts among the Zoramites. The chapter recounts the Zoramites’ reaction to the teachings of Alma and Amulek, the expulsion of the converted Zoramites, and the subsequent conflict between the Zoramites and the Nephites. It emphasizes themes of religious persecution, the cost of discipleship, and the preparations for defense against aggression. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Religious Persecution : The chapter highlights the persecution faced by converts and the cost of discipleship. Encourages readers to provide support and refuge for those experiencing persecution. Explore other historical examples of religious persecution and the responses to such challenges. Cost of Discipleship : Highlights the challenges and sacrifices associated with true discipleship. Refuge and Support : The importance of providing refuge and support to those who are persecuted for their beliefs. Discuss the practices and importance of providing refuge and asylum to those in need. Incitement and Conflict : The actions of the Zoramite leaders in inciting conflict with the Nephites and Lamanites. Reflect on the causes and consequences of inciting conflict and the importance of seeking peaceful solutions. Peace and Conflict : Emphasizes the importance of preparing for and seeking to prevent conflict. Strengthening Community : Inspires readers to work towards strengthening their faith communities in the face of challenges. Preparation for Defense : The necessity of preparing for potential conflicts and defending the community. Consider various historical examples of communities preparing for potential conflicts and the strategies they employed. Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Alma 35 Verses 1-6: Reactions to the Missionary Efforts 1: Many of the Zoramites who heard Alma and his companions were convinced of the truth and converted.  2-3: The leaders and elite among the Zoramites become angry at the conversion of their people and begin to expel the believers from their land.  4-5: The converted Zoramites flee to the land of Jershon, seeking refuge among the people of Ammon (Anti-Nephi-Lehies).  6: The people of Ammon receive the converts with great joy and provide them with assistance. Conversion and Persecution Successful Conversions: Many Zoramites are convinced by Alma’s teachings and convert. Religious Persecution: The Zoramite leaders react with anger and expel the converts. Seeking Refuge: The converts flee to the land of Jershon for safety. Welcoming Refuge: The people of Ammon joyfully receive and support the Zoramite converts. Verses 7-10: Response of the Zoramites 7: The Zoramite leaders are enraged by the exodus of their converted brethren.  8: They begin to stir up the Lamanites to prepare for war against the Nephites, using the situation to incite anger and aggression.  9-10: The Zoramites’ actions lead to increased tension and the threat of conflict between the Nephites and Lamanites. Incitement to War Anger and Aggression : The Zoramite leaders are infuriated by the mass conversion and flight. Stirring Up the Lamanites : They incite the Lamanites to prepare for war against the Nephites. Threat of Conflict : The situation escalates, leading to increased tension and the prospect of war Wordplay on Jershon Verses 11-12: Preparations for Defense 11: The Nephites, aware of the Zoramite threat, begin to prepare for potential conflict with the Lamanites.  12: The Nephite government, under the leadership of chief judge and military commanders, takes measures to protect their people and territory. Defensive Preparations Anticipating Conflict : The Nephites recognize the threat posed by the Zoramites and Lamanites. Strategic Defense : They start preparing defensively to safeguard their nation. Why Was the Zoramite Defection So Disastrous? Verses 13-16: Alma’s Return to Zarahemla 13: Alma and his companions return to the land of Zarahemla after their mission among the Zoramites.  14: Alma is filled with joy at the successful conversion of many Zoramites and the safe relocation of the converts.  15-16: Alma continues his ministry, working to strengthen the church and prepare the Nephites for the coming trials. Continuing Ministry Mission Accomplished : Alma returns to Zarahemla, rejoicing in the success of the mission. Ongoing Efforts : He continues to minister, strengthen the church, and prepare for future challenges. Church Videos & Resources Alma-Helaman Talks and References This Month in Come Follow Me Games, Stories, & Activities for Kids Scripture Central Study Guide Video Commentary Listed above in podcast section Know Whys Listed above in relation to section. Evidences Listed above in relation to section. Written Commentary John W. Welch Notes - Come Follow Me Book of Mormon Minute by Brant A Gardner Reading Plan Structure your personal scripture study by following a 15-minute, day-by-day plan. Each day's assignment includes the required scripture passages from the Come, Follow Me curriculum, as well as suggestions for additional resources to bring context and understanding to your study. For the best experience, use our  Reading Plan in the free ScripturePlus app ! You can track your progress and have access to the best resources. Monday Scripture: Alma 30:1-8 KnoWhy:  Why Does the Book of Mormon Use So Many Different Terms for “Law”? Additional Study Commentary:  Was This a Year of Jubilee? Commentary:  Korihor, an Anti-Christ Commentary:  Alma 30:6-8 Commentary:  Alma 30:1-5 Tuesday Scripture: Alma 30:9-29 Commentary:  Alma 30:22-23 Commentary:  Basic Public Nephite Law Described Additional Study Commentary:  Alma 30:24-28 Commentary:  What Doctrine Did Korihor Teach? Commentary:  Korihor Had No Success in Jershon and Was Cast Out Commentary:  Korihor Was Tried in Gideon Commentary:  Alma 30:19-21 Commentary:  Comparing Sherem, Nehor, and Korihor Evidence:  Synonymous Words Wednesday Scripture: Alma 30:30-42 Commentary:  Was Korihor Really an Atheist? Commentary:  Alma 30:29-31 Commentary:  Alma 30:32-36 Additional Study Evidence:  Korihor’s Trial KnoWhy:  Was Korihor Really an Atheist? Thursday Scripture: Alma 30:43-60 Commentary:  The Judge Asked Four Questions; Korihor Answered One Commentary:  Alma 30:44-47 Additional Study Evidence:  Talionic Justice Evidence:  Cursing with Speechlessness Commentary:  Korihor Demanded a Sign Commentary:  Korihor Was Struck Dumb Commentary:  Korihor Confessed His Sins Commentary:  The Nephites Learn What Happened to Korihor Commentary:  Korihor Is Killed by the Zoramites Friday Scripture: Alma 31:1-7 Evidence:  Wordplay on Antion Additional Study Commentary:  The Zoramite Defection Is Dangerous Militarily Commentary:  Alma 31:1-2 Commentary:  Alma 31:3-4 Commentary:  Alma 31:5-7 Saturday Scripture: Alma 31:8-23 Commentary:  The Zoramites Perverted the Ways of the Lord Evidence:  Wordplay on Zoram Additional Study Commentary:  Alma Was Shocked at the Zoramites’ Manner of Prayer Commentary:  Alma 31:8-11 Commentary:  Alma 31:12-14 Commentary:  Alma 31:15-18 Commentary:  Alma 31:19-23 Sunday Scripture: Alma 31:24-38 Commentary:  Alma Prayed for Help in Reconverting the Zoramites KnoWhy:  Why Did Alma Repeat the Lord’s Name Ten Times While in Prayer? Additional Study Commentary:  Alma 31:24-25 Commentary:  Alma 31:26-30 Commentary:  Alma 31:31-35 Commentary:  Alma 31:36-38 Evidence:  The Narrative Symbolism of Apparel Maps & Charts The Nephite Judges Alma as High Priest: Years 9–19 of the Reign of the Judges Nephihah as Chief Judge: Years 9–24 of the Reign of the Judges Teachings of Korihor Missionary Work How Do You Say "Law" in Hebrew? Legal Cases and Procedures in the Book of Mormon Three Diverse Opponents of the Nephites A Comparison of Nephite Law Lists Nephite Cycles: Years 1–49 of the Reign of the Judges (90–40 B.C.) Metals in the Book of Mormon Whose Words Are Found in the Book of Mormon? Number of Pages in Books of the Book of Mormon Average Number of Pages Covering One Nephite Year Nephite Books Compared by Length and Years Covered Nephite Books Listed Chronologically Names Used for Christ by Major Book of Mormon Authors Names and Concepts Associated with Christ by Major Book of Mormon Authors Number of Names Used for Christ by Major Book of Mormon Authors Number of Names for Christ Used Exclusively by Individual Authors Ten Essential Features of Book of Mormon Geography Geographical Names Listed Alphabetically Geographical Names Listed by Scripture Reference Images Book of Mormon Videos Images, Alma 31-34 Bibliography & Additional Resource Included in Outline Summaries above BYU’s RSC Seeds of Faith: A Follower’s View of Alma 32 Remembering Christ's Blood Which Was Shed Books The Book of Mormon Made Easier Set, With Included Chronological Map (Gospel Study) The Annotated Book of Mormon Beholding the Tree of Life: A Rabbinic Approach to the Book of Mormon Gathered in One: How the Book of Mormon Counters Anti-Semitism in the New Testament Feasts and Festivals of the Messiah (Preparing for and Worshipping in the Latter-day Saint Temple: Understanding Symbolism, Promises, Learnings & Covenants) Passover Seder Script Days of Awe: Jewish Holy Days, Symbols and Prophecies for Latter-day Saints

CFM : August 26–September 1 Helaman 1–6  Videos, Podcasts, & Weekly Lesson Material Media ​Lesson Extension Scripture Central Helaman 1-6 Scripture Study Insights Insights with Taylor and Tyler: Revisited Scripture Insights Come, Follow Me with John Hilton III (Helaman 1-6) Book of Mormon Evidence: Cement Evidences of the Book of Mormon: Names Study Guide Follow Him Helaman 1-6 Part 1 Part 2 Transcripts Line Upon Line Helaman 1-6 Teaching with Power Helaman 1-6 ​ Teaching Bundle for Book of Mormon, available on Etsy. Don't Miss This Helaman 1-6 Book of Mormon Matters with John W Welch and Lynne Hilton Wilson Helaman 1-6 John W. Welch Notes ( Alma 43-52 ) ​Unshaken Helaman 1-6 ( expanded ) ​The Interpreter Foundation Helaman 1-6 ​Commentary by John Claybaugh ​Teaching Helps with John Hilton Helaman 1-6 The Book of Mormon, A Master Class Helaman 1-6 Building on the Rock ​Scripture Gems Helaman 1-6 Book of Mormon Map Come Follow Up Helaman 1-6 The Scriptures Are Real Helaman 1-6 Keys to Breaking the Pride Cycle Latter Day Kids Helaman 1-6 The Wise Alligator Scripture Explorers Helaman 1-6 Gadianton Robbers Gospel for Kids Helaman 1-6 The Brothers Nephi and Lehi ​Talking Scripture Helaman 1-6 Show Notes Book of Mormon Minute, Brant A. Gardner Volume 4: Helaman-Moroni Helaman 1 Helaman 2 Helaman 3 Helaman 4 Helaman 5 Helaman 6 Saving Talents: Devotionals & FHE for Children Helaman 1-6 Grounded with Barbara Morgan Helaman 1-6 Our Mothers Knew It Helaman 1-6 Insights Object Lesson Hurricane Utah Adult Religion Class , Book of Mormon Alma 43-63 THE MINISTRIES OF NEPHI₂ & LEHI₄; NEPHITE SPIRITUAL DECLINE Video Notes Slides Resources and Insights for this Week's Lesson   The Book of Mormon: A Cultural and Religious Dialogue History Repeats: Understanding Cycles in Scripture and Society In the Book of Helaman, we find a stark reminder of the cyclical nature of history, both spiritually and societally. The pride cycle—where prosperity leads to pride, pride leads to wickedness, and wickedness leads to destruction, followed by humility and repentance—plays out repeatedly, echoing the patterns seen in earlier scripture and in our world today. President Ezra Taft Benson once said, "If you want to know what it's going to be like before the Second Coming, look at the first coming in the Book of Mormon." His words prompt us to explore not only the pride cycle in Helaman but also the virtue and vice cycles, and how these patterns reflect broader cycles in nature, culture, and science. Understanding these cycles is not just an academic exercise; it can be an essential tool for navigating the challenges of our time. By studying the past, we can better prepare for the future, recognizing that history truly does repeat itself. The Pride Cycle in Helaman In Helaman 1-6, the pride cycle is on full display. The Nephites, blessed with prosperity, quickly fall into pride and wickedness, leading to societal decay and eventual destruction. This pattern is not unique to the Nephites; it is a recurring theme throughout the Book of Mormon and scripture as a whole. We see a similar cycle in the reign of judges in the Old Testament. The Israelites, like the Nephites, experienced periods of righteousness followed by pride and sin over and over again. Their leaders, who began with good intentions, gradually succumbed to corruption, leading their people into spiritual and political peril. This downward spiral, driven by pride and power struggles, mirrors the events in Helaman, where political and social unrest are rampant, and nefarious leaders vie for positions of power and gain. The historical context of Jerusalem during this period also provides a fascinating parallel. The Hasmonean and Roman dynasties were marked by political instability, corrupt leadership, and contentious wars, setting the stage for the events leading to the Savior's birth, life, and mortal ministry. The Book of Helaman offers a prophetic glimpse into the conditions in the Americas, that would eventually lead to the first coming of Christ, making it highly relevant to our day as we approach the Second Coming. Virtue and Vice Cycles In addition to the pride cycle, the accounts in Helaman also illustrate cycles of virtue and vice. The Nephites and Lamanites both experienced periods of righteousness, where prosperity and peace would follow their adherence to God's commandments. Yet, these periods were often short-lived, as pride and wickedness would quickly take hold, leading their society to moral and social decay. As the communities got closer and closer to the time of Christ's coming, these cycles would become tighter and tighter in their repetition, allowing us to better recognize and observe the inherent nature of their succession. These cycles of virtue and vice are not confined to ancient scripture. We see them in our world today, where political and social systems often mirror the patterns experienced in Helaman's day. If we are humble, honest, and astute, we may even observe these types of cycles in our own lives, as we carefully take note of the patterns and tendencies that we experience, including the ebb and flow of our attitudes, behaviors, and relationships. Whether we recognize it or not, we are all on a continuous path of progression or regression. Rarely are we stagnant; rather, we are in a constant state of movement—either moving forward with spiritual momentum or backward—at varying speeds and wavelengths, depending on our individual circumstances. Both positive and negative internal and external factors can affect our direction, speed, and progress, but ultimately, we are in control of how those influences will either strengthen or weaken us. Additional Resources: Interpreter Radio: The Book of Mormon in Context Lesson 35 Nibley Book of Mormon Lectures: Come, Follow Me Lesson 35 Come, Follow Me  Study and Teaching Helps — Lesson 33: Helaman 1-6 Audio Roundtable: Come, Follow Me Book of Mormon Lesson 33 (Helaman 1-6) Audio Roundtable: Come, Follow Me Book of Mormon Lesson 33 (Helaman 1-6) Theosis in the Book of Mormon: The Work and Glory of the Father, Mother and Son, and Holy Ghost Coming Down and Bringing Down: Pejorative Onomastic Allusions to the Jaredites in Helaman 6:25, 6:38, and Ether 2:11 Labor Diligently to Write: The Ancient Making of a Modern Scripture — Chapter 15: Helaman Chapters I-II (1–6) Celestial Visits in the Scriptures, and a Plausible Mesoamerican Tradition Interpreting Interpreter: Book of Mormon Theosis Scripture Roundtable: Book of Mormon Gospel Doctrine Lesson 34, “How Could You Have Forgotten Your God?” Scripture Roundtable: Book of Mormon Gospel Doctrine Lesson 33, “A Sure Foundation” Alma 43 through Moroni (Segment 3) Overview Helaman 1 Helaman 1 outlines the political turmoil and internal strife among the Nephites following the death of the chief judge, Pahoran. The chapter highlights the dangers of internal dissension, particularly how it weakens a society and makes it vulnerable to external threats. The narrative also introduces the Lamanite leader Coriantumr, who takes advantage of Nephite disunity to invade and capture their capital, Zarahemla. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Political Division and Succession Disputes: The death of Pahoran and the subsequent contention for leadership reflect the dangers of political division, a theme echoed in biblical accounts (e.g., The Biblical Reign of Judges, the division of Israel after Solomon’s death in 1 Kings 12, etc.). The Gadianton Robbers and Protracted War Secret Combinations: Kishkumen’s assassination of Pahoran (Jr.) introduces the theme of secret combinations, which becomes a recurring motif in the Book of Helaman. This bears several similarities to the "men of Belial" in the Old Testament, who are involved in secretive, wicked acts (Judges 19:22) We can also observe similarities with Absalom's conspiracy against David (2 Samuel 15). In both the Bible and the Book of Mormon, these groups operate in secrecy and undermine lawful authority, posing significant threats to societal stability.. ’Swearing by Their Everlasting Maker’: Some Notes on Paanchi and Giddianhi Vulnerability from Internal Strife: The Nephite society's internal divisions make them vulnerable to external threats. Coriantumr's success is a direct consequence of the Nephites' inability to unite, reflecting a broader scriptural theme that a divided house cannot stand (Mark 3:25). The Role of Leaders in Crisis: The contrasting responses of Pacumeni and Moronihah highlight different approaches to leadership in times of crisis. Pacumeni is caught off guard and killed, while Moronihah successfully rallies the people, emphasizing the importance of strong, proactive leadership. Repentance and Restoration: Despite their setbacks, the Nephites manage to recover and reclaim their capital, illustrating the theme of repentance and divine assistance after humbling experiences, a theme frequently seen in both the Book of Mormon and the Bible. Linguistic and Literary Observations: Names and Hebraic References: The names Pahoran, Paanchi, and Pacumeni, though Nephite, have elements that can be seen in the broader context of Hebraic and Near Eastern culture. "Paanchi" may recall the Egyptian "Pa-Ankh" (meaning "the living one"), illustrating the diverse cultural influences present among the Nephites. The Case of Paanchi Judgment Seat and Governance: The concept of the "judgment seat" has biblical parallels, where judges held significant civil and religious authority (e.g., Judges 4:5, where Deborah sat under the palm tree to judge Israel). This reflects a blend of judicial and executive power, consistent with ancient Near Eastern governance. Legal Cases and Procedures in the Book of Mormon The Nephite Judges Secret Combinations: The idea of secret combinations can be compared to conspiratorial groups in the Bible, such as Absalom's conspiracy against David (2 Samuel 15). In both the Bible and the Book of Mormon, these groups operate in secrecy and undermine lawful authority, posing significant threats to societal stability. Military Strategy and Cultural Impacts: Coriantumr's direct attack on Zarahemla highlights the cultural importance of the capital city as both a political and religious center. In ancient cultures, the fall of a capital city often symbolized the fall of the entire nation, as seen in biblical accounts like the fall of Jerusalem. Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Helaman 1 Nephi Prophesies Death of Chief Judge Nephi Prays for His People Nephi Proves His Innocence Verses 1-5: The Dispute Over the Judgment Seat Evil Secret Words Can Destroy Society -Ballard Verse 1:  Pahoran, the chief judge and governor of the land, passes away, leading to a power vacuum. Verses 2-3:  Three of Pahoran's sons—Pahoran (Jr.), Paanchi, and Pacumeni—contend for the judgment seat, leading to political division among the people. This echoes biblical accounts of succession disputes (e.g., 1 Kings 1-2, Solomon's succession). Verse 4:  Pahoran (Jr.) is appointed by the voice of the people, following the democratic principles emphasized in Mosiah’s reforms (Mosiah 29). Verse 5:  Paanchi rebels against the decision and is ultimately condemned to death for his rebellion. This verse illustrates the dangers of factionalism and insurrection. How Was a Void in Leadership Dangerous for the Nephites? Why Did Pahoran, Paanchi, and Pacumeni have Such Similar Sounding Names? Attestation of Paanchi The Case of Paanchi Wordplay on Paanchi Three Egyptian Names Verses 6-12: Assassination of Pahoran (Jr.) and Rise of Coriantumr Verse 6:  The assassination of Pahoran (Jr.) by a man named Kishkumen, who is part of a secret combination. This mirrors the biblical idea of secret conspiracies and murder plots (e.g., 2 Samuel 15, Absalom's conspiracy). Verses 7-8:  Pacumeni is then appointed as chief judge, showing a pragmatic acceptance of the people's voice despite the chaos. Verses 9-10:  Coriantumr, a dissenter from the Nephites who had become a leader among the Lamanites, takes advantage of Nephite disunity. His name, Coriantumr, has ancient Jaredite connections (see Ether 12:1-4), reflecting the interwoven nature of Nephite and Jaredite histories. Verse 11:  The Lamanite king appoints Coriantumr as the leader of his armies, signifying a significant shift in power dynamics. Verse 12:  Coriantumr launches a surprise attack on the Nephites, capitalizing on their internal divisions, fulfilling a pattern of external enemies exploiting internal strife, similar to how Israel’s enemies took advantage of their disunity (e.g., Judges 6). Why was Helaman’s Servant Justified in Killing Kishkumen? Verses 13-21: The Fall of Zarahemla Verses 13-14:  Coriantumr marches directly to the heart of the Nephite nation, Zarahemla, without delay or opposition, illustrating the weakened state of Nephite defenses due to internal conflicts. Verses 15-16:  Coriantumr captures Zarahemla, the Nephite capital, indicating a significant military and symbolic loss. This parallels the capture of Jerusalem by Babylon (2 Kings 25). Verses 17-18:  The Nephites are shocked and disheartened by the fall of Zarahemla. Pacumeni, the new chief judge, tries to defend the city but is killed by Coriantumr. Verses 19-21:  Moronihah, the Nephite military leader, manages to regroup the Nephite forces and retake Zarahemla, killing Coriantumr in the process. This section reflects themes of repentance, recovery, and resilience. Overview Helaman 2 Helaman 2 continues the narrative of political instability and the rise of secret combinations among the Nephites. This chapter introduces Gadianton, a key figure who will play a major role in the eventual downfall of the Nephite civilization. The focus is on the secret combination led by Kishkumen and Gadianton, who seek to gain power through murder and conspiracy. The chapter highlights the growing threat of these secret combinations and their corrosive influence on Nephite society. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Secret Combinations and Societal Corruption: The rise of Gadianton and his followers exemplifies the destructive nature and power of secret combinations. These groups operate in the dark, seeking power through murder, corruption, and conspiracy, and are portrayed as a major threat to societal stability. This theme resonates with the biblical idea of hidden wickedness undermining communities, as seen in stories like Jezebel's plot to muerder Naboth in order to acquire his vineyard. (Kings 21) Providence and Divine Protection: The foiling of Kishkumen’s plot against Helaman through the actions of a loyal servant reflects the theme of divine protection. Just as biblical figures are often preserved from harm through divine intervention (e.g., Joseph in Genesis 37-50), Helaman’s life is spared, allowing him to continue his righteous leadership. Political Instability and the Threat of Assassination: The instability of Nephite society during this period is highlighted by the recurring threats to its leaders. The danger posed by assassination plots and secret combinations reveals the vulnerability of Nephite governance, similar to the struggles of ancient Israel, where leaders often faced internal threats (e.g., the assassination of King Joash in 2 Kings 12:20-21). Pahoran as Chief Judge: Years 25–39 of the Reign of the Judges The Role of Faithful Servants: The unnamed servant who infiltrates Kishkumen’s group plays a crucial role in preserving Helaman’s life. This reflects a broader scriptural theme where seemingly minor figures have a significant impact through their loyalty and bravery, as seen with figures like Esther’s servant, who relayed important messages in Esther 4. Who Kept the Records in the Book of Mormon? (By Lineages) Foreshadowing of Future Destruction: The prophetic warnings about Gadianton’s secret combination foreshadow the eventual destruction of the Nephite civilization. This serves as a cautionary tale about the long-term consequences of allowing wickedness and corruption to go unchecked, paralleling the destruction of nations in the Bible due to internal corruption (e.g., the fall of Judah to Babylon in 2 Chronicles 36). Literary and Linguistic Observations: The name "Gadianton" may have links to ancient Hebraic or Jaredite traditions, although the exact meaning is unclear. The name’s association with secret combinations may reflect the broader cultural context in which names carried significant meanings, often tied to a person’s role or destiny. Secret Combinations in Ancient Contexts: The concept of secret combinations is deeply rooted in ancient cultures, where clandestine groups would conspire to gain power. In the Hebrew Bible, secret plots and alliances were often seen as morally and spiritually dangerous, as they undermined the covenant relationship between God and His people (e.g., Isaiah 29:15 condemns those who hide their plans from the Lord). Political and Religious Leadership: Helaman’s dual role as chief judge and high priest reflects the ancient Israelite model, where leaders often held both political and religious authority. This dual role underscores the Nephite belief in the importance of aligning civil governance with spiritual principles, much like the Israelite kings who were expected to uphold the Law of Moses. Helaman as Chief Judge: Years 42–53 of the Reign of the Judges Servants in Ancient Near Eastern Cultures: The servant’s role in thwarting Kishkumen’s plot aligns with the broader cultural context of servants in the ancient world, who often held trusted positions and could wield significant influence. In the Bible, trusted servants frequently play key roles in the narratives of leaders (e.g., Nehemiah’s cupbearer role in Nehemiah 2:1-8). Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Helaman 2 Verses 1-2: Appointment of Helaman as Chief Judge Verse 1:  Helaman, the son of Helaman and grandson of Alma the Younger, is appointed as chief judge by the people after the death of his predecessor, Pacumeni. This continues the theme of political succession during a period of instability. Verse 2:  Helaman takes on both the roles of chief judge and high priest, reflecting the dual responsibilities of governance and spiritual leadership, similar to earlier figures like Alma the Younger. Verses 3-5: Kishkumen’s Plot Against Helaman Verse 3:  Kishkumen, the assassin who killed Pahoran (Jr.) in Helaman 1, conspires with his followers to kill Helaman as well. This verse introduces the recurring theme of secret combinations, highlighting the dangers of covert groups that operate outside the law to gain power. Verse 4:  Kishkumen’s motivation is to protect the secret combination’s interests and prevent Helaman from bringing them to justice. This reflects a biblical pattern where secret groups or individuals plot against righteous leaders, as seen in the stories of Absalom's rebellion against David (2 Samuel 15). Verse 5:  One of Helaman’s servants, having infiltrated Kishkumen’s group, learns of the plot and warns Helaman. This verse introduces the idea of divine intervention or providence in thwarting evil plans, a common theme in scriptural narratives. Verses 6-10: The Death of Kishkumen and Gadianton’s Escape Verse 6:  The servant of Helaman meets Kishkumen under the pretense of helping him carry out the assassination but instead kills Kishkumen. This action prevents the murder of Helaman and demonstrates the importance of loyalty and vigilance. Verse 7:  After Kishkumen’s death, the servant quickly returns to Helaman and reports the situation, allowing Helaman to take precautions against further attacks. Verse 8:  Gadianton, who was poised to take over as the leader of the secret combination, realizes something has gone wrong when Kishkumen does not return. His immediate reaction is to flee with his band into the wilderness, avoiding capture. Verse 9:  Gadianton's escape ensures that his secret combination continues to grow in power and influence, laying the groundwork for future conflicts in Nephite society. Verse 10:  The chapter ends with a prophetic warning that Gadianton’s band will eventually bring about the destruction of the Nephites. This serves as a foreshadowing of the major role secret combinations will play in the Book of Mormon’s later chapters. Verses 11-14: Prophetic Warning and Reflection on the Threat of Secret Combinations Verse 11:  The chapter reflects on how, despite the initial failure of their assassination attempt, Gadianton and his followers remain a significant threat to Nephite society. Verse 12:  The narrator prophetically warns that the secret combination led by Gadianton will grow in power and influence, eventually leading to the downfall of the Nephite nation. This verse serves as a grim foreshadowing of the events to come. Verse 13:  The chapter reflects on the rapid spread of secret combinations among the Nephites, noting how these groups corrupt society from within. This mirrors similar concerns in the Bible, where wickedness spreads through hidden conspiracies and treachery (e.g., 2 Kings 11:1-3, where Athaliah seizes power through murder). Verse 14:  The final verse underscores the importance of righteousness and vigilance in the face of such threats, emphasizing that it is only through divine protection and adherence to God's laws that the Nephites can hope to withstand the dangers posed by secret combinations. Overview Helaman 3 Helaman 3 details the continued growth and challenges of the Nephite nation. Despite political instability and threats from secret combinations, this chapter highlights a period of remarkable population expansion, prosperity, and migration. The chapter emphasizes the importance of righteousness and faith in the midst of challenges and introduces a major migration of Nephites to the land northward. It also discusses the role of the church in addressing pride and division within the society, as well as the ultimate blessings of peace and prosperity that come from repentance and humility. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Growth and Expansion: The migration to the land northward and the subsequent building of cities reflect a period of remarkable growth and expansion for the Nephites. This theme highlights the industriousness and resilience of the Nephite people, even in the face of challenges. Pride and Division: The recurring theme of pride leading to division and contention is emphasized throughout the chapter. Pride is shown as a major spiritual and societal problem that undermines the unity and strength of the Nephites. Nephite Cycle of Righteousness: Mormon's Warning for Us Today Secret Combinations: Secret combinations continue to threaten Nephite society, highlighting the dangers of internal corruption. These groups operate in secrecy and seek to gain power through wicked means, mirroring the destructive influence of secret combinations introduced in earlier chapters. ’Secret Combinations Repentance and Humility: The chapter emphasizes the power of repentance and humility in overcoming challenges and receiving the Lord’s blessings. Those who remain humble and repent are blessed with peace, prosperity, and spiritual strength. Righteous Leadership: Helaman’s leadership is highlighted as a key factor in maintaining order and stability during this time of growth. His example of righteous leadership serves as a model for how leaders can guide their people through times of trial. Divine Protection and Blessings: The narrative repeatedly emphasizes that the Lord’s protection and blessings are available to those who seek Him and live according to His commandments. This theme reinforces the idea that righteousness leads to both temporal and spiritual prosperity. Migration and Expansion: The migration to the land northward and the building of cities reflect ancient practices of expansion and settlement, similar to the movements of Israelite tribes in the Old Testament (e.g., the settlement of Canaan in the book of Joshua). Mesoamericans in Pre-Columbian North America Mesoamericans in Pre-Spanish South America Cultural insights Legal and Economic Observations: A Comparison of Nephite Law Lists How Do You Say "Law" in Hebrew? Rollercoaster Economics The Nephite Judges Linguistic Observations: Wordprints and the Book of Mormon Wordprints and the Book of Mormon Technilogical Observations Use of Cement: The mention of cement as a building material is significant, as it indicates technological adaptation by the Nephites in response to environmental challenges. Cement was also used in ancient Mesoamerican cultures, suggesting a possible connection to the broader cultural context of the region. Concrete Evidence for the Book of Mormon Secret Combinations: The concept of secret combinations continues to be a major theme, reflecting ancient concerns about covert groups that seek to undermine legitimate authority. In the Bible, secret alliances and conspiracies often lead to political and social instability (e.g., Absalom’s conspiracy in 2 Samuel 15). Consequences of Corruption: ’Slippery Treasures’ in the Book of Mormon: A Concept from the Ancient World Role of Fasting and Prayer: The emphasis on fasting and prayer as means of drawing closer to the Lord reflects ancient Israelite practices, where fasting and prayer were important elements of spiritual life (e.g., Daniel 9:3). Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Helaman 3 Verses 1-3: Political and Social Conditions Verse 1:  The chapter begins by noting that in the 43rd year of the reign of the judges, there was continued peace in the land, despite the ongoing secret combinations and previous political instability. Verse 2:  However, this peace was not absolute, as contentions arose within the church due to pride and disputes among the members, reflecting the recurring theme of internal strife undermining spiritual strength. Verse 3:  Despite these contentions, many people chose to leave the land of Zarahemla and migrate northward to escape the increasing wickedness and find new lands to settle. Verses 4-5: Migration to the Land Northward Verse 4:  The Nephites' migration to the land northward is described, where they begin to settle new lands. This migration represents a significant expansion of Nephite territory and population. Verse 5:  The Nephites in the land northward discover large forests and begin to build homes, cities, and infrastructure, marking a period of growth and development. Verses 6-9: Challenges of Settlement and Technological Adaptation Verse 6:  The Nephites encounter challenges in the land northward, including a lack of timber, which necessitates the use of cement to build homes. This verse provides insights into the technological adaptations of the Nephites in response to environmental conditions. Verse 7:  Despite the lack of timber, the Nephites manage to import wood from other areas and continue to build and expand their cities. Verse 8:  The Nephites' expansion is so extensive that they fill almost the entire land, from the southern borders near Zarahemla to the northern lands, which signifies their increasing population and prosperity. Verse 9:  The migration and settlement in the land northward lead to the creation of new cities, highlighting the industriousness and determination of the Nephites during this period. Verses 10-12: Continued Migration and Prosperity Verse 10:  Migration continues, with large groups of people leaving the land of Zarahemla and moving to the land northward, where they establish themselves in new communities. Verse 11:  The land northward becomes densely populated as the Nephites settle in various parts of the region, leading to increased prosperity and growth. Verse 12:  The prosperity of the people is attributed to their diligence and hard work, which allows them to overcome the challenges of their new environment. Verses 13-15: Historical Record and Summary Verse 13:  The narrative pauses to note that the full account of the Nephite migration and expansion is recorded in the larger Nephite record, which includes details not included in the Book of Mormon. Verse 14:  The record also includes accounts of wars, contentions, and other significant events that shaped Nephite history during this period. Verse 15:  The mention of the record-keeping process emphasizes the importance of documenting both the spiritual and temporal aspects of Nephite life. Verses 16-19: Church Growth and Internal Challenges Verse 16:  Despite the growth and prosperity of the Nephites, pride begins to creep into the church, leading to divisions and conflicts among its members. Verse 17:  However, many members of the church remain humble and faithful, and the church continues to grow in numbers and influence. Verse 18:  The humility and faithfulness of the righteous members of the church lead to peace and spiritual strength, which contrasts with the pride and contention among others. Verse 19:  The narrative emphasizes the need for humility and repentance as essential for maintaining spiritual well-being and societal peace. Verses 20-22: Helaman’s Righteous Leadership Verse 20:  Helaman, the chief judge, is noted for his righteousness and wisdom in leading the people. His leadership helps maintain order and stability during this time of growth and challenges. Verse 21:  Under Helaman’s guidance, the Nephites experience a period of peace and prosperity, which is attributed to the blessings of the Lord upon the faithful. Verse 22:  Helaman’s righteous leadership serves as an example of how faithful leaders can guide their people through times of trial and growth. Verses 23-25: Challenges of Pride and Division Verse 23:  Despite the peace and prosperity, pride continues to grow among some of the people, leading to increased divisions and conflicts within the church. Verse 24:  The pride and contention result in some members of the church becoming spiritually hardened and falling away from the faith. Verse 25:  However, many others remain steadfast in their faith, and the church continues to thrive, highlighting the contrast between the faithful and the prideful. Verses 26-30: The Power of Repentance and Humility Verse 26:  The narrative emphasizes that the growth of the church is directly tied to the humility and repentance of its members. As more people repent and turn to the Lord, the church grows stronger and more united. Verse 27:  The Lord’s blessings are poured out upon the repentant and humble, leading to increased prosperity and peace among the faithful. Verse 28:  The Lord’s mercy and willingness to forgive are highlighted as key factors in the continued growth and success of the church. Verse 29:  The chapter emphasizes that the path to eternal life is through faith, repentance, and obedience to the Lord’s commandments, and that those who follow this path will be blessed both spiritually and temporally. Verse 30:  The chapter concludes with a reminder that the Lord’s blessings are available to all who seek Him and live according to His commandments, and that righteousness will lead to eternal life. Verses 31-34: The Threat of Secret Combinations and Internal Strife Verse 31:  The narrative returns to the theme of secret combinations, noting that these groups continue to pose a threat to Nephite society, despite the prosperity and growth of the church. Verse 32:  The influence of secret combinations leads to increased wickedness and division among the people, threatening the peace and stability of the nation. Verse 33:  The pride and wickedness of the people, fueled by secret combinations, lead to internal strife and contention, weakening the Nephites from within. Verse 34:  The chapter emphasizes that pride and secret combinations are the primary sources of destruction in Nephite society, echoing earlier warnings about the dangers of internal corruption. Verses 35-37: Humility and Divine Protection Yielding Our Hearts to God -Scott Verse 35:  Despite the challenges, many of the Nephites remain humble and faithful, drawing closer to the Lord through fasting, prayer, and repentance. This humility brings them peace and spiritual strength. Verse 36:  The faithful are blessed with joy and prosperity, even as the wicked face increasing difficulties and challenges. Verse 37:  The chapter concludes by noting that Helaman dies in the 53rd year of the reign of the judges, leaving his son Nephi to succeed him as chief judge. This transition of leadership highlights the ongoing challenges and responsibilities of leading the Nephite nation. Overview Helaman 4 Helaman 4 describes a period of significant decline for the Nephites, both spiritually and politically. The chapter chronicles the consequences of pride, wickedness, and internal strife, leading to military defeats and the loss of many Nephite lands to the Lamanites. Despite efforts to reclaim their lands, the Nephites suffer due to their iniquity and refusal to fully repent. The chapter serves as a sobering reminder of the consequences of turning away from the Lord and the importance of humility and repentance. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Pride and Wickedness: The chapter emphasizes that pride and wickedness are the primary causes of the Nephites' decline. These sins lead to internal divisions, secret combinations, and ultimately military defeat, reflecting the broader scriptural theme that moral decay leads to national destruction. Nephite Cycle of Righteousness: Mormon's Warning for Us Today Consequences of Sin: The Nephites' losses are portrayed as the direct result of their refusal to repent and turn back to the Lord. This theme highlights the importance of repentance and the dangers of ignoring divine warnings. How Did the Nephites Become Weak in Such a Short Time? ’The Great and Terrible Judgments of the Lord’: Destruction and Disaster in 3 Nephi and the Geology of Mesoamerica Internal Strife and Secret Combinations: The chapter continues the theme of internal strife and the influence of secret combinations, which undermine Nephite society from within. These groups are depicted as a major threat to both the spiritual and temporal well-being of the Nephites. Righteous Leadership: The role of righteous leaders, such as Moronihah, Nephi, and Lehi, is emphasized as crucial to the Nephites' limited successes. Their efforts to lead the people in righteousness and call them to repentance are essential to the nation's recovery. The Law of Mosiah Divine Protection and Blessings: The chapter underscores that the Nephites' fortunes are directly tied to their faithfulness to the Lord. When they repent and turn back to Him, they receive His protection and blessings, but when they turn away, they face destruction. Repentance and Humility: The importance of repentance and humility is a central theme in the chapter. The Nephites' partial recovery is attributed to their efforts to repent, but the lingering effects of their pride and sin prevent them from fully restoring their nation. Cultural and Linguistic Insights: Geography: A Day and a Half's Journey for a Nephite The Narrow Neck of Land ’A Day and a Half's Journey for a Nephite Secret Combinations: The continued focus on secret combinations reflects ancient concerns about covert groups that seek to undermine legitimate authority. In the Bible, similar groups and conspiracies are depicted as threats to the stability of Israel (e.g., the conspiracy of Absalom in 2 Samuel 15). Military and Political Leadership: The roles of Moronihah, Nephi, and Lehi highlight the importance of both military and spiritual leadership in ancient societies. The combination of righteous governance and strong military leadership is portrayed as essential to the survival of the Nephite nation, similar to the roles of figures like Joshua and Samuel in the Old Testament. Comparisons to Israelite History: The Nephites' decline and partial recovery can be compared to similar periods in Israelite history, where cycles of apostasy, repentance, and deliverance are common (e.g., the cycles in the Book of Judges). This pattern reinforces the idea that the Nephites are repeating the mistakes of their ancestors and must learn from their history. Spiritual Decline and National Destruction: The connection between spiritual decline and national destruction is a recurring theme in both the Book of Mormon and the Bible. The Nephites' losses mirror the destruction of Israel and Judah, where moral decay led to conquest and exile (e.g., the fall of Jerusalem in 2 Kings 25). Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Helaman 4 Verses 1-3: Internal Division and the Rise of Secret Combinations Verse 1:  After the death of Helaman, internal divisions and pride lead to contentions among the Nephites, weakening their unity. This reflects the recurring theme of internal strife undermining the strength of the Nephite nation. Verse 2:  As a result of these divisions, many Nephites leave and join the Lamanites, further weakening the Nephite society. This defection is a significant loss and indicates the growing influence of the Lamanites. Verse 3:  The Lamanites, taking advantage of the Nephites' internal discord, begin to gain power and territory, highlighting the external threat that arises from internal weakness. Verses 4-5: Nephite Military Efforts Verse 4:  In the 58th year of the reign of the judges, the Nephites attempt to fortify their lands and prepare for war against the Lamanites. This verse marks the beginning of the Nephite efforts to reclaim their lost territories. Verse 5:  The Nephites initially have some success in their military efforts, retaking certain lands from the Lamanites. However, their victories are short-lived due to their continued wickedness. Verses 6-8: Lamanite Victories and Nephite Losses Verse 6:  Despite the Nephites' efforts, the Lamanites launch a successful counterattack, reclaiming many of the lands the Nephites had retaken. This demonstrates the Lamanites' growing power and the Nephites' inability to sustain their defenses. Verse 7:  The Lamanites capture key Nephite cities, including Zarahemla, which represents a significant military and symbolic defeat for the Nephites. Verse 8:  The Nephites are forced to retreat, losing much of their territory to the Lamanites. This verse underscores the devastating consequences of the Nephites' internal divisions and lack of righteousness. Verses 9-11: Reflection on Nephite Decline Verse 9:  The narrator reflects on how the Nephites' losses are directly tied to their wickedness and refusal to repent. This verse emphasizes the spiritual causes of their military defeats. Verse 10:  The Nephites' pride, dissensions, and secret combinations are identified as the primary reasons for their downfall, echoing earlier warnings about the dangers of internal corruption. Verse 11:  The chapter underscores that the Nephites' iniquity has led to their weakened state, making them vulnerable to external threats. This is a recurring theme in both the Book of Mormon and the Bible, where moral decay leads to national decline (e.g., the fall of Israel and Judah due to idolatry and wickedness). Verses 12-14: Nephite Efforts to Regroup and Repent Verse 12:  Recognizing their dire situation, the Nephites begin to humble themselves and turn back to the Lord, seeking His help in reclaiming their lands and restoring their nation. Verse 13:  The Nephites' repentance leads to some success in reclaiming their territories, but their efforts are hindered by the lingering effects of their previous wickedness. Verse 14:  Despite their efforts to repent and regroup, the Nephites are only able to reclaim a portion of their lands, and they remain in a weakened state. This verse highlights the long-term consequences of sin and the difficulty of fully recovering from its effects. Verses 15-18: The Role of Righteous Leadership Verse 15:  Moronihah, Nephi, and Lehi are identified as key leaders who work to restore righteousness among the Nephites. Their efforts to preach repentance and lead by example are crucial to the Nephites' limited success. Verse 16:  Moronihah, as the military leader, is able to strengthen the Nephites' defenses and provide some stability, but his efforts are limited by the people's continued struggles with pride and sin. Verse 17:  Nephi and Lehi, as spiritual leaders, focus on preaching the gospel and calling the people to repentance. Their work is essential to the Nephites' spiritual renewal, even if it is not fully successful in reversing the nation's decline. Verse 18:  The narrative emphasizes that the Nephites' partial recovery is due to the righteous leadership of these men, but it also underscores that their full redemption depends on the people's willingness to truly repent and follow the Lord. Verses 19-23: Continued Struggles and Warnings Verse 19:  Despite some successes, the Nephites continue to struggle with pride and division, which undermines their efforts to fully restore their nation. Verse 20:  The chapter highlights the ongoing challenges of secret combinations, which continue to pose a threat to Nephite society. These groups operate in secrecy, seeking power through wicked means. Verse 21:  The narrator warns that unless the Nephites fully repent and rid themselves of pride and secret combinations, they will continue to face destruction. Verse 22:  The Nephites' situation is compared to previous periods of decline in their history, emphasizing that they have faced similar challenges before and must learn from their past mistakes. Verse 23:  The chapter concludes with a call to repentance, urging the Nephites to turn back to the Lord and seek His protection and guidance in order to avoid further destruction. Verses 24-26: Final Reflection on the Nephites' Condition The Spirit Does Not Dwell in Unholy Temples Verse 24:  The narrator reflects on the Nephites' spiritual condition, noting that they have experienced both great prosperity and great destruction, depending on their faithfulness to the Lord. Verse 25:  The chapter emphasizes that the Nephites' current struggles are a direct result of their pride and wickedness, and that only through humility and repentance can they hope to regain the Lord's favor. Verse 26:  The final verse serves as a reminder that the Lord's blessings are available to all who seek Him and live according to His commandments, but that those who turn away from Him will face the consequences of their actions. How Did the Nephites Become Weak in Such a Short Time? Overview Helaman 5 Helaman 5 is a pivotal chapter in the Book of Mormon, emphasizing the power of repentance, faith in Jesus Christ, and the influence of the Holy Ghost. The chapter begins with Nephi and Lehi, the sons of Helaman, relinquishing their political positions to focus on their spiritual mission. Their ministry leads to the conversion of thousands, including many Lamanites. The chapter is also known for the miraculous deliverance of Nephi and Lehi from prison, where they are surrounded by a divine fire, hear the voice of God, and witness the conversion of their captors through the power of the Holy Ghost. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Repentance and Faith in Christ: The chapter emphasizes the power of repentance and faith in Jesus Christ as the only means of salvation. This theme is central to the Book of Mormon’s message and is highlighted throughout the chapter. The Power of the Holy Ghost: The chapter showcases the transformative power of the Holy Ghost, which brings about conversion and spiritual renewal. The role of the Holy Ghost as a witness of Christ and a source of truth is emphasized repeatedly. Miracles and Divine Protection: The miraculous deliverance of Nephi and Lehi from prison serves as a powerful testament to God’s protection and the reality of divine intervention in the lives of the faithful. Celestial Visits in the Scriptures, and a Plausible Mesoamerican Tradition The Power of the Word: The Supremacy of the Word: Alma’s Mission to the Zoramites and the Conversion of the Lamanites The Role of Righteous Leadership: Nephi and Lehi’s decision to focus on their spiritual mission, rather than political power, highlights the importance of righteous leadership in bringing about spiritual change and growth. ’He Is a Good Man’: The Fulfillment of Helaman 5:6-7 in Helaman 8:7 and 11:18-19 Helaman's Quotation of Benjamin Legal Cases and Procedures in the Book of Mormon Unity and Peace Through the Gospel: The chapter concludes with a powerful message of peace and unity, showing that the gospel of Jesus Christ has the power to heal divisions and bring people together, even those who were once enemies. Transformation of the Lamanites: The conversion of the Lamanites serves as a powerful example of the gospel’s ability to transform lives and societies, leading to lasting peace and prosperity. ’My People Are Willing’: The Mention of Aminadab in the Narrative Context of Helaman 5-6 Was Aminadab a Zoramite Cultural and Linguistic Insights: Naming and Legacy: Helaman’s counsel to his sons about the significance of their names reflects ancient cultural practices where names carried deep meanings and were often tied to one’s identity and mission. In Hebraic culture, names often reflected divine attributes or prophetic roles (e.g., the name "Isaiah" means "The Lord is Salvation"). The Rock of Christ: The metaphor of Christ as a rock is a common biblical theme (e.g., Psalms 18:2; 1 Corinthians 10:4). It signifies strength, stability, and protection, qualities that are attributed to those who build their lives on faith in Jesus Christ. Why Did Helaman Want His Sons to Remember to Build upon the Rock? Why Did Helaman Compare Christ to a Rock? Divine Manifestations: The divine fire and the voice from heaven are reminiscent of similar manifestations in the Bible, such as the burning bush in Exodus 3 and the still, small voice in 1 Kings 19. These events demonstrate God’s power and His desire to communicate with His people. Geography: Twelve Journeys between the Cities of Nephi and Zarahemla Role of the Holy Ghost: The emphasis on the Holy Ghost as the source of truth and conversion reflects the teachings of the New Testament, where the Holy Ghost is described as the Comforter and the Spirit of truth (John 14:26; John 16:13). To ‘See and Hear Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Helaman 5 Verses 1-4: Nephi and Lehi’s Decision to Preach the Gospel Verse 1:  Nephi relinquishes the judgment seat, recognizing that his time is better spent in preaching the word of God. This decision reflects his commitment to spiritual matters over political power, similar to his ancestor Alma the Younger. Verse 2:  The Nephites are described as being in a state of wickedness, characterized by pride, contention, and secret combinations, which further motivates Nephi and Lehi to focus on spiritual reformation. Verse 3:  Nephi and Lehi, recognizing the dire spiritual state of their people, begin to preach repentance, following in the footsteps of their father Helaman and their ancestors. Verse 4:  They dedicate their lives to preaching the gospel to both the Nephites and the Lamanites, seeking to bring about a spiritual renewal among all the people. Verses 5-7: Helaman’s Counsel to His Sons Verse 5:  The chapter shifts focus to the words of their father, Helaman, who counsels Nephi and Lehi to remember the teachings and faith of their ancestors. Verse 6:  Helaman reminds them of the significance of their names, recalling the faith and righteousness of Nephi, the first leader of the Nephites, and Lehi, their father who led them out of Jerusalem. Verse 7:  Helaman exhorts his sons to build their foundation on the rock of their Redeemer, Jesus Christ, a key scriptural theme that echoes Jesus' teachings in the New Testament (Matthew 7:24-27). Verses 8-12: The Importance of Building on the Rock of Christ Why Did Helaman Want His Sons to Remember to Build upon the Rock? Verse 8:  Helaman emphasizes that only through faith in Jesus Christ can one withstand the trials and challenges of life. This verse underscores the central role of Christ in salvation. Verse 9:  Helaman further teaches that it is only through the name of Jesus Christ that salvation can come, reinforcing the doctrine of Christ as the Redeemer. Verse 10:  The chapter highlights that salvation comes through repentance and faith in Jesus Christ, a recurring theme throughout the Book of Mormon. Verse 11:  Helaman emphasizes that Christ’s atonement is the only means by which humanity can be saved, a foundational doctrine in both the Book of Mormon and the Bible (e.g., John 14:6). Verse 12:  Helaman concludes his counsel by urging his sons to build their lives on the "rock" of Christ, a metaphor that symbolizes the strength and stability that come from faith in the Savior. Why Did Helaman Compare Christ to a Rock? Build on the Rock of Our Redeemer -Eyring Verses 13-14: Nephi and Lehi Preach with Power and Authority Verse 13:  Nephi and Lehi begin their missionary work, preaching with the power and authority of God. Their efforts result in many conversions among both the Nephites and the Lamanites. Verse 14:  The narrative highlights that Nephi and Lehi follow the example of their ancestors, preaching with faith and conviction, which leads to miraculous results. To Remember and to Forget Verses 15-19: Conversion of the Lamanites Verse 15:  Nephi and Lehi preach among the Lamanites in Zarahemla and the surrounding areas, where they experience great success in converting many Lamanites to the gospel. Verse 16:  The Lamanites who are converted experience a profound change of heart, abandoning their wicked ways and embracing the teachings of Jesus Christ. Verse 17:  The influence of Nephi and Lehi’s preaching spreads throughout the region, leading to widespread conversions among the Lamanites. Verse 18:  Many Lamanites are baptized and join the Nephite church, reflecting the power of the gospel to bring about spiritual transformation. Verse 19:  The narrative emphasizes that the success of Nephi and Lehi’s ministry is due to their faith and reliance on the power of God, not their own abilities. Verses 20-22: Nephi and Lehi Imprisoned Nephi and Lehi Testify of Christ and Are Protected By Divine Power Verse 20:  Despite their success, Nephi and Lehi are imprisoned by the Lamanites in the city of Nephi. This event marks a turning point in the chapter, as their imprisonment sets the stage for a miraculous deliverance. Verse 21:  The Lamanites who imprison Nephi and Lehi intend to kill them, but they are unaware of the divine protection that surrounds the two prophets. Verse 22:  As Nephi and Lehi are held in prison, a miraculous event occurs: they are surrounded by a divine fire that does not harm them, demonstrating God’s power and protection. Verses 23-26: Divine Manifestation in Prison Shining Faces Verse 23:  The divine fire surrounding Nephi and Lehi astonishes the Lamanite guards, who fear for their lives and recognize that they are witnessing a manifestation of God’s power. Verse 24:  A voice from heaven is heard, calling the Lamanites to repentance and telling them to stop persecuting Nephi and Lehi. This voice is described as a still, small voice, reminiscent of the voice heard by Elijah in 1 Kings 19:12. Verse 25:  The Lamanites are struck with fear and awe as they witness this divine manifestation, and they begin to realize the truth of Nephi and Lehi’s teachings. Verse 26:  The voice from heaven continues to speak, offering comfort and reassurance to Nephi and Lehi, and inviting the Lamanites to repent and seek forgiveness. Divine Fire and the Exodus Pattern Verses 27-32: The Conversion of the Lamanite Guards Verse 27:  One of the Lamanite guards, named Aminadab, recognizes the divine nature of the events and recalls his previous knowledge of the gospel, having once been a member of the Nephite church. Verse 28:  Aminadab calls on the other Lamanites to repent and pray to God for forgiveness, leading them to cry out in prayer and repentance. Verse 29:  As the Lamanites pray, the voice from heaven speaks again, declaring peace and forgiveness to those who repent. Verse 30:  The Holy Ghost descends upon the Lamanites, filling them with joy and the light of the gospel. This experience leads to their complete conversion. Verse 31:  The Lamanites are overwhelmed by the power of the Holy Ghost, and they become new creatures in Christ, abandoning their previous wickedness. Verse 32:  The chapter emphasizes that the conversion of the Lamanites is a direct result of the power of the Holy Ghost, which testifies of the truth and brings about spiritual transformation. Why Do New Testament Words and Phrases Show up in the Book of Mormon? Part 3: Revelations to Nephite Prophets as a Source (Part A) Verses 33-36: The Ministry of Nephi and Lehi Continues Verse 33:  After their miraculous deliverance from prison, Nephi and Lehi continue their ministry among the Lamanites, preaching with even greater power and authority. Verse 34:  The Lamanites who are converted become missionaries themselves, spreading the gospel to their own people and leading many more to repentance. Verse 35:  The chapter highlights the profound change in the Lamanites, who go from being enemies of the Nephites to becoming fervent disciples of Christ. Verse 36:  The narrative emphasizes that the success of Nephi and Lehi’s ministry is due to their unwavering faith in Christ and their reliance on the Holy Ghost. Aminadab Wordplay Verses 37-41: Peace Among the Nephites and Lamanites Verse 37:  As a result of the widespread conversions, peace is established between the Nephites and the Lamanites, marking a significant turning point in the relationship between the two groups. Verse 38:  The Lamanites, who were once enemies of the Nephites, now work together with them to build a society based on the teachings of Christ. Verse 39:  The chapter emphasizes that the peace is a direct result of the spiritual transformation that has taken place among the Lamanites, who have fully embraced the gospel. Verse 40:  The Nephites and Lamanites both experience prosperity and happiness as they live according to the principles of the gospel, reflecting the blessings that come from righteousness. Verse 41:  The narrative concludes with a reflection on the power of the gospel to bring about lasting peace and unity among people who were once enemies. Verses 42-44: The Power of the Holy Ghost Verse 42:  The chapter reiterates that the conversion of the Lamanites was made possible by the power of the Holy Ghost, which brought them to a deep understanding of the gospel. Verse 43:  The Holy Ghost is described as the source of all truth and enlightenment, guiding people to repentance and faith in Christ. Verse 44:  The chapter concludes with a reminder that the Holy Ghost is available to all who seek it with sincere hearts and who are willing to repent and follow the teachings of Christ. Verses 45-52: The Fruits of Repentance and Faith Verse 45:  The Lamanites who are converted experience the fruits of repentance, including peace, joy, and a renewed sense of purpose in following Christ. Verse 46:  The narrative highlights that the Lamanites’ conversion is sincere and lasting, leading to a complete transformation of their lives. Verse 47:  The chapter emphasizes that the Lamanites’ conversion serves as a powerful example of the fruits of faith and repentance, which bring about true and lasting change. Verse 48:  The peace between the Nephites and the Lamanites is seen as a direct result of their shared faith in Christ, which overcomes their previous enmity. Verse 49:  The chapter highlights that the gospel of Jesus Christ has the power to unite people from all backgrounds and bring about peace and reconciliation. Verse 50:  The narrative concludes with a reflection on the importance of continuing in faith and righteousness, so that the blessings of peace and prosperity can be maintained. Verse 51:  The chapter emphasizes that the Lamanites’ conversion is a testament to the power of the gospel, and that their example can inspire others to seek the same spiritual transformation. Verse 52:  The final verse serves as a reminder that the blessings of the gospel are available to all who are willing to repent, exercise faith in Christ, and follow His teachings. Overview Helaman 6 Helaman 6 describes a period of peace and prosperity that follows the conversion of many Lamanites. However, it also details the growing influence of secret combinations, particularly the Gadianton robbers, which leads to a dramatic shift from righteousness to widespread wickedness. The chapter highlights the contrast between the righteous Lamanites and the increasingly corrupt Nephites, and it serves as a warning about the dangers of secret combinations and the consequences of pride and iniquity. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Righteousness vs. Wickedness: The chapter contrasts the righteousness of the Lamanites with the wickedness of the Nephites. This theme highlights the idea that spiritual prosperity and temporal blessings are tied to righteousness, while wickedness leads to decline and destruction. Secret Combinations: The rise of the Gadianton robbers is a central theme in this chapter. These secret combinations are depicted as a major threat to Nephite society, corrupting the government and leading to widespread wickedness. Gadianton Masonry Secret Combinations Revisited The Power of the Gospel: The conversion of the Lamanites and their commitment to the gospel are emphasized as sources of strength and protection. Their efforts to preach to the Nephites, despite the Nephites’ decline, demonstrate the transformative power of the gospel. Pride and Its Consequences: The Nephites’ downfall is attributed to their pride, which leads them to reject the gospel and embrace wickedness. This theme echoes throughout the Book of Mormon, where pride is consistently portrayed as a source of spiritual and temporal destruction. The Ancient Doctrine of the Two Ways and the Book of Mormon Repentance and Forgiveness: The chapter emphasizes that repentance is always possible, even in the midst of widespread wickedness. The Lord’s willingness to forgive those who turn to Him is a recurring message in the Book of Mormon. The Role of Righteous Leadership: The Lamanites’ success in eradicating the Gadianton robbers from their lands is attributed to their righteous leadership and commitment to gospel principles. This theme highlights the importance of strong, righteous leadership in maintaining societal stability. Cultural and Linguistic Insights: Who Was Zelph? Chiasmus in Mesoamerican Texts Chia smus in Helaman 6:7–13 Charting the Book of Mormon Chiasmus in Helaman 6:7–13 Reexploring the Book of Mormon Why Was Chiasmus Used in Nephite Record Keeping? Precious Metals and Economic Prosperity: The discovery of precious metals and their use in craftsmanship reflects ancient economic practices, where wealth and trade were often tied to the availability of resources like gold and silver. Why Was Chiasmus Used in Nephite Record Keeping? Challenging Conventional Views of Metal Secret Combinations: The concept of secret combinations draws parallels with biblical stories of conspiracies and hidden wickedness that threaten societal order (e.g., Absalom’s conspiracy in 2 Samuel 15). These groups are portrayed as a major danger to both the spiritual and temporal well-being of a nation. What is the Difference Between "Robbers" and "Thieves" in the Book of Mormon? Getting Cain and Gain Hiding the Secret Plans Cultural Exchange and Trade: The peace and prosperity that lead to increased travel and trade between the Nephites and Lamanites reflect ancient Near Eastern practices, where trade routes and alliances often led to cultural exchanges and the spread of ideas and goods. The Role of Missionaries: The Lamanite missionaries who preach to the Nephites reflect the broader scriptural theme of the importance of missionary work in spreading the gospel. In the New Testament, Christ’s apostles are sent out to preach to all nations, similar to the efforts of the Lamanite missionaries (e.g., Matthew 28:19-20). Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Helaman 6 Verses 1-3: Peace and Prosperity Between Nephites and Lamanites Verse 1:  Following the great conversion of the Lamanites in Helaman 5, peace prevails between the Nephites and Lamanites. Many Lamanites have joined the church and are now living in harmony with the Nephites. Verse 2:  The narrative emphasizes that the Lamanites are now more righteous than the Nephites, highlighting a significant shift in the spiritual state of the two groups. Verse 3:  Lamanite missionaries travel to the Nephite lands to preach repentance, reflecting their deep commitment to the gospel and their desire to help the Nephites return to righteousness. Verses 4-6: Prosperity and Trade Verse 4:  The peace between the Nephites and Lamanites leads to a period of prosperity, with trade and commerce flourishing between the two nations. The Nephites and Lamanites exchange goods and services, and their economies grow stronger. Verse 5:  Both nations experience increased wealth and abundance, which is attributed to their efforts to live according to gospel principles. Verse 6:  The righteous Nephites and Lamanites continue to strengthen their relationships through trade, mutual respect, and shared religious values, further solidifying the peace between them. Verses 7-9: Travel and Cultural Exchange Verse 7:  The peace and prosperity allow for increased travel and cultural exchange between the Nephites and Lamanites. People freely move between the lands of the Nephites and Lamanites, visiting each other and sharing knowledge and ideas. Verse 8:  The chapter notes that people also begin to travel to other parts of the land, including the land northward, indicating continued expansion and exploration by both Nephites and Lamanites. Verse 9:  The prosperity and freedom to travel lead to the establishment of new cities and settlements, as people seek opportunities in different parts of the land. Chiasmus in Helaman 6:7–13 Verses 10-14: Discoveries of Precious Metals Verse 10:  The people in the land northward discover significant deposits of precious metals, including gold and silver, which contribute to their wealth and prosperity. Verse 11:  These metals are used to create fine workmanship, reflecting the advanced craftsmanship and wealth of the Nephites and Lamanites during this period. Verse 12:  The narrative highlights the abundance of resources available to the people, which further fuels their economic growth. Verse 13:  The chapter emphasizes that the prosperity is a result of the people’s righteousness and adherence to the principles of the gospel. Verse 14:  The wealth and prosperity of the people are portrayed as blessings from God, given in response to their obedience and faithfulness. Why Was Chiasmus Used in Nephite Record Keeping? Verses 15-17: The Beginning of Wickedness Verse 15:  Despite the initial period of righteousness and prosperity, pride and wickedness begin to creep into Nephite society, particularly in the 60th year of the reign of the judges. This marks the beginning of a decline in the spiritual state of the Nephites. Verse 16:  The Nephites start to become complacent in their prosperity, leading to pride, greed, and a focus on material wealth rather than spiritual matters. Verse 17:  This spiritual decline opens the door for the resurgence of secret combinations, particularly the Gadianton robbers, who begin to gain power and influence within Nephite society. Verses 18-20: The Rise of the Gadianton Robbers Verse 18:  The Gadianton robbers infiltrate Nephite society, taking control of the government and corrupting its leaders. Their influence leads to widespread corruption, as they use their power for personal gain and to protect their secret combinations. Verse 19:  The Gadianton robbers’ rise to power is described as a significant turning point in Nephite history, marking the beginning of a period of darkness and wickedness. Verse 20:  The narrative emphasizes that the Gadianton robbers’ influence is particularly strong among the Nephites, whereas the Lamanites, who have remained righteous, are largely free from their influence. What is the Difference Between "Robbers" and "Thieves" in the Book of Mormon? Verses 21-25: The Righteous Lamanites Verse 21:  The Lamanites, who have embraced the gospel, become vigilant in rooting out the Gadianton robbers from among them. Their commitment to righteousness allows them to maintain peace and order in their society. Verse 22:  The Lamanites are successful in eradicating the Gadianton robbers from their lands, showing that their adherence to the gospel protects them from the dangers of secret combinations. Verse 23:  The chapter highlights the stark contrast between the Nephites, who are succumbing to the influence of the Gadianton robbers, and the Lamanites, who are flourishing in righteousness. Verse 24:  The Lamanites’ example of righteousness serves as a model for the Nephites, but many Nephites ignore the warnings and continue to fall deeper into wickedness. Verse 25:  The narrative emphasizes that the Lamanites’ righteousness is a direct result of their conversion and commitment to the gospel, whereas the Nephites’ decline is due to their pride and refusal to repent. When Did Cement Become Common in Ancient America? Cement Verses 26-30: The Nephites’ Decline Verse 26:  As the Gadianton robbers gain more power among the Nephites, the spiritual state of the Nephite nation continues to deteriorate. The influence of these secret combinations leads to widespread corruption and moral decay. Verse 27:  The chapter notes that the Nephites’ decline is a result of their rejection of the gospel and their embrace of wickedness, despite the many blessings they had previously received. Verse 28:  The Gadianton robbers infiltrate all levels of Nephite society, from the government to the common people, leading to a breakdown of law and order. Verse 29:  The Nephites’ once-prosperous society begins to crumble under the weight of their sins and the influence of the Gadianton robbers. Verse 30:  The chapter emphasizes that the Nephites’ decline is self-inflicted, as they have turned away from the Lord and allowed wickedness to take root in their society. Traditions of Cain Verses 31-33: Lamanite Missionaries Among the Nephites Verse 31:  Despite the Nephites’ decline, Lamanite missionaries continue to preach among them, calling them to repentance. The Lamanites’ efforts to help their Nephite brethren reflect their deep commitment to the gospel. Verse 32:  Some Nephites respond to the Lamanite missionaries and repent, but the majority remain hardened in their hearts and refuse to listen. Verse 33:  The chapter highlights the irony that the Lamanites, once considered the enemies of the Nephites, are now the ones trying to save them from spiritual destruction. Verses 34-36: The Consequences of Wickedness Verse 34:  The narrative emphasizes that the Nephites’ wickedness leads to increased suffering and hardship, as they are no longer under the Lord’s protection. Verse 35:  The Nephites begin to experience military defeats, economic decline, and social unrest as a result of their sins and the influence of the Gadianton robbers. Verse 36:  The chapter warns that unless the Nephites repent and turn back to the Lord, they will continue to face destruction and despair. Verses 37-41: Final Reflections on the Nephite-Lamanite Contrast Verse 37:  The chapter concludes with a reflection on the contrast between the righteous Lamanites and the wicked Nephites. The Lamanites, who were once enemies of the Nephites, are now a righteous people who are blessed by the Lord. Verse 38:  The Nephites, on the other hand, have fallen into wickedness and are suffering the consequences of their actions. Verse 39:  The narrative emphasizes that the Lamanites’ righteousness is a result of their conversion and faith in Christ, whereas the Nephites’ decline is due to their rejection of the gospel. Verse 40:  The chapter serves as a warning to all people that righteousness leads to blessings and prosperity, while wickedness leads to destruction and suffering. Verse 41:  The final verse concludes with a reminder that the Lord is merciful and willing to forgive those who repent, but those who continue in their wickedness will face the consequences of their actions.   Secret Combinations - Ballard Church Videos & Resources Alma-Helaman Talks and References This Month in Come Follow Me Games, Stories, & Activities for Kids Book of Mormon Videos Images Scripture Central Study Guide . The study guide with the Reading Plan is now up under the Scripture Central Podcast Materials BYU’s RSC Patterns of Apostasy in the Book of Helaman The Terrifying Book of Helaman

CFM : February 24–March 2 D&C 18  Videos, Podcasts, & Weekly Lesson Material Media Resource Links BYU RSC Library D&C 18 The "How" of Scriptural Study Joseph Smith and Hearty Repentance "You Shall Have My Word": The Personal Ministry of Jesus Christ in the Restoration Come Follow Church History with Lynne Hilton Wilson D&C 18 Doctrine and Covenants 18 | Feb 24 - March 2 | Come Follow Church History with Lynne Hilton Wilson Come Follow Me Kid D&C 18 Come Follow Me Scott Woodward & Casey Griffiths D&C 18 Doctrine and Covenants 18 | Scott Woodward & Casey Griffiths | Come Follow Me LDS | Feb 24 - Mar 2 Come Follow Up D&C 18 Doctrine and Covenants | Feb 24-Mar 2 | Section 18 | Come Follow Up on BYUtv Don't Miss This D&C 18 Come Follow Me Doctrine and Covenants Section 18 (Feb. 24-Mar. 2) Don't Miss This Follow Him D&C 18 Doctrine & Covenants 18 Part 1 • Dr. Steven C. Harper • February 24 - March 2 • Come Follow Me Doctrine & Covenants 18 Part 2 • Dr. Steven C. Harper • February 24 - March 2 • Come Follow Me Transcripts Grounded with Barbara Morgan D&C 18 Hurricane Adult Religion Class D&C 18 Video:   Doctrine and Covenants Lesson 5: Early revelations & the Melchizedek Priesthood Website Notes Slides Seminary Decks Seminary Learning Ideas Leadership insights Latter Day Kids D&C 18 The Castle and the Keys Line Upon Line D&C 18-19 Meridian Magazine Podcast D&C 18 Our Mother's Knew It D&C 18 Saving Talents D&C 18 Scripture Study Central D&C 18 Come Follow Me Insights (Doctrine and Covenants 18-19, Feb 22-28) Come Follow Me with Casey Paul Griffiths (Doctrine and Covenants 18-19, Feb 22-28) Come Follow Me: Act in Doctrine (Doctrine and Covenants 18–19, Feb 22–28) Hard Questions in Church History with Lynne Hilton Wilson: Week 9 (D&C 18-19, Feb 22-28) Come Follow Me with Taylor Halverson (Doctrine and Covenants 18-19, Feb 22-28) Come Follow Me with John Hilton III (Doctrine and Covenants 18-19, Feb 22-28) Doctrine and Covenants 18, with Scott Woodward Scripture Explorers D&C 18 D&C 18 Built On The Rock | Doctrine and Covenants 2025 Scripture Gems D&C 18 Scripture Insights D&C 18 Doctrine & Covenants 18. Lesson 9. CFM 2025. Scripture Insights Talking Scripture D&C 18 Ep 309 | D&C 18, Come Follow Me 2025 (February 24-March 2) The Interpreter Foundation D&C 18 Study and Teaching Helps: 2025 Doctrine & Covenants Interpreter Radio Show — February 2, 2025, including Doctrine & Covenants in Context Nibley Lectures: Come, Follow Me Doctrine and Covenants Lesson 9 (D&C 18) Audio Roundtable: Come, Follow Me Doctrine and Covenants Lesson 9 (D&C 18–19) “Remember the New Covenant, Even the Book of Mormon” D&C 16-23 Scripture Roundtable: D&C Gospel Doctrine Lesson 11, "The Field Is White Already to Harvest" Scripture Roundtable: D&C Gospel Doctrine Lesson 35, "A Mission of Saving" The Red Crystal D&C 18 The Scriptures are Real D&C 18 Unshaken D&C 18 Come Follow Me - D&C 18 - The Worth of Souls Resources and Insights for this Week's Lesson   In our lesson this week, Joseph and Oliver are nearing the completion of the Book of Mormon, and they seek the Lord's guidance on what to do next. This revelation clarifies how they should proceed and offers valuable perspective, establishing the components needed for the building of the Lord's Church on Earth. Our Chapter outline below is divided into four sections: Verses 1–5  – Building Upon the Foundation of Christ Verses 6–16 – The Worth of Souls Verses 17–25 – Taking Upon Ourselves the Name of Christ Verses 26–36 – The Establishment and organization of the Priesthood, including the Calling and Mission of the Twelve. Each of these sections provides us with divine blueprints, not only for the building up of the Lord's Church, but for the building up of each and every one of us. When the LDS Conference Center was completed, Elder Packer gave a Conference address titled “ The Cloven Tongues of Fire . ” I n this address, he offered a parable and a poem. The Parable: A merchant man seeking precious jewels found at last the perfect pearl. He had the finest craftsman carve a superb jewel box and line it with blue velvet. He put his pearl of great price on display so others could share his treasure. He watched as people came to see it. Soon he turned away in sorrow. It was the box they admired, not the pearl. The poem: We are all blind, until we see That in the [universal] plan Nothing is worth the making if It does not make the man. Why build these [buildings] glorious, If man unbuilded goes? In vain we build the [world], unless The builder also grows. The word builder is highly significant from a Hebrew context, as the word בּוֹנֶה (Boneh) “builder” comes from the root בנה  (B-N-H), which is the verb that means to build, rebuild, establish, and cause to continue.  This root is similar to the root בן  (B-N), the base used to describe the Children of God, His sons and daughters. In Section 18, the Lord instructs His builders that His church must be built upon "the foundation  of my gospel and my rock," the Rock of Jesus Christ. While offered in English, the concept of building in these verses aligns with the biblical theme of constructing something durable and divinely sanctioned. Thus, an understanding of banah בנה can enrich our appreciation of what it means to build the Church: Divine Blueprint: Just as biblical builders were often tasked with following a divine plan (e.g., Noah's Ark, the Tabernacle), modern-day builders of the Church are to adhere to the blueprint provided by revelation and scripture. Enduring Foundation : The emphasis on building upon Christ as the Rock reflects the desire for an enduring, unshakeable foundation, much like the spiritual structures highlighted throughout scriptural history. This insight provides a deeper understanding of the role and responsibilities of those called to build—whether in terms of physical structures, families, or, in this case, the very Church of God's Kingdom upon the Earth. It underscores the necessity of divine involvement and guidance in all such endeavors. While preparing this lesson, I thought it would be fun to plug in some of these insights into AI to see if it could generate an image of a blueprint that would depict the ideas described in Section 18. This is what it came up with. I was absolutely delighted with this image because not only does it depict the principles outlined in this section, but it also incorporates the "eternal round" concepts that we examined in earlier lessons. This image reminds me of a tool that Musicians use in music theory. It is known as the Circle of Fifths. This tool functions as a harmonic compass, offering a tonal framework that helps them to know where they are in the music and how to get where they want and need to go. Although this tool is most commonly used to help developing musicians learn to identify their key signatures (outlining what notes have sharps or flats within the various keys), it represents so much more. This tool is an artistic palate that can be used in many different ways. It highlights the intricate relationships between various keys, organizing tonal hierarchies and illustrating potential transitions between keys. This includes suggesting tones and chords that can be used as substitutions to enrich the music with color, tension, and resolution, thereby making compositions more intentional and engaging. The Circle of Fifths is not just a learning aid; it is a foundational schema that enhances understanding and creativity in music composition. As musicians deepen their understanding and application of this framework, their skills and capacities flourish. This simple yet profound diagram is the cornerstone upon which all Western music rests; it quite literally represents "the song of all songs." Similarly, the Word of God, established on the foundation of Jesus Christ, offers a vast and rich tapestry akin to a collection of musical masterpieces. Scripture encompasses writings from numerous authors, written in various languages, and spans thousands of years. Can such a diverse and complex compilation be distilled into a straightforward and coherent framework like the Circle of Fifths? Remarkably, this is precisely what the Lord achieves in Doctrine & Covenants 18. Here, He provides a clear and concise blueprint that simplifies and organizes divine principles into a simple framework, allowing believers to navigate and deepen their understanding of the gospel's truths systematically. As we come to understand this basic framework, we can begin to plug in the various blocks and puzzle pieces into the frame, helping us to grasp a better concept of the bigger picture. If we recall earlier lessons, we might remember a version of this diagram. It is based on the new outline for the Church Youth Program. In previous lessons, we discussed how God's covenants with the Israelites during the Passover mirror those He makes with us today. In the Old Testament, these covenants are found in Exodus 6:6-7 . In the KJV, this reads: 6 Wherefore say unto the children of Israel, I am the Lord, and I will bring/(lead) you out (וְה וֹצֵא תִ֣י) from under the burdens of the Egyptians, and I will rid/(deliver) you (וְהִ צַּלְ תִּ֥י) of their bondage , and I will redeem (kinsman-redeemer) you (וְ גָאַלְ תִּ֤י) with a stretched out arm, and with great judgments: 7 And I will take you (וְ לָקַחְ תִּ֨י) to me for a people, and I will be to you a God: and ye shall know that I am the Lord your God , which bringeth you out from under the burdens of the Egyptians. In Elder Bednar's April 2019 Conference address, He outlined the covenants we make in the Temple today, including  the law of obedience, the law of sacrifice, the law of the gospel, the law of chastity, and the law of consecration. If we compare the laws given to the ancient Israelites to those that we make today, we can see many strong and insightful similarities. #1. Law of Obedience: If we want God to be our God, we must learn to Hear Him. In Hebrew, the word for Hear is  שָׁמַע  Shemah.  This word not only means hear, but it also means to obey and to hearken. #2. Through the Law of Sacrifice , we present a broken heart and a contrite spirit upon the Lord's altar, signifying our readiness to set aside personal desires in favor of serving the Lord according to His divine will and purposes. Much like the ancient Israelites who left their previous lives behind, our decision to follow Jesus Christ marks a commitment to walk His path toward eternal life and exaltation. The Lord assures us, "I will lead you (וְה וֹצֵא תִ֣י)," echoing His guidance through the wilderness and into the promised blessings. Similarly, just as Christ instructed His ancient Apostles to shepherd His flock, He has appointed modern-day Apostles to lead, guide, and nurture His Church. They fulfill this sacred duty through the governing Holy Order of the Priesthood, operating under the direct authority and direction of Jesus Christ. This continuity of divine leadership ensures that the Church remains steadfast on the path laid out by the Savior. #3 The next promise the Lord made with ancient Israel was "I will deliver you (וְהִ צַּלְ תִּ֥י)." It is through the Law of the Gospel that we discover a better way of life. Through the Word of God, we learn how to break free from the shackles that bind us and navigate around the pitfalls that lie in wait. Boyd K. Packer eloquently taught, “True doctrine, understood, changes attitudes and behavior. The study of the doctrines of the gospel will improve behavior quicker than a study of behavior will improve behavior.” In this transformative process, the Book of Mormon is indispensable. It clarifies and restores many of the plain and precious truths lost through thousands of years of translations and mistranslations of the Biblical record. This restoration of clear doctrine is a key theme that the Lord highlights to Joseph Smith and Oliver Cowdery in Section 18. Through these restored truths, we are equipped not only to understand the Gospel more comprehensively but also to apply its principles more effectively in our journey toward eternal salvation. #4 In the story of Ruth and Naomi, we witness the powerful symbolism of the kinsman-redeemer  (וְ גָאַלְ תִּ֤י – wega’alti , "I will redeem"). Ruth and Naomi, left destitute after the deaths of their husbands, faced an uncertain and precarious future. In their time, women could neither work nor own property independently, and without a male heir, their home, inheritance, and security were all but lost. According to the law, it was the responsibility of the next of kin to redeem the family’s legacy by caring for the widows of their deceased brethren. When Boaz learned that Naomi’s nearest kin was unable or unwilling to fulfill this duty, he willingly stepped forward as the go’el —the kinsman-redeemer. In doing so, he married Ruth, assumed all legal responsibility for her and Naomi, and restored their security and inheritance. He paid off their debts, protected them under his name, and acted as their mediator in all legal matters. This ancient practice of redemption foreshadowed the ultimate act of divine redemption fulfilled by Jesus Christ. Christ as Our Kinsman-Redeemer Just as Boaz redeemed Ruth and Naomi, Christ takes upon Himself the role of our eternal Kinsman-Redeemer. He is the Bridegroom, and Israel—His covenant people—is the Bride. When we enter the waters of baptism, we covenant with Him, binding ourselves to Him as part of His divine family. In this sacred covenant, He assumes and pays the price for our debts—spiritual and otherwise—taking upon Himself all legal obligations and responsibilities for our sins through His Atonement. He mediates on our behalf before the Father, covering us with His grace and ensuring our place in the eternal inheritance He has prepared for us. In return, He asks for our faithfulness. Just as Boaz required Ruth’s commitment and just as a husband and wife pledge loyalty to one another, so too are we asked to be steadfast in our devotion to Christ. This mirrors the Law of Chastity, which is not merely a law of physical purity but a profound representation of spiritual fidelity. It signifies that we will not turn to other gods, idols, or worldly substitutes. Our faithfulness to Christ, like the faithfulness of a bride to her bridegroom, is a testament to our devotion and love for Him. The story of Ruth and Boaz is more than a historical account; it is a reflection of Christ’s eternal role in our salvation. He redeems, restores, and protects those who willingly enter into His covenant. Just as Ruth and Naomi found peace and security under the protection of their kinsman-redeemer, we too can find refuge and eternal belonging in the arms of Christ, our Redeemer. When we are baptized, we solemnly take upon ourselves the name of Christ, symbolizing our legal adoption into His divine family. In Hebrew, the word שֵׁם ( shem ) encapsulates not just a name, but also reputation, character, and authority. To "take upon [us] the name of Christ" is a commitment to embodying His virtues and mission in our everyday actions and decisions. This covenant is reinforced during the Sacrament, reminding us of our promise to keep His commandments and to strive to reflect His character. Names in ancient traditions were far from arbitrary; they were imbued with deep significance, often reflecting one’s mission or purpose. This principle holds profoundly true for the name of Jesus Christ. Jesus : Derived from the Hebrew Yeshua/ Yehoshua , meaning “ YHWH saves ,” this name directly underscores Jesus’ mission of salvation as prophesied and fulfilled. It is a name that speaks to the very essence of His work on Earth, as highlighted in Matthew 1:21 , where God instructed Joseph on what to name the baby Mary was carrying, declaring that his name would be Jesus because He would save His people from their sins. Christ : From the Greek Christos  (Χριστός), translated from the Hebrew Mashiach  (מָשִׁיחַ), meaning "anointed one , " and commonly rendered as “Messiah” in English. This title is traditionally used to denote someone or even something (i.e. the ark of the covenant) that is consecrated and set apart by God for a divine purpose. In the New Testament context, Jesus is recognized as the prophesied savior and redeemer—the ultimate Messiah. The title "Christ" signifies His consecration and pivotal role in the divine plan of salvation. Throughout scripture, it is interesting to discover that many are designated as Meshiachs —those called and anointed to fulfill God’s purposes, such as Moses and King David. These individuals, though in different capacities, were anointed to lead and save in times of need. Similarly, when we engage in proxy work for the dead, we act as modern-day Meshiachs , or " Saviors on Mt. Zion ." In performing sacred ordinances and anointings in His name, we extend the redemptive power of His Atonement to those beyond the veil, embodying the mission encapsulated by our Savior’s name. By taking upon ourselves the name of Christ, we pledge to live lives that honor His name—not just in word but in deed, aligning our paths with His teachings and extending His love and salvation to all. This is our sacred duty and privilege as members of His eternal family, continually called to act in His stead, here and now. A Few of the Many Names and Titles Associated with God/Christ Hashem : In Hebrew, Hashem literally means "the name." This title is commonly used within Jewish discourse to refer to God without directly mentioning His sacred name, thereby showing reverence. (Mosiah 3:17 , 4:8 , 5:8 , Acts 4:12 ) Yahweh ( YHWH ) : Known as the most sacred name of God in the Old Testament, it's often rendered as “LORD” in all caps in translations like the KJV. This rendering replaces YHWH to honor the sacredness of the name, which is transliterated in modern times as Jehovah. This name reflects God’s eternal and self-existent nature. I AM : Revealed to Moses at the burning bush ( Exodus 3:14 ), the name אֶהְיֶה אֲשֶׁר אֶהְיֶה (Ehyeh Asher Ehyeh), translates as “I Am Who I Am” or “I Will Be What/Who I Will Be.” This name highlights God's independent existence and eternal constancy—He is unchanging, self-sufficient, and able to become whatever His people need Him to be. Connection to YHWH : The name YHWH, represented as יהוה in Hebrew, is believed to come from the same Hebrew verb root היה (H-Y-H). It is generally understood as “He Who Is,” “He Who Exists,” “He Causes to Be,” or “He Who Will Be.” This connection suggests that the name YHWH itself expresses God’s eternal, self-existent nature, encapsulating the concept of absolute being today, yesterday, and forever. Adonai : This Hebrew title, meaning “my Lord,” is used as a verbal substitute for YHWH in prayer and scripture reading, emphasizing respect for the divine name by avoiding its vain repetition . Emmanuel : Meaning “ God with us ,” symbolizing God’s presence with His people. Logos ( Word ) : Used in the New Testament to denote divine wisdom and agency in creation and revelation (John 1:1). Father : The title “ Father ” is frequently applied to Jesus Christ and is understood in several distinct but complementary ways. This multifaceted use of the term reflects the complex nature of Christ’s roles and attributes: Literal Sonship and Divine Investiture: As the Only Begotten Son in the flesh, Jesus represents the Father and exercises His authority perfectly, reflecting divine will and purpose as if directly from the Father Himself. Creator : Acknowledged as the Creator under the direction of God the Father, Christ’s role as “Father” in this sense speaks to His authority over all creation, illustrating His divine power and leadership. Spiritual Father : Through His atoning sacrifice, Jesus offers us spiritual rebirth, welcoming us into a covenant relationship where we are spiritually regenerated. In this role, He guides, nurtures, and leads us toward eternal life, much like a father cares for his children. Father of Righteousness : As the exemplar of all that is good and righteous, Jesus stands as a paternal figure leading us in paths of righteousness. His teachings, example, and sacrificial love map out the route to spiritual maturity and divine inheritance. Scriptural References: In the Book of Mormon, Christ is referred to as the “Everlasting Father” (Mosiah 15:4, Isaiah 9:6). This title emphasizes His divine attributes, His role in the creation, His eternal nature, and His function in the plan of salvation as the one who offers eternal life. #5 In my studies this week, this was perhaps the most profound, and it circles back to President Packer's opening poem about the purpose of this framework, the eternal worth of the builder, and all would-be builders. Central to these reflections is the Law of Consecration , which emphasizes building up the Kingdom of God on Earth. This is driven by the Lord's divine desire for His children to return home. God's aspiration is clear: He does not want any empty chairs at His table. A pivotal scripture that underpins this understanding is found in D&C 18:10-16, where it is declared that "the worth of souls is great in the sight of God." This statement sheds light on the magnitude of Christ’s atoning sacrifice. Jesus willingly endured the pain of all humanity, took upon Himself our infirmities and sins, and triumphed over death through His resurrection. This was done because He and our Heavenly Father cherish our souls so immensely—so much so that they believed that the Atonement justified the infinite price of Jesus' precious life. Our Savior quite literally went to hell and back to bring us home. The depth of this divine love is unimaginable, and we can not even begin to comprehend it. However, even still, it offers every soul the chance to return to God’s presence, emphasizing astounding themes of redemption and eternal progression. This leads us to the Lord's command to His servants to "cry repentance," which is rendered in Hebrew as קָרָא שׁוּב ( qārā ’ shuv ). This phrase is more than a chastisement as many interpret it today; it is far more, it is a divine invitation, a call for us to return home to God. While contemplating upon these verses, a song came to mind, "Bring Him Home" from Les Misérables. In this musical, Jean Valjean pleads for the life of Marius, a young and naive teenager grievously wounded in battle. As I reflected on this song, I imagined the Savior in Valjean’s place, singing this plea on behalf of each one of us. I imagined him singing this at the judgment seat as our advocate with the father. I was also reminded that just as Valjean interceded for Marius, we have a sacred opportunity to assist others along their journey as we faithfully strive to walk with them on their path to Christ through missionary work and sincere acts of love and service. D&C STUDY GUIDE Some Ways You Can Use This Study Guide Personal Study:  Read each verse (or group of verses) in D&C 10 , then refer to the chart’s central themes, description, and biblical/Hebrew/Greek insights. Copy and paste desired sections and links into your Scripture notes using your LDS Tools.  Add any additional insights and incorporate these into your personal collection, keeping the things you want to have easily accessible in one place. Teaching Settings:  Present each row as an opportunity for discussion points. Invite learners to visit CFMCorner.com so they can come to class prepared to share things they discovered while exploring the available resources and cross-references. Encourage them to share their insights.  As time permits, some Hebrew/Greek terms  are provided as cross-references to deepen understanding of linguistic or cultural context. However, this represents only a tiny sampling of what is available and waiting to be discovered.  Dive in and enjoy the available resources.   Chapter (Section) Outline 1. Overview Doctrine & Covenants 18 is a revelation given to Joseph Smith, Oliver Cowdery, and David Whitmer in June 1829 at Fayette, New York. They are seeking guidance on how to organize His Church. The Lord instructs them on the importance of building up His Church upon the foundation of the gospel and the worth of souls. This section also foretells the calling of the Twelve Apostles in the latter days, with counsel on identifying these chosen servants. Finally, the Lord reiterates fundamental doctrines of repentance, baptism, and enduring to the end as prerequisites for salvation. 2. Timeframe & Setting Date: June 1829 Location: Fayette, New York (in the Whitmer home) Occasion: Following the translation of much of the Book of Mormon, the Lord is preparing Joseph, Oliver, and David to organize and strengthen the Church. Oliver Cowdery specifically desires guidance on further steps to building the Church. 3. Key Circumstances Translation of the Book of Mormon nears completion (the plates were primarily translated in Harmony, Pennsylvania, and Fayette, New York). The Lord reveals that the Church should be built “upon the foundation of my gospel and my rock,” so that “the gates of hell shall not prevail against [them].” Joseph and his companions learn the worth of souls and receive instructions about calling the Twelve Apostles, who will take the gospel to “every creature.” 4. Purpose of the Revelation Establish the Rock of the Gospel: Emphasize reliance on scriptural truths that Joseph, Oliver, and David know to be true by the Spirit. Instruct them to “rely upon the things which are written.” Clarify the Doctrine of Salvation: Teach that all must “take upon [them] the name of Christ” (v. 21) in faith, repentance, and baptism. Underscore the joy in bringing souls unto Christ. Prepare for Apostolic Callings: Foretell the selection of the Twelve “who shall have the desires” to take upon them the name of Christ with full purpose of heart. 5. Significance Section 18 foreshadows the call of the Twelve Apostles in this dispensation. It highlights the worth of souls (vv. 10–16) and teaches about missionary work (“cry repentance unto this people”). This revelation reaffirms that the Church must be built on “the gospel and … rock” of the Savior, ensuring it can withstand opposition. The concepts of repentance, baptism, obedience, and joy in missionary labor remain foundational for Latter-day Saints worldwide. Main Topics and Themes from D&C 18 Major Topics & Themes Resources & Links Verses 1–5 – Foundation of the Church Theme: Build on Christ’s Gospel and Rock Description: These verses address Oliver Cowdery’s desire to know how to “build up [the] Church” (v. 4). The Lord reminds Oliver that the scriptures and the Spirit have already confirmed the truth of the translation work. Now, he is commanded to rely on those written words, for they establish “the foundation of my church, my gospel, and my rock” (v. 4). Building upon this sure foundation assures that “the gates of hell shall not prevail against you” (v. 5). Hebrew/Greek Insight: -Builder: בּוֹנֶה (Boneh) “builder” comes from the root בנה  (B-N-H).  This root shares some similarity to the root בן  (B-N), the basis for the words used to describe the Children of God,  - The word “rock” can be compared to the Greek “petra,” meaning a large, immovable stone foundation—symbolizing Christ’s unchanging nature. The “Rock” in scriptural usage often means a “sure foundation” (Greek πέτρα (petra, Strong’s G4073) = a large mass of rock or bedrock, symbolizing unchanging solidity. See Matthew 16:18 , 1 Corinthians 10:4 ). Reflection Questions: 1. What does it mean in your life to rely on the “foundation” of Christ’s gospel rather than worldly ideas? 2. How can you better turn to the “things which are written” (Scripture)?  When is the best time to do so?  3. The Lord uses a literary Pesher in vs. 4-5: build up my church,  the foundation of my gospel, the rock, the gates of hell shall not prevail against you.  How is this pesher significant and what can we learn from it? - Matthew 16:15–18 (The Rock of Revelation) - Helaman 5:12 (“Build upon the rock of our Redeemer”) - 1 Corinthians 10:4 General Conference Talk: " Revelation for the Church, Revelation for Our Lives " by President Russell M. Nelson, April 2018. General Conference Talk: " The Holy Ghost as Your Companion " by Henry B. Eyring, October 2015. President Eyring discusses how the Holy Spirit confirms the truth of the gospel to us, much like it was confirmed to Oliver Cowdery. General Conference Talk: " The Spirit of Revelation" by David A. Bednar , April 2011. This talk explains how personal revelation works and how to recognize it, aligning with how Oliver Cowdery received confirmation. General Conference Talk: " Personal Revelation: The Teachings and Examples of the Prophets " by Robert D. Hales, October 2007. Elder Hales teaches about the peace that comes from revelation from God, akin to the peace mentioned in D&C 18:4. Article: "Building a Sure Foundation on Jesus Christ” by Gerrit W. Gong. Like the renovated foundation of the Salt Lake Temple, we must sure up our foundation, built on Jesus Christ and His teachings.. ( Video ) General Conference Talk: " The Rock of Our Redeemer " by Wilford W. Andersen, April 2010. This talk discusses how Christ is the rock upon which we must build our foundations to withstand the trials of life. General Conference Talk: " The Eye of Faith " by Neil L. Andersen, April 2019. Explores the importance of scriptures in confirming truth and guiding decisions in the gospel.  General Conference Talk: " Upon This Rock " by Elder Bruce R. McConkie, April April 1981. This talk explains the foundational aspects of the gospel of Jesus Christ as the rock of our religion.  Article: " A fresh take on the wise man, foolish man story you’ll be thinking about all week " by LDS Living, discusses how building life on the foundation of Christ helps us withstand spiritual challenges. Verses 6–16 – The Worth of Souls Theme : Repentance, Joy, The Atonement of Christ, and Missionary Work (Return and Bring them Home) Description : The Lord declares that “the world is ripening in iniquity” (v. 6) and calls on Oliver, David, and all to preach repentance. These verses also include one of the most moving statements in scripture on the worth of souls (v. 10). Jesus Christ’s atoning sacrifice (vv. 11–12) makes possible the joy that comes from even “one soul” who repents (vv. 13, 15). The process of bringing even one soul home makes us part of that equation. Missionary labor is framed as a sacred opportunity to participate in the Savior’s redemptive work (vv. 14–16). Hebrew/Greek Insight: In D&C 18:10-16, the "worth of souls" is profoundly emphasized, portraying the immense value that God places on individual lives. The phrase underscores the eternal significance of each soul, reflecting the deep love and commitment that Christ has toward humanity. This concept is intricately linked with Christ’s atoning sacrifice and His resurrection, highlighting the purpose behind His suffering and ultimate triumph over death. Hebrew and Greek Analysis: Hebrew: ’erek  (עֵרֶךְ) Meaning: Valuation, price Contextual Use: In the Old Testament, ’erek often relates to the value assigned in vows or sacred obligations. It implies a sacred estimation, reflecting how God values the covenants and promises between Him and His people. Greek: timē  (τιμή) Meaning: Price, value, honor Contextual Use: In the New Testament, timē can reflect both the cost of something and the honor due to someone ( Acts 4:34 , 5:2-3 ). It often appears in contexts where the worth or honor of actions or offerings is discussed. (Pearl of “Great Price” πολύτιμον   Mat 13:46 )  Hebrew: nephesh  (נֶפֶשׁ) Meaning: Soul, life, mind, being, self, person Contextual Use: This term is used extensively to denote life or living beings, often in the context of God’s care and creation ( Genesis 2:7 ). It emphasizes the living, breathing essence endowed by God. Our souls come from him. Greek: psyche  (ψυχή, G5590) Meaning: Soul, life, self Contextual Use: New Testament usage reflects the soul as the essence of life, the seat of affections and will ( Matthew 10:28 , 16:25-26 ). It underscores the soul’s eternal value and the importance of its salvation. Reflection Questions: 1. Why is the “worth of souls … great in the sight of God” (v. 10)? How might that truth shape how we view ourselves and others? 2. How does focusing on the joy of even “one soul” help us find motivation in sharing the gospel? - Luke 15:4–7 (Joy in finding one lost sheep) - The Book of Mormon teaches the “worth of souls” in Alma 26:30 and Alma 31:34–35 (Ammon’s reflections on missionary work) General Conference Talk: "Go Ye Therefore" by Silvia H Allred, October 2008. This talk underscores the ongoing duty to teach and share the gospel, reflecting the directive given in this verse. Worldwide Yout Devotional: "Hope of Israel" by Russell M. Nelson, June 3, 2018. President Nelson discusses the significance of the gathering of Israel and the immense value of each soul to God.  General Conference Talk: "How Great Will Be Your Joy" by Elder Ronald A. Rasband, October 2023. Elder Rasband discusses the immense value of each soul to God and the joy in heaven over one repentant sinner.  General Conference Talk: " Come Unto Christ and Don't Come Alone " by Bonnie H. Cordon, October 2021. Sister Cordon emphasizes the call to all, especially the youth, to engage in the work of salvation, including calling others to repentance.  General Conference Talk:   "A Call to the Rising Generation " by Elder Brent H. Nielson, October 2009. Elder Mielson stresses the importance of Christ's commission to the Apostles, charging them to teach all nations and to bring them to the waters of baptism. General Conference Talk: " The Joy of Redeeming the Dead" by Richard G. Scott, October 2012. Elder Scott speaks about the joy found in bringing souls unto Christ, aligning with the sentiment expressed in these verses about bringing even one soul to salvation. General Conference Talk: " The Atonement and the Value of Ine Soul " by M Russell Ballard, April 2004. If we could truly understand the Atonement of the Lord Jesus Christ, we would realize how precious is one son or daughter of God. Verses 17–25 – Take Upon You the Name of Christ Theme: The Significance of The Name, Enduring to the End Description: Building on the focus on repentance and baptism, these verses stress that one must “take upon [them] the name of Christ” (v. 21) and “speak the truth in soberness” (v. 21). Only through the name of Jesus Christ can we be saved (v. 23). Notably, verses 22 and 24 highlight “all men must take upon them the name which is given of the Father.” The Lord warns that those who fail to embrace that covenant name cannot have a place in His kingdom (v. 25). Hebrew/Greek Insight: -“Name” in Hebrew: שֵׁם (shem, Strong’s H8034) = name, reputation, character, authority.  -Enduring to the end: ὑπομένω” G5278 ( hypomenō ) “the agency or means of   staying ” Edurance is a significant religious principle that underscores the dynamic nature of faith. It highlights the necessity of lifelong commitment to spiritual principles and continual reliance on Christ’s atonement. It represents courage and conviction, the Hebrew concept of “חָזַק” (chazaq). While the explicit term and some of the associated theological nuances are more prominent in the New Testament (Matthew 24:13) and LDS theology, the underlying principle of steadfast faithfulness resonates broadly across both Hebrew and Greek scriptural traditions. Reflection Questions: 1. What new commitments do you make when you “take upon [yourself] the name of Christ”? 2. 2. How does “speaking the truth in soberness” (v. 21) guard against hypocrisy or complacency in discipleship? 3. How can we deepen our commitment to “endure to the end” each day? - Mosiah 5:7–9 (King Benjamin’s people “take upon them” the name of Christ) - Alma 46:15 (Disciples called by the name of Christ) General Conference Talk: " Honorably Hold a Name and Standing ," April 2009. Elder Bednar explains the sacred nature of taking upon ourselves the name of Christ from the ordinances of baptism through receiving our temple covenants. General Conference Talk: " Endure and Be Lifted Up " by Russell M. Nelson, April 1997. Emphasizes the importance of enduring to the end and the promise of eternal life as the ultimate gift from God. Verses 26–36 – Calling and Mission of the Twelve Theme: Priesthood, Discipleship, and Ordination Description: The Lord now reveals that “there are others who are called to declare my gospel” (v. 26)—specifically, “twelve” (v. 27) who “shall take upon them my name with full purpose of heart” (v. 27). These future Apostles are to “go into all the world” (v. 28) and preach, baptize, and ordain other officers in the Church. God reassures them: “My grace is sufficient for you” (v. 31). He affirms that these words come by the Spirit, so they can testify they have “heard [His] voice” (v. 36). Hebrew/Greek Insight: -- Greek Word Study: -"Disciple" - μαθητεύω mathēteúō to become a pupil, learner ; transitively, to disciple, i.e. enrol as scholar:—be disciple, instruct, teach (This is where we get the word mathematics "the measurement of measures." Cognate with Hebrew root לָמַד lâmad (to measure ) - “Apostle” - “Apostle” in Greek: ἀπόστολος ( apóstolos , Strong’s G652) = “one sent forth,” emphasizing authority and commission. Reflection Questions: 1. How do these perspectives and instructions to the Twelve inform our own discipleship and willingness to take upon us the name of Christ? 2. Why is it significant that God emphasizes they will “walk uprightly” (v. 31) and rely on “my grace” (v. 31)? 3. In what ways can God’s grace (v. 31) empower us to fulfill challenging assignments or callings? - Luke 6:13 (Jesus calls the Twelve in the New Testament) - D&C 107:23 (Description of the role of the Twelve Apostles in modern revelation) Additional Resources: The Scripture Citation Index Doctrine & Covenants Stories Scripture Stories Coloring Book - D&C Liahona , For the Strength of Youth , Friend Saints The Gospel Learning and Teaching email subscription Revelations in Context: The Stories Behind the Sections of the Doctrine and Covenants Doctrine and Covenants Historical Resources Joseph Smith Papers   Joseph Smith’s Revelations: A Doctrine and Covenants Study Companion from the Joseph Smith Papers Joseph Smith Papers Podcasts Mission of the Prophet Joseph Smith Accounts of the First Vision Prophets of the Restoration Gospel Topics Essays Gospel Topics and Questions Church History Topics Answers to Church History Questions Global Histories Saints, Volume 1 Saints, Volume 2 Revelations in Context Joseph Smith’s Revelations Joseph Smith Papers Podcasts Church History Topics Maps: Church History Maps Northeastern United States Palmyra-Manchester, New York, 1820–31 The New York, Pennsylvania, and Ohio Area of the USA Joseph Smith Papers Joseph Smith's Residences The Scriptures, Mapped

CFM : January 13–19: Joseph Smith—History 1:1–26  Videos, Podcasts, & Weekly Lesson Material Media ​Lesson Extension BYU RSC Library JSH 1:1-26 A Seeker’s Guide to the Historical Accounts of Joseph Smith’s First Vision The Appearance of the Father and the Son to Joseph Smith in 1820 "Unless I Could Get More Wisdom, I Would Never Know" Voices of the Restoration: Joseph Smith’s Family Come Follow Church History with Lynne Hilton Wilson The Restoration JSH 1:1-26 This week's lesson includes fantastic infomation about the "Burned Over District," and offers fascinating context surrounding the history, including great insights regarding the different accounts of Joseph Smith's First Vision and history. Come Follow Me Kid JSH 1:1-26 Come Follow Me Scott Woodward & Casey Griffiths The Restoration JSH 1:1-26 Come Follow Up JSH 1:1-26 Don't Miss This JSH 1:1-26 Follow Him JSH 1:1-26 Part 1 • Dr. Maclane Heward Part 2 • Dr. Maclane Heward Transcripts Gospel For Kids About the Doctrine and Covenants: The Lord speaks again Grounded with Barbara Morgan JSH 1:1-26 Hurricane Adult Religion Class JSH 1:1-26 Lesson 2: Joseph Smith’s Early History Website Joseph Garfeild's Seminary Decks This is a new addition, and is especially helpful for teenagers. Be sure to check it out! MONDAY 1/13 - " ASK OF GOD " - JSH 1:1-14 TUESDAY 1/14 “ Truth Will Make You Free ” - Life Prep Lesson WEDNESDAY 1/15 “ I Saw Two Personages, Whose Brightness and Glory Defy All Description ” - JS-H 1:15-20 THURSDAY 1/16 - " I had seen a vision " JS-H 1:21-16 FRIDAY 1/17 - KAHOOT! Doctrinal Mastery Review Game! Latter Day Kids JSH 1:1-26 My Servant Joseph Line Upon Line JSH 1:1-26 Meridian Magazine Podcast JSH 1:1-26 Our Mother's Knew It JSH 1:1-26 Not yet posted Saving Talents JSH 1:1-26 Scripture Study Central JSH 1:1-26 Website Come Follow Me Insights (Joseph Smith History 1:1–26, Jan 4–10) Come Follow Me: Act in Doctrine (Joseph Smith History 1:1–26, Jan 4–10) The Unfolding Restoration Lesson 1: Line Upon Line with Anthony Sweat Come Follow Me with Casey Paul Griffiths (Joseph Smith History 1:1–26, Jan 4–10) Come Follow Me with Taylor Halverson (Joseph Smith History 1:1–26, Jan 4–10) Come Follow Me with John Hilton III (Joseph Smith History 1:1–26, Jan 4–10) Joseph Smith-History 1:1-26. Lesson 3. CFM 2025. Scripture Insights Scripture Explorers JSH 1:1-26 The First Vision | Joseph Smith History Part 1 | Come Follow Me 2025 Scripture Gems D&C 1 Scripture Insights D&C 1 Talking Scripture JSH 1:1-26 Ep 303 | Joseph Smith-History 1:1-26, Come Follow Me 2025 (January 13-19) The Interpreter Foundation JSH 1:1-26 Study and Teaching Helps: 2025 Doctrine & Covenants Interpreter Radio Show — December 22, 2024, including Doctrine & Covenants in Context Come, Follow Me  Study and Teaching Helps — Lesson 2: JS-History 1:1–26 Audio Roundtable: Come, Follow Me Doctrine and Covenants Lesson 2 (JS-History 1:1–26) Teachings and Testimony of the First Vision: Introduction Teachings and Testimony of the First Vision: Some Doctrinal Teachings about the First Vision Teachings and Testimony of the First Vision: President James E. Faust Teaches and Testifies of the First Vision Teachings and Testimony of the First Vision: In the Sacred Grove with Prophets Teachings and Testimony of the First Vision: General Authority Teachings and Testimonies of the First Vision Teachings and Testimony of the First Vision: Teachings and Testimony about the First Vision Given at The 100 Year Centennial General Conference Commemoration Teachings and Testimony of the First Vision: Elder Joseph F. Merrill Teaches and Testifies about the First Vision Teachings and Testimony of the First Vision: President J. Reuben Clark Jr. Teaches and Testifies of the First Vision Teachings and Testimony of the First Vision: Members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints Must Accept the First Vision Teachings and Testimony of the First Vision: President Joseph Fielding Smith Teaches and Testifies about the First Vision Teachings and Testimony of the First Vision: Orson F. Whitney’s Dream-Vision of the Savior Teachings and Testimony of the First Vision: Elder Bruce R. McConkie Teaches and Testifies of the First Vision Teachings and Testimony of the First Vision: Joseph Fielding McConkie Discusses the First Vision and Tolerance Teachings and Testimony of the First Vision: President Marion G. Romney Teaches and Testifies of the First Vision Teachings and Testimony of the First Vision: Sister Ida Romney Obtains a Testimony of the First Vision Teachings and Testimony of the First Vision: A Missionary Receives a Testimony of the First Vision Teachings and Testimony of the First Vision: A Missionary Receives a Testimony of the First Vision Teachings and Testimony of the First Vision: President Gordon B. Hinckley’s Teachings and Testimony of the First Vision Teachings and Testimony of the First Vision: President Hinckley Comments on Joseph Smith’s and the Church’s Critics Teachings and Testimony of the First Vision: Pure Apostolic Witness and Testimony of the First Vision Teachings and Testimony of the First Vision: An Amalgamation of Joseph Smith’s First Vision The Dawning of a Brighter Day Interpreter Radio Show — February 2, 2020 Interpreter Radio Show — January 12, 2020 Interpreter Radio Show — January 19, 2020 Interpreter Radio Show — July 15, 2018 Interpreter Radio Show — July 5, 2020 Interpreter Radio Show — March 1, 2020 Interpreter Radio Show — March 8, 2020 The First Vision with Spencer W. McBride Scripture Roundtable: D&C Gospel Doctrine Lesson 3, "I Had Seen a Vision" How Joseph Smith’s Grammar Differed from Book of Mormon Grammar: Evidence from the 1832 History Evaluating Three Arguments Against Joseph Smith’s First Vision Looking Deeper into Joseph Smith’s First Vision: Imagery, Cognitive Neuroscience, and the Construction of Memory Rediscovering the First Vision The Cowdery Conundrum: Oliver’s Aborted Attempt to Describe Joseph Smith’s First Vision in 1834 and 1835 Variants in the Stories of the First Vision of Joseph Smith and the Apostle Paul The Red Crystal Printables for Kids JSH 1:1-26 Printables The Scriptures are Real JSH 1:1-26 Not Yet Posted Unshaken JSH 1:1-26 Come Follow Me - JS-Hist. 1:1-26 - Seeking Truth Unshaken Verse-by-Verse: JS-Hist. 1:1-26 - The First Vision Resources and Insights for this Week's Lesson   Resource Updates: There’s so much in this lesson—don’t feel overwhelmed! The material is rich and heavy in history, so pace yourself and rely on the Spirit to guide you. Think of this journey as a steady, dedicated stroll rather than a sprint or marathon. Focus on the aspects that draw you closer to the Savior. Last week, we explored a timeline spanning from the Crucifixion of Christ to the First Vision. This week, I’ve been expanding that timeline to provide additional historical context as we study the Doctrine and Covenants. Understanding both Church and world history together helps us see the broader societal and cultural challenges the early Saints faced, offering valuable insight into revelations and their historical significance. This perspective can foster greater understanding and grace. What began as a personal project to better grasp the context of the Restoration has developed into a very fluid timeline, so please be patient. While still a work in progress, I’ve been adding new entries and links to enrich our study. As this timeline is rapidly growing, I am in the process of relocating it so that we can continue to add to it and refine it. For now, I will put it together in segments, as a practical tool to help us piece together the spiritual and historical context of our studies. I've also added several maps to the resources below. Lesson Insights: Last week, we explored the preface to the Doctrine and Covenants, published on November 1, 1831. This was a preface from the Lord and served as an introduction. Chronologically, this section was recorded much later, after sections 2 through 65 had already been received. Much had happened in the church by that time. Joseph Smith had translated and published the Book of Mormon, and had already recorded most of the writings from the Pearl of Great Price. The Church had been organized, and both the Aaronicc and Melchizedek Priesthood had been restored. Missionary efforts were in full swing, and the persecutions of the Church had caused the Saints to relocate to Ohio. Joseph did not begin recording his personal history until much later, in 1838. By this time, the Church and its members faced significant persecution and internal disputes. False rumors and widespread misrepresentations about Joseph’s character and the Church’s beginnings added to the challenges. Several key Church leaders had distanced themselves from the Church by this time, including Oliver Cowdery (who later returned), David Whitmer (who never rejoined but remained firm in his testimony of the Book of Mormon), Martin Harris (later rejoined), Thomas B. Marsh (later returned), Frederick G. Williams, William W. Phelps (later returned), John Whitmer, Warren Parrish, and others. Reasons for their departures included the financial collapse of the Kirtland Safety Society, disagreements about certain revelations, such as polygamy, and other internal disputes. This was an especially difficult time for Joseph and the fledgling Church. It was during these turbulent circumstances that Joseph was once again instructed to record his history—a task he had first been commanded to undertake in 1832 but had been unable to do due to the weight of his responsibilities. Working with scribes like James Mulholland and later Willard Richards, Joseph documented his recollections to ensure an accurate record of the Restoration and the early Church. These efforts helped preserve the truth of the Church’s origins and provide clarity during a time of great opposition and uncertainty. This week, we narrow our focus to the time period just before and during Joseph Smith's early life, including the First Vision. Casey Griffiths provides excellent video tours that take us to key locations where these foundational events occurred. These video resources, listed in the Chapter Outline below, offer valuable insights and perspectives that can deepen our understanding of this pivotal period in Church history. I highly recommend incorporating them into your study. The First Vision  of Joseph Smith is documented in several primary and secondary accounts, each written or recorded at different times, for different audiences, and under varying circumstances. While these accounts are not verbatim and emphasize different details, they harmonize with one another, providing a fuller picture of this foundational event. The church has compiled these accounts and included them with the Joseph Smith Papers. If you are interested in reading these accounts, they can be found here: Accounts of Joseph Smith’s First Vision, Primary and Secondary Sources Some Personal Observations from this Week's Study: I am currently pursuing a degree in Biblical Hebrew through Hebrew University in Israel, taking online courses offered by the Israel Institute of Biblical Studies. This week, insights from one of my classes aligned beautifully with our current Come, Follow Me topics. Our lesson focused on several historic restorations of the Torah, highlighting periods when it was forgotten, and the people’s connection to it diminished—especially as they became distanced from the Hebrew language. One significant example is found in the time of Nehemiah, during the Jewish return from Babylonian captivity. Many returning Jews no longer spoke, read, or understood what we now call "Biblical Hebrew." This disconnection was due to significant changes in the language, both spoken and written, during their exile. Nehemiah’s mission became one of restoration—reconnecting the community to the Torah by reintroducing them to the Hebrew language and its scriptural significance. This discussion reminded me of this and last week's lessons, particularly where we talked about how God restores His Church by giving commandments to His servants "in their weakness, after the manner of their language," so they might come to an understanding. In my studies, I have had the privilege of learning from many exceptional Jewish scholars, both within and outside of the Church. Among the Jewish community, there is a movement known as the "Hebrew Revival." This movement was initiated by Eliezer Ben Yehuda, who, like Joseph Smith, had a profound vision . One night in 1875, while in a grove of trees, Eliezer described seeing a flash of light above his head. In a vision, he found himself at the Jordan River, just before the Israelites crossed into the Promised Land. During this experience, he heard a voice say, "A return to the language and the land." For Latter-day Saints, we understand that the Hebrew Revival did not begin with Eliezer Ben Yehuda but many years earlier, with the First Vision of Joseph Smith and the translation of the Book of Mormon, the restoration of an ancient Jewish record. Then, in 1841, Orson Hyde was divinely called to dedicate the land of Israel for the return of the Jews. This dedication , offered on October 24, 1841, marked a significant prophetic milestone for the Church and our Jewish brothers and sisters. Just four years later, on April 6, 1845—shortly after Joseph Smith's martyrdom—the Twelve Apostles issued their first Proclamation of the Twelve to the World. In this remarkable document, they prophesied the Jews’ return to Jerusalem, calling on them to prepare by gathering their assemblies, scriptures, records, languages, and government. The Twelve solemnly testified that while the Jews and much of the world would experience terrible calamities, God would ultimately help them to prevail. This return to the land would begin shortly after the proclamation was issued, with a modern onset of the Jewish Zionist movement . After a tremendously difficult journey, Jerusalem would officially be declared a Jewish state on May 14, 1948, following the horrific events of WWII. The more I study and learn about our Jewish brothers and sisters, the more I see how we, as members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, are truly working in harmony with them in fulfilling God’s divine purposes. Truly, God is no respecter of persons; His perspective is much broader than ours. He has not forgotten His ancient covenant people, and His love for them is profound and enduring. Just as members of the Church have unique missions and work to fulfill in the restoration process, our Jewish brothers and sisters are faithfully fulfilling theirs—particularly in preserving their language, culture, and history. While we know that the Lord communicates with all His children in their own languages and in ways they can understand, the efforts of our Jewish brothers and sisters to restore the Hebrew language and preserve their sacred heritage continue to bless us as well. These efforts enable members of the Church to make valuable discoveries that deepen our understanding of scripture—not only the Bible but also the Book of Mormon and Doctrine and Covenants. These collective efforts remind me of the prophetic declaration: “For out of Zion shall go forth the law, and the word of the Lord from Jerusalem.”  As the stick of Joseph (the Book of Mormon) and the stick of Judah (the Bible) continue to come together, these sacred records act as collaborative witnesses of God’s word. Together, they illuminate His divine plan and help us interpret His holy teachings with greater clarity and understanding. I continue to stand in awe at how these remarkable miracles were set into motion with a young, humble farm boy from upstate New York. Joseph Smith had the faith to go directly to God for answers and the courage to endure immense persecution as he stood firm in the truths he received. That realization is deeply humbling. Joseph and the early Church leaders were ordinary, fallible people—products of a broken and often ignorant society. Yet, when faced with incredible challenges, they chose to put their trust in the Lord and did their best under challenging circumstances. And that was enough. God accepted and magnified their efforts because of their faith, demonstrating to the world that His work will move forward, not because of human perfection, but through His power and will. Chapter Outline Overview: Major Topics & Themes Resources & Commentary Joseph Smith’s Search for Truth (Verses 1–13) Key Focus : Joseph’s History, Upbringing, Family, and questions about religion and scripture (James 1:5). Discussion Questions : What motivated Joseph to seek answers? How can James 1:5 inspire our own spiritual inquiries? Activity : Write or discuss questions you would ask God if given the opportunity. Come Follow Me, Joseph Smith History: Visit Joseph Smith's Birthplace, Childhood, and Ancestry! Wisdom : Hebrew Chokmah ( Proverbs 3:19 ), Greek Sophia The Adversary’s Opposition (Verses 14–16) Key Focus : The opposition Joseph faced during his prayer. Discussion Questions : How does the adversary attempt to discourage us from seeking God? What can we learn from Joseph’s perseverance? Activity : Reflect on personal experiences where you’ve felt opposition in doing what’s right. The First Vision (Verses 17–20) Key Focus : The appearance of Heavenly Father and Jesus Christ. Discussion Questions : What does this event teach us about the nature of God? How does this vision serve as the foundation for the Restoration? Activity : Create an artwork or write a journal entry depicting what the First Vision means to you. Come Follow Me, Joseph Smith History: Visit Joseph Smith's Birthplace, Childhood, and Ancestry! Joseph Smith's First Vision Accounts Explained! Come, Follow Me: Joseph Smith History Aftermath and Early Reactions (Verses 21–26) Key Focus : Joseph’s challenges after sharing his experience. Discussion Questions : Why do people often react negatively to spiritual truths? How can we stand firm in our beliefs when faced with criticism? Activity : Role-play scenarios where you respectfully share your testimony. Additional Resources: The Scripture Citation Index Doctrine & Covenants Stories Scripture Stories Coloring Book - D&C Liahona , For the Strength of Youth , Friend Saints The Gospel Learning and Teaching email subscription Revelations in Context: The Stories Behind the Sections of the Doctrine and Covenants Doctrine and Covenants Historical Resources Joseph Smith Papers   Joseph Smith’s Revelations: A Doctrine and Covenants Study Companion from the Joseph Smith Papers Joseph Smith Papers Podcasts Mission of the Prophet Joseph Smith Accounts of the First Vision Prophets of the Restoration Gospel Topics Essays Gospel Topics and Questions Church History Topics Answers to Church History Questions Global Histories Maps: Church History Maps Northeastern United States Palmyra-Manchester, New York, 1820–31 The New York, Pennsylvania, and Ohio Area of the USA Joseph Smith Papers Joseph Smith's Residences The Scriptures, Mapped Historical Timeline Between Crucifixion and Restoration, a continuation from last week's lesson. compiled from various sources incluuding Oxford's Timeline Reference and the Church's Chronological References Religious Persecution and the Journey to America Religious Turmoil in England: During the late 16th and early 17th centuries, England experienced significant religious strife following the English Reformation. The Church of England  (Anglican Church) was established under Henry VIII. Following the example of the Lutheran reforms, the group separated from the Roman Catholic Church. Further fracturing occurred as dissenters, including Puritans  and Separatists , rejected the Church of England’s practices, viewing them as too similar to Catholicism. They sought to "purify" the church and established separate congregations. Similar fracturing took place in Germany, and the Protestant Reformation was far from united. ( The Protestant Reformation Facts You Need to Know ) Persecution of Separatists: Separatists, a subgroup of Puritans influenced by the reforms of John Clavin , faced persecution for refusing to conform to Anglican worship. Laws mandated attendance at Anglican services, and dissenters could face fines, imprisonment, or worse. To escape persecution, a group of Separatists from Scrooby, England, fled to the Netherlands  in 1608, seeking religious freedom. Challenges in the Netherlands: While the Separatists enjoyed greater religious tolerance in the Netherlands, they faced economic hardships and cultural assimilation that threatened their community's identity. Concerned about their children losing their English heritage and the inability to sustain themselves economically, they decided to seek a new home in the Americas. The Mayflower Voyage (1620) Sponsorship and Planning: The group obtained funding from the Virginia Company , which granted them a charter to establish a colony in the New World. Originally planning to settle near the Hudson River within the Virginia Colony, their journey took them to Plymouth , outside the boundaries of the Virginia Company's jurisdiction. The Mayflower Compact: Before landing, the settlers drafted the Mayflower Compact , an agreement to form a self-governing community based on majority rule. This document laid the groundwork for democratic governance in the colonies. The Plymouth Settlement: The settlers, later known as the Pilgrims , arrived in December 1620 and established Plymouth Colony . They faced severe hardships, including harsh winters, disease, and food shortages, with nearly half of the settlers dying during the first year. Other Religious Groups: The Puritans  (distinct from Separatists) established the Massachusetts Bay Colony  in 1630 under the leadership of John Winthrop , seeking to create a "city upon a hill" as a model Christian community. The Quakers , Catholics , and other dissenting groups followed, each seeking refuge from persecution and other opportunities. Economic and Political Motives: While religion was a key motivator for many settlers, others were drawn by the promise of land, economic prosperity, and escape from European political instability. 1642–1651: English Civil War : The conflict between King Charles I and Parliament led to the temporary abolition of the monarchy and the rise of  Oliver Cromwell . 1685: Revocation of the Edict of Nantes : Louis XIV of France revoked the Edict of Nantes , which guaranteed religious freedom in France, forcing thousands of Huguenots (French Protestants) to flee, weakening France economically and religiously. 1688: Glorious Revolution : Following the overthrow of James II in England, William and Mary ascended the throne, strengthening constitutional monarchy and Protestantism. 1700–1776: Enlightenment and Early Revolutions 1715: Death of Louis XIV : Marks the end of France’s "Sun King" era; his successors face increasing financial and social unrest. Age of Enlightenment  (18th Century): Philosophers like Voltaire , Rousseau , and Montesquieu  challenge traditional authority, promoting reason, liberty, and separation of powers. Enlightenment ideas influence political revolutions in Europe and America. 1730–1750s:  First Great Awakening . A religious revival led by preachers like Jonathan Edwards  and George Whitefield  emphasizes personal conversion and evangelical fervor. 1756–1763:  Seven Years’ War : A global conflict involving European powers leaves Britain dominant in North America and India but strains European economies. 1775-1783:  American Revolution : Inspired by Enlightenment ideals, the U.S. Declaration of Independence sets a global example for liberty and self-governance. 1776–1800: Post-Revolutionary America 1787:  Adoption of the U.S. Constitution . The First Amendment  guarantees freedom of religion, separating church and state. 1790s:  Second Great Awakening  begins. A wave of religious revival sweeps across the United States, promoting evangelicalism and new religious movements, many of which are focused on the idea of creating a Heaven on Earth. Many movements within this period focused on social reforms, such as abolishing slavery. ( Khan Academy's mention of LDS History in relation to other Religious movements of the Time ) 1791:  Bill of Rights  ratified. Solidifies the protection of religious freedoms in the U.S. 1776–1800: French Revolution and the Rise of Napoleon 1789:  French Revolution Begins : Triggered by economic crises, social inequality, and Enlightenment ideas. Key events: Storming of the Bastille . Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen . Revolution abolishes the monarchy and establishes a republic. 1793–1794:  Reign of Terror : Radical revolutionaries, led by Robespierre , executed thousands, including King Louis XVI  and Marie Antoinette . Ends with Robespierre’s fall. 1799: Napoleon Bonaparte’s Coup ( video history and timeline ) : Napoleon seizes power, becoming First Consul  and effectively ending the revolutionary period. 1798–1799:  Egyptian Campaign : Napoleon invades Egypt , aiming to weaken British influence and assert French dominance. Though militarily unsuccessful, the campaign sparks European fascination with ancient Egypt. French scholars accompanying Napoleon document monuments and cultural treasures, founding modern Egyptology . 1799:  Discovery of the Rosetta Stone : French soldiers uncover the Rosetta Stone  near the town of Rosetta (Rashid). The trilingual inscription (Greek, Demotic, and Hieroglyphic) enabled scholars, including Jean-François Champollion , to decipher Egyptian hieroglyphs in 1822. Cultural and Archaeological Awakening : Napoleon’s Egyptian expedition and the discovery of the Rosetta Stone reawaken European interest in ancient history. Archaeology transitions from treasure hunting to a systematic study of ancient civilizations. 1800–1820: Prelude to the Restoration 1801: Cane Ridge Revival . A massive camp meeting in Kentucky highlights the fervor of the Second Great Awakening. 1803: Louisiana Purchase  and Westward Expansion. 1803–1815: Napoleonic Wars : Napoleon’s campaigns spread revolutionary ideals across Europe but provoked resistance, particularly from England. Napoleon defeated much of Europe, including all or parts of France, Belgium, Netherlands, Switzerland, Northern Italy, Germany, Austria, Poland, Prussia, Spain, and Russia. Major defeats, such as the Battle of Leipzig (1813)  and Waterloo (1815) , ended his dominance and reshaped Europe politically, leading to the redrawing of borders at the Congress of Vienna in 1815. 1804:  Napoleon Becomes Emperor : Crowns himself Emperor of the French , centralizing power and initiating reforms. 1804 : Alexander Hamilton was fatally wounded in a duel with a political adversary Aaron Burr. 1805: Joseph Smith Jr. was born . Born on December 23 in Sharon, Vermont , into a deeply religious environment. 1806: Francis II formally brings to an end the 1000-year-old Holy Roman Empire to keep it from the clutches of Napoleon 1807: Legislation abolishing the slave trade is passed in both Britain and America 1808: Beethoven's Sixth Symphony debuts in Vienna. 1809 : Napoleon is excommunicated by the Pope, Pius VII. Pius is arrested and kept in captivity. 1810: King George III , suffering from porphyria, is deemed unfit to govern; his oldest son becomes Prince Regent. English author Jane Austen publishes her first work in print, Sense and Sensibility , at her own expense . War of 1812 : Conflict between the United States  and Great Britain  driven by unresolved tensions from the American Revolution, maritime disputes, and territorial ambitions. It is sometimes called the "Second War of Independence" because it solidified America's sovereignty and economic independence. Following this war, the period was marked by a sense of national unity and political harmony. However, tensions over slavery and economic policies were beginning to emerge. 1812: French scientist Georges Cuvier introduces scientific paleontology with his Research on the Fossil Bones of Quadrupeds ~1812: Joseph Smith contracted typhoid fever. Complications required surgery to remove infected pieces of bone from his leg. 1814: US lawyer Francis Scott Key writes The Star-Spangled Banner after seeing the British bombard Fort McHenry 1815: Following Napoleon's defeat , the crowned heads of Europe and their representatives gather in Vienna to tidy up the post-Napoleonic continent . Pius VII restores the Jesuit Order on his return to Rome , and t he rulers of Russia, Prussia and Austria form a Holy Alliance to preserve their concept of a Christian Europe . 1816: René Laënnec, develops the stethoscope . 1816: Rossini's opera The Barber of Seville has its premiere in Rome . 1816:  The Year Without a Summer . Caused by a volcanic eruption, crop failures led the Smith family to relocate to Palmyra , New York. 1817: JAMES MONROE elected President, following THOMAS JEFFERSON | 1801-1809 & JAMES MADISON | 1809-1817. 1817: An informal financial market on Wall Street is transformed into the New York Stock and Exchange Board . 1817: On the death of Princess Charlotte, not one of seven princes has an heir to succeed to the British throne in the next generation . 1818: The first Reform congregation within Judaism is established in Germany, in the Hamburg Temple. This was the first time an organ was present in a Jewish synogogue. Before this, musical instruments were forbidden in the sanctuaries. Traditionally, as a sign of mourning, the Jews pledged to wait until the return of the Temple to reintroduce musical instruments into the synagogue. ( Synagogue & Religious Music ) 1818: Mary Shelley publishes Frankenstein, or the Modern Prometheus , a Gothic tale about giving life to an artificial man . 1819:  Revival in the " Burned-over District ." Western New York becomes a center of intense religious revivalism, influencing young Joseph Smith. The Burned Over District is described in detail in  Lynne Hilton Wilson's  vlog, which has several excellent references. 1820: The British King George III dies after 59 years on the throne – a longer reign than any of his predecessors . The Prince Regent succeeds to the British throne as George IV The Restoration and Beyond Spring 1820:   Joseph Smith’s First Vision . Joseph seeks guidance in prayer and reports a vision of God the Father and Jesus Christ, marking the beginning of the Restoration. 1820: The Missouri Compromise, admitting Maine and Missouri to the union, keeps the balance between 'free' and 'slave' states in the US Senate . March 25, 1821: An uprising in Greece against Ottoman Turkish rule begins a Greek Revolution , ultimately resulting in Greece's Independence. This date coincides with the Greek religious observance of Annunciation, which memorializes the day the angel Gabriel told Mary she would give birth to Jesus. Greeks recognize this event as a type of religious restoration, where they could once again, for the first time since the fall of Constantinople, openly practice their Christian faith, free from the dominance of the Ottoman and Islamic Empire. 21-22 September 1823 The angel Moroni first appeared to Joseph Smith. He told Joseph of an ancient record hidden in a nearby hill containing the fullness of the gospel. Joseph was commanded to return annually to the hill until he could be entrusted with the record. Portions of D&C 2 : recorded. 1821: English Poet John Keats passes away. 1821: The spoken language of the Cherokee Indians is captured in written form with the Cherokee Syllabary – an achievement traditionally attributed to Sequoyah. 1822: Egyptian hieroglyphs are deciphered by French Egyptologist Jean François Champollion using the Rosetta stone 1822: Austrian composer Franz Schubert begins, but never completes, the great work now known as his 'Unfinished' symphony (no 8. in B minor) 19 Nov. 1823: Joseph Smith’s older brother Alvin died. 1823: Lord Byron arrives in Greece to support the cause of Greek independence 1823: 12-year-old Hungarian pianist Franz Liszt wins a reputation as a virtuoso performer 1823: With the help of an army from France, the Spanish king Ferdinand VII is freed from confinement and restored to his throne. Dec 2, 1823: US President James Monroe warns European nations against interfering in America, in the policy which becomes known as the Monroe Doctrine . 1824: The Republican party in the USA splits into National Republicans and Democratic Republicans. John Quincy Adams was elected President of the US. 18 Jan. 1827: Joseph Smith married Emma Hale at South Bainbridge, New York. They later moved to Manchester Township, New York. Joseph Receives the Golden Plates 22 Sept.1827: Joseph Smith received the golden plates . Same day as Jews celebrated Yom Teruach, or the Feast of Trumpets . Dec. 1827: Joseph and Emma Smith moved 130 miles from Manchester Township, New York, to Harmony Township, Pennsylvania. Feb. 1828: Martin Harris took a transcript of characters copied from the plates to show scholars in New York City and Albany, New York. Apr.–June 1828: Joseph Smith, with Martin Harris as scribe, translated the part of the record known as the Book of Lehi. ca. 14 June 1828: Martin Harris persuaded Joseph Smith to let him take manuscript pages of the Book of Mormon translation to Palmyra, New York, to show family members. Joseph Smith learned that Martin had lost the pages in early July,1828. July 1828: D&C 3 recorded : Revelation given to Joseph Smith the Prophet at Harmony, Pennsylvania, relating to the loss of 116 pages of manuscript translated from the first part of the Book of Mormon. The plates were temporarily taken from Joseph Smith at this time. 22 Sept. 1828: The plates and the power to translate were restored to Joseph Smith . 1828: Connecticut lexicographer Noah Webster publishes the definitive 2-volume scholarly edition of his American Dictionary of the English Language 1828: Adult white males now have the right to vote in almost all the states of the USA 1828: General Andrew Jackson , elected president of the USA, introduces the era known as Jacksonian democracy Joseph Smith expressed mixed views on Andrew Jackson, reflecting both admiration and critique of his policies and administration. Below is a summary of Joseph Smith's perspective on Jackson's leadership, policies, and legacy: Admiration for Jackson’s Administration National Prosperity : Joseph Smith praised Andrew Jackson’s presidency as a high point in American glory, liberty, and prosperity. He highlighted Jackson's achievement of paying off the national debt and his efforts to distribute surplus revenue among the states. Patriotism : Jackson’s belief in a patriotic militia and a government governed by the will of the people resonated with Joseph Smith's views on civic duty and governance. Criticism of Jackson’s Indian Removal Policies Indian Relocation : Joseph Smith took note of Jackson's Indian policies, particularly the forced removal of Native Americans to lands west of the Mississippi, known as the Indian Removal Act (1830) . Jackson defended this policy as a necessary measure for the survival and improvement of Native American tribes. Religious Hope for the Indians : While Joseph Smith acknowledged the government’s efforts to establish reservations and provide resources, he viewed the Native Americans’ plight as an opportunity for their eventual gathering and spiritual restoration through the gospel, as foretold in the Book of Mormon . Humanitarian Concerns : Smith’s writings suggest a hope that Native Americans would one day be gathered in peace and unity, implying a critique of the harsh realities of Jackson’s policies, including the suffering caused by the Trail of Tears. 1829: The Underground Network begins to coalesce, as a network of undercover abolitionists in the southern states of America help slaves escape to freedom in the north 1829: The state government of Georgia declares that it is illegal for the Cherokees to hold political assemblies Feb. 1829: D&C 4 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to his father, Joseph Smith Sr., at Harmony, Pennsylvania. Mar. 1829 : D&C 5 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Harmony, Pennsylvania, at the request of Martin Harris. 7 Apr. 1829 : Joseph Smith resumed translating the Book of Mormon in earnest with the book of Mosiah. Oliver Cowdery, who arrived at Joseph Smith’s home in Harmony, Pennsylvania, on 5 April, served as scribe. Apr. 1829: D&C 6 : Revelation given to Joseph Smith the Prophet and Oliver Cowdery, at Harmony, Pennsylvania. D&C 7 : Revelation given to Joseph Smith the Prophet and Oliver Cowdery, at Harmony, Pennsylvania. D&C 8 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to Oliver Cowdery, at Harmony, Pennsylvania. D&C 9 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to Oliver Cowdery, at Harmony, Pennsylvania. ca. Apr. 1829: D&C 10 : Revelation given to Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Harmony, Pennsylvania, likely around April 1829, though portions may have been received as early as the summer of 1828. 15 May 1829: John the Baptist restored the Aaronic Priesthood , conferring it upon Joseph Smith and Oliver Cowdery. D&C 13 : An extract from Joseph Smith’s history recounting the ordination of the Prophet and Oliver Cowdery to the Aaronic Priesthood near Harmony, Pennsylvania. After receiving the priesthood, and following John the Baptist’s instructions, Joseph and Oliver baptized each other. May 1829: D&C 11 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to his brother Hyrum Smith at Harmony, Pennsylvania. May 1829:  D&C 12 :  Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to Joseph Knight Sr., at Harmony, Pennsylvania. ca. 1 June 1829: David Whitmer met Joseph Smith and helped him move, along with Oliver Cowdery, to the Whitmer farm in Fayette Township, New York. Emma Smith followed sometime later. June 1829 : D&C 14 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to David Whitmer, at Fayette, New York. June 1829 : D&C 15 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to John Whitmer, at Fayette, New York. June 1829 : D&C 16 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to Peter Whitmer Jr., at Fayette, New York. June 1829 : D&C 18 : Revelation to Joseph Smith the Prophet, Oliver Cowdery, and David Whitmer, given at Fayette, New York. June 1829 : D&C 17 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to Oliver Cowdery, David Whitmer, and Martin Harris, at Fayette, New York, before they were shown the engraved plates that contained the Book of Mormon record. Late June of1829: An angel of God showed the plates to the Three Witnesses . Joseph Smith showed the plates to the Eight Witnesses. ca. Summer 1829: D&C 19 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith, at Manchester, New York, likely in the summer of 1829. ca. 1 July 1829: The translation of the Book of Mormon was completed , Fayette Township, New York. July Insurrection in France: Louis-Philippe, the Citizen King, replaces Charles X. 25 Aug. 1829: Martin Harris pledged his farm to assure payment to E. B. Grandin for printing 5,000 copies of Book of Mormon in Palmyra, New York. Early 1830: D&C 74 : Revelation given to Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Wayne County, New York. Publication of the Book of Mormon & Formal Organization of the Church 26 Mar. 1830: The first copies of the Book of Mormon became available for purchase, Palmyra, New York. 6 Apr. 1830: The Church of Christ was formally organized in the home of Peter Sr. and Mary Whitmer in Fayette, New York. D&C 20 : Revelation on Church organization and government, given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, at or near Fayette, New York. Portions of this revelation may have been given as early as summer 1829. D&C 21 : Revelation given to Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Fayette, New York. This revelation was given at the organization of the Church in the home of Peter Sr. and Mary Whitmer. 16 Apr. 1830 : D&C 22 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Manchester, New York. Apr. 1830 : D&C 23 : A series of five revelations given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Manchester, New York, to Oliver Cowdery, Hyrum Smith, Samuel H. Smith, Joseph Smith Sr., and Joseph Knight Sr. June 1830: A branch of the Church was established in Colesville, New York. 9 June 1830: The first conference of the Church, held at Fayette, New York. Conference participants unanimously sustained the “Articles and Covenants” of the Church ( D&C 20 ). 30 June 1830:  Samuel Smith departed as one of the first missionaries of the Church of Christ, traveling to such communities as Mendon and Lovinia, New York. June–July 1830: Joseph Smith dictated the “ Visions of Moses ,” later canonized in the Pearl of Great Price and part of a larger effort to make an inspired revision of the Bible. July 1830: D&C 24 : Revelation given to Joseph Smith the Prophet and Oliver Cowdery, at Harmony, Pennsylvania. July 1830 : D&C 25 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Harmony, Pennsylvania. This revelation manifests the will of the Lord to Emma Smith, the Prophet’s wife. July 1830: D&C 26 : Revelation given to Joseph Smith the Prophet, Oliver Cowdery, and John Whitmer, at Harmony, Pennsylvania. Aug. 1830: D&C 27 : Revelation given to Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Harmony, Pennsylvania. Sept. 1830: D&C 28 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to Oliver Cowdery, at Fayette, New York. D&C 29 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, in the presence of six elders, at Fayette, New York, some days prior to the conference held there. 26 Sept. 1830: The second conference of the Church was held at Fayette, New York. Joseph Smith was appointed to receive and write revelations for the Church. Sept. 1830: D&C 30 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to David Whitmer, Peter Whitmer Jr., and John Whitmer, at Fayette, New York, following the three-day conference held there. Sept. 1830: D&C 31 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to Thomas B. Marsh at Fayette, New York, immediately following the September 1830 conference. 1831 Kirtland, Ohio, becames a gathering place for the Saints. Early Oct. 1830: D&C 32 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to Parley P. Pratt and Ziba Peterson, in Manchester, New York. Oct. 1830 : D&C 33 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to Ezra Thayer and Northrop Sweet, at Fayette, New York. 29 Oct. 1830: Oliver Cowdery, Ziba Peterson, Parley P. Pratt, and Peter Whitmer Jr. arrived in Geauga County, Ohio, en route to their mission to the unorganized territory west of Missouri. They remained in Ohio for several weeks, where they preached and baptized more than 100 individuals, including Sidney Rigdon and Frederick G. Williams. 4 Nov. 1830: D&C 34 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to Orson Pratt, at Fayette, New York. 7 Dec. 1830: D&C 35 : Revelation given to Joseph Smith the Prophet and Sidney Rigdon, at or near Fayette, New York. 9 Dec. 1830: D&C 36 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to Edward Partridge, near Fayette, New York. Dec. 1830: D&C 37 : Revelation given to Joseph Smith the Prophet and Sidney Rigdon, near Fayette, New York, commanding the Saints to gather in Ohio. 1831 2 Jan. 1831: The third conference of the Church was held at Fayette, New York. D&C 38 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Fayette, New York. The occasion was a conference of the Church. 5 Jan. 1831 : D&C 39 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to James Covel, at Fayette, New York. 6 Jan. 1831 : D&C 40 : Revelation given to Joseph Smith the Prophet and Sidney Rigdon, at Fayette, New York. 4 Feb. 1831 : Joseph and Emma Smith moved to Kirtland, Ohio. 4 Feb. 1831: D&C 41 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to the Church, at Kirtland, Ohio, directing arrangements there and calling Edward Partridge to be the Church’s first bishop. 9 Feb. 1831 ; 23 Feb. 1831: D&C 42 : Revelation given in two parts through Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Kirtland, Ohio. Feb. 1831: D&C 43 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Kirtland, Ohio. Late Feb. 1831 : D&C 44 : Revelation given to Joseph Smith the Prophet and Sidney Rigdon, at Kirtland, Ohio. Mar. 1831 : Parley P. Pratt returned to Kirtland, Ohio, from his mission to the unorganized territory. 7 Mar. 1831 : D&C 45 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to the Church, at Kirtland, Ohio. 8 Mar. 1831 : D&C 46 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to the Church, at Kirtland, Ohio. 8 Mar. 1831 : D&C 47 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Kirtland, Ohio. 10 Mar. 1831 : D&C 48 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Kirtland, Ohio. March 16, 1831: Victor Hugo publishes his novel The Hunchback of Notre Dame 9 Apr. 1831 : John Whitmer was appointed to keep the Church record and history at a special meeting of the elders of the Church, held at Kirtland, Ohio. May 1831 : Saints from the Colesville, New York, branch arrived in Thompson, Ohio. 9 May 1831 : D&C 50 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Kirtland, Ohio. 20 May 1831 : D&C 51 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Thompson, Ohio. 3–6 June 1831 : A conference of the Church was held at Kirtland, Ohio, in which the first ordinations to the office of high priest were made. 6 June 1831: D&C 52 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to the elders of the Church, at Kirtland, Ohio. 8 June 1831: D&C 53 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to Algernon Sidney Gilbert, at Kirtland, Ohio. 10 June 1831: D&C 54 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to Newel Knight, at Kirtland, Ohio, directing members in Thompson, Ohio, to leave Leman Copley’s farm and journey to Missouri. 14 June 1831 : D&C 55 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to William W. Phelps, at Kirtland, Ohio. 15 June 1831 : D&C 56 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Kirtland, Ohio. 19 June 1831 : Joseph Smith and others traveled to Independence, Missouri, to designate the location of Zion. They arrived on 14 July 1831 . 20 July 1831 : D&C 57 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, in Zion, Jackson County, Missouri. 1 Aug. 1831: D& C 58 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, in Zion, Jackson County, Missouri. 3 Aug. 1831 : Joseph Smith, Sidney Rigdon, and others dedicated the city of Zion and the temple site at Independence, Jackson County, Missouri. 4 Aug. 1831 : Joseph Smith presided at the first conference of the Church in Missouri, held at Kaw Township, Jackson County. 7 Aug. 1831 : D&C 59 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, in Zion, Jackson County, Missouri. 8 Aug. 1831 : D&C 60 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, in Independence, Jackson County, Missouri. 9 Aug. 1831 : Joseph Smith departed Independence, Missouri. He arrived in Kirtland, Ohio, on 27 Aug. 1831. 12 Aug. 1831 : D&C 61 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, on the bank of the Missouri River at McIlwaine’s Bend. 13 Aug. 1831 : D&C 62 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, on the bank of the Missouri River at Chariton, Missouri. 30 Aug. 1831 : D&C 63 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Kirtland, Ohio. 11 Sept. 1831 : D&C 64 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to the elders of the Church, at Kirtland, Ohio. 12 Sept. 1831 : Joseph and Emma Smith moved to John and Alice (Elsa) Johnson’s farm in Hiram Township, Ohio. 13 Oct. 1831 : The Ohio Star published the first of nine letters critical of the Church and the Prophet by former Latter-day Saint Ezra Booth in Ravenna, Ohio. 25–26 Oct. 1831 : Joseph Smith presided over a conference in Orange Township, Cuyahoga County, Ohio, at which fifteen elders were ordained high priests. 2 9 Oct. 1831 : D&C 66 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Hiram, Ohio. 30 Oct. 1831 : D&C 65 : Revelation on prayer given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Hiram, Ohio. 1 Nov. 1831: A conference held at Hiram, Ohio, approved the publication of Joseph Smith’s revelations as the Book of Commandments. D&C 1 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet during the conference of elders as the Lord’s preface to the revelations. Early Nov. 1831 : D&C 67 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Hiram, Ohio. The occasion was that of a special conference regarding the publication of the revelations.

CFM : March 31–April 6 D&C 29  Videos, Podcasts, & Weekly Lesson Material Media Resource Links BYU RSC Library D&C 29 Redemption's Grand Design for Both the Living and the Dead The Second Coming of Christ One Continuous Flow: Revelations Surrounding the "New Translation" Come Follow Church History with Lynne Hilton Wilson D&C 29 Come Follow Me Kid D&C 29 Come Follow Me Scott Woodward & Casey Griffiths D&C 29 Come Follow Up D&C 29 D&C Historical Background D&C 29 “ Gathered In ,” Saints, Volume 1 The Second Coming of Christ: Questions and Answers One Continuous Flow: Revelations Surrounding the ‘New Translation The Gathering of Israel Prophecies of Joseph Smith Zion/New Jerusalem What Did the Early Saints Learn about the Second Coming from the Book of Mormon? Don't Miss This D&C 29 Come Follow Me Doctrine and Covenants Section 29 (Mar. 31-Apr. 6) Don't Miss This Follow Him D&C 29 Doctrine & Covenants 29 Part 1 • Brother Eric Richards • March 31 - April 6 • Come Follow Me Doctrine & Covenants 29 Part 2 • Brother Eric Richards • March 31 - April 6 • Come Follow Me Transcripts Grounded with Barbara Morgan D&C 29 Hurricane Adult Religion Class D&C 29 Seminary Decks Latter Day Kids D&C 29 The Plan of Salvation | Animated Scripture Lesson for Kids (Come Follow Me: Mar 31-Apr 6) Line Upon Line D&C 29 Meridian Magazine Podcast D&C 29 Our Mother's Knew It D&C 29 Saving Talents D&C 29 Scripture Study Central D&C 29 Come Follow Me Insights (Doctrine and Covenants 29, Mar 22-28) Come Follow Me: Act in Doctrine (Doctrine and Covenants 29, Mar 22–28) Come Follow Me with Casey Paul Griffiths (Doctrine and Covenants 29, Mar 22-28) Come Follow Me with Taylor Halverson (Doctrine and Covenants 29, Mar 22-28) Come Follow Me with John Hilton III (Doctrine and Covenants 29, March 22-28) Doctrine and Covenants 29, with Scott Woodward Doctrine and Covenants Contexts: D&C 29 Doctrine and Covenants Minute: D&C 29 Restoration Voices Volume 2: D&C 29 Scripture Explorers D&C 29 Scripture Gems D&C 29 Scripture Insights D&C 29 Talking Scripture D&C 29 Ep 314 | D&C 29, Come Follow Me 2025 (March 31-April 6) Notes The Interpreter Foundation D&C 29 Study and Teaching Helps: 2025 Doctrine & Covenants Interpreter Radio Show — March 9, 2025, including Doctrine & Covenants in Context Nibley Lectures: Come, Follow Me Doctrine and Covenants Lesson 14 (D&C 29) Come, Follow Me  Study and Teaching Helps — Lesson 13: D&C 29 Audio Roundtable: Come, Follow Me Doctrine and Covenants Lesson 13 (D&C 29) “The Gathering of My People” D&C 29:1-8; 33:3-7; 37; 38:24-41; 52:2-5, 42-43; 57:1-3; 110:11 Scripture Roundtable: D&C Gospel Doctrine Lesson 12, "The Gathering of My People" Scripture Roundtable: D&C Gospel Doctrine Lesson 21, "Looking Forth for the Great Day of the Lord to Come" The Red Crystal D&C 29 General Conference Packets The Scriptures are Real D&C 29 Unshaken D&C 29 Come Follow Me - D&C 29 - Christ's Second Coming Resources and Insights for this Week's Lesson   Opening Reflection: Returning to Harmony Through the Divine Conductor Doctrine and Covenants 29  invites us into a sweeping and sobering view of the Plan of Salvation—a vision of mortality, fall, redemption, judgment, and ultimate reunion with God. But while its language includes fire, plagues, death, and cosmic upheaval, its heart is composed of hope. It is a section that reverberates with a divine musical score , composed by the Eternal Conductor, in which every soul, every season, and every note plays a sacred part. While there are many meaningful ways to approach these sacred themes, viewing them through the lens of music offers a unique and clarifying perspective.  Like the laws of harmony and resonance in music, the doctrines in Doctrine and Covenants 29 follow deeply ordered patterns—cyclical, purposeful, and divinely structured. This framework can help us better understand not only this section, but the larger patterns of God's dealings with His children. In our study of this section, we explore the reality of opposition , the rise and fall of Lucifer , the Fall of Adam , and the Atonement of Jesus Christ —our Redeemer, Advocate, and Goel (kinsman-redeemer). These events are not random or reactive; they are part of a divinely orchestrated masterpiece  meant to teach, refine, and ultimately restore us. A Musical Metaphor: From Discord to Divine Resolution Just Temperament: Perfect Intervals, Broken Circle In Just Temperament —an ancient system of pure tuning—each note of the scale is mathematically precise, built upon the tonic , the fundamental pitch of a given scale. Every tone in this system follows specific ratios found in what we now call th e Harmonic Overtone Series : 1:1 = the fundamental 2:1 = the octave 3:2 = the fifth 4:3 = the fourth 5:4 = a Major third 5:3 = a Major sixth 15:8 = a Major seventh In this system: Each note is perfectly tuned to its own fundamental pitch. Intervals (like fifths or thirds) are acoustically pure. Each key has its own ideal structure… but there is a significant drawback: it only works well in one key at a time . Problem: The Spiral of Disconnection The system, by itself, cannot make a full circle . If you begin on a note and ascend by perfect fifths (ratio 3:2, the principle upon which the Circle of Fifths is based), you will never return to the same starting note . Instead, you end up a small interval sharp —a discrepancy known as the: Pythagorean Comma A gap of about 23.5 cents  (slightly less than a quarter-tone) between the note you started on and the one you return to after a full cycle of 12 fifths. Pythagorean Comma in red. Note that the pitches in Just Tuning (overlayed in black) are slightly different than in Equal Temperament (blue and yellow graph). Therefore, as the circle continues to spiral, it can never return to its fundamental; it will continue to spiral infinitely, always falling short of its place of origin. Additionally, because each key is essentially tuned to itself, different keys can not work together without clashing, and modifications must be made to make modulation and harmony possible. Symbolic Insight : Just as mankind, when relying on natural law  or perfect justice , can never return to their spiritual origin without a mediator , so too pure tuning systems spiral endlessly —they may approach resolution. Yet, they cannot fully “come home” without external adjustment. Additionally, each key in a purely Just system is calibrated solely to itself, to its own laws and circumstances. This makes cooperation with other keys impossible unless they undergo some type of alteration or mediation. Consider the Twelve Tribes of Israel, and different religious denominations for that matter, each with their own standards for justice, struggling to unify without a mutual mediator.  The Spiritual Implication of the Comma The Pythagorean comma stands as a chasm between justice and mercy, a great divide: Even when every tone is perfect in itself, the system cannot resolve on its own . Justice , even when pure, cannot save us—it only exposes the gap  between our current state and God’s Eternal perfection (se e Alma 42:14–15 ). Returning “Home” to the original key through “Just Tuning” is impossible.  The circle remains open, broken, and unresolved —no matter how flawless each individual note may seem, it will always miss the mark. This mirrors the state of the soul under pure law or justice : even when striving for perfection, we all fall short. There is no return without intervention. Enter Well Temperament , a system that sacrifices a small measure of purity in each key to create unity and cohesion . Through slight imperfection, the whole is made harmonious . All keys are now connected and can work together. The spiral can become One, a complete and eternal circle. The gap, the great divide that made it impossible to return to our place of origin , is bridged.  And at the center of it all is a single tuning reference point—a central pitch —around which all tones can calibrate. That central pitch is Jesus Christ . Jesus is the Key of Return The Savior bridges the gap between law and mercy , between the Fall and redemption, uniting the end back to the beginning. This is what the At-One-ment is all about. Christ is not just a note in the melody—He is the chord that anchors the entire composition , the One  to whom every tone must tune for there to be peace, harmony, and a homecoming . In Section 29, we learn that: The earth will pass away and be renewed, just as we are meant to be. Opposition must exist so that agency, faith, and joy can exist. Lucifer rebelled, and his path leads to separation and chaos. Adam fell, but God did not abandon him—He sent angels and prophets, He taught repentance, and He promised redemption through the Only Begotten. Children are innocent and covered by Christ’s atonement. Those who live and die without the law are judged mercifully by a God who sees the whole heart. All of these truths are notes in a sacred symphony . And though the music may sometimes feel dissonant, filled with tension and trials, it is always moving, revolving, —and resolving—toward divine, universal harmony. Some Things to Expect in the Chapter Overview The outline below is a very condensed summary of Section 29, but in Part 2, we will explore the section in more detail, unpacking it layer by layer for those who want to delve deeper. This chapter is not only about the end of the world—it is about the beginning of understanding . It reveals the architecture of agency, God's justice, Christ's mercy, and the power of returning to spiritual resonance . So tune your heart, open your ears, and listen for the Voice within the Veil— Hear Him, the One whose arm of mercy is outstretched still. D&C STUDY GUIDE Some Ways You Can Use This Study Guide Personal Study:  Read each verse (or group of verses) in D&C 10 , then refer to the chart’s central themes, description, and biblical/Hebrew/Greek insights. Copy and paste desired sections and links into your Scripture notes using your LDS Tools.  Add any additional insights and incorporate these into your personal collection, keeping the things you want to have easily accessible in one place. Teaching Settings:  Present each row as an opportunity for discussion points. Invite learners to visit CFMCorner.com so they can come to class prepared to share things they discovered while exploring the available resources and cross-references. Encourage them to share their insights.  As time permits, some Hebrew/Greek terms  are provided as cross-references to deepen understanding of linguistic or cultural context. However, this represents only a tiny sampling of what is available and waiting to be discovered.  Dive in and enjoy the available resources.   1. Overview Section Theme : A panoramic vision of the Plan of Salvation , this revelation unfolds pre-mortal rebellion, mortal testing, divine judgment, and eternal redemption. It confronts the sobering realities of agency, the Fall, and the Last Days, but anchors us in Christ’s mercy , especially for little children and those who never had the law. Tone : Though apocalyptic in content, the section is deeply hopeful. It frames destruction as refining fire , death as birth into glory , and judgment as a final return to harmony . 2. Timeframe & Setting Date : September 1830, just before the second Church conference (Sept. 26). It is interesting that this date corresponded with Yom Kippur in 1830 . Yom Kippur, also known as the Day of Atonement, is the holiest day in Judaism. It is observed on the 10th of Tishrei and is preceded by Erev Yom Kippur, a day dedicated to preparation, reflection, and seeking forgiveness. The eve involves rituals such as the Kapparot  c eremony, festive meals, and additional prayers, all aimed at readying oneself for the solemn day ahead.​  The Kapparot Ceremony is especially significant in the context of D&C 29 because it involves the traditional charitable offering of a chicken .  In verse 2 of this section, Christ begins his lesson by talking about gathering his people, even as a hen gathers her chickens under her wings .   In 1830, Yom Kippur began at sunset on Sunday, September 26, and continued until nightfall on Monday, September 27. This period was marked by a 25-hour fast and intensive prayer, during which individuals sought atonement and spiritual renewal.  Location : Fayette, New York. Audience : Six elders in the Church, concerned with eschatological questions and preparation for gathering. 3. Key Circumstances Saints were being called to gather Israel , and revelations about the Millennium, judgment, and the nature of agency  were needed. This section answers questions about the destiny of children , the resurrection , and the justice and mercy of God . It was likely given in response to theological concerns from the Book of Mormon, previous revelations, and questions raised during early missionary efforts. 4. Purpose of the Revelation To reveal the structure of the Plan of Salvation —past, present, and future. To explain the necessity of the Fall , the role of opposition , and the work of Satan . To show that God’s justice is always balanced with mercy, especially for the innocent. To prepare the Church for future gathering , judgment, and eventual sanctification of the earth. 5. Significance Introduces cosmic eschatology  into early Restoration scripture. Establishes the doctrine that little children are saved through Christ  (reaffirmed in Moroni 8). Reveals Adam’s and Michael’s roles in judgment and resurrection. Teaches that all things are spiritual , and commandments—even those dealing with physical life—have eternal purpose. Reinforces Christ as the central tuning pitch  of all laws, keys, and covenants—bringing mortal chaos into divine harmony. Condensed Outline Theme & Description Resources & Cross-References 1- Verses 1-8: Gathering of the Elect  – Christ calls His people with love, mercy, and unity, promising protection for those who humble themselves and hearken. Matthew 23:37 ; D&C 33:6 ; Moses 7:62 ; 3 Nephi 10:6 ; Revelation 7:3 ; Why Did Jesus Christ Compare Himself to a Hen? , Where Did Joseph Smith Get His Ideas about the Physical and Spiritual Gathering of Israel? , Time of Gathering , Twelve Oxen and a Brazen Sea , Angel Guardian 2- Verses 9-11: The Second Coming and Millennium  – Christ will come in glory, refine the righteous with fire that will burn the wicked, and dwell with the righteous for 1,000 years. Revelation 20:4 ; Malachi 4:1 ; Zechariah 14:5–9 ; D&C 43:29–30 ; Malachi 3:2 ; Daniel 3 ; 1 Peter 1:7 3- Verses 12-13: The Twelve Apostles as Judges  – Christ’s apostles, transfigured andclothed in robes of righteousness, will stand as sentinels, like hours on a clock, judging Israel. Matthew 19:28 ; Revelation 4:4 ; D&C 1:14 ; 3 Nephi 27:27 4- Verses 14-21: Signs and Plagues Before the Coming  – Cosmic upheaval, hail, pestilence, and fire will cleanse the earth. This refining parallels Daniel’s furnace and apocalyptic prophecy. Joel 2:10–31 ; Revelation 8 –16; Exodus 9:24 ; Daniel 3 ; Isaiah 24 ; Are There Really Only Two Churches? (1 Nephi 14:10) ,  5- Verses 22- 28: Resurrection and Final Judgment  – After the Millennium, Satan will be loosed, followed by resurrection and separation. The old earth will pass, and a new one will rise. 2 Peter 3:10–13 ; Revelation 20:7–15 ; Alma 11:43–45 ; D&C 88:95–101 6- Verses 29-35: All Things Are Spiritual  – God gives no temporal law; all commandments are spiritually motivated, even those that appear physical (e.g., Word of Wisdom, Sabbath). All things are designed to testify of Christ. He teaches about the importance and necessity of opposition. D&C 88:15 ; Alma 30:44 ; 2 Nephi 2:11 ; 2 Corinthians 4:18 ; Moses 6:63 7- Verses 36-39: The Fall of Lucifer and the Necessity of Opposition  – Satan fell by pride, taking 1/3 of heaven with him. He tempts man, making agency meaningful. Moses 4:1–4 ; Isaiah 14:12–15 ; Revelation 12:7–9 ; 2 Nephi 2:11–16 , Why Did Lehi "Suppose" the Existence of Satan? (2 Nephi 24:12) , Why Did Lehi Teach that the Fall was Necessary? , How Does the Devil Lead Us Astray? 8- Verses 40-45: The Fall of Adam and the Probationary State  – Adam was cast out but taught repentance and redemption through Christ. This life is a test, not a punishment. 2 Nephi 2:25–27 ; Romans 5:12–19 ; Moses 5:9–12 ; Alma 42 , Why Did Jesus Say that Some Well-Intentioned People Will Be Told to Depart? , Cast Out , From Bramble-Bound Fields 9- Verses 46-50: Little Children and the Unaccountable Redeemed  – Christ redeems all children and those who die without law. Parents are held responsible for their stewardship. Moroni 8:8–12 ; D&C 137:7–10 ; D&C 68:25–28 ; Mosiah 3:16 ; Matthew 19:14 , Why Did Moroni Include Mormon’s Condemnation of Infant Baptism? (Moroni 8:12) , Small Graves Additional Resources: The Scripture Citation Index Doctrine & Covenants Stories Scripture Stories Coloring Book - D&C Liahona , For the Strength of Youth , Friend Saints The Gospel Learning and Teaching email subscription Revelations in Context: The Stories Behind the Sections of the Doctrine and Covenants Doctrine and Covenants Historical Resources Joseph Smith Papers   Joseph Smith’s Revelations: A Doctrine and Covenants Study Companion from the Joseph Smith Papers Joseph Smith Papers Podcasts Mission of the Prophet Joseph Smith Accounts of the First Vision Prophets of the Restoration Gospel Topics Essays Gospel Topics and Questions Church History Topics Answers to Church History Questions Global Histories Saints, Volume 1 Saints, Volume 2 Revelations in Context Joseph Smith’s Revelations Joseph Smith Papers Podcasts Church History Topics Maps: Church History Maps Northeastern United States Palmyra-Manchester, New York, 1820–31 The New York, Pennsylvania, and Ohio Area of the USA Joseph Smith Papers Joseph Smith's Residences The Scriptures, Mapped

CFM : March 24–30 D&C 27–28  Videos, Podcasts, & Weekly Lesson Material Media Resource Links BYU RSC Library D&C 27-28 The “Same” Organization That Existed in the Primitive Church The Lord's Supper in Early Mormonism Sacramental Connections: Deliverance, Redemption, and Safety (D&C 27) Come Follow Church History with Lynne Hilton Wilson D&C 27-29 Come Follow Me Kid D&C 27-28 Come Follow Me Scott Woodward & Casey Griffiths D&C 27-28 Come Follow Up D&C 27-28 D&C Historical Background D&C 27-28 Don't Miss This D&C 27-28 Follow Him D&C 27-28 Doctrine & Covenants 27 • Dr. Matthew Richardson Doctrine & Covenants 28 • Dr. Matthew Richardson Show Notes Grounded with Barbara Morgan D&C 27-28 Hurricane Adult Religion Class D&C 27-28 Emma Hale Smith; The Sacrament; Authority in the Church Video Notes Slides Seminary Decks D&C 27:1-14 D&C 27:15-18 Armor of God Preparing for General Conference Latter Day Kids D&C 27-28 Armor of God Atlas and the Pirate Ship Line Upon Line D&C 27-28 Meridian Magazine Podcast D&C 27-28 Our Mother's Knew It D&C 27-28 Saving Talents D&C 27-28 Scripture Study Central D&C 27-28 Come Follow Me Insights (Doctrine and Covenants 27-28, Mar 15-21) Come Follow Me: Act in Doctrine (Doctrine and Covenants 27–28, Mar 15–21) Come Follow Me with Casey Paul Griffiths (Doctrine and Covenants 27-28, Mar 15-21) Hard Questions in Church History with Lynne Hilton Wilson: Week 12-13 (D&C 27-29, Mar 15-21) Come Follow Me with Taylor Halverson (Doctrine and Covenants 27-28, Mar 15-21) Come Follow Me with John Hilton III (Doctrine and Covenants 27-28) Doctrine and Covenants 28, with Scott Woodward Doctrine and Covenants Contexts: D&C 27  and 28 Doctrine and Covenants Minute: D&C 27  and 28 Restoration Voices Volume 2: D&C 27  and 28 Scripture Explorers D&C 27-28 The Armor Of God Scripture Gems D&C 27-28 Scripture Insights D&C 27-28 Talking Scripture D&C 27-28 Ep 313 | D&C 27-28, Come Follow Me 2025 (March 24-30) Show Notes The Interpreter Foundation D&C 27-28 Study and Teaching Helps: 2025 Doctrine & Covenants , Jonn Claybaugh Interpreter Radio Show — March 2, 2025, including Doctrine & Covenants in Context Nibley Lectures: Come, Follow Me Doctrine and Covenants Lesson 13 (D&C 27-28) Audio Roundtable: Come, Follow Me Doctrine and Covenants Lesson 11 (D&C 23–26) “Be Not Deceived, but Continue in Steadfastness” Doctrine & Covenants 26; 28; 43:1-7; 50; 52:14-19 Scripture Roundtable: D&C Gospel Doctrine Lesson 10, "This Is My Voice unto All" Scripture Roundtable: D&C Gospel Doctrine Lesson 24, "Be Not Deceived, but Continue in Steadfastness" The Red Crystal D&C 27-28 The Scriptures are Real D&C 27-28 S4 E 14 Blessed, Broken, and Revealed (D&C 27-28) Unshaken D&C 27-28 Come Follow Me - D&C 27-28 - Keys of the Kingdom Unshaken Verse-by-Verse: D&C 27-28 - The Armor of God Resources and Insights for this Week's Lesson   There is quite a bit going on in these chapters, and some significant messages often get overlooked, including the importance of Oliver's mission to the Lamanites. This is a topic that deserves some focused attention. Social Implications of Oliver Cowdery’s Mission to the Lamanites and Resulting Controversy The Context of Oliver Cowdery’s Mission When Oliver Cowdery was commanded in D&C 28:8–10  to preach the gospel to the Lamanites (Native American tribes), it marked one of the earliest organized missionary efforts of the newly restored Church. However, this mission was not merely spiritual—it also carried profound social and political consequences , especially in the racially and politically charged atmosphere  of the early 19th-century American frontier. The mission occurred in late 1830 and early 1831 , during a time of high racial tension. The U.S. government was enacting policies of Native displacement and racial separation , culminating in the Indian Removal Act of 1830 , signed by President Andrew Jackson. At the same time, the Latter-day Saints, through revelation and prophetic teaching, were extending spiritual equality and covenantal identity  to marginalized groups—particularly Native Americans  and, in other ways, enslaved Africans . Social and Political Concerns from White Settlers 1. The Perceived Threat of Mormon Influence on Native Americans The idea of white men preaching the gospel to Native American tribes deeply unsettled white settlers , who feared these missionaries might inspire rebellion or resistance  among indigenous populations. In frontier areas like western Missouri , white settlers—many of whom had only recently displaced Native groups—viewed Mormon proselytizing as politically subversive . Similar suspicions had previously been aimed at Quakers and Methodists , who also sought to uplift and educate Native peoples. 2. Church Teachings on Equality & Anti-Slavery Joseph Smith’s early teachings included radical assertions of equality —that all are alike unto God , including bond and free, black and white  ( 2 Nephi 26:33 ). These teachings, along with the Church’s missionary outreach to Native peoples and the baptism of Black converts , were considered threatening in slaveholding, racially stratified societies . According to the Century of Black Mormons Project , the Church’s early openness to Black priesthood holders  and interracial religious fellowship —though later restricted—was unusual and controversial  in the antebellum American context. This emphasis on universal salvation and inclusion  made the Saints appear socially radical and politically dangerous  in the eyes of many white Americans. 3. The Indian Removal Act of 1830 The timing of Oliver’s mission, aligning with the Indian Removal Act, raised government suspicion  that the Church might be interfering with federal policy. Efforts to establish religious ties with Native tribes contradicted the U.S. agenda of removal and relocation , especially in Missouri and surrounding territories. In early 1831 , Cowdery and his companions were forcibly expelled from Indian Territory  by federal agents, ending their mission prematurely. (For those interested, this Docrial Thesis, written by Kaleb Miller, gives an intriguing history into the context of Oliver Cowdery's mission, particularly from the Native American perspective, Indian Removal and the Lamanite Mission of 1830-3 1) 4. The 1833 Jackson County Expulsion & Broader Persecution The fallout from the Lamanite mission and the Church’s egalitarian teachings helped lay the groundwork for the violent expulsion of the Saints from Jackson County in 1833 . Missouri settlers saw the Church as radical, interracial, and destabilizing , especially as it gained converts and sought to establish Zion in their midst . Governor Lilburn W. Boggs , who would later issue the Extermination Order in 1838 , was among those deeply opposed to the Church’s relationship with Native peoples and its theological implications. Broader Implications for the Church A Commitment to the Lamanites and Scattered Israel Despite early setbacks, the mission to the Lamanites reflects the Church’s ongoing focus on the gathering of Israel , particularly the descendants of Lehi. Later revelations (e.g., D&C 49:24 ; 3 Nephi 21:1–7 ) reaffirmed this covenant promise. The Book of Mormon’s message to the Lamanites  remains central to the Restoration’s purpose. A Pattern of Persecution and Misunderstanding The early Church’s inclusive doctrine  and outreach to oppressed peoples  fueled continued opposition . Anti-slavery sentiment , even in embryonic form, was politically dangerous  in slaveholding states. The Saints' refusal to conform to racial hierarchies  put them at odds with prevailing culture. A Lasting Legacy in Missionary Work Although the first Lamanite mission was cut short, it established a pattern  for later outreach. From the 19th-century Indian Placement Program  to modern-day language-based branches and cultural support programs , the Church has continued to reach out to Indigenous peoples worldwide . Cross-References & Additional Scripture Insights 3 Nephi 21:1–7  – Christ prophesies that the gospel will go first to the Lamanites D&C 49:24  – The Lamanites will "blossom as the rose" Isaiah 49:22  – The Lord will lift His hand to the nations and gather Israel D&C 57:1–3  – Zion to be built near Lamanite territory (Jackson County, Missouri) D&C 87:5  – Wars foretold that may reflect racial and social unrest Conference Talks & Modern Teachings President Russell M. Nelson , "The Gathering of Scattered Israel"  (Oct 2006) Elder Spencer W. Kimball , "The Restoration and Destiny of the Lamanites"  (Oct 1947) Elder Larry J. Echo Hawk , "The Blessings of the Gospel Among Indigenous Peoples"  (Oct 2012) References and Books of Interest Indian Removal and the Lamanite Mission of 1830-31 .  (A Docrial Thesis, written by Kaleb Miller, provides an intriguing history into the context of Oliver Cowdery's mission, particularly from the Native American perspective.) Was There Hebrew Language in Ancient America? An Interview with Brian Stubbs   ( PDF Hebrew and Uto-Aztecan: Possible Linguistic Connections ) Exploring Semitic and Egyptian in Uto-Aztecan Languages The Interpreter Foundation https://journal.interpreterfoundation.org  › exploring-se... Reflection & Discussion Questions Why do you think the Lord commanded one of the first missions to go to the Lamanites? What lessons can we learn from the hostility that arose because of this mission? How does the early mission to the Lamanites relate to the Church’s current efforts to gather Israel? What does this teach us about opposition and faith when doing the Lord’s work? How can we apply the Lord’s vision of unity among all peoples in today’s world? Conclusion Oliver Cowdery’s mission to the Lamanites had profound spiritual, political, and social consequences . It set in motion patterns of persecution and misunderstanding  that would follow the Church for decades. However, it also reinforced the Church’s prophetic identity  as a gathering force for all peoples , particularly the remnant of Israel. In a time of deep division and inequality, the Restoration boldly proclaimed a universal gospel  of covenant, equality, and redemption —a message that remains as radical and necessary today as it was then. D&C STUDY GUIDE Some Ways You Can Use This Study Guide Personal Study:  Read each verse (or group of verses) in D&C 10 , then refer to the chart’s central themes, description, and biblical/Hebrew/Greek insights. Copy and paste desired sections and links into your Scripture notes using your LDS Tools.  Add any additional insights and incorporate these into your personal collection, keeping the things you want to have easily accessible in one place. Teaching Settings:  Present each row as an opportunity for discussion points. Invite learners to visit CFMCorner.com so they can come to class prepared to share things they discovered while exploring the available resources and cross-references. Encourage them to share their insights.  As time permits, some Hebrew/Greek terms  are provided as cross-references to deepen understanding of linguistic or cultural context. However, this represents only a tiny sampling of what is available and waiting to be discovered.  Dive in and enjoy the available resources.   Doctrine and Covenants 28 Study Guide Chapter Overview Section 28 was revealed in September 1830  in Fayette, New York  in response to a crisis in the early Church. Hiram Page , a member of the Church, claimed to receive revelations using a seer stone , and many, including Oliver Cowdery , believed his messages about the building of Zion  and Church governance. This revelation reaffirmed Joseph Smith’s prophetic authority  and corrected the false teachings, emphasizing the importance of priesthood order  and divine governance  in receiving revelation for the Church. Timeframe & Setting Date:  September 1830. Location:  Fayette, New York. Context:  Hiram Page claimed to receive revelations through a seer stone, creating confusion in the Church. This revelation clarified that Joseph Smith alone  held the keys to receive commandments for the Church. Key Circumstances The Authority of the Prophet : The Lord reaffirms that only Joseph Smith  has the authority to receive revelations for the whole Church. Order and Common Consent : The revelation establishes Church order , ensuring that no unauthorized individuals claim prophetic authority. Hiram Page’s False Revelations : The Lord reveals that Satan deceived Hiram Page , and Oliver Cowdery is commanded to correct him privately . Mission to the Lamanites : Oliver Cowdery is commanded to preach the gospel to the Lamanites  and help establish the Church among them. Future Location of Zion : The Lord hints that Zion will be built near the Lamanite borders , but its precise location is not yet revealed. Purpose of the Revelation To Correct False Revelation : The Lord warns against unauthorized revelation, ensuring priesthood order . To Reaffirm Prophetic Keys : The Lord confirms that Joseph Smith alone  holds the keys of revelation, comparable to Moses. To Establish Missionary Work : The Lord commands Oliver Cowdery to preach to the Lamanites  as part of the early missionary efforts . Significance Defining Prophetic Authority : This section establishes prophetic leadership  in the Church, preventing doctrinal confusion. Reinforcing the Pattern of Revelation : The Lord teaches that revelation comes through proper channels , ensuring order in the Church . First Mention of Zion’s Location : The Lord reveals that Zion will be near the Lamanites, foreshadowing Independence, Missouri  as its future site. Clarifying the Role of the Seer Stone : While seer stones were used righteously (e.g., by Joseph Smith), Hiram Page’s use was unauthorized . Main Topics and Themes from D&C 28 Major Topics & Themes Resources & Links Verse:  1–2 Theme: Joseph Smith (The Prophet/ President of the Church) Holds the Keys of Revelation Description: These verses clarify the proper order of revelation  within the Church, specifically addressing a conflict over false revelations  received by Hiram Page  through a seer stone. The Lord declares that Joseph Smith alone  holds the keys to receive commandments and revelations for the Church . This revelation also defines the hierarchy of prophetic authority  in the Restoration, comparing Joseph to Moses and Oliver to Aaron. The Lord acknowledges Oliver Cowdery’s role as a teacher and leader  in the Church. He is authorized to teach doctrine , but only as directed by the Comforter (Holy Ghost)  and only regarding revelations already given . This verse reaffirms that Oliver is not a revelator for the Church , but his voice is still important in testifying of the revealed word . Joseph Smith’s Role as the Prophet Exclusive Prophetic Authority : Joseph Smith is the only one  appointed to receive commandments and revelations  for the whole Church. Comparison to Moses : This places Joseph Smith’s prophetic role on the same level as Moses , who led Israel, received divine commandments, and organized God’s covenant people . Order in Revelation : This verse sets a precedent  that Church-wide revelation comes only through the appointed prophet . Hebrew/Greek Insights: "Commandments and Revelations" (v. 2) Commandments (מִצְוָה – mitzvah )  – A divine law or decree, often associated with covenants and obedience  ( Exodus 24:12 ). Revelation (ἀποκάλυψις – apokalypsis )  – Literally means “unveiling” or “disclosure,” emphasizing that revelation is given by God, not self-generated  ( Galatians 1:12 ). Order (שׂוּם  sûwm , צָוָה  tsâvâh , דִּבְרָה  dibrâh , ( Psa 110:4 ), סֶדֶר  çeder , מִשְׁפָּט  mishpâṭ , כּוּן  kûwn , διατάσσω  diatássō , τάξις  táxis , τάσσω  tássō Parallels Between Prophetic Authority and Ancient Temple Leadership This passage draws parallels between Joseph Smith’s prophetic role and Moses’ leadership in ancient Israel , which included: Exclusive Revelation Moses received the Ten Commandments  for all of Israel. Joseph Smith received the Doctrine & Covenants  for the modern Church. Divine Calling Through Ordinations Moses was set apart by God  through the burning bush. Joseph Smith was ordained by angelic messengers  (John the Baptist, Peter, James, and John). Temple Leadership Moses established the Aaronic Priesthood and Tabernacle ordinances . Joseph Smith restored priesthood keys and temple ordinances . Common Consent and Sustaining Moses’ leadership was sustained by the elders of Israel  ( Numbers 11:16-17 ). Joseph Smith was sustained by the members of the Church  ( D&C 26:2 ). Reflection: How does the order of revelation in ancient Israel  relate to how the Church operates today? How do these verses illustrate the balance between inspiration and authority in Church leadership? Why is it essential that revelation for the Church comes through one appointed prophet? What challenges arise when individuals claim unauthorized revelation (like Hiram Page)? How does comparing Joseph Smith to Moses strengthen our testimony of modern prophets? How can we ensure that we are following the true prophetic voice in our day? Section 28 Hiram Page A Mission to the Lamanites All Things Must Be Done in Order Come Life or Come Death The ‘Same’ Organization That Existed in the Primitive Church How Can People Today Avoid Being Destroyed Like the Nephites Were? Numbers 12:6-8  – Moses as the Lord’s prophet;  D&C 43:1-7  – Only the appointed prophet receives revelation for the Church Exodus 4:15-16  – God appoints Aaron to speak for Moses , just as Oliver was called to declare Joseph’s revelations . Deuteronomy 18:15-18  – Moses prophesies that a future prophet like him  will arise (a foreshadowing of both Christ and Joseph Smith ). D&C 21:4-5  – The Church is commanded to heed the prophet's words . Amos 3:7  – "Surely the Lord God will do nothing, but he revealeth his secret unto his servants the prophets." " The Lord Leads His Church "  – President Henry B. Eyring (April 2017) Explains the order of revelation  and the role of the living prophet . " Sustaining the Prophets "  – President Russell M. Nelson (April 2018) Teaches that revelation must come through the appointed prophet , just as in Moses’ day. " Revelation for the Church, Revelation for Our Lives "  – President Russell M. Nelson (April 2018) Encourages members to seek personal revelation  while following the prophet’s direction . " The Keys and Authority of the Priesthood "  – Elder Dallin H. Oaks (April 2014) Clarifies that priesthood keys determine who can receive revelation for the Church . Verse: 3–7 Theme:  Oliver Cowdery’s Role and Limits Description:  This passage further clarifies the prophetic order  established in the Church, reinforcing that Joseph Smith alone receives revelations for the Church . Oliver Cowdery, like Aaron to Moses, is instructed to declare the revelations given to Joseph with power and authority . The Lord also warns against commanding those in higher authority  and confirms that Joseph holds the keys to the mysteries and sealed revelations . Oliver is assigned the role of “declaring” rather than “receiving” commandments , just as Aaron spoke for Moses (Exodus 4:16). “With power and authority”  – Oliver is expected to testify boldly , reinforcing the role of prophetic support  in the Church. Reflection:   What does this verse teach about following prophetic counsel even when we hold leadership roles? Oliver is allowed to teach doctrine as led by the Spirit  but is explicitly forbidden from writing revelations as commandments  for the Church. "By wisdom"  – Oliver can still provide guidance and counsel , but his words are not binding revelation . Reflection:   How does this verse help us differentiate between personal revelation  and Church-wide revelation ? D&C 28:6 – Do Not Command the Lord’s Anointed "And thou shalt not command him who is at thy head, and at the head of the church;" The Lord explicitly forbids Oliver (or anyone) from commanding Joseph Smith . This reinforces that priesthood leadership follows divine order  ( D&C 132:8 ). Reflection:  How do we show respect for the Lord’s appointed leaders  while still exercising personal revelation? D&C 28:7 – The Keys of the Mysteries and Sealed Revelations "For I have given him the keys of the mysteries, and the revelations which are sealed, until I shall appoint unto them another in his stead." Joseph Smith holds the “keys of the mysteries” , meaning he alone receives the sealed and deeper revelations  for the Church. This echoes Isaiah 22:22  – keys symbolize divine authority  to open and shut sacred knowledge . The Lord foreshadows that another prophet will one day hold these same keys , emphasizing succession in Church leadership . Reflection:   What does this verse teach about the continuous line of prophetic authority  in the Church? Hebrew/Greek Insights: 1. "Declare Faithfully" (v. 3) Greek : "κηρύσσω" ( kēryssō )  – Means to proclaim, announce, or herald  with divine authority, emphasizing Oliver’s role as a messenger . Hebrew : "נָבָא" ( nava )  – A term for prophetic speaking , but used here in a secondary role  as one who testifies rather than originates prophecy . Reflection:   What does it mean to declare the Lord’s words "faithfully"  in our own lives? 2. "By Way of Commandment" (v. 5) Greek : "ἐντολή" ( entolē )  – Means "an authoritative directive or command" , showing that only Joseph Smith  could receive divine laws. Hebrew : "מִצְוָה" ( mitzvah )  – A binding law or ordinance , indicating that revelation for the Church must come through priesthood order . Reflection:   How does this verse help us recognize the divinely established pattern of revelation ? 3. "Keys of the Mysteries" (v. 7) Greek : "μυστήριον" ( mystērion )  – Refers to hidden or sacred knowledge that must be revealed by divine authority . Hebrew : "סוֹד" ( sod )  – Means "secret counsel, sacred knowledge shared in the presence of God" , similar to temple teachings . Reflection: What are some modern examples of how prophets reveal “mysteries”  for our time? Why was it necessary to clarify that only Joseph Smith could receive revelations for the Church? How does Oliver’s role as a “declarer” rather than a “receiver” of commandments help us understand prophetic leadership? Why do prophetic keys matter in the Lord’s Church today? Why do we sustain the prophet  in General Conference, and how does that relate to these verses? How can we apply the principle of respecting divine order in our personal callings and responsibilities? Exodus 4:15-16  – Aaron as a spokesman for Moses;  D&C 21:4-5  – Joseph called to lead with divine authority. Exodus 4:15-16  – Aaron was called to declare Moses’ words , just as Oliver was called to declare Joseph’s revelations . Numbers 12:6-8  – God speaks to Moses directly , reinforcing the pattern of divine revelation . Isaiah 22:22  – Prophetic keys  give authority to open and shut sacred knowledge . D&C 43:3-7  – Only Joseph Smith  (and later prophets) can receive commandments for the Church . D&C 107:18-19  – The keys of the mysteries  belong to the Melchizedek Priesthood, enabling greater revelation . Matthew 16:18-19  – Christ gives Peter the keys , showing that prophetic authority is divinely appointed . " The Doctrine of Christ "  – Elder D. Todd Christofferson (April 2012) Teaches that commandments must come through proper priesthood channels . " Prophets, Leadership, and Divine Law "  – President Russell M. Nelson President Nelson describes his personal relationship with 10 of the 16 Prophets of this Dispensation.  He explains why the Lord always works through an appointed prophet . Verse: 8–10 Theme:  Oliver Cowdery’s Mission to the Lamanites Description:  Oliver is commanded to preach to the Lamanites  and help establish the Church among them. The location of Zion is not yet revealed  but will be on the borders of the Lamanites . Hebrew/ Greek Insights: "Preach My Gospel" (v. 8) Greek : "κηρύσσω" ( kērussō )  – "To proclaim, publish, or announce with divine authority." Hebrew : "בָּשַׂר" ( basar )  – "To bring good news, to announce salvation." "Borders by the Lamanites" (v. 9) Hebrew : "גְּבוּל" ( gevul )  – "Border, boundary, a region set apart." Symbolism : Borders often signify a place of transition , showing that Zion will be a gathering place for scattered Israel . "Appointed to Preside" (v. 10) Greek : "προΐστημι" ( proistēmi ,)  – "To stand before, to lead with care and diligence." Hebrew : "נָגִיד" ( nagid )  – "A ruler or leader chosen by divine call." Reflection: How does this early mission  to the Lamanites connect to the Church’s modern efforts to gather Israel ? What does this verse teach about God’s timing  in revealing His plans? Why is it important that priesthood leadership and missionary work  operate under divine order ? How do these verses apply to the modern gathering of Israel? Who Are the Lamanites? D&C 30:5-6  – More on Oliver’s mission; D&C 57:1-3  – Zion later revealed in Independence, Missouri . 2 Nephi 30:3-6  – A prophecy that the Lamanites will come to a knowledge of the truth in the last days . 3 Nephi 21:1-7  – Christ teaches that the restoration of the gospel will begin among the Lamanites . D&C 49:24  – The Lamanites will blossom as the rose  in the last days. D&C 57:1-3  – The Lord later reveals that Zion’s location is in Jackson County, Missouri . Isaiah 2:2-3  – Zion is prophesied to be established in the last days as a gathering place . D&C 20:61-62  – Instructions on how Church conferences should be conducted . D&C 107:22-24  – The First Presidency is appointed to preside over the Church . " The Gathering of Scattered Israel "  – President Russell M. Nelson (October 2006) Explains how the gathering of Israel  includes the descendants of Lehi (the Lamanites) . " We are All Enlisted "  – Elder Jeffrey R. Holland (April 2001) Discusses the importance of bringing the gospel to all nations , including the House of Israel. Verse: 11–12 Theme: Hiram Page’s False Revelations Description:  The Lord Rejects Hiram Page’s Revelations: The Lord commands Oliver to privately correct  Hiram Page, confirming that his revelations are from Satan  and have no authority . The Lord establishes a key principle : Revelation cannot contradict prior covenants  or doctrine revealed through proper priesthood channels . This verse reinforces the need for unity and order in revelation  ( see D&C 42:11 ). "All things must be done in order"  – The Church follows a divine pattern , ensuring that revelation comes through proper channels  ( D&C 43:1-7 ). Hebrew/Greek Insights:  "Seer Stone" (v. 11) Greek : "λίθος" ( lithos )  – A general term for a stone, sometimes used metaphorically for divination  or spiritual sight . Hebrew : "אוּרִים וְתֻמִּים" ( Urim  ve’ Tummim )  – Meaning "lights and perfections," referring to stones used for divine communication by ancient priests ( Exodus 28:30 ). Stones of Fire   Reflection: How do we distinguish between true and false sources of revelation ? Matthew 18:15-17  – Jesus teaches that private correction should come before public rebuke .   D&C 43:1-7  – Only the prophet can receive commandments for the Church . 2 Corinthians 11:14  – Satan can appear as an angel of light , deceiving even sincere believers. D&C 42:11  – No one is authorized to preach or command in the Church unless ordained by proper priesthood authority . D&C 132:7  – The Lord commands that all things be done under proper priesthood keys . " Beware of False Prophets "  – Elder M. Russell Ballard (April 1999) Warns against false claims of revelation  that contradict the prophet’s teachings. " Ask, Seek, Knock "  – Pres. Russell M. Nelson (Oct 2009) "For each of you to receive revelation unique to your own needs and responsibilities, certain guidelines prevail. The Lord asks you to develop “faith, hope, charity and love, with an eye single to the glory of God.” Then with your firm “faith, virtue, knowledge, temperance, patience, brotherly kindness, godliness, charity, humility, [and] diligence,” you may ask,  and you will receive; you may knock,  and it will be opened unto you." "Revelation from God is always compatible with His eternal law. It never contradicts His doctrine." "Every Latter-day Saint may merit personal revelation. The invitation to ask, seek, and knock for divine direction exists because God lives, and Jesus is the living Christ. It exists because this is His living Church." Verse:13–14 Theme:  Church Order and Common Consent Description: All things must be done in order , and revelations should be sustained by the Church  through common consent . Hebrew/Greek Insights:  "Common Consent" (v. 13) Greek : "σύμφωνος" ( symphōnos )  – Meaning "in harmony, agreement, or unity" . Hebrew : "יָחַד" ( yachad )  – Signifies oneness or being united in purpose . Reflection: Why is doctrinal unity essential  before the Church expands into new areas? Why are principles of united harmony so important in the church, in families, internally, and in covenant Israel?  Why does God expect unity in revelation  rather than allowing contradictory voices ? Common Consent The Law of Common Consent   Acts 2:46-47  – The early Church functioned in unity, common consent, and rejoicing . D&C 26:2  – Church decisions made by common consent ;  1 Corinthians 14:33  – God is a God of peace (order, harmony, the way that leads to peace/salvation) ( εἰρήνης   eirēnēs ). “ By Union of Feeling We Obtain Power with God ” Sharon Eubanks “ That We May Be One ” Elder Henry B. Eyring Verse: 15–16 Theme: Preach the Gospel Boldly with Joy Description: Oliver is instructed to open his mouth at all times , declaring the gospel with joy . Hebrew/Greek Insights:  "Rejoicing" (v. 16) Greek: "ἀγαλλίασις" ( agalliasis ) – Meaning "exceeding joy, triumph, exultation." Hebrew: "שִׂמְחָה" ( simchah ) – Refers to deep spiritual joy, often associated with feasts and celebrations in God’s presence. גִּי לָה  gîylâh  –  rejoicing, coming full circle, a revolution רִנָּה  rinnâh  – singing, cries of distress, supplication, understanding,  triumph, joy, proclamation, and praise. 2 Nephi 2:25 Adam fell that men might be; and men are, that they might have joy. ( Moses 5:10 ) Reflection:  Why is joyful proclamation of the gospel more effective than fearful or reluctant preaching? How does sharing the gospel joyfully strengthen both the messenger and the listener? How can we consistently share the Gospel through our actions rather than just our words alone? How does the gospel message prepare us for times of uncertainty?  Why is it called rejoicing and not just the sound of joy, and why is that significant? 2 Timothy 4:2  – Preach the gospel at all times;  Mosiah 18:9  – Stand as a witness of God. " How Great Will Be Your Joy "  – Elder Ronald A. Rasband (October 2023) Extends an invitation for missionary work, encouraging members to share the gospel with joy and enthusiasm . " A Higher Joy "  – Elder Dieter F. Uchtdorf (April 2024) Encourages members to seek and find the higher joy that comes from devoting our lives to our Heavenly Father and His Beloved Son. “ Joy and Spiritual Survival ”  – President Russell M Nelson When the focus of our lives is on Jesus Christ and His gospel, we can feel joy regardless of what is happening—or not happening—in our lives. Additional Resources: The Scripture Citation Index Doctrine & Covenants Stories Scripture Stories Coloring Book - D&C Liahona , For the Strength of Youth , Friend Saints The Gospel Learning and Teaching email subscription Revelations in Context: The Stories Behind the Sections of the Doctrine and Covenants Doctrine and Covenants Historical Resources Joseph Smith Papers   Joseph Smith’s Revelations: A Doctrine and Covenants Study Companion from the Joseph Smith Papers Joseph Smith Papers Podcasts Mission of the Prophet Joseph Smith Accounts of the First Vision Prophets of the Restoration Gospel Topics Essays Gospel Topics and Questions Church History Topics Answers to Church History Questions Global Histories Saints, Volume 1 Saints, Volume 2 Revelations in Context Joseph Smith’s Revelations Joseph Smith Papers Podcasts Church History Topics Maps: Church History Maps Northeastern United States Palmyra-Manchester, New York, 1820–31 The New York, Pennsylvania, and Ohio Area of the USA Joseph Smith Papers Joseph Smith's Residences The Scriptures, Mapped

CFM : March 24–30 D&C 27–28  Videos, Podcasts, & Weekly Lesson Material Media Resource Links BYU RSC Library D&C 27-28 The “Same” Organization That Existed in the Primitive Church The Lord's Supper in Early Mormonism Sacramental Connections: Deliverance, Redemption, and Safety (D&C 27) Come Follow Church History with Lynne Hilton Wilson D&C 27-29 Come Follow Me Kid D&C 27-28 Come Follow Me Scott Woodward & Casey Griffiths D&C 27-28 Come Follow Up D&C 27-28 D&C Historical Background D&C 27-28 Don't Miss This D&C 27-28 Follow Him D&C 27-28 Doctrine & Covenants 27 • Dr. Matthew Richardson Doctrine & Covenants 28 • Dr. Matthew Richardson Show Notes Grounded with Barbara Morgan D&C 27-28 Hurricane Adult Religion Class D&C 27-28 Emma Hale Smith; The Sacrament; Authority in the Church Video Notes Slides Seminary Decks D&C 27:1-14 D&C 27:15-18 Armor of God Preparing for General Conference Latter Day Kids D&C 27-28 Armor of God Atlas and the Pirate Ship Line Upon Line D&C 27-28 Meridian Magazine Podcast D&C 27-28 Our Mother's Knew It D&C 27-28 Saving Talents D&C 27-28 Scripture Study Central D&C 27-28 Come Follow Me Insights (Doctrine and Covenants 27-28, Mar 15-21) Come Follow Me: Act in Doctrine (Doctrine and Covenants 27–28, Mar 15–21) Come Follow Me with Casey Paul Griffiths (Doctrine and Covenants 27-28, Mar 15-21) Hard Questions in Church History with Lynne Hilton Wilson: Week 12-13 (D&C 27-29, Mar 15-21) Come Follow Me with Taylor Halverson (Doctrine and Covenants 27-28, Mar 15-21) Come Follow Me with John Hilton III (Doctrine and Covenants 27-28) Doctrine and Covenants 28, with Scott Woodward Doctrine and Covenants Contexts: D&C 27  and 28 Doctrine and Covenants Minute: D&C 27  and 28 Restoration Voices Volume 2: D&C 27  and 28 Scripture Explorers D&C 27-28 The Armor Of God Scripture Gems D&C 27-28 Scripture Insights D&C 27-28 Talking Scripture D&C 27-28 Ep 313 | D&C 27-28, Come Follow Me 2025 (March 24-30) Show Notes The Interpreter Foundation D&C 27-28 Study and Teaching Helps: 2025 Doctrine & Covenants , Jonn Claybaugh Interpreter Radio Show — March 2, 2025, including Doctrine & Covenants in Context Nibley Lectures: Come, Follow Me Doctrine and Covenants Lesson 13 (D&C 27-28) Audio Roundtable: Come, Follow Me Doctrine and Covenants Lesson 11 (D&C 23–26) “Be Not Deceived, but Continue in Steadfastness” Doctrine & Covenants 26; 28; 43:1-7; 50; 52:14-19 Scripture Roundtable: D&C Gospel Doctrine Lesson 10, "This Is My Voice unto All" Scripture Roundtable: D&C Gospel Doctrine Lesson 24, "Be Not Deceived, but Continue in Steadfastness" The Red Crystal D&C 27-28 The Scriptures are Real D&C 27-28 S4 E 14 Blessed, Broken, and Revealed (D&C 27-28) Unshaken D&C 27-28 Come Follow Me - D&C 27-28 - Keys of the Kingdom Unshaken Verse-by-Verse: D&C 27-28 - The Armor of God Resources and Insights for this Week's Lesson   From Policy to Principle: Learning to Discern the Spirit of the Law In our previous lessons, we explored how the Lord is methodically building His Church and gospel framework—step by step, layer by layer. In Section 18 , we were introduced to the foundation —a firm and immovable base established on the rock of Jesus Christ. Upon Him, our frame  is constructed, resting upon all that is true, lasting, and eternal. Section 19  adds the roof , or covering—symbolically tied to Kippur  (covering or atonement). It revealed the infinite and eternal power of Jesus Christ’s Atonement , which shelters, redeems, and empowers all who come unto Him. Together, the foundation , the frame  (love of God and neighbor), and the roof  (the Atonement of Christ) form the heart and structure of the gospel . These elements are fixed , eternal , and unchanging —the same yesterday, today, and forever. With Sections 20-21 , we received something akin to the Church’s handbook of instruction —a spiritual blueprint filled with essential administrative guidance. If we continue the construction metaphor, this would be the plumbing, electrical work, drywall, paint, and fixtures . These components, while important, are subject to change  based on time, culture, revelation, and need. In Section 22 , the House becomes a Home as the family is established through the New and Everlasting Covenant . Sections 23-26  outline a Family Chore Chart, allocating different roles and responsibilities to various individuals.  Joseph takes on the role of a Patriarch, while Emma accepts her responsibilities as the Matriarch.   As we have seen through our study of these early revelations in the Doctrine and Covenants, the Lord is not only establishing the structure  of His Church but also inviting His people to learn the principles that govern it . He is teaching us how to distinguish between what is fixed and eternal —the foundation, frame, and covering of His gospel—and what is adaptable and fluid , such as administrative policies and practices. Principles In Action In Section 27, we begin to see the beauty of a true and living Church in action . Firmly established on an eternal and constant foundation, we observe how this home simultaneously harnesses growth and refinement through ongoing Revelation . This affords the family the fluidity it needs to adapt to the unique circumstances and challenges it encounters, representing the application of Church policy in practice.  In this Section, Joseph Smith learns that wine for the sacrament is not required , and the Lord offers new revelation adjusting the practice , which would eventually result in the substitution of water . This adaptability in sacramental administration and Church Policy is something that sets The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints  apart from other religious traditions—highlighting the need for both eternal truth  and present-day revelation . This distinction between doctrine and policy —between eternal laws  and what some have identified as “fence laws” —is critical. Eternal laws, like the law of love or the plan of salvation, are unchanging . Fence laws or “policies,” on the other hand, are rooted in true principles  and are designed to offer further protection and guidance. They are often identified as commandments, and they are linked with both temporal and spiritual blessings.  One might consider instructions such as the Word of Wisdom  and  For the Strength of Youth  to fall into this category .  These instructions have precedence in ancient practices, such as  Kosher  and   Purity Standards that existed in ancient Israel, which included the practice of Circumcision and Ritual Grooming Standards for both men and women.  These practices are  rooted in the covenantal framework , but their  application and emphasis have changed over time and circumstances. This is why Continuing Revelation is so vital, and a living prophet is so essential! Let’s consider these instructions in context with our Circle Diagram . Many policies and commandments  can fall into multiple areas  of the covenantal framework, depending on a person’s individual needs, experiences, circumstances, maturity, and perspective . Take the Word of Wisdom , for example. One person may see it as part of the Social or Obedience quadrant , viewing it as a law that requires sacrifice and lifestyle adjustments —perhaps affecting their relationships or social practices. Another may interpret it through the lens of the Intellectual or Physical quadrant , focusing on how it teaches principles of health, moderation, budgeting, fitness, and self-discipline . This fluidity of placement  highlights why a rigid, one-size-fits-all application of policies and checklists  may not always be effective— at least not on their own . People are different. They come from diverse backgrounds , cultures, and life experiences. They walk individual paths  and find themselves at different stages  in their spiritual journeys. In some situations, even well-intentioned policies  may inadvertently lead to stagnation, discouragement, resentment, or even harm . That is not the purpose  of God’s laws. His commandments are meant to guide us toward joy , not to trap us in rigidity or shame . Most of us have likely noticed that very few people fit neatly into boxes , and some may even feel suffocated or overwhelmed  by those boxes when misapplied. That is not what God wants for us. At the same time, many people thrive with structure . We love checklists because they are clear, efficient, and satisfying —they offer a sense of accomplishment and clarity in a world full of ambiguity. The truth is that we all exist on a  spectrum of complexity, diversity, and beauty . We each have different needs, interests, goals, and missions —both temporal and eternal . Policies, checklists, and standards serve important and inspired purposes: They bring structure and order —and God’s house is a house of order  (D&C 88:119). They act as safety rails , helping us stay on the covenant path. They enable us to administer, teach, and apply gospel principles  in a clear and consistent way. However, over-reliance on structure alone , especially when divorced from its divine intent , is precisely what led the Pharisees and Sadducees  into error. Their obsession with preserving tradition  caused them to lose sight of the Spirit of the Law , resulting in spiritual blindness . When their Messiah finally came —the very One whom the law was meant to point to—they missed Him entirely , caught up in the minutiae of rules and rituals. As Jesus taught, they “strained at a gnat and swallowed a camel”  (Matthew 23:24). The takeaway, then, is not to discard commandments or policies but to understand them in the context of the broader purpose of God’s plan . That is the very principle the Lord is teaching Joseph Smith in Doctrine and Covenants 27 : The spirit of the law must take precedence over its external forms. When we learn to recognize the divine purpose behind a policy and keep our eye single to His glory  (D&C 27:2), we become more spiritually agile—able to adapt with faith and wisdom  as the Lord continues to renovate and refine His house  through living prophets. Learning to chart this course with wisdom and discernment  begins with a careful examination of our own hearts. We must remain vigilant , ensuring that our motivations are not tainted by pride, personal agendas, or selfish ambition . These can be subtle spiritual pathogens —quiet, yet corrosive—capable of derailing our intentions, our stewardship, and even our discipleship. Humility is key. It's entirely possible to do the  right thing for the wrong reason  and, in some cases, even the  wrong thing for the right reason . That’s why the Lord doesn’t just look at actions—He weighs the intent of the heart . We live in a time where good is often called evil , and evil is paraded as good  (Isaiah 5:20). In such a world, discerning truth from error  can feel increasingly difficult. The lines between honesty and manipulation , between true light and counterfeit light , are often blurred. So how do we learn to discern the difference? How do we recognize the counterfeits when they look and sound so convincing? Recognizing Counterfeits: The Case of Hiram Page This is precisely the challenge that arose with Hiram Page . Now, we  mustn’t judge Hiram too harshly . The scriptural record is clear: Hiram was deceived by the adversary , but there’s no evidence that he was attempting to mislead others deliberately. M any—including Oliver Cowdery—believed his revelations were genuine . So how did Joseph Smith know that they were false?  Because they contradicted truths that had already been revealed . This moment in early Church history provides a profound lesson in discernment. Not all that appears spiritual  is divinely inspired. The adversary is a master at blending truth with error , just enough to confuse even the sincere. Knowing the real thing so intimately —the true voice and doctrine of the Lord—is the only way to confidently detect what is counterfeit. Recognizing Counterfeits: Understanding Deception and True Revelation The Adversary as a Master Counterfeit Satan is often referred to as "the great imitator"  because he takes true principles  and subtly twists them  to serve his own agenda. Elder James E. Faust explained in his talk, "The Great Imitator" , that Satan does not create new, overtly evil doctrines —instead, he mimics, distorts, and perverts  what God has already established. "Satan has had great success with deception. Although his eventual demise is certain, the warfare is prolonged. He has a great advantage because he deceives with a counterfeit of the truth. He has always pretended to be something that he is not. He has tried from the beginning of time to make the ugly appear beautiful, the wicked virtuous, and the foolish wise."  (James E. Faust, "The Great Imitator,"  October 1987). Hiram Page’s false revelations  are an example of this principle in action. He was using a seer stone , something Joseph Smith himself had used to receive revelation. The process looked similar, but the source was different . Instead of coming from God, these revelations were subtle deceptions  originating from Satan . This is how the adversary operates —he mimics divine methods to appear legitimate  while inserting just enough falsehood to lead people astray . How Do We Detect Counterfeits? Learning the Real from the False The best way to detect a counterfeit  is not to study all the possible forgeries , but to know the genuine article so well that any deviation becomes immediately apparent . This is the method used by experts in forgery detection , and it is the method Joseph Smith used when recognizing the false revelations of Hiram Page . Joseph had received authentic revelation from God , and he knew God’s voice and order . When Hiram Page’s revelations contradicted  what the Lord had previously revealed, Joseph recognized the errors . Elder Dieter F. Uchtdorf taught this same principle in his talk "A Matter of a Few Degrees" : "Suppose you were to get on a plane bound for a certain location. But the course of the plane was off by only a few degrees. The deviation may not seem like much at first, but over the course of time and distance, that small error would lead to a massive difference in your final destination. It could mean the difference between safely landing in your desired city or finding yourself hundreds of miles away in an unfamiliar land."  ( Dieter F. Uchtdorf, "A Matter of a Few Degrees," April 2008 ). This is exactly how Satan deceives . He rarely introduces outright falsehood  at the beginning. Instead, he makes slight deviations  that seem insignificant at first, but over time, they lead people far from the truth. Hiram Page’s revelations contained enough truth to seem believable , but they also introduced falsehoods  about Church governance and the location of Zion. Because Joseph knew the truth so well , he was able to identify the deception and correct it . Application:  If we want to detect deception in our own lives, we must become so familiar with true doctrine and the voice of the Spirit  that any deviation—no matter how slight—becomes immediately apparent . God is a God of Order: Revelation Through Proper Channels One of the clearest principles  the Lord teaches in D&C 28  is that He is a God of order . He does not contradict Himself , nor does He override  the lines of authority  He has established. In D&C 28:2 , the Lord clearly states: "No one shall be appointed to receive commandments and revelations in this church excepting my servant Joseph Smith, Jun., for he receiveth them even as Moses." This does not negate personal revelation —Oliver Cowdery still received revelation for his mission to the Lamanites  (D&C 28:8). However, his revelation did not override or contradict  Joseph Smith’s authority. This same principle applies in all areas of governance: Lines of Authority in Government The Prophet of the Church  does not dictate government policies , though he may give counsel  on moral issues. The leaders of nations  have the final say  in their civic governance, just as the Prophet has the final say in Church matters . (Article of Faith 12) Lines of Authority in the Church Bishops and stake presidents  receive revelation for their own jurisdictions but not for the entire Church . Elders quorum presidents receive inspiration for their quorum but do not override the bishop. A Relief Society president receives revelation for her stewardship, and her voice provides valuable and necessary perspective for the Ward. Still, like the Elder's quorum president, her revelation does not override the bishop . Lines of Authority in Families Parents receive revelation for their children  but not for another household . A father’s role as the priesthood leader of the home  does not replace the bishop’s role in the ward . Nor does a church leader's role replace divine revelation that the Lord gives to parents. A mother and father receive personal revelation  for their children and family; divine revelation harmonizes with gospel principles in word, example, and action. In all applications of divine stewardship, one must remember that we can not effectively teach the Lord's plan using the Adversary's tactics. Unrighteous Dominion of any form negates the rights and privileges of priesthood power, as stated in D&C 121:34-46 . Application:  If someone claims to have a revelation  or uses it in a way that contradicts the established order , it should be viewed with great caution . True revelation will always support, sustain, and align  with God’s appointed law and leaders. How Revelation is Shared Across Different Stewardships This principle does not mean that only Church leaders receive inspiration . God can inspire anyone  to bring about good innovations, inventions, and ideas  that bless the world. For example: The invention of the computer and the internet  was not received by a prophet , yet it has greatly benefited the Church  in sharing the gospel worldwide. Medical advancements, economic policies, and technological progress have come from inspired individuals , even when they were not members of the Church . The printing press  (which helped spread the Bible) and the radio and television  (which broadcast General Conference) were not divinely revealed to a prophet , yet they became essential tools for the Lord’s work. Application:  God’s pattern for revelation  is one of order, not restriction . He grants wisdom to individuals  in all aspects of life, but revelation for governance and doctrine  remains with His appointed servants . The Lord honors agency, stewardship, innovation, and divine order, and there is a place and need for everyone in His Eternal Plan. Revelation is given through a sacred and intentional pattern—not to confuse or restrict, but to empower.  This pattern is designed to provide us with the keys to His Kingdom  and to teach us how to exercise our agency wisely and purposefully , within the bounds He has lovingly provided. These boundaries are not limitations but guideposts —a part of the plan and the path  made possible through His infinite Atonement , enabling us to progress, grow, and ultimately achieve our divine potential .  And so, whatever circumstances we come across along our own personal journeys, when we come across a speedbump that might cause us to question the rules and their histories, it is okay to ask questions. But perhaps instead of asking,  “Why is this the rule?”  we can ask,  “What is (was) the principle behind this policy, and how can I approach and apply what I have learned with wisdom, purpose, and love?” D&C STUDY GUIDE Some Ways You Can Use This Study Guide Personal Study:  Read each verse (or group of verses) in D&C 10 , then refer to the chart’s central themes, description, and biblical/Hebrew/Greek insights. Copy and paste desired sections and links into your Scripture notes using your LDS Tools.  Add any additional insights and incorporate these into your personal collection, keeping the things you want to have easily accessible in one place. Teaching Settings:  Present each row as an opportunity for discussion points. Invite learners to visit CFMCorner.com so they can come to class prepared to share things they discovered while exploring the available resources and cross-references. Encourage them to share their insights.  As time permits, some Hebrew/Greek terms  are provided as cross-references to deepen understanding of linguistic or cultural context. However, this represents only a tiny sampling of what is available and waiting to be discovered.  Dive in and enjoy the available resources.   Doctrine and Covenants 27 Study Guide Chapter Overview Section 27 was given in August 1830  in Harmony, Pennsylvania. Joseph Smith, preparing for a sacrament meeting, went to purchase wine. On the way, he was met by a heavenly messenger who instructed him that it did not matter what was used in the sacrament as long as it was done with an eye single to God's glory. The revelation was expanded a month later, in September 1830, to include details about a future great sacrament meeting attended by Christ and many ancient prophets. It also introduced the doctrine of spiritual armor , urging the Saints to put on the "whole armor of God." Timeframe & Setting Date:  August 1830 (additional content revealed in September 1830). Location:  Harmony, Pennsylvania. Context:  Joseph Smith was preparing for a sacrament service and went to obtain wine. The Lord revealed that it did not matter what was used but that it should not be purchased from enemies. Key Circumstances Clarification on the Sacrament : The Lord revealed that wine was not necessary  for the sacrament; rather, the purpose was to remember Christ’s atonement. The Future Sacrament Meeting : The Lord foretold a great sacrament meeting at His Second Coming, attended by key figures of sacred history. Emphasis on Priesthood Keys : The revelation lists prominent figures holding priesthood keys who will participate in the future gathering. The Whole Armor of God : The Saints were instructed to put on spiritual protection  to withstand the adversary. Purpose of the Revelation To establish a principle of worthiness  for sacramental elements. To reveal future events  in which Christ and prophets would partake of the sacrament together. To instruct the Saints on spiritual warfare , equipping them with divine protection through the armor of God . Significance Expanded Understanding of the Sacrament : This revelation shifted focus from the elements themselves to the intent and worthiness of the ordinance . Foreshadowing the Second Coming : The gathering of ancient and modern prophets emphasizes the reality of Christ’s future reign . Spiritual Warfare : The imagery of the armor of God serves as a blueprint for daily spiritual protection . Main Topics and Themes from D&C 27 Major Topics & Themes Resources & Links Verse: 1-4 Theme : Sacramental Emblems Description: The Lord redefines the sacrament, teaching that it is not about what is eaten or drunk but about remembering Christ with an eye single to God's glory. He forbids using wine from enemies and sets the stage for the eventual transition to water. Hebrew/ Greek Insights: Quick and Powerful" (v. 1) Quick (ζάω zao ) – This Greek word means “alive” or “living”, not simply fast. In Hebrews 4:12 , the word of God is described as “quick and powerful”, meaning it is living, active, and dynamic. Powerful (ἐνεργής energēs ) – Related to "energy", this word means “effective, capable of producing results”. The Lord’s word has real power to change hearts and bring salvation. Eye Single to My Glory" (v. 2) Eye (ὀφθαλμός ophthalmos ) – Often symbolizes spiritual perception and focus ( Matthew 6:22 ). Single (ἁπλοῦς haplous ) – Means “undivided, pure, sincere”. It conveys wholehearted devotion to God. Glory (δόξα doxa ) – Often refers to divine radiance, spendor, and honor, but in Hebrew thought (כָּבוֹד kavod ), it carries the idea of weightiness , substance, measurement, and presence. See Attributes Wheel  from “May Christ Lift Thee Up”  New Wine" (v. 4) New (καινός kainos ) – Means fresh, renewed, or made different in quality. Wine (οἶνος oinos ) – When paired with “new”, it symbolizes something spiritually fresh, untainted, and divinely prepared. Symbolism: Just as the Lord would provide new wine, He was also bringing forth a new dispensation with restored truth.  Mat 9:17 , Mar 2:22 , Luk 5:37 -38 Reflections: Why is it important to focus on the purpose of the sacrament rather than the elements used? What does it mean to partake of the sacrament with "an eye single to God’s glory"? How can we avoid becoming spiritually reliant on "enemies" in today’s world? What is the significance of the Lord speaking of "new wine" in the context of the sacrament? How does this passage expand our understanding of the sacrament beyond just a weekly ritual? The Rise of the Church of Christ The Lord's Supper in Early Mormonism Sacramental Connections: Deliverance, Redemption, and Safety (D&C 27) Matthew 26:26-29  – The Last Supper;  Moroni 4-5  – Sacramental prayers;  3 Nephi 18:1-11  – Christ administers the sacrament. Matthew 6:22  – The eye being single  as a metaphor for spiritual clarity . Isaiah 55:1-2  – An invitation to drink freely of what God provides, rather than relying on the world . “ Sacrament Meeting and the Sacrament "  – Elder Dallin H. Oaks (2008) Teaches that the sacrament is the most sacred and important meeting in the Church . Emphasizes that the elements are not the focus, but our spiritual preparation is . " Always Remember Him "  – Elder Gerrit W. Gong (2016) Discusses how the sacrament renews all covenants , not just baptism. Calls us to partake of the sacrament with greater intent and reflection . " The Living Christ: The Testimony of the Apostles "  (2000) Declares that Jesus Christ will again partake of the sacrament when He returns . " Always Retain a Remission of Your Sins "  – Elder David A. Bednar (2016) Encourages us to focus on what we are becoming through the sacrament  rather than just viewing it as a ritual. Where did Moroni Get the Sacramental Prayers from? Verse: 5–14 Theme : Future Sacrament Meeting with Christ Description : Christ will partake of the sacrament again with great prophets  from all dispensations. He will drink the fruit of the vine  with Moroni, Elias, John the Baptist, Elijah, and the patriarchs (Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob). This points to the Millennial Kingdom . Each figure mentioned played a key role in preparing the world for the Restoration  (vv. 6–8). Moroni : Brought forth the Book of Mormon , which contains the "fulness of the everlasting gospel" and holds the keys of the record of the stick of Ephraim  ( Ezekiel 37:15-17 ). Elias (Gabriel, Noah) : Holds keys to restore all things  in preparation for the Second Coming.  John the Baptist : Restored the Aaronic Priesthood  and its ordinances of repentance and baptism  ( D&C 13 ). Elijah : Holds the keys of sealing and turning hearts , preventing the world from being "smitten with a curse" ( Malachi 4:5-6 ). Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob : The covenantal patriarchs , through whom the blessings of the priesthood  were extended to all nations. Hebrew/ Greek Insights : "Fruit of the Vine" (v. 5) Fruit (καρπός karpos )  – Means "produce, result, or outcome" . Christ refers to the final gathering of the righteous  as a "fruit" of His work. Vine (ἄμπελος ampelos )  – Symbolizes Christ Himself  ( John 15:1-5 : "I am the True Vine"). The "fruit of the vine" is both the literal wine  of the sacrament and the spiritual harvest  at His coming. Reflection : What does it mean for Christ to partake of the fruit of the vine   with us in the future ? "The Keys of the Record of the Stick of Ephraim" (v. 5) Stick (מַטֶּה matteh ) – Can mean staff, rod, or scepter, symbolizing authority. Record (סֵפֶר sepher ) – Refers to a written book, scroll, or decree. Ephraim – Represents the northern kingdom of Israel, prophetically tied to the gathering of scattered Israel. Reflection: How does the Book of Mormon serve as the record of Ephraim, bringing about the gathering of Israel? Luke 22:18  – Christ’s promise to drink anew in His kingdom  Isaiah 25:6  – The Lord’s feast in the last days How Will God Manifest the Truth of the Book of Mormon? What Was Mormon’s Purpose in Writing the Book of Mormon? Why Is There a Need for the Testimony of Two Nations? Why Did Moroni Deliver the Plates on September 22? (Testimony of the Prophet Joseph Smith) How Can We Receive the Blessings of the Abrahamic Covenant? What Wilt Thou Ask Pomegranate Promises Hearts of the Children Segment 2: The Keys of the Kingdom (vv. 9–14) Themes: New Jerusalem Description: The Lord states that the precise location of Zion has not yet been revealed (v. 9). Zion will be established “on the borders by the Lamanites”, foreshadowing Independence, Missouri as later revealed in D&C 57 . Joseph Smith is to preside over the upcoming conference (v. 10), reinforcing proper priesthood order. Hiram Page’s false revelations are rejected (v. 11). Oliver Cowdery is instructed to correct Hiram privately, showing proper order in Church correction. The Lord emphasizes that nothing will be revealed contrary to the Church covenants (v. 12), ensuring unity and doctrinal purity. Church governance is reaffirmed through common consent and prayer (v. 13), establishing order in receiving revelation. All these things must be settled before Oliver embarks on his mission to the Lamanites (v. 14). Hebrew/Greek Insights: "Keys of My Kingdom" (v. 13) Keys (מַפְתֵּחַ mafteah , κλείς  kleís ) – Literally means "a tool that opens." In biblical usage, it signifies access, power, and divine authority. Kingdom (βασιλεία basileia ) – Often used to refer to God’s rule and reign on Earth. Reflection: What does it mean that Christ has given "keys" to individuals to act in His name? How do priesthood keys function in modern Church leadership? "By Common Consent" (v. 13) Common (κοινός koinos ) – Refers to something shared, collective, or agreed upon. Consent (συμφωνία symphōnia ) – Means "harmony, agreement, or unity." Reflection:  How does sustaining Church leaders through common consent ensure that decisions align with divine will? Why does Christ emphasize a future sacrament gathering? How does it connect to His return? How can I prepare spiritually to be part of the great sacramental gathering with Christ? What is the significance of Moroni, Noah, John the Baptist, Elijah, and the patriarchs participating in this future event? How do priesthood keys function to ensure that God's work is done in order? What does it mean that we are led by priesthood keys today? How can we avoid deception, like the case of Hiram Page’s false revelations? Why does the Lord emphasize "common consent" in receiving revelation for the Church? Matthew 26:29  – Christ declares He will drink the fruit of the vine again in His kingdom. Ezekiel 37:15-17  – The stick of Ephraim (Book of Mormon) and the stick of Judah (Bible) will be joined together. Malachi 4:5-6  – Elijah will turn the hearts of the fathers to the children. D&C 110:11-16  – Fulfillment of Elijah’s return and the restoration of priesthood keys. D&C 57:1-3   – Zion’s location revealed as Independence, Missouri. " The Keys and Authority of the Priesthood " – Elder Dallin H. Oaks (April 2014) Discusses the role of priesthood keys and their divine appointment. Verse:15–18 Theme: The Whole Armor of God Description: In these verses, the Lord instructs believers to "put on the whole armor of God"  to withstand evil. This metaphorical armor comprises various elements, each symbolizing spiritual virtues essential for protection against adversarial forces. Understanding the original Hebrew and Greek terms for these pieces enhances our comprehension of their symbolic significance. Furthermore, parallels can be drawn between this spiritual armor and the sacred garments worn by ancient Israelite priests during temple worship, as well as the regalia used in royal coronations. Hebrew/ Greek Insights: "Whole Armor" (v. 15) Greek : "πανοπλία" ( panoplia )  – Refers to the full armor of a heavily armed soldier, encompassing all defensive and offensive equipment. Hebrew : "שִׁרְיוֹן" ( shiryon )  – Means armor or coat of mail, signifying protection and strength. ​ 2. "Loins Girt about with Truth" (v. 17) Greek : "περιζωσάμενοι" ( perizōsamenoi )  – Means to gird or encircle, indicating preparation and readiness.​ (Sept. for חָגַר ( ḥāḡar )  and אָזַר ( ' āzar )) Hebrew : "אֱמֶת" ( emet )  – Translates to truth, conveying firmness, reliability, and faithfulness.​ ( ἀληθείᾳ  alētheia) 3. "Breastplate of Righteousness" (v. 17) Greek : "θώρακα" ( thōraka )  – Refers to a breastplate or cuirass, protecting the chest.​ (חֹשֶׁן  ḥōšen ) Hebrew : "צְדָקָה" ( tzedaqah )  – Means righteousness or justice, often associated with moral conduct and charity.​ ( δικαιοσύνης   dikaiosynē ) 4. "Feet Shod with the Preparation of the Gospel of Peace" (v. 17) Greek : "ὑποδησάμενοι" ( hupodasamenoi )  – Means to bind under, referring to putting on sandals or shoes.​ Hebrew : "שָׁלוֹם" ( shalom )  – Translates to peace, encompassing completeness, welfare, and harmony.​ ( εἰρήνης  eirēnēs) 5. "Shield of Faith" (v. 17) Greek : "θυρεὸν" ( thureon )  – Denotes a large, door-shaped shield used by soldiers.​ ( צִנָּה  ( tsinnah )) Hebrew : "אֱמוּנָה" ( emunah )  – Means faith or faithfulness, implying steadfastness and trust.​ 6. "Helmet of Salvation" (v. 17) Greek : "περικεφαλαίαν" ( perikephalaian )  – Refers to a helmet protecting the head.​ ( כּוֹבַע   kôwbaʻ ) Hebrew : "יְשׁוּעָה" ( yeshu'ah )  – Translates to salvation or deliverance.​ (the Hebrew name for Jesus).  7. "Sword of the Spirit" (v. 17) Greek : "μάχαιραν" ( machairan )  – Refers to a short sword or dagger used in close combat.​ Hebrew : "חֶרֶב" ( cherev )  – Means sword, often symbolizing divine intervention or judgment. ( Genesis 3:24  – flaming sword guarding Eden, “Iron Rod - Word of God” “Two/ Double-Edged Sword”  Symbolic Significance and Parallels to Priestly Garments The components of the "armor of God" bear striking resemblances to the sacred vestments worn by ancient Israelite priests ( Exodus 28 ):​ Girdle/Belt : Priests wore a sash or girdle (Hebrew: "אַבְנֵט" ( avnet ) ) around their waists, symbolizing readiness and service.​ The act of girding the priest with the avnet was part of the ordination ceremony , symbolizing that he was being set apart and bound  to a sacred duty (Exodus 29:9). It visually represented the priest’s devotion, loyalty, and submission  to God’s commandments. Breastplate : The High Priest donned the "חֹשֶׁן" ( hoshen ) , a breastplate bearing twelve stones representing the tribes of Israel, signifying carrying the people before God. Ephod:  Mantle, sleeveless apron-like outer garment worn over the tunic and robe, held the Breastplate, Urim, and Thummim. The ephod visually displayed the High Priest’s intercessory role . Just as he physically carried the names of Israel, Christ spiritually carries us , interceding on our behalf. The attachment of the breastplate  (housing the Urim and Thummim ) to the ephod connects divine judgment, guidance, and mercy  with the priest’s office . Footwear : While specific footwear isn't detailed for priests, their movement within the holy space required sanctity, paralleling preparation and readiness to spread the gospel.​ Robe: Coat/ Cloak: מְעִיל   mᵉʻîyl , and כְּתֹנֶת  kᵉthôneth  under and over garments worn by priests and women of the covenant. (Joseph’s Multicolored Coat, the reason his brothers were so angry as it was a token of the Birthright) Helmet : The High Priest's mitre/ turban (Hebrew: "מִצְנֶפֶת" ( mitznefet ). Reflections: How does each piece of armor and clothing relate to our daily spiritual battles? Reflect on how each piece of applies to a challenge you are currently facing. How does temple clothing prepare us, like armor, for spiritual service? What does it mean to "gird up your loins with truth" in today’s world? How does the imagery of armor reflect our divine identity as kings and priests unto God? Consider the meaning of sacred clothing  and its role in temple worship and divine protection . How does wearing sacred garments relate to the idea of being spiritually clothed for protection? Ephesians 6:11-17  – Paul’s armor of God passage;  2 Nephi 1:23  – Gird up your loins;  1 Thessalonians 5:8  – Faith and love as a breastplate. “ Put on the Whole Armour of God ” – Pres. Tanner (April 1979) Discusses Scriptural Examples of those who Put on the Armour of Righteousness. “ Put Ye On the Lord Jesus Christ ” – Sister Anette Dennis (April 2024  Describes the symbolic nature of priesthood clothing, coats of skins representing the Kaphar “cover “of Jesus Christ’s Atonement.   " Spiritual Preparedness: Start Early and Be Steady "  – Elder Henry B. Eyring (October 2005) Encourages members to "gird up their loins"  and prepare spiritually for challenges. " Put on Thy Strength, O Zion "  – Elder Bednar (October 2020) Calls on members to clothe themselves with spiritual power  and the blessings of the temple. What Does the Book of Mormon Say about the Armor of God? What are the “Fiery Darts of the Adversary” Spoken of by Nephi? Turning Additional Insights: Parable of New Wine and Old Wineskins ​In the New Testament, Jesus shares the Parable of the New Wine and Old Wineskins to illustrate the incompatibility of His new teachings with old traditions. This parable is recorded in three Gospels:​ Matthew 9:17 : "Neither do people pour new wine into old wineskins. If they do, the skins will burst; the wine will run out and the wineskins will be ruined. No, they pour new wine into new wineskins, and both are preserved." Mark 2:22 : "And no one pours new wine into old wineskins. Otherwise, the wine will burst the skins, and both the wine and the wineskins will be ruined. No, they pour new wine into new wineskins." Luke 5:37-39 : "And no one pours new wine into old wineskins. Otherwise, the new wine will burst the skins; the wine will run out and the wineskins will be ruined. No, new wine must be poured into new wineskins." Explanation of the Parable : In ancient times, wine was stored in animal skins. New wine, still fermenting, would expand, stretching the wineskin. An old wineskin, already stretched and brittle, couldn't handle this expansion and would burst, causing the loss of both the wine and the skin. Therefore, new wine was placed into new, flexible wineskins to accommodate the fermentation process. Jesus used this analogy to convey that His teachings—the "new wine"—couldn't be confined within the old frameworks of traditional Jewish practices—the "old wineskins." Attempting to do so would be destructive to both. Instead, a new structure—a "new wineskin"—was necessary to contain and preserve the essence of His message.​ Relevance to Doctrine and Covenants 27:1-4 In Doctrine and Covenants 27:1-4, the Lord emphasizes that the substance used in the sacrament is less important than the intent behind it: "it mattereth not what ye shall eat or what ye shall drink when ye partake of the sacrament." This instruction signifies a departure from traditional practices, focusing on the spiritual significance rather than the physical elements. ​ This shift mirrors the message of the parable: embracing new revelations and practices that align with the evolving spiritual understanding of the Church. Just as new wine requires new wineskins, the restored gospel introduced practices that differed from established traditions, necessitating a fresh perspective and approach.​ Therefore, both the parable and this passage in the Doctrine and Covenants highlight the importance of adaptability and receptiveness to new spiritual insights, ensuring that the essence of divine teachings is preserved and honored. Clothed for Glory: Parallels Between the Armor of God, Priestly Garments, and Royal Coronation In Ephesians 6:11–17 , Paul describes the spiritual preparation necessary for disciples of Christ to withstand the forces of evil—what he calls the " whole armor of God ." Each element symbolizes a spiritual attribute  or divine protection  that guards the believer in the daily battle between truth and deception, light and darkness. This armor is not simply Roman military metaphor; it has deep theological roots in the priestly vestments of ancient Israel  (Exodus 28) and is reflected in the regalia used during royal coronations . These parallels remind us that we are not just soldiers in God’s army—we are also priests and kings  (Revelation 1:6), clothed for holiness, authority, and divine purpose . Comparative Chart: Armor of God | Priestly Garments | Royal Regalia Armor of God  (Ephesians 6) Priestly Garments  (Exodus 28) Royal Coronation Regalia Symbolic Meaning Belt of Truth Avnet  (אַבְנֵט) – Sash/Girdle Sash/Stole Readiness to serve, bound to duty; symbolizes loyalty, truth, and consecration . Breastplate of Righteousness Hoshen  (Breastplate of Judgment) Robe of State Righteous judgment; bearing Israel before God ; Christ as the intercessor. Feet Shod with the Gospel of Peace Priests served barefoot (Ex. 3:5) Royal Sandals/Slippers Holy ground; readiness, peace, and sacred movement ; spreading the gospel. Shield of Faith Urim and Thummim  (placed in breastplate) Royal Crest or Emblem of Authority Divine revelation and guidance; faith as protective trust . Helmet of Salvation Mitznefet  (מִצְנֶפֶת) – Priestly Turban Crown Consecration of thought , bearing “Holiness to the Lord”; protection of the mind. Sword of the Spirit (Word of God) Ketoret (Incense)  or the Cherev (sword)  in prophetic visions Royal Scepter or Sword Divine judgment, prayer, and the word as power and weapon . Hebrew & Greek Word Study Summary (D&C 27:15–18) Armor Element Greek (NT) Hebrew (OT/Conceptual Equivalent) Meaning Whole Armor πανοπλία  Panoplia Shiryon  (שִׁרְיוֹן) Complete divine protection Belt of Truth Perizōnnumi   (περιζωσάμενοι) Emet  (אֱמֶת, Truth), ḥāgar  (חָגַר) Girding for action, sincerity Breastplate of Righteousness Thōrax  (θώρακα) Tzedaqah  (צְדָקָה, righteousness) Moral justice, covenant integrity Feet with Gospel of Peace Hupodasamenoi  (ὑποδησάμενοι) Shalom  (שָׁלוֹם) Peace, completeness, preparation Shield of Faith Thureon  (θυρεὸν) Tzinah  (צִנָּה), Emunah  (אֱמוּנָה) Steadfast trust and defense Helmet of Salvation Perikephalaia  (περικεφαλαίαν) Yeshu’ah  (יְשׁוּעָה, also “Jesus”) Deliverance, mental fortitude Sword of the Spirit Machaira  (μάχαιρα) Cherev  (חֶרֶב) Word of God, Iron Rod, discernment, justice Symbolic Significance in Temple and Coronation Contexts Priestly Garments : Worn by Aaron and his sons to mediate between God and Israel , the garments reflected consecration, holiness, and covenantal authority . Temple Garments Today : Continue this pattern—clothing that sets us apart , covers us in Christ, and prepares us for eternal service. Royal Regalia : In coronations, kings and queens are anointed , clothed in robes, crowned, and handed a scepter—echoing priestly and divine symbolism , often paralleling Israelite traditions (e.g., David, Solomon, and coronation rites of Queen Elizabeth II). Reflections and Application Which piece of spiritual armor do you feel most in need of today? Why? How does the imagery of armor and clothing deepen your appreciation for temple ordinances? How can sacred clothing or covenants provide spiritual protection in your life? What does it mean in your life to be "girded with truth" or to "carry the sword of the Spirit"? How does seeing yourself as a spiritual warrior, priest, and royal heir to God change how you approach your discipleship? Cross-References & Supporting Scripture Ephesians 6:11–17  – Paul’s description of the armor of God Isaiah 61:10  – "He hath clothed me with the garments of salvation..." Exodus 28  – Description of High Priest’s vestments Zechariah 3:3–5  – Joshua the High Priest receives new garments Revelation 19:11–16  – Christ appears in divine armor, wielding a sword D&C 27:15–18  – Restoration context of the armor of God D&C 109:76; D&C 138:14–15  – Saints clothed in robes of righteousness 2 Timothy 4:8  – "Crown of righteousness" as reward Revelation 1:6  – Saints made "kings and priests unto God" For Those Interested in a Deep Dive In the podcast The Ancient Tradition , episodes 6 through 9 explore the coronation process  in remarkable detail, using the coronation of King Charles III  as a modern example. What makes this series particularly compelling is its connection to ancient temple practices , tracing many elements of royal coronation ceremonies back to deeply rooted biblical and ritual traditions . The host, Jack Logan , presents under a pseudonym , and her personal religious or academic background is not publicly disclosed. However, the content is thoroughly researched , and she consistently provides well-documented sources  to support her insights. Despite the anonymity, the podcast offers excellent and thought-provoking material , especially for those interested in the intersections of temple worship, kingship, and covenant theology . Coronation Ceremony of Queen Elizabeth Coronation of King Charles Continue to Part 2 (will link when complete)

CFM : March 17–23 D&C 22–26 Part 1 Continuing Resources and Insights for this Week's Lesson:   There is so much to unpack in this lesson, and not nearly enough time—especially as I am also trying to prepare another lesson for tomorrow! Thank you for your patience, as it took me longer than I had anticipated to complete this section. Despite setbacks from a computer crash to work travel, I knew I had to finish this summary because it is so imperative and essential for both women and men to really understand . For many years, I am embarrassed to say that I seriously misunderstood this revelation to Emma Smith. I had no idea what it actually contained; I did not recognize the magnitude of power and the incredible blessings promised to Emma and all virtuous women and families of faith. For years, I interpreted this section as a bit dismissive, a type of consolation—like "Oh, sorry Emma, here's a nice little project to pacify you and keep you distracted while all of the brethren do the "real work"... I remember feeling very frustrated as a woman in the Church because there were so many times that I felt like a second-class citizen. I vividly remember taking these feelings and frustrations to the temple, praying for clarification and validation. While on my way to an initiatory, I heard a voice say, " Don't let others tell you how I feel about my daughters; if you want to know, come to me directly ." So, that is my advice for this section. Take the time to really dive into these word studies and cross-references. Prayerfully study these passages and take them to the Lord; if you do, I promise your life and outlook will profoundly change for the better! D&C STUDY GUIDE Some Ways You Can Use This Study Guide Personal Study:  Read each verse (or group of verses, then refer to the chart’s central themes, description, and biblical/Hebrew/Greek insights. Copy and paste desired sections and links into your Scripture notes using your LDS Tools.  Add any additional insights and incorporate these into your personal collection, keeping the things you want to have easily accessible in one place. Teaching Settings:  Present each row as an opportunity for discussion points. Invite learners to visit CFMCorner.com so they can come to class prepared to share things they discovered while exploring the available resources and cross-references. Encourage them to share their insights.  As time permits, some Hebrew/Greek terms  are provided as cross-references to deepen understanding of linguistic or cultural context. However, this represents only a tiny sampling of what is available and waiting to be discovered.  Dive in and enjoy the available resources.   Doctrine and Covenants 25 1. OVERVIEW Doctrine and Covenants 25 is a revelation directed to Emma Hale Smith, the Prophet Joseph’s wife. Coming just a few months after the organization of the Church, the revelation clarifies her unique responsibilities: to comfort her husband, be a scribe when needed, select hymns for the Church, and “expound scriptures.” Although addressed to Emma personally, verse 16 states: “This is my voice unto all.” The chapter underscores themes of the Lord’s awareness of individual gifts and circumstances, the centrality of music in worship, and the dignity of women’s roles. 2. TIMEFRAME & SETTING Date : July 1830 Location : Harmony, Pennsylvania Context : The Church was about three months old. Joseph and Emma had recently faced trials, including loss of their first child and ongoing persecution. Emma had already served as a scribe for parts of the Book of Mormon translation and continued to support Joseph’s work amidst personal and financial challenges. 3. KEY CIRCUMSTANCES Tension & Persecution : Lawsuits and hostility surrounded the young Church. Joseph and Emma experienced personal and legal pressures. Need for Organized Worship : Members needed a standard collection of hymns and guidance on how to worship together in unity. Emma’s Grief & Faith : Having lost a child, Emma was in a poignant period of sorrow and transition, yet she remained supportive and faithful. Women’s Role : While not an exhaustive statement on women’s roles, D&C 25 highlights the scriptural basis for women’s participation in teaching, music, and supportive Church labors. 4. PURPOSE OF THE REVELATION Personal Encouragement : Emma is reassured that she is an “elect lady” with an essential part in the Restoration. Call to Specific Duties : She is to compile hymns, serve as a scribe, expound scripture, and exhort. Instructions to Resist Worldliness : Reminded to set aside “things of the world” and seek spiritual treasures. Highlight the Power of Sacred Music : The Lord explicitly underscores how hymns can bring joy and “the spirit of meekness,” impacting the entire Church. 5. SIGNIFICANCE Model for Personalized Revelation : Though addressed to Emma, it ends with “This is my voice unto all,” making many of its instructions widely applicable to men and women. God’s Regard for Women : D&C 25 is one of the earliest revelations showcasing the Lord’s esteem for women’s gifts (spiritual discernment, teaching, music). Hymns & Worship : Emma’s future compilation of hymns shaped the musical heritage of the Church, uniting saints through sacred song. Meekness & Rejoicing : The Lord repeatedly counsels her to be meek, to “delight in her husband,” and to lay aside worldly fears. These principles are relevant for personal peace in all relationships. Major Topics & Themes Resources & Links Verse : 1–2 Theme : “Daughter of God” and “Walk in the Paths of Virtue” Description : The Lord affirms Emma Smith’s identity as His daughter, promising protection and a future inheritance if she remains virtuous and faithful. Although addressed to Emma, these verses invite every disciple to remember that receiving the gospel confers true sonship or daughtership in God’s family—and, with it, the responsibility and blessing of walking uprightly. That divine relationship is meant to guide us all on the covenant path leading to our inheritance in Zion. Hebrew/ Greek Insights : “Hearken” English : “to listen attentively,” “to hear and obey.” Hebrew : שָׁמַע ( šāma ʿ ), meaning “to hear [intelligently],” with the implication of obedience (see Deuteronomy 6:4 , “Hear, O Israel…”). Greek (NT) : ἀκούω ( akouō ), “to hear, listen,” often in contexts urging acceptance and action based on what is heard. “Sons and Daughters in my Kingdom” Hebrew : The concept of being a child of God is expressed in the Old Testament as Israel being God’s covenant children  ( Deuteronomy 14 ). Greek (NT) : τέκνον ( t eknon ), “child,” emphasizing relationship rather than a mere subject under a king. ( John 1:12 —those who receive Christ become the children of God.) “Walk in the paths of virtue” English : “virtue” connotes moral excellence, purity, upright conduct. Hebrew : טוֹב ( ṭōv ) is “good,” but “virtue” might be expressed with phrases denoting moral goodness or purity. Another concept is יָשָׁר ( yāšār , “upright”). However, In Proverbs the term חַיִל ( ḥayil ) is specifically used for a virtuous woman , although this term is most typically interpreted as a “ valiant soldier of mighty strength and ability,” a ”great force” this term is used in Chapters   12  and 31 , where a virtuous woman is likened to a crown, and she is valued beyond rubies. Greek (NT) : ἀρετή ( aretē ), meaning “moral excellence,” a positive attribute of character ( 2 Peter 1:5 ). “Inheritance in Zion” Hebrew : נַחֲלָה ( naḥălāh ), “inheritance,” often used in OT for tribal allotments or personal lands. Symbolically, it denotes spiritual heritage. Context : In Restoration scripture, “Zion” is both a physical gathering place and a spiritual state of unity and holiness. Reflection: Identity as Sons/Daughters How does viewing yourself as God’s son or daughter deepen your commitment to “hearken” to His voice? In what ways do you see that identity shaping your daily decisions or sense of belonging? Paths of Virtue How doe the Hebrew concept of ḥayil   expand ones understanding of what it means to be a virtuous woman? Does this definition conform with traditional or modern definitions?  Consider areas in your life where “virtue” (moral excellence, valor) can be developed and strengthened. How does this concept go beyond quietly avoiding sin to actively and courageously cultivating Christlike attributes through harnessing our divine power as beloved Daughters of God and Mothers/ Warriors in Zion? Inheritance in Zion Zion can be both a place and a condition of the heart. What steps can you take to move towards a Zion-like unity in your family or faith community? Receiving God’s Will Emma is told, “A revelation I give unto you …” How open are you to personal revelation about your responsibilities or missions? Are you making space in prayer and scripture study for that guidance? Faithful Latter-day Saint Women  Pres. Hinkley Becoming Sons and Daughters Mosiah 5:7 : “Because of the covenant … ye shall be called the children of Christ.” 2 Corinthians 6:18 : “I will be a Father unto you, and ye shall be my sons and daughters.” 2 John 1:1  – “the elect   lady ”  D&C 38:2   – Christ knows each soul intimately Paths of Virtue / Faithful Living Proverbs 4:25–27 : Exhortation to keep one’s path straight, turn not to the right or left, remove feet from evil. D&C 121:45 : “Let virtue garnish thy thoughts unceasingly … the doctrine of the priesthood shall distil upon thy soul.” Inheritance in Zion D&C 57:1–2 : Land of Missouri designated as the land of Zion for inheritance. Hebrews 11:8–10 : Abraham looked for a city “whose builder and maker is God,” paralleling the concept of a covenant inheritance. Personal Revelation D&C 6:14–15 : The Lord knows hearts and gives specific counsel. James 1:5 : The principle of seeking God’s guidance individually. President Russell M. Nelson, “ Spiritual Treasures ” President Russell M. Nelson specifically urged women of the Church to deepen their understanding of the priesthood and encouraged them to study Doctrine and Covenants 25  (along with other scripture passages) to discover more about the power and blessings available through priesthood covenants. President Russell M. Nelson, “ A Plea to My Sisters ” A direct address championing women’s significant role in God’s plan, resonating with Emma’s calling and divine identity. Alan T. Phillips, “ God Knows and Loves You ”   Discusses the significance of being sons and daughters of God and fulfilling divine promises. Carole M Stephens, “ Do We Know What We Have? ”   Encourages women (and all members) to understand their identity and role in God’s kingdom—a parallel to Emma’s calling. Russell M. Nelson, “ Opening the Heavens for Help ”   A testimony of personal revelation: the Lord stands ready to guide each of us, akin to how Emma received direct counsel. M. Russell Ballard, “ Men and Women in the Work of the Lord ”   Addresses covenant partnership, how both sons and daughters in God’s kingdom can serve and build up Zion. Verse:  3 Theme:  Election, Our Sacred Privilege and Roles to Support & Comfort Spouses and Others Description: Emma Smith is called an “elect lady” who has received forgiveness. Although directed specifically to her, the verse’s broader principle applies to every disciple: our standing as sons and daughters—and if we repent, the Lord extends mercy, enabling us to step into our divinely appointed roles. Emma’s example shows that receiving forgiveness readies us for a higher purpose, and each of us can similarly answer the call to serve, teach, and strengthen the church in our own stewardships. Emma is counseled to “comfort [Joseph],” acknowledging the difficulties he faces. Spousal support is portrayed as a divine commission.  This reminds us that emotional and spiritual support within marriage is a core principle in building God’s kingdom. Hebrew/ Greek Insights: “Elect” English : “Elect” = chosen or specially selected. Greek : ἐκλεκτός ( eklektos ), “picked out, chosen, chosen by God to obtain salvation through Christ.” Appears in passages like 1 Peter 2:9  (“a chosen generation”). Hebrew : בָּחַר ( bāḥar ), “to choose, to select.” Often denotes those whom the Lord selects for a divine role or purpose ( Isaiah 42:1 ). “Lady” English : “Lady” can imply dignity, courtesy, or recognized position. Greek (NT) : In 2 John 1:1, we read about “the elect lady” (ἐκλεκτῇ κυρίᾳ, eklektē kyria ). This phrase parallels the concept of a revered or spiritually noble woman. Context : The phrase “elect lady” might also connect to esteemed spiritual status among the earliest Christian women or the Church as a collective bride of Christ. “Sins are forgiven thee” Hebrew : Common biblical phrase for forgiveness includes the root נָשָׂא ( nāśā ʾ ,“to lift/carry away [sins] indicative of a journey  or process,” e.g., Psalm 32:1 ), סָלַח ( sālaḥ  “to pardon,” e.g., 2 Chronicles 7:14), כָּפַר kāp̄ar “atone, cleanse, purge” e.g. Exodus 29-30, Lev 16 “ Yom Kippur ” Greek : ἀφίημι ( aphiēmi ), “to send away, forgive, pardon, let go.” Application : Indicates a renewal of covenant standing, free from past transgression. Reflection: Personal Application of “Elect” Although Emma’s calling was unique, how might you view yourself as “elect” in your discipleship? Which God-given missions or talents affirm that sense of calling and purpose? Forgiveness and New Beginnings The Lord tells Emma her sins are forgiven. How do experiences with God’s forgiveness deepen your sense of worth and readiness for new responsibilities? Role of Women “Elect lady” highlights Emma’s leadership in the Church’s early development. How do you see women’s roles expand today, consistent with that pattern of being called and chosen? Foreordination and Agency Emma was “called,” but she still had to choose faithfulness. In what areas might you need to exercise your agency more deliberately to fulfill your calling? In what ways can you support your spouse to fulfil theirs, and vica versa? Love, unity, and fidelity in marriage D&C 42:22:  Stresses the importance of cleaving unto and actively loving our spouse. Rejoicing in others’ faith and triumphs Alma 27:17 : Ammon expresses sincere and overwhelming joy when hearing aout the success of his fellow companions. Elect Lady 2 John 1:1 : The apostle John addresses the letter “unto the elect lady and her children.” Some interpret it literally as a faithful woman; others see the Church itself symbolically. Doctrine & Covenants 25 (whole) : Emma’s roles—compiling hymns, supporting Joseph, being a teacher—flow from her calling as an “elect lady.” Divine Forgiveness Mosiah 26:29–30 : The Lord affirms His readiness to forgive those who repent. (Forgiveness and Healthy boundaries: “ Forgivness doesn’t mean putting up with getting hurt ”, “The Ministry of Reconcilliation”  Elder Holland D&C 58:42 : “He who has repented of his sins, the same is forgiven, and I remember them no more.” Being Called Abraham 3:22–23 : Illustrates foreordination: certain spirits “were chosen before they were born.” D&C 121:34–35 : Many are “called,” but they can fail if their hearts set on worldly things. Sheri L. Dew, “ We Are Not Alone ”   Offers perspective on womanhood and personal worth, connecting well with the concept of being “elect” before the Lord. Elder Russell M. Nelson, “ Nurturing Marriage ” Offers counsel on cultivating happier, eternal marriages. Elder Russell M. Nelson, “ We can Do better and Be Better ” Another way we can also do better and be better is how we honor the women in our lives, beginning with our wives and daughters, our mothers and sisters. Verse: 4 Theme:  “Murmur Not” Description: the Lord gently reminds Emma Smith not to murmur over withheld visions or knowledge, affirming that divine wisdom sometimes conceals certain things “for a time to come.”  In His infinite wisdom, he may withhold certain spiritual manifestations or knowledge for a certain purpose or until the proper season. This counsel resonates universally: rather than murmuring, each disciple must learn to trust God’s perfect timing, resting in the assurance that He reveals “line upon line” and meets us in our faithful acceptance of what we have already received. Hebrew/ Greek Insights: “Murmur” English : “to grumble, complain under breath, express dissatisfaction.” Hebrew : In the Old Testament, terms like לוּן ( lûn ) or רָגַן ( rāgan ) technically mean "to stop, stagnate, impede progress, and rebel" but they can also be translated as “murmur, grumble, complain & backbite.” The children of Israel often murmured against Moses (Exodus 15–17). Greek (NT) : γογγύζω ( gongyzō ), “to mutter in discontent.” ( John 6:41 , “the Jews then murmured at him.”) “Wisdom in me” Hebrew : חָכְמָה ( ḥokmāh ), “wisdom, skill, sagacity.” Greek : σοφία ( sophia ), “wisdom,” divine or earthly. Context : Divine wisdom surpasses mortal comprehension, often necessitating patient trust. “In a time to come” Reminiscent of scriptural phrases that point to future revelation or fulfillment (e.g., “in the latter days,” “the fulness of times”). Hebrew : עֵת ( ʿēt ), “time, season.” מוֹעֵד ( môʿēḏ ) “appointed time/season” Greek : καιρός ( kairos , a spiritually appointed “season” or “proper time.” Reflection: Dealing with Unanswered Questions In what ways might you be “murmuring” about spiritual insights or blessings you haven’t received? How can trust in God’s timing alleviate frustration? Embracing Partial Knowledge The Lord often withholds certain experiences. How do you find peace in not knowing or not seeing everything now? Comparisons with Others Emma’s situation could have led to comparisons with Joseph’s remarkable visions. Do you ever compare your spiritual experiences to others, leading to murmuring or doubt? How can you counter that? Murmuring vs. Gratitude If murmuring is the expression of dissatisfaction, how can an attitude of gratitude help you accept the Lord’s pace and methods of revealing truth? Murmur Not 1 Nephi 3:6–7 , 17:13–22 : Contrasts Nephi’s faith with Laman and Lemuel’s murmuring. D&C 59:21 : Disobedience and murmuring show ingratitude to God. Divine Wisdom & Timing Isaiah 55:8–9 : “My thoughts are not your thoughts … my ways higher than your ways.” Mark 4:11 : Some things remain “mysteries” until the Lord chooses to reveal them. Unseen Yet Trust John 20:29 : “Blessed are they that have not seen, and yet have believed.” Ether 12:6 : “Ye receive no witness until after the trial of your faith.” Withheld Revelations D&C 76:114–115 : Some knowledge is withheld from the world in wisdom, for it cannot be revealed except to those prepared. Jeffrey R. Holland, “Lord, I Believe”   Encourages faith amid partial understanding—like a parent’s wise timing in teaching children. Dallin H. Oaks, “ Trust in the Lord ”   Advises patience in receiving God’s revelations and blessings. Neil L. Andersen, “ You Know Enough ”   Addresses how we may not have a perfect knowledge but do know enough to trust God and move forward. Dieter F. Uchtdorf, “ Be Not Afraid, Only Believe ”   Offers perspective on doubt, fear, and incomplete knowledge vs. faithful patience in God’s plan. Verse: 5 Theme:  Comforting Spouses and Others Description:    The Lord pinpoints Emma’s duty to be a source of comfort and solace to Joseph, delivered in meekness and loving words. This principle extends beyond Emma’s time: we too can become instruments of divine comfort in our marriages, families, and church communities. By embracing meekness and offering genuine, inspired encouragement, we mirror the Savior’s own compassionate ministry to those pressed by life’s burdens. Hebrew/ Greek Insights: “Office of Thy Calling” English : “Office” = a position or role of duty/responsibility. Hebrew : Could be implied via the concept of מִשְׁמֶרֶת ( mišmeret ), “charge, responsibility, service.” Greek : In NT contexts, διακονία ( diakonia ) can mean “service, ministry.” Context : The verse suggests a divinely assigned ministry for Emma—unique to her but instructive for how spouses can offer spiritual support. “Comfort … in his afflictions” Hebrew : נִחַם ( niḥam ), “to comfort, console,” used of God or people comforting those in sorrow ( Isaiah 40:1 ). Greek : παρακαλέω ( parakaleō ), “to call alongside, encourage, console.” Context : True comfort is an active, empathetic response to suffering, bringing emotional and spiritual uplift. “Consoling words … in the spirit of meekness” Meekness : Hebrew : עֲנָוָה ( ʿănāwāh ) “humility, gentleness,” or עָנָו ( ʿānāw ) for “meek.” Greek (NT) : πραΰτης ( praütēs ), “mildness of disposition, gentleness of spirit.” ( Galatians 5:23 ) Consoling words  suggests not just superficial comfort but speaking healing truths with empathy and understanding. Reflection: Spousal or Family Support How does this verse shape your view of a spouse’s (or family member’s) role in helping loved ones during hardships? In what ways can you “comfort … in affliction”? Speaking Consoling Words What do “consoling words” look like in practice? Reflect on times you offered or received heartfelt, Spirit-led counsel that strengthened someone in trial. Cultivating Meekness Why is meekness crucial for giving genuine comfort? How might pride or impatience undermine well-intentioned efforts to help others? Application to All Disciples Though directed to Emma, how can each disciple apply the principle of “comforting in meekness” within Church callings, friendships, or other relationships? Comfort & Support in Marriage Genesis 3:16 : *** Warning: Intentional Mistranslation! This is one of those plain and precious truths that have been deliberately corrupted. The word, bach בָּֽךְ, translated as “over thee” in the KJV should actually read “with thee.” The בּ Bet prefix  means “in,” “by,” or “with.” The ךְ kaph suffix means “you.”  NOT  “over you,” If this was meant to read “over thee,” it would have been written עָלַיִךְ (ălâyik). In context, one can see how this verse has been intentionally misrepresented to subjugate women (and others) for millenia.   The Lord even warns of this in verse 15, where he said the Adversary would intentionally target Eve and her seed (i.e. Jesus Christ and his followers).  As such, the Lord explains that Eve should tᵊšûqāṯēḵ תְּשׁ֣וּקָתֵ֔ךְ (translated as “desire”) “turn to” (from the root shuk) her husband for support and aid. Explaining that they should yimšāl  יִמְשָׁל “rule/reign”  together.   1 Corinthians 7:3–5 : Husbands and wives have mutual obligations of support and affection. Proverbs 31:10–31 : The virtuous woman does her husband good, not harm, strengthening him. Meekness in Serving Others D&C 121:41–42 : “No power or influence … only by persuasion, by long-suffering, by gentleness and meekness…” Ephesians 4:2 : Encourages believers to walk “with all lowliness and meekness, with longsuffering.” Bearing One Another’s Burdens Mosiah 18:8–9 : Covenant people are to “mourn with those that mourn; … comfort those that stand in need of comfort.” Romans 12:15 :  “Rejoice with them that do rejoice, and weep with them that weep.” Bonnie H. Cordon, “ That They May See ”  Emphasizes extending compassionate service, akin to providing comfort in meekness. Henry B. Eyring, “ Try, Try, Try ” Discusses how meekness and consistent effort bless others, especially in times of difficulty. L. Whitney Clayton, “ Marriage: Watch and Learn ” Addresses covenant marriage and supporting one another through Christlike attributes. Sister Sharon Eubank, “ By Union of Feeling We Obtain Power with God ”  Explores the idea of building unity and providing comfort among fellow Saints, especially in marriage and family contexts. Verse : 6-9 Theme : “Writing & Expounding,” “Ordination” Description :  Emma Smith’s call expands beyond personal support to Joseph: she is to be a scribe, a teacher, and a receiver of the Holy Ghost, with Joseph’s promise to support her spiritually and in the Church. Her example underscores that the Lord not only authorizes but also empowers women (and all disciples) for vital contributions, ensuring the gospel progresses through unified, Spirit-led effort. Scribe and Teacher Emma steps in as scribe when Oliver cannot, implying a trust in her ability to handle spiritual records and revelations. She also is called to “expound scriptures” and “exhort”—a unique directive at a time when women’s voices were often less recognized. Ordination Under Joseph’s Hand Verse 7 underscores Emma receiving an “ordination” to teach and exhort. In the Latter-day Saint context, this suggests a setting apart or authorization, though not an ordination to a priesthood office. She is thus divinely commissioned to share and clarify doctrine. Gift of the Holy Ghost Verse 8 states that Joseph shall lay hands upon her so she may receive the Holy Ghost, referencing the scriptural pattern of confirmation (Acts 8:17; Moroni 2:2). This moment highlights the essential partnership of the Holy Spirit for her writing, teaching, and growth. Joseph’s Responsibility to Support Emma is assured: “Thy husband shall support thee in the church.” This mutual support underscores the principle of collaborative ministry. Joseph’s calling is to reveal God’s will to the Church, but it also includes uplifting Emma (and others) in their callings. Hebrew/ Greek Insights: “Scribe”  (v. 6) English : “one who copies or writes down dictated or revealed words,” a recorder of sacred text. Hebrew (OT) : סוֹפֵר ( sōphēr ) = “scribe, writer.” Ancient scribes were learned in the law, copying and preserving scripture. This would include figures like Mormon and Moroni. Greek (NT) : γραμματεύς ( grammateus ), typically “scribe” or “clerk,” sometimes experts in Mosaic Law. “Ordained”  (v. 7) English : “to confer authority or set apart for a sacred duty.” Greek (NT) : χειροτονέω ( cheirotoneō ), “to appoint by the raising of hands” ( Acts 14:23 ). Also καθίστημι ( kathistēmi ), “to set in place, set apart” Context : For Emma, this is not a priesthood ordination in the sense of an office but a setting apart / blessing under Joseph’s authority to act in teaching and exhorting roles. “Exhort”  (v. 7) Greek : παρακαλέω ( parakaleō ), “to call near, encourage, comfort, urge.” Hebrew : A direct parallel is less common, but the concept includes a strong urging or calling to righteousness (e.g., Isaiah’s calls to repentance). “Receive the Holy Ghost”  (v. 8) English : typically references confirmation by laying on of hands. Greek (NT) : λαμβάνω ( l ambanō ) for “receive,” and πνεῦμα ἅγιον ( pneuma  hagion ) for “Holy Spirit.” ( Acts 8:17 ; John 20:22 ). “Support thee”  (v. 9) English : “to sustain, uphold, assist in responsibilities.” Hebrew : תָּמַךְ ( tāmaḵ ), “to hold, support, grasp.” e.g., Psalm 94:18  “Thy mercy held me up [supported me].” Reflection: Collaboration in Ministry Emma’s scribal role freed Oliver Cowdery to do other tasks. How do you see collaborative roles in the Church ensuring the work moves forward? Set Apart for Teaching In what ways can you, too, be “ordained” (or set apart) to expound and exhort—whether through formal calling or personal missionary work? Receiving the Holy Ghost Emma’s tasks—writing, learning, teaching—hinge on the Spirit’s guidance. How do you cultivate the Spirit in your responsibilities (family, Church, or professional endeavors)? Family & Church Support Verse 9 highlights Joseph’s responsibility to support Emma. Who supports you in your callings, and how can you reciprocate that support? Women in Scripture & Teaching Roles Acts 18:26 : Priscilla (with Aquila) expounded doctrine to Apollos, indicating women’s capacity to teach and lead in church settings. Romans 16:1–2 : Phoebe commended as a servant (διάκονος, diakonos ) who ministered to the Saints. Moroni 10:8–15 : Various gifts of the Spirit that worketh among the children of man  D&C 84:85 : Treasure up the words of life to be ready to teach. Ordaining / Setting Apart D&C 20:70 : Laying on of hands for confirmations and blessings. D&C 42:11 : Authorization from God is needed to preach or teach effectively. Holy Ghost & Inspiration Moroni 2:2–3 : Jesus gave the disciples power to confer the Holy Ghost. D&C 121:41–42 : Spiritual authority flows with persuasion, gentleness, meekness. Mutual Support in Marriage & Ministry Genesis 2:18 : “An help meet for him,” signifying complementary partnership.  עֵזֶר Ezer   כְּנֶגְדּוֹ Kenegdo  “a helper in parallel,” “a helper that is suitable.”  When we think of helper, often times we think of an assistant or someone that provides a service. Sadly society has misunderstood this as one who is subservient or “less than.”  However, this is NOT the intended meaning of Ezer. The word ezer is most frequently used in scripture is to describe God himself , and the divine help and succor he provides. It is frequently use in a militaristic context ,  describing the proverbial knight in shining armor or the critical reinforcements flying in on the wings of eagles. It is a verb of salvation, strength, and power. This is the term God used to describe Eve.   She was dispatched as Adam’s protector, his co-champion, to help Him do and accomplish what he could not on his own . ( Ezer Kenegdo ) 1 Corinthians 11:11 : “Neither is the man without the woman, neither the woman without the man, in the Lord.” President Hinkley, “ The Women of Our Lives ” “How thankful I am, how thankful we all must be, for the women in our lives.” Dallin H. Oaks, “ The Keys and Authority of the Priesthood ”   Clarifies how all members (men and women) share in priesthood power and responsibilities consistent with their callings. Bonnie H. Cordon, “ Becoming a Shepherd ”   Encourages sisters and brethren to minister effectively, like Emma’s charge to serve and teach. Russell M. Nelson, “ Spiritual Treasures ”   Invites women to embrace priesthood power in their callings—relates to Emma being “ordained” or set apart for roles in teaching, writing, and learning. Verse : 10 Theme : “Lay Aside the Things of This World,” “Seek for a Better,” Practical and Spiritual Reprioritizing” Description : The Lord instructs Emma to relinquish worldly diversions and aim for higher, more enduring goals. Setting the stage for the World to Come. This short but potent counsel resonates with all Saints today: to consciously discern which pursuits lead us nearer to Christ and which merely absorb our attention without eternal value. As we “lay aside” trivial or vain things, we create room for growth, service, and deeper alignment with God’s ultimate plan for our eternal welfare. Hebrew/ Greek Insights : “Lay Aside” English : “to put away, discard, remove from use.” Greek (NT) : ἀποτίθημι ( apotithēmi ), “to put off or lay aside,” used in contexts like Ephesians 4:22  (“put off … the old man”). “Things of this world” English : Often references material or temporal interests. Greek : In some New Testament contexts, κόσμος ( kosmos ) can denote the fallen “world system” or mortal concerns ( 1 John 2:15–17 ). Hebrew : The concept may parallel עוֹלָם ( ʿōlām , “the present age” vs. “eternal realm”), though direct phrase “things of the world” is somewhat modern. “Seek for the Things of a Better” Greek (NT) : ζητέω ( zēteō ) for “seek, desire earnestly.” The comparative “better” might align with κρείσσων ( kreissōn ) in passages like Hebrews 11:16  (“they desire a better country”). Context : “Better” underscores something superior or more enduring spiritually. Reflection: 1. How do you sift out unnecessary worldly Defining “Things of the World” What specific “things of this world” (habits, possessions, or pursuits) do you sense might be distracting you from higher spiritual objectives? Balancing Material and Spiritual How can you maintain needed temporal responsibilities while ensuring your heart is primarily set on “things of a better”? Practical Steps to “Lay Aside” Consider small or large changes (simplifying schedule, rethinking media use, changing spending habits). How can these realign you with eternal goals? Future-Focused Living Emma was told to “seek for the things of a better” so she could fulfill her calling. What callings in your life need more focus? Are you giving them priority? The Kingdom of God Matthew 6:33  – Seek first the kingdom of God Jacob 2:18–19  – Before seeking riches, seek the kingdom of God Forsaking Worldly Distractions Colossians 3:1–2 : “Seek those things which are above,” not earthly things. D&C 121:34–35 : Many are called but fail to focus on what truly matters due to worldly ambition. “Things of a Better” Hebrews 11:16 : The faithful desired “a better country” (a heavenly one). Jacob 2:18–19 : Counsel to first seek the kingdom of God, then success or riches can be used for good. Devotion / Consecration Matthew 6:19–21, 33 : Lay up treasures in heaven; “seek ye first the kingdom of God.” D&C 88:67–69 : Eye single to God’s glory, not weighed down by the world. Dieter F. Uchtdorf, “ Of Things That Matter Most ”   Speaks of simplifying our lives, focusing on essentials—akin to “lay aside the things of this world.” David A. Bednar, “ Things As They Really Are ” Warns of virtual or worldly distractions that impede spiritual growth, urging us to seek reality (the “better things”). Neal A. Maxwell, “ Settle This in Your Hearts ” Encourages mental and spiritual “housecleaning” to remove cluttering pursuits in favor of eternal perspectives. M. Russell Ballard, “ Remember What Matters Most ”   Emphasizes focusing on faith, family, and righteous goals over worldly interests. Verse : 11-16 Theme : Make a Selection of Hymns, The Eternal significance of Music, A Song of the Heart is a Prayer, Crown of Righteousness, Glory, “My Voice unto All” Description :  Emma Smith’s commission to select sacred hymns underlines the power of music in worship—“the song of the righteous is a prayer unto me.” Coupled with invitations to rejoice, stay humble, and keep covenants, these verses culminate in a promise of a “crown of righteousness” for those who remain faithful. While specifically directed to Emma, the Lord makes clear in verse 16 that such counsel applies to every disciple: uplifting music, covenant devotion, meekness, and an eternal perspective are essential elements on the path to exaltation. v. 11 : Emma is to make a selection of sacred hymns for the Church. v. 12 : The Lord delights in “the song of the heart; … the song of the righteous is a prayer,” promising blessings. v. 13 : “Lift up thy heart,” rejoice, and hold fast to covenants. v. 14 : “Continue in the spirit of meekness,” beware of pride, and let Emma’s soul “delight in [her] husband and the glory” that will come upon him. v. 15 : If she keeps the commandments continually, she will receive “a crown of righteousness,” but failing to do so means she cannot dwell where the Lord is. v. 16 : The Lord emphasizes this is “my voice unto all”—though addressed to Emma, these teachings have broad application. Hebrew/Greek Insights: “Selection of Sacred Hymns”  (v. 11) English  “hymn” from Greek ὕμνος ( hymnos ) meaning “song of praise.” Hebrew: In the Old Testament, this is the name of the Book of “Psalms” (תְּהִלִּים, t ĕhillîm )  This is also where the Latin word “ halo ” may have been derived, from the Greek ἅλως  , describing a crown of “light,” i.e. glory/ intelligence) This was used in art to represent Saints and Angels. Note the promised blessing that that the Lord makes to Emma as she engages in this work, “a crown  of righteousness  thou shalt receive.” Tehillim is the plural noun form of Hallel, which means “praise.” This term Emphasizes heartfelt worship music, e.g., David’s Psalms. Root Hallel, as in Hallelujah, “Praise Yah (i.e. Jehovah).” Hebrew words translated as Hymn include Hashir , Hallel , Hodah , and Zimer . Music was extremely important in the ancient church, and we are only beginning to understand its eternal significance.     “Song of the Heart”  (v. 12) Hebrew  root שִׁיר ( šîr ) = “song,” used for both sacred and secular compositions. The phrase “song of the righteous … is a prayer ” indicates music’s capacity to express devotion akin, or possibly to a greater level, than spoken prayer. “Spirit of Meekness”  (v. 14) Discussed previously: Greek πραΰτης ( prautēs ) “gentleness, humility.” Contrasts pride as a spiritual danger. Hebrew: עֲנָוָה ʻănâvâh “Crown of Righteousness”  (v. 15) Greek  στέφανος τῆς δικαιοσύνης ( stephanos  tēs dikaiosynēs ), used in 2 Timothy 4:8  where Paul anticipates a “crown of righteousness.” Symbolizes eternal honor, exaltation, or victory in the covenant path. “Voice” *see previous lesson about the ק֫וֹל ( qōl ) Meaning : “sound,” “voice,” “noise.” Context: Used over 500 times in the Old Testament. Genesis 3:8 : “They heard the voice ( qōl ) of the Lord God walking in the garden.” Exodus 19:19 : The “voice of the trumpet” grew louder at Sinai, and Moses spoke, and God “answered him by a voice.” *see previous lesson about the the origins of our Modern Circle of Fifths , “Yours is the Voice of Thunder, without beginning and without end” 1 Kings 19:12 : And after the earthquake a fire; but  the LORD was  not in the fire: and after the fire a still small voice. Range of Use: Can refer to thunder (e.g., Psalm 29  calls thunder “the voice of the Lord”), a prophet’s cry, or any audible sound. Connotations: Divine Communication: God’s “voice” reveals His presence or commandments (1 Kings 19:12–13, “a still small voice”). Figurative Usage: “Voice” may also symbolize God’s will or spirit, not just audible speech. φωνή ( phōnē ) Meaning: “sound,” “voice,” “tone,” or even “language” (i.e Phonics, phonetic) Examples: Matthew 3:3 : “The voice of one crying in the wilderness” (John the Baptist). John 5:25 : “The dead shall hear the voice of the Son of God.” Usage: Often indicates a call, cry, or divine utterance; also used for natural sounds (e.g., voices from heaven, or “noises”). Theological Emphasis: Hearing “God’s voice” is a theme of revelation, discipleship, and personal guidance ( John 10:27 , “My sheep hear my voice …”). Revelation & Covenant : “Voice” is often God’s direct communication, signaling covenant invitations or judgments. Obedience : Throughout scripture, hearing and heeding “the voice of the Lord” is a core covenant demand. It is also prophesied that at the Last Day these songs will be remembered and sung in preparation for the second coming of the Lord. (e.g., Deuteronomy 29:14, 30:15-16,19: 31:9-12, 16-22,24-26,30; i.e. Song of Moses & Song of the Lamb Personal Discipleship : Identifying and following God’s voice in daily life fosters spiritual growth and closeness to Him. Reflection:  Power of Sacred Music How does the knowledge that “the song of the righteous is a prayer” affect your view of congregational singing, personal music choices, family worship, and even music education? Rejoicing & Covenant Keeping Verse 13 says “lift up thy heart and rejoice, and cleave unto the covenants.” In what ways do you find joy in covenant living, rather than seeing it as mere obligation? Meekness & Avoiding Pride Pride can creep in subtle ways. Reflect on how Emma was to “continue in meekness.” Where can you be more deliberate in cultivating humility, especially in relationships? Eternal Perspective—Crown of Righteousness Verse 15 draws a line: obedient disciples can “come” where God is, culminating in exaltation. How does focusing on that promised “crown” shape your daily decisions? Applicability to Everyone Verse 16 clarifies this counsel is “my voice unto all.” Which specific instructions to Emma—like music, humility, covenant commitment—feel most relevant in your life? Significance of Music in Scripture Song of Moses Exodus 15:1–21 After crossing the Red Sea, Moses and the children of Israel sing a triumphal hymn praising the Lord for deliverance. Deuteronomy 31–32 Moses recites a final poetic address to Israel, sometimes called “the Song of Moses,” reminding them of God’s goodness and their covenant obligations. Deu 31:19 : Now therefore write ye this song  for you, and teach it the  children of  Israel: put it in their mouths, that this song  may be a witness for me against the  children of  Israel. Deu 31:21 : And it shall come to pass, when many evils and troubles are befallen them, that this song  shall testify against them as a witness; for it shall not be forgotten out of   the  mouths of  their seed: for I know their imagination which they go about, even now, before I have brought them into the  land which I sware. Deu 31:22 : Moses therefore wrote this song   the  same day, and taught it the  children of  Israel. Deu 31:30 :   And Moses spake in the ears of all the congregation of Israel the words of this song, until they were ended . Revelation 15:3 The victorious Saints in John’s vision “sing the song of Moses … and the song of the Lamb,” praising God’s works and ways. Song of the Lamb/ Lord Revelation 15:3 Immediately follows mention of the “song of Moses.” The saints sing “the song of the Lamb,” celebrating Christ’s redemptive victory and God’s righteous acts. D&C 133 When the Lamb  shall stand upon Mount Zion , and with him a hundred  and forty-four thousand, having his Father’s name written on their foreheads….And he shall utter  his voice out of Zion , and he shall speak from Jerusalem, and his voice  shall be heard among all people; And it shall be a voice as the voice  of many waters, and as the voice of a great thunder …And there shall they fall down and be crowned  with glory, even in Zion, by the hands of the servants of the Lord, even the children of Ephraim . And they shall be filled with songs  of everlasting joy. New Song Old Testament Psalm 33:3 “Sing unto him a new song; play skillfully with a loud noise.” Psalm 40:3 The Lord puts a “new song” in the psalmist’s mouth, praising God. Psalm 96:1 “O sing unto the Lord a new song: sing unto the Lord, all the earth.” Psalm 98:1 “O sing unto the Lord a new song; for he hath done marvellous things.” Psalm 144:9 “I will sing a new song unto thee, O God.” Psalm 149:1 “Sing unto the Lord a new song, and his praise in the congregation of saints.” Isaiah 42:10 “Sing unto the Lord a new song, and his praise from the end of the earth…” New Testament Revelation 5:9 The living creatures and elders sing “a new song” to the Lamb, extolling Him for redeeming humankind. Revelation 14:3 The 144,000 on Mount Zion sing “as it were a new song before the throne.” Doctrine and Covenants (Restoration Scripture) D&C 84:98-102 The revelation invites all creatures to “sing the new song,” praising the Lord at the time of His coming and millennial reign. Music in Connection with Throne Theophany 1 Nephi 1: Angels surrounding the throne of God in the attitude of singing" Isaiah 6:1–4  (cf. 2 Nephi 16 ) Vision of God’s Throne : Isaiah sees the Lord “sitting upon a throne, high and lifted up.” Around Him are seraphim crying, “Holy, holy, holy.” Musical Concept : While instruments aren’t explicitly named, the seraphic proclamation is often likened to a sacred “hymn” or chant. This is a classic Old Testament instance of angelic worship around God’s throne. Ezekiel 1:24 , 3:12–13 Cherubim and Throne : Ezekiel sees living creatures by the throne-chariot of God. Their wings produce a sound like “the noise of great waters” or “like the voice of the Almighty,” reminiscent of a grand, overwhelming resonance. Revelation (John’s Apocalyptic Vision) Revelation is the richest New Testament source regarding heavenly worship involving music around God’s throne: Revelation 4:2–11 Heavenly Throne Scene : John sees the One on the throne, surrounded by four living creatures and 24 elders. Ceaseless Praise : The living creatures do not rest day or night, proclaiming “Holy, holy, holy.” While the text doesn’t mention instruments here, the repetitive worship can be seen as liturgical or musical expression. Revelation 5:8–14 Harps Before the Throne : The 24 elders each have harps and golden vials. They “sung a new song” praising the Lamb who redeemed humankind. Unity in Worship : Angels, living creatures, elders all unite in a grand chorus extolling the Lamb’s worthiness. Revelation 14:1–3 144,000 & the Lamb  on Mount Zion: They sing “as it were a new song before the throne,” accompanied by “harpers harping with their harps.” Mystic Music : According to modern interpretations of scripture, no one else can learn the song but the redeemed 144,000, emphasizing a special heavenly melody the is tied to God’s throne. This is a concept that is frequently misunderstood. However, if we look carefully, we can see patterns relating to both throne theophany and music theory.  For example, the 24 elders surrounding the Throne of God in Revelation might remind us of the Twelve Apostles and Twelve Tribes of Israel. Likewise, in Western Music Theory, sound is divided equally into 12 divisions of the Chromatic scale, Each Key has a relative Major and minor component within the Diatonic Key, as depicted in the Circle of Fifths. Within these 12 Keys, a multitude of mode and scale possibilities exist.  When considering these concepts, it is helpful to remember that the mathematical concept of 1,000, as we typically think of it today, was not solidified until much later in history , sometime between the 3rd and 7th century AD with recognition of zero as a number. This is a relatively modern specification that did not exist at the time when Biblical revelations were given.  In ancient times, the concept of eleph  (translated as 1000) simply meant a large company, multitude, or number, united together as a single unit (under a particular Captain, Leader, House, Household, Division, Classification, etc.) In this light, the concept of 144,000 is not limited to a concrete specific number,  rather the multitude is organized and numbered into distinct House Classifications, all represented, and all belonging to the broader Family of God. Thus, this is not a concept of exclusion, rather it is a promise of inclusion, to those who are faithful. Revelation 15:2–3 Victory Over the Beast : Those who overcome stand on a sea of glass with “the harps of God,” singing the “song of Moses” and the “song of the Lamb” before God’s throne. Confluence of OT & NT : Combining the “song of Moses” from Exodus/Deuteronomy with the “song of the Lamb” underscores worship bridging old and new covenants around the throne. Book of Mormon While direct references to God’s throne accompanied by music are less explicit, glimpses of heavenly praise appear: Alma 36:22  (Lehi’s vision in 1 Nephi 1:8–9 is paraphrased) Lehi’s Vision : Sees “numberless concourses of angels in the attitude of singing and praising their God.” Heavenly Worship : Although the text doesn’t explicitly say “throne,” it implies a heavenly assembly praising God in a manner consistent with enthroned worship. 3 Nephi 17:15–17 Angels minister to little children  after Jesus prays. The record states “they were encircled about with fire,” and angels descended. While not specifically referencing God’s throne, it depicts a miraculous worship scene, presumably accompanied by heavenly rejoicing. Doctrine & Covenants D&C 76:19–24 , 93  (Vision of the Degrees of Glory) Celestial Realm : Describes those who are in the presence of God and the Lamb, praising and glorifying Him forever. Though “harps” are not mentioned, the “testimony, last of all” vision portrays ceaseless praise around God’s throne with the redeemed. D&C 109:77–79  (Kirtland Temple Dedication Prayer) Calls on the Saints to “sing … praises with hearts and worship.” While not explicitly naming God’s throne, it points to a unifying worship in God’s holy house, reminiscent of heavenly patterns. D&C 88:92–110 Describes the sounding of trumpets and praise at the Second Coming, possibly referencing cosmic and historic worship around God’s enthronement in the culminating events. Alma’s “Song of Redeeming Love” Alma 5:9 “... their souls did expand, and they did sing redeeming love. And I say unto you that they are saved.” Alma 5:26 “And now behold, I say unto you, my brethren, if ye have experienced a change of heart, and if ye have felt to sing the song of redeeming love, I would ask, can ye feel so now?” Alma 29 : "Oh that I were an angel" Jeffrey R. Holland, “ Songs Sung and Unsung ” Elder Holland teaches that Christ-centered music can heal hearts, unite congregations, and transcend differences. He also addresses how singing “the song of redeeming love” can resonate with personal testimonies. Quentin L. Cook, “ In Tune with the Music of Faith ” Elder Cook draws an analogy between being “in tune” musically and being spiritually “in tune” with the Holy Ghost. He mentions how music can lift us to a higher place of devotion and closeness to God. Dieter F. Uchtdorf, “ Come, Join with Us ” While not exclusively about music, President Uchtdorf’s invitation includes participating joyfully in worship. Often, the imagery of “joining in song” underscores unity and the call to “sing the new song” (Revelation 5:9) with fellow Saints. Gerrit W. Gong, “ Our Campfire of Faith ” Though not solely on music, Elder Gong often highlights worshipful practices that invite the Spirit. Musical worship is implied as part of a communal “campfire” — an image of collective warmth, light, and harmony. M. Russell Ballard, “ Faith, Family, Facts, and Fruits ” References how faithful worship, including hymn-singing, binds us as families and communities, echoing scriptural admonitions to sing praises to the Lord. Additional Resources: The Scripture Citation Index Doctrine & Covenants Stories Scripture Stories Coloring Book - D&C Liahona , For the Strength of Youth , Friend Saints The Gospel Learning and Teaching email subscription Revelations in Context: The Stories Behind the Sections of the Doctrine and Covenants Doctrine and Covenants Historical Resources Joseph Smith Papers   Joseph Smith’s Revelations: A Doctrine and Covenants Study Companion from the Joseph Smith Papers Joseph Smith Papers Podcasts Mission of the Prophet Joseph Smith Accounts of the First Vision Prophets of the Restoration Gospel Topics Essays Gospel Topics and Questions Church History Topics Answers to Church History Questions Global Histories Saints, Volume 1 Saints, Volume 2 Revelations in Context Joseph Smith’s Revelations Joseph Smith Papers Podcasts Church History Topics Maps: Church History Maps Northeastern United States Palmyra-Manchester, New York, 1820–31 The New York, Pennsylvania, and Ohio Area of the USA Joseph Smith Papers Joseph Smith's Residences The Scriptures, Mapped

CFM : March 17–23 D&C 22–26 Part 2  Videos, Podcasts, & Weekly Lesson Material Media Resource Links BYU RSC Library D&C 23-26 “Thou Art an Elect Lady” The Law of Common Consent (D&C 26) The “Elect Lady” Revelation (D&C 25) Voices of the Restoration: Emma Hale Smith Come Follow Church History with Lynne Hilton Wilson D&C 23-26 Doctrine and Covenants 23-26 | March 17-23 | Come Follow Church History Voices of the Restoration: Emma Smith's Family | March 17-23 | Come Follow Church History Come Follow Me Kid D&C 23-26 Come Follow Me Scott Woodward & Casey Griffiths D&C 23-26 Doctrine and Covenants 23-26 | Scott Woodward & Casey Griffiths | Come Follow Me LDS | Mar 17-23 Come Follow Up D&C 23-26 Doctrine and Covenants | Mar 17-23 | Sections 23-26 D&C Historical Background D&C 23-26 Don't Miss This D&C 23-26 Follow Him D&C 23-26 Doctrine & Covenants 23-26 Part 1 •• Sis. Morgan Pearson • March 17-March 23 Doctrine & Covenants 23-26 Part 2 •• Sis. Morgan Pearson • March 17-March 23 Transcripts Grounded with Barbara Morgan D&C 23-26 Hurricane Adult Religion Class D&C 23-26 Emma Hale Smith; The Sacrament; Authority in the Church Website Seminary Decks D&C 23-26 Latter Day Kids D&C 23-26 Allegory of the Olive Tree Line Upon Line D&C 23-26 Super Woman Meridian Magazine Podcast D&C 23-26 ( not yet posted ) Our Mother's Knew It D&C 23-26 ( not yet posted ) Saving Talents D&C 23-26 Scripture Study Central D&C 23-26 ( not yet posted ) Scripture Explorers D&C 23-26 The Song of the Righteous Scripture Gems D&C 23-26 Scripture Insights D&C 23-26 Talking Scripture D&C 23-26 Show Notes The Interpreter Foundation D&C 23-26 Study and Teaching Helps: 2025 Doctrine & Covenants Interpreter Radio Show — February 23, 2025, including Doctrine & Covenants in Context Nibley Lectures: Come, Follow Me Doctrine and Covenants Lesson 12 (D&C 23-26) Audio Roundtable: Come, Follow Me Doctrine and Covenants Lesson 11 (D&C 23–26) “Be Not Deceived, but Continue in Steadfastness” Doctrine & Covenants 26; 28; 43:1-7; 50; 52:14-19 “Remember the New Covenant, Even the Book of Mormon” D&C 16-23 Scripture Roundtable: D&C Gospel Doctrine Lesson 10, "This Is My Voice unto All" Scripture Roundtable: D&C Gospel Doctrine Lesson 24, "Be Not Deceived, but Continue in Steadfastness" The Red Crystal D&C 23-26 ( not yet posted ) Conference Packets The Scriptures are Real D&C 23-26 ( not yet posted ) Unshaken D&C 23-26 Resources and Insights for this Week's Lesson:   Building a House and Making It a Home: Covenants, Roles, and the Surprising Story of Esther” Building a House Over the past few sections in Doctrine and Covenants, we’ve used the analogy of building a house step by step: D&C 18 : We laid the foundation—focusing on the worth of souls and the beginnings of building a Church structure established on the Rock of Jesus Christ.  He offers to be our God if we have the faith to Hear Him and be His people. D&C 19 : Serves as the “frame,” underscoring how sacred ordinances and covenants fit into God’s eternal plan, His Holy Order (D&C 107:3). In many ways, these promises echo the covenant pattern taught at the first Passover (Exodus 6:6–7): The Lord liberates us from spiritual captivity, “ leading us out of bondage ,” as we embrace His Law of Sacrifice . By offering Him a broken heart and contrite spirit—repenting and forsaking our “carnal” selves—we become new creatures in Christ. This transformation unfolds through the covenantal ordinance of baptism , the “ straight gate ” that leads to eternals life. This covenantal ordinance demonstrates our willingness to follow Him in devoted service as we attentively follow the promptings of His Spirit and the counsel of His anointed servants. God promises deliverance by revealing “a better way” through the gospel message, as preserved in Scripture. By studying and living these teachings, we expand our intellectual and spiritual capacity and sharpen our skills of discernment. This enables us to more effectively recognize and avoid the moral, physical, and spiritual pitfalls set by the adversary to entrap us.   Jesus Christ redeems us through His infinite and eternal Atonement. Serving as our “ Kinsman Redeemer ” and the “groom of Israel,” He assumed our debts and pains in Gethsemane , then took full l egal responsibility for our sins on Calvary . Through the power of His Resurrection , He conquered death. Christ perfectly balanced the scales of Justice and Mercy , bridging the gap, “the great divide,” that separated us from our heavenly home. As His covenant “bride,” Israel commits to be faithful, forsaking all other gods, idols, and distractions through the Law of Chastity .   The Savior promises to “ bring us unto Him as a people .” Through the Gathering of Israel , we consecrate our time, talents, and resources to fulfill this mission, to faithfully build up His Kingdom (Notice how we see this pattern restated in D&C 24:1 ). In D&C 20–21:  We add the walls, doors, windows, the essential “plumbing” and “electric”—basic government, practices, and policies for His Restored Church, outlining the first “handbook” for the Church. Making a Home Now, in D&C 22–26 , the house is ready to become a home for a brand new covenant family. In these sections the Lord provides a list of job assignments for various family members. Joseph serves as the Patriarch, Emma as the Matriarch, and specific instructions are given to them and to other members of the early church. 1. The New and Everlasting Covenant (D&C 22) and the Account of Esther In D&C 22, The Lord begins this phase by reaffirming the restoration of His “new and everlasting covenant”  (of Marriage), as he outlines the specific duties and responsibilities of each family member.   Let’s explore the new and everlasting covenant  by looking at a biblical story . Today— Friday, March 14th, 2025 —marks the Jewish festival of Purim , celebrating the remarkable account of Queen Esther . In this narrative, Esther replaces Queen Vashti , who is dismissed after refusing to appear at the king’s summons. The name Vashti  is intriguing: rooted in a Persian term ( vanóti ), it’s connected with the English word “wish.”  Symbolically, Vashti personifies the king’s “wished-for” or “desired” bride. Yet, due to a host of complicated issues and pride, she is cast aside, prompting the king to seek a new queen—thus, the need to enter into a new covenant . Drawing on scriptural imagery of God (Jehovah) as the bridegroom  and Israel (or Jerusalem) as the bride , one sees a parallel. Israel had once been the Lord’s covenant partner, yet through infidelity and pride, they lost their kingdom. The events of Esther  occur during the diaspora, as the Jewish people anxiously awaited the coming of the Messiah who would deliver them from their captivity—again hinting at how God’s “new covenant” might restore His people to their promised relationship. Esther's Story as a Symbolic Foreshadowing of Jesus Christ Today, Purim is often celebrated as a spirited, vaudeville-style masquerade. I vividly recall the first time I took my husband to a Jewish synagogue.  It was during Purim—we arrived dressed in our Sunday best, expecting a more traditional service. Instead, we found ourselves in a crowd of costumed revelers, complete with a Klezmer band and a lively bar at the back of the hall. The clarinetist wore black fishnets over unshaven legs and bright red high heels, and my husband’s wide-eyed look said it all. We were definitely not prepared for the exuberant festivities, but this remains one of our most memorable synagogue experiences.       During the reading of the Megillah— the Book of Esther —the congregation participates in a lively and interactive version of story telling as part of a ritual feast, called a Seudah . This is a mitzvah, a "commandments" of the Purim Festival. Every time Esther  or Mordechai  is mentioned, everyone cheers. But whenever the name of the wicked Haman  arises, the audience jeers, boos, hisses, and sounds groggers (or noisemakers that are used to drown out the name of Haman). They even tosses popcorn, underscoring his role as the story’s villain. In addition to the reading of the Megillah and the Seudah, two of the four mitzvot, the Matanot L'Evyonim (giving charity), and Mishloach Manot (a gift tradition that is kind of like the Jewish version of the Easter basket, which parents usually prepare for their kids, but also gift to their loved ones) are observed. On the surface, Purim may seem like a chaotic celebration. But beneath its carnival-like atmosphere, profound symbolic elements illuminate the deeper purpose of the Book of Esther . Set in the Persian city of Shushan  following the Jewish Diaspora , the narrative unfolds amid intense political upheaval: Persia had recently overtaken Babylon and was embroiled in conflict with Greece—hostilities that would ultimately end in Persia’s downfall at the hands of Alexander the Great . In this story of intrigue, nothing is as it seems . Key biblical themes are conspicuously absent—most notably, God is never mentioned . Rather, the God of Israel remains a silent but significant player. Meanwhile, the main protagonists’ names, Mordechai  and Esther (her Hebrew name was Hadassa ), show an intriguing linguistic kinship to the Babylonian deities Marduk  and Ištar . Though surprising, a closer examination suggests that, despite these unusual elements, the story retains a potent testimony of divine providence—revealing why it merited inclusion in Jewish Scripture. First, let’s consider the name  of the feast day: Purim . At a glance, some might note a wordplay between Purim (פּוּרִים)  and Yom Kippur (יוֹם כִּפּוּר) "Day of Atonement ." The Hebrew prefix כ־  ( kaf ) can mean “like” or “as,” while the suffix ־ים   (-im) often indicates a plural form. Thus, from a midrashic  perspective, Yom Kippur can be seen as “a day like  Purim,” subtly linking the Day of Atonement’s theme of deliverance through divine mercy to Esther’s story—where the Jewish people, facing certain annihilation, required miraculous intervention. On another layer, the Book of Esther  itself clarifies that Purim  is derived from Pur , meaning “lot.” This refers to the lots cast by Haman to determine the date of the Jews’ destruction—an act ultimately overturned by God’s hidden but decisive deliverance. A Pur  refers to a clay die inscribed with markings on its sides. In the Assyrian Empire , two weeks before the first day of Nisan  (the first month in the Babylonian calendar), officials would roll such a die to determine which governor’s name would headline the upcoming year. During the events recorded in the Book of Esther, that roll favored Haman , placing him in a position of power and influence. Haman’s hostility toward the Jews seemed to be partly retaliatory: the narrative identifies him as an Agagite , linking him to Agag , the king of Amalek  mentioned in 1 Samuel 15 . In that account, King Saul  unwisely spared Agag after defeating the Amalekites, despite God’s clear instructions not to. Samuel  rebuked Saul for his disobedience and executed Agag, warning that Saul’s poor choice would have long-lasting consequences. Thus, Haman’s lineage as an Agagite helps explain his fierce animosity toward the Jewish people and sets the stage for the crisis in Esther’s story. Haman devises a plot, and casts lots to determine the date on which he would gather and destroy the Jewish people—specifically targeting Mordechai , Esther’s trusted confidant. And what was that date? The Decree was issued on the 13th of Nissan and was carried out three days later, on the 16th of Nissan, right in the midst of when the Jews would be observing Passover. Is it a coincidence that Haman was hanged during the same time that Jesus Christ would later be crucified? This is an interesting parallel. However, while Mordechi escapes death, the Savior willingly chooses His fate—sacrificing Himself as a ransom for all, even those who plotted and conspired against Him. Purim thus stands as a messianic parallel  for many, illustrating both Christ’s first coming  and foreshadowing His second coming . The political upheaval and intrigue that frame the story of Esther echo in our day: rampant idolatry, widespread religious persecution, and a climate where many shrink from publicly affirming their faith. Like those ancient Jews in exile—who had forgotten their God and no longer knew how to pray—modern society often finds itself mired in chaos, longing for the redemptive power of a Messiah. But God has not forsaken His people. Amid today’s turbulence, He continues to be an active participant, Restoring His gospel  and gathering Israel , just as He preserved the Jews in Esther’s time. The scriptures and revelations we study in the Doctrine & Covenants serve precisely this purpose: to prepare us for challenges ahead, deepen our covenant commitment, and remind us that divine deliverance is real—even when God’s hand may not be recognized by much of the world. Emma and Esther: Queens in their own Right: In the same way that Queen Esther  safeguarded her people under perilous circumstances, Emma Smith  emerged as a heroic figure in the early Church. She was even promised her own “crown of righteousness” for faithful service. Both women labored in worlds that greatly undervalued their contributions, yet each played a pivotal role in preserving God’s covenant community. Emma’s Service and Stewardship : While facing intense societal prejudice, Emma stood at Joseph Smith’s side with unwavering virtue , patience , and meekness ( ḥayil , Proverbs 31:10-31 . These words today have very different meanings than they did anciently. These verbs did not denote weakness or subservience. They were verbs denoting great courage, power, and wisdom , all attributes that Emma possessed. These were sometimes the same attributes that got her in trouble, especially with some of the men who at times envied and felt challenged by her exceptional intelligence. As Joseph's most trusted companion, Emma served as a scribe, teacher, counselor, and advisor—her guidance and insights directly influenced the reception of significant revelations like the Word of Wisdom  and the founding of the Relief Society . She diligently fulfilled her calling to expound scriptures, instructing converts, Church members, and even Joseph himself. Sacred Hymns and Spiritual Focus : In anticipation for the Second Coming, the Lord counseled Emma to “lay aside worldly distractions” and seek “the things of a better.” This is powerful council that frequently gets overlooked. As part of her mission, Emma was tasked in D&C 25  with compiling sacred hymns. The Lord declared, “My soul delights in the song of the heart; yea, the song of the righteous is a prayer unto me, and it shall be answered with a blessing upon their heads." Anciently, crowns of Laurel leaves were traditionally given to heroic figures to symbolize victory and nobility. This was a tradition that predates Ancient Israel. The Hebrew word for "tiara" or a crown that encircles half the head is " nezer " (נֶזֶר), while the general word for crown is " keter " (כֶּתֶר) and " atarah " (עֲטָרָה).  These words are significant and have deep spiritual implications. Consider the topics we explored in D&C 19 , about the Circle of Fifths and the Atonement, while taking some time to explore the provided links above. Jewish Tradition and Musical Prayer : In Jewish custom, songs and prayers  are often intertwined. The Latin term Hymn comes from the Greek hymnos and it is synonymous with the word psalm , and ode. In Hebrew, the word translated as Psalm is Tehillim , and this term stems from the root hallel —“praise” (as in “ hallelu Yah ,” meaning “ praise God ”). From this same root the concept of a “ halo ,” is also derived. This is a luminous crown of light and enlightenment that is often depicted in early Christian art to represent the divine light and knowledge of Jesus Christ. We can see this in many artistic depictions, where halos or light radiates around the heads of saints and angelic figures as crowns of righteousness. As we ponder upon and apply these principles, we learn that a “house” becomes “home” when covenant-keeping disciples step into their God-given roles. Like Esther’s or Emma’s examples, our service, faith, and willingness to courageously act in unity with the divine invite the Lord’s presence into our lives. By embracing sacred covenants, magnifying our unique duties, and singing the Lord’s praises, we ready ourselves and our “households” for His promised deliverance—ultimately preparing to receive Him as our divine Bridegroom in the fullness of His glory. If you would like to observe the festival of Purim tonight with our Jewish brothers and sisters, consider watching this beautiful depiction of Queen Esther's story and consider how her story applies to you. An Elect Lady Emma Smith D&C STUDY GUIDE Some Ways You Can Use This Study Guide Personal Study:  Read each verse (or group of verses, then refer to the chart’s central themes, description, and biblical/Hebrew/Greek insights. Copy and paste desired sections and links into your Scripture notes using your LDS Tools.  Add any additional insights and incorporate these into your personal collection, keeping the things you want to have easily accessible in one place. Teaching Settings:  Present each row as an opportunity for discussion points. Invite learners to visit CFMCorner.com so they can come to class prepared to share things they discovered while exploring the available resources and cross-references. Encourage them to share their insights.  As time permits, some Hebrew/Greek terms  are provided as cross-references to deepen understanding of linguistic or cultural context. However, this represents only a tiny sampling of what is available and waiting to be discovered.  Dive in and enjoy the available resources.   Doctrine and Covenants 23 OVERVIEW Doctrine and Covenants 23 consists of personal instructions and cautions directed by the Lord to five individuals: Oliver Cowdery, Hyrum Smith, Samuel H. Smith, Joseph Smith Sr., and Joseph Knight Sr. Although only seven verses long, this revelation offers insights into how the Lord is mindful of each person’s unique responsibilities and spiritual vulnerabilities. Each person is admonished to remain steadfast, guard against pride, and continue faithful in their specific callings. TIMEFRAME & SETTING Date : April 1830, shortly after the Church of Christ (now The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints) was organized (April 6, 1830). Location : Received in Manchester, New York. Historical Context : All five men mentioned were closely involved in the early translation and organization efforts of the Church. The revelations came at a time of excitement but also uncertainty, as the small community of believers was figuring out leadership roles and grappling with the earliest stages of a formal Church structure. KEY CIRCUMSTANCES Founding of the Church : These verses were given within days/weeks of the Church’s official founding. There was a need for continued guidance. Individual Stewardships : Each recipient (Oliver, Hyrum, etc.) had specific tasks—e.g., missionary work, strengthening the Church, etc.—and needed counsel to avoid pitfalls of pride or complacency. Converts and Growth : Though the Church was brand new, the Lord emphasized personal responsibility for sustaining and growing the fledgling community of believers. Potential Pride or Discouragement : The Lord warned about pride. Sometimes newly called leaders risk either inflated self-importance or the opposite—feeling inadequate and discouraged. PURPOSE OF THE REVELATION Encouragement & Exhortation : The Lord reassures these men about their standing yet warns of spiritual dangers. Clarification of Roles : Each person is reminded of his duty to preach, exhort , and “strengthen the Church continually.” Avoiding Pride : The message emphasizes humility. Gifts or authority can lead to spiritual stumbling if one doesn’t remain humble and obedient. Call to Perseverance : Despite challenges, each individual is urged to press forward with unwavering commitment in the newly restored Church. SIGNIFICANCE Applies to All Disciples : Though addressed to specific individuals, these verses model the Lord’s personal engagement with every disciple’s needs and potential weaknesses. Unity Through Distinct Roles : Each is tasked differently, illustrating how diverse callings unify the Church when each person contributes faithfully. Warning & Promise : D&C 23 foreshadows the pattern that blessings come with faithfulness, but spiritual dangers can arise quickly when pride or complacency creep in. Major Topics & Themes Resources & Links Verse : 1–2 (Oliver Cowdery) Theme:   Warned of Pride & Called to Strengthen the Church Description:  The Lord calls Oliver to “beware of pride,” suggesting that although Oliver had remarkable spiritual experiences (e.g., seeing John the Baptist, assisting in translation), he was not immune to self-importance. “Strengthen the Church” – Oliver was a natural leader and scribe. He is reminded to use those talents for good. Hebrew/ Greek Insights: Condemnation :  pronouncing someone guilty, judgment against wrongdoing, or a state of divine disfavor due to unrepented sins or rebellion. Hebrew:   Râshaʻ  (רָשַׁע): Often denotes moral wrongdoing, a state of guilt before God, or deliberate rebellion that brings condemnation. Shâphaṭ  (שָׁפַט) “To judge,” “to govern,” “to pass sentence or give a ruling.” Greek:  Katákrima  (κατάκριμα)/ possibly karákrisis  (καράκρισις): “Condemnation,” “adverse verdict,” or “a guilty sentence.” Pride : Hebrew: Gā’ōn   (גָּאוֹן) Means “exaltation, majesty,” but when attributed to humans negatively, it implies arrogance or overbearing pride.  Greek: ὑπερηφανία  (hyperēphania) : Translated “pride, haughtiness.”  Many accounts indicate that pride is a barrier to receiving God’s grace, teaching one to lower oneself  before God so He can “lift them up.” Reflection: - Identifying Pride : In what ways do prideful attitudes manifest in your life, perhaps more subtly than you realized? (e.g., resisting counsel, asserting your own will) -Counteracting Pride : Which practices (scripture study, prayer, service, etc.) help you cultivate a humble, teachable heart? -Communal Effects : How does pride in a family, a Church community, or a larger society lead to spiritual stagnation? Conversely, how can humility uplift and unite people? Proverbs 16:18  – Pride goes before destruction  Mosiah 4:11  – Retain a remembrance of your own nothingness Verse:  3 (Hyrum Smith) Theme:   Duty & Ongoing Faithfulness Description: Hyrum is told that his heart is opened and his tongue  is loosed.  He is instructed to exhort  and strengthen  the church, being counceled that “thy duty  is unto the church forever,” highlighting a lifelong commitment. Hyrum had a big influence on Joseph, often offering quiet support. The verse underscores consistent discipleship. Hebrew/ Greek Insights: Exhortation:  “Exhort” means “to urge earnestly,” “encourage,” or “counsel strongly,” often with a sense of calling someone to action or to a higher standard. This term is used multiple times in this section.  Hebrew:  No single direct term consistently translates to “exhort,” but related verbs convey “admonish,” “urge,” or “warn.” One example is: יַסֵּר ( yassēr ) : “to instruct,” “correct,” or “chasten” (Proverbs 19:18). Although not a perfect parallel, it illustrates a fatherly, instructive urging. Greek: παρακαλέω ( parakaleō ): Literally “to call alongside.” This can mean getting on the same level “to urge,” “encourage,” “comfort,” or “console.” Strengthen:  “to make stronger or more firm,” “to fortify,” “to support,” or “to reinforce someone’s capacity” — physically, mentally, or spiritually. חָזַק ( ḥāzaq ) Root sense: “to be strong,” “to seize,” “to hold fast,” or “to make firm.” Example: Isaiah 35:3 : “Strengthen ye the weak hands,” meaning give physical and spiritual support to those who are feeble. στηρίζω ( stērizō ) “To establish firmly,” “to set fast,” “to confirm,” or “to fix resolutely.” Example: Luke 22:32 : Jesus says to Peter, “when thou art converted, strengthen thy brethren,” implying both encouragement and reinforcement of faith. Hebrew Literary Pattern : “Thy duty is …”  – reminiscent of biblical calls where the Lord designates an individual’s role. In Hebrew scripture, call narratives (like Moses, Gideon, etc.) emphasize divine mandate. Reflection: How do you “exhort” loved ones or fellow Saints without coming across as harsh or preachy? Consider how parakaleō (to comfort/encourage) might transform your tone and intent. When have you felt spiritually “strengthened” by others? Reflect on times you may have acted like Peter—receiving help from the Lord, then turning to strengthen others in faith or service. In what ways might we better fulfill both responsibilities—exhorting and strengthening—in our Church callings, family roles, or personal ministry? Identify practical steps (teaching, counseling, comforting) you can take, drawing inspiration from scriptural examples. Alma 36:24  – Laboring without ceasing to bring others to repentance D&C 11:8  – If you have desires to serve God, you are called to the work Verse : 4 (Samuel H. Smith) Theme : Preach & Exhort Description: Samuel is told to preach and exhort “among the churches in the regions round about.” Historically, Samuel served a mission soon after this revelation, illustrating immediate obedience. This verse shows the importance of local missionary efforts from an early stage. Verse : 5 (Joseph Smith Sr.) Theme : Still Encouraged to “Strengthen Zion” Description : Joseph Smith Sr. was older, had faced family hardships. The Lord reaffirms that age or personal trials do not limit one’s role in building Zion. The Lord provides encouragement, admonishing Joseph Smith Sr. to use his talents and abilities to “strengthen the church.” Reflection: -What does this teach about the value of every generation in the work of salvation? -When and how have you seen older saints or mentors powerfully bless younger members of the Church? 1 Timothy 4:12  – “Let no man despise thy youth”—and by extension, don’t despise advanced age either.  Moroni 7:2  – Words of an aged prophet, Mormon, who encourages everyone to “give diligence” Verse:   6 (Joseph Knight Sr.) Theme:   Called to Minister & Exhort Description: Joseph Knight Sr. had helped Joseph Smith temporally (providing resources). The Lord now reminds him that spiritual labors are also required. Like Samuel, Joseph Knight Sr. is to preach and exhort, suggesting no one is exempt from some level of spiritual witness-bearing. Hebrew/ Greek Insights: Minister (verb) : “to serve,” “to attend to the needs of others,” or “to perform duties as a subordinate agent on behalf of someone in authority.” Minister (noun) : “a servant,” “one who acts under direction,” or “a religious leader authorized to perform sacred duties.” Hebrew: Two primary Hebrew terms carry the sense of “ministering” or “serving”: שָׁרַת ( shāraṯ ) Means “to serve, attend, minister.” Used for priests or Levites serving in the tabernacle/temple (e.g., Exodus 28:35; 1 Kings 8:11). Describes close, devoted assistance—like Joshua was Moses’ “minister” or “assistant” (Exodus 24:13). עָבַד ( ʿāvaḏ ) More commonly “to work, to serve,” sometimes used for religious devotion or bondservice. Less specifically “minister” than shāraṯ , but conveys the broader idea of service or labor. Greek: διακονέω ( diakoneō ) “To serve,” “to care for,” “to wait upon.” Root of the word “deacon” (διάκονος, diakonos ), literally “servant.” Matt 23:11 , “the greatest among you shall be your servant” λειτουργέω ( leitourgeō ) “To serve publicly,” originally used for priestly or liturgical service. Associated with official, sometimes sacred, service. ὑπηρετέω ( hupēreteō ), Strong’s #5256 “To act as an under-rower” (original meaning), “to serve under direction,” “to assist.” Conveys the sense of a subordinateship, working under authority. Reflection: -Meaningful Ministry : How do you personally “minister” in day-to-day life—whether in a formal calling or through informal acts of kindness? -Underlying Authority : How does understanding that ministering is “serving under divine direction” shape the way you approach your responsibilities in the Church or community? -Examples of Ministering : Which biblical or Restoration-era figures model the kind of ministering you aspire to? What traits do they exhibit (e.g., humility, diligence, empathy)? D&C 12:7–8  – Qualifications for the work: humility, love, faith Romans 12:6–8  – Exhortation is listed among spiritual gifts Verse:  7 Theme :   (Concluding Admonition) Beware of Pride, Continue in the Lord’s Work Description :  The Lord reiterates the caution: if these men do not continue faithfully, they face spiritual perils. Pride is not only for Oliver but for all of them to watch. A final invitation to press forward with diligence. Hebrew/ Greek Insights: “Receive the reward of the Laborer”  (*see last week's lesson on Pardes, following chapter outline for Section 21. ) Literary Pattern : Repetition of the “beware of pride” concept signals how subtle pride can be. In scripture, repetition emphasizes importance (think “wo” or “verily, verily”) Reflection: Individual Stewardship Exercise : List your callings or personal responsibilities (in Church, family, work). Ask in prayer: “Lord, what is my duty to strengthen the Church right now?” Write down impressions. Pride-Check Journal : For a week, daily jot down moments when you felt a twinge of pride, frustration, or envy. Look for patterns (e.g., “I compare myself with peers at work”). Pray to replace that pride with gratitude or service. Engage in Family or Small-Group Discussions : Talk about how each member, regardless of age or background, can “strengthen the Church.” Brainstorm small acts (messages of encouragement, service, missionary sharing) that embody the counsel in D&C 23. Alma 5:27–28 – “Stripped of pride?”  D&C 18:44–46 – Warnings about ignoring spiritual counsel Resource Insight: Historical accounts show how Oliver and others eventually faced challenges with pride or disillusionment; this verse foreshadows such tests. Doctrine and Covenants 24 OVERVIEW Doctrine and Covenants 24 was revealed shortly after the formal organization of the Church and amidst growing hostility from local communities. The revelation speaks directly to Joseph Smith and Oliver Cowdery, calling them to remain faithful in their labors, even under trial. It sets expectations for their spiritual responsibilities and offers insight into how the Lord will support them temporally if they trust in Him and do their part. TIMEFRAME & SETTING Date : July 1830, roughly the same period as Doctrine and Covenants 25. Locations : Harmony, Pennsylvania, with references to circumstances in nearby areas where Joseph and Oliver preached. Context : Persecution had escalated, with legal action and community opposition aimed at Joseph and other believers. Joseph and Oliver were balancing Church administrative responsibilities, missionary efforts, and personal family needs. KEY CIRCUMSTANCES Mounting Persecution : The hostility included harassment, legal complaints, and social ostracism, all of which placed emotional and financial stress on Joseph and Oliver. Still-Forming Church Roles : The Church was only a few months old, so clarifications about leadership and day-to-day duties were needed. Temporal Concerns : Joseph, with a young family, and Oliver also had to worry about supporting themselves amid constant disruptions and limited resources. Reliance on Divine Help : The revelation promises divine sustenance and counsel, instructing them how to navigate their missionary callings without neglecting practical responsibilities. PURPOSE OF THE REVELATION Provide Encouragement : The Lord reaffirms His acceptance of Joseph’s and Oliver’s service, offering spiritual reassurance during challenging times. Define Duties : Clarifies that they must continue preaching the gospel and strengthening the Church, even with external pressures. Counsel on Temporal Matters : Offers a balanced approach: God will help them temporally if they devote themselves fully, but they must exercise diligence and industry. Prepare Them for Ongoing Trials : Warns that hardships will continue, but the Lord’s power will guide and sustain their efforts. SIGNIFICANCE Model for Handling Persecution : Illustrates how believers can stand firm in their mission when faced with opposition, trusting that “the powers of heaven” will intervene. Sacred and Temporal Intertwined : Emphasizes that spiritual work and temporal needs can be balanced with divine guidance. Prophetic Endurance : Demonstrates Joseph Smith’s pattern of faithful endurance—he never gave up his calling even when adversity was severe. Continual Revelation : Confirms that as new challenges arise in the Church, the Lord provides timely revelation to address them. Major Topics & Themes Resources & Links Verse:  1 Theme:  Encouragement to Joseph & Oliver Description: The Lord outlines the covenant pattern and lists the labors accomplished so far, explaining where things are going next. He acknowledges their trials, instructs them to recognize their faults, and encourages them to move forward. Hebrew/ Greek Insights : Outline Exodus 6:6-7  pattern in verse 1 I have lifted thee up: Ve hotse ti (וְהוֹצֵאתִ֣י) I have counseled and delivered thee: Vehitzalti (וְהִצַּלְתִּ֥י) from root natzal I have redeemed thee (delivered thee from the powers of Satan & Darkness) Ve gal ti (וְגָאַלְתִּ֤י)  He then instucts to continue to gather the Church so he can take them unto Himself as a people. Ve laqah ti “Transgressions” Transgress  in the English sense: “to break or overstep a law or boundary.” Hebrew: Often פָּשַׁע ( pāša ʿ ), “revolt, break away,” or עָבַר ( ʿāvar ), “to cross over (a boundary).” NT Greek: παράβασις ( parabasis ), “to step aside from the path,” or ἁμαρτία ( hamartia ), “missing the mark.” Context: Even prophets are accountable. Joseph is reminded that being chosen does not negate the need for repentance. Reflection: 1. When have you felt divinely appointed to fulfill a specific mission (i.e. parent, church or work calling, missionary, etc.), and how do you reconcile the honor of a divine calling with the reality of personal imperfection and adversity? 2. How can looking forward to God’s commendation help you endure present adversity? Escalating Persecution Joseph Smith’s Support at Home Come Life or Come Death Do Not Cast Me Off We Will Prove Them View the chronology Revelation, July 1830–A [D&C 24] Luke 12:48 : “For unto whomsoever much is given, of him shall be much required.” Emphasizes that special callings bring heightened accountability. D&C 20:2–3 : Confirms Joseph’s calling and role in bringing forth the Book of Mormon. Mosiah 4:11–12 : King Benjamin teaches continued repentance and humility even after receiving salvation blessings. D&C 3:1–10 : Another earlier example where Joseph is warned about his accountability (the 116 pages incident). James E Faust, “ Called and Chosen ”   Explores what it means to be “called” and how we must act in faith to be “chosen” by the Lord. D. Todd Christofferson, “ The Divine Gift of Repentance ”   Emphasizes ongoing repentance for all, including those with heavy responsibilities. Ties to “thou art not excusable in thy transgressions” and the need for humility. Henry B. Eyring, “ Fear Not to Do Good ,”   Addresses the principle of God’s deliverance (He “lifts” us up) and how He expects His disciples to keep pressing on despite challenges. Verse : 3–6 Theme : Command to Continue Preaching  Description : The Lord instructs Joseph and Oliver to continue preaching and laboring despite opposition, promising them His strength. Joseph is counseled to return to Colesville, an area that has heavily persecuted him and the church in the past.   “magnify thine office,” be patient in afflictions, and not fear. The Lord reassures that signs will follow the faithful. They are encouraged to go forth without purse or scrip, relying on Him for sustenance and deliverance. Hebrew/ Greek Insights: Greek/Hebrew Word Insight :  “Magnify” English : “to make great or esteemed,” “to honor,” “to uphold with devotion.” Greek (NT) : μεγαλύνω ( megalynō ); “to make large, exalt, extol.” Hebrew:   gâdal  (גָּדַל) ; to become mature, large, great (in various senses, as in body, mind, estate, or honor) Context : In a church setting, “magnify” suggests acting in a way that brings dignity, excellence, and focus to one’s calling or priesthood office. “Fear Not” Hebrew: אַל־תִּירָא ( ʾal-tîrāʾ ), from יָרֵא ( yārēʾ , “to fear,” often used in the Old Testament as divine reassurance (“Fear not, for I am with thee”). Greek: μὴ φοβοῦ ( mē phobou , for “fear”), as in “be not afraid.” Context: The Lord’s injunction to “fear not” reaffirms that faith and obedience in divine direction help to dispel anxiety. Reflection: 1. What does it mean to act in faith rather than by compulsion or display? 2. When might the Lord empower us to heal or bless others in quiet ways? Map Magnify Your Office D&C 84:33 : Priesthood holders who “magnify their calling” are sanctified. Romans 11:13 : Paul declares he “magnifies” his office among the Gentiles. Be Patient in Afflictions D&C 24:8  (nearby verse) reiterates patience in adversity as a Christlike attribute. James 1:2–4 : Trials refine and teach patience, making one perfect, mature, and complete. Verse :  7–9 Theme : Devotion in Service, Understand and Attend to Your Calling, Patience in Affliction Description : In verses 7–9 , we see both an invitation to fully concentrate on the Lord’s work in Zion and a promise of His sustaining power. By devoting ourselves wholeheartedly—even amid many afflictions—we discover that Christ not only sustains us but also refines our capacity to serve, turning temporal sacrifice into eternal reward. Hebrew/ Greek Insights: “Devote” English : “To commit wholly, to consecrate, to dedicate.” Hebrew : While no single verb equates perfectly to “devote,” concepts such as הִקְדִּישׁ ( hiqdiš , from קָדַשׁ / qāḏaš , “to make holy,”) convey “to consecrate” or “set apart as sacred.” Greek (NT) : ἁγιάζω ( hagiazō ) can mean “to make holy, consecrate”; although typically translated as “sanctify,” it conveys the idea of devoting something or someone to God’s holy use. “Zion” Hebrew : צִיּוֹן ( ṣiyyôn ), originally referring to a specific hill in Jerusalem, later broadening to mean the city or people of God in an ideal covenant sense ( Moses 7:18 , “one heart and one mind”). Greek : Σιών ( Siōn , transliteration). Found in references such as Hebrews 12:22  (“ye are come unto mount Sion … the city of the living God”). “Afflictions” Hebrew : צָרָה ( ṣārāh ), often “trouble, distress,” or עֳנִי ( ʿŏnî ), “affliction, oppression.” Connotes suffering that tests or humbles an individual or community. Greek (NT) : θλῖψις ( thlipsis ), “pressure, tribulation, affliction.” Emphasizes the pressing nature of adversity. “Temporal Labors” English : “Work related to worldly or non-sacred pursuits,” as opposed to spiritual or ecclesiastical responsibilities. Hebrew : מְלָאכָה ( mĕlāʾkhāh ), “occupation, work, business.” In a scriptural context, often distinguished from “holy” or “sacred” labor. Greek (NT) : ἐργασία ( ergasia ), can mean “work, occupation, gain.” Also ἔργον ( ergon ), a broad term for “work/deed.” “Expound” Hebrew : Comparable concept might use the root בָּאַר ( bāʾar , “to make plain, to explain,” Deuteronomy 1:5 , my soul delighteth in plainness , 2 Ne. 25:4  ( 33:6 ).) or פָּרַשׁ ( pāraš , “to make distinct, declare”). Greek (NT) : ἐκτίθημι ( ektithēmi ) or διερμηνεύω ( diermēneuō ), meaning “to interpret thoroughly, explain, unfold.” Context : “Expound all scriptures” suggests clarifying meaning and application under the Spirit’s guidance. Reflection : 1. Where in your life can you more intentionally “devote” your energy to building Zion, rather than getting absorbed by lesser pursuits? 2. Joseph was told he wouldn’t find success in “temporal labors” because his calling was distinct. How do you discern which labors are part of your divine calling, and which may be distractions? “Devote all thy service in Zion” D&C 82:14 : Zion must increase in beauty and holiness, reliant on devoted labor from the Saints. Matthew 6:33 : “Seek ye first the kingdom of God … and all these things shall be added unto you.” “Be patient in afflictions” 2 Corinthians 12:9–10 : Paul learns that God’s strength is made perfect in weakness; thus he glories in infirmities. D&C 121:7–8 : Joseph Smith’s Liberty Jail experience underscores patience and ultimate triumph through enduring affliction. “Attend to thy calling … expound all scriptures” 2 Timothy 2:15 : “Study … rightly dividing the word of truth.” D&C 11:21 : Seek first to obtain the word, then shall your tongue be loosed . Neal A. Maxwell, “ Consecrate Thy Performance ” Encourages devotion in both spiritual and day-to-day matters, paralleling the call to “devote all thy service in Zion.” D. Todd Christofferson, “ Reflections on a Consecrated Life ”   Discusses total dedication to the Lord’s work as the essence of discipleship. Henry B. Eyring, “ Where Is the Pavilion? ”   Ensign,  Nov. 2012, 72–75. Explores how divine companionship remains constant, even when life’s challenges obscure our view of God’s presence. Dallin H. Oaks, “ Focus and Priorities ,”   Ensign,  May 2001, 82–84. On maintaining clarity about spiritual vs. temporal priorities, mirroring the counsel that Joseph concentrate on his “calling” rather than typical secular work. Verse : 10–12 Theme : Being a Witness, Glory in the Lord, Persistence, Divine Enablement Description : Oliver Cowdery is commanded to keep bearing Christ’s name—unceasingly, publicly, and powerfully—while seeking no personal glory. His success hinges on the Lord’s companionship and divine might. This counsel resonates with all believers: Our mission to testify never ends, real honor belongs to the Savior, and true power to accomplish the divine will comes only through His strength. Hebrew/ Greek Insights : “Bear my name” English : “To carry, uphold, or represent” the Lord’s name. Hebrew : נָשָׂא ( nāśāʾ , Strong’s #H5375), “to lift, carry, bear.” Sometimes used in OT contexts of “bearing” or “carrying” something significant (e.g., the Ark of the Covenant). Greek (NT) : φέρω ( pherō , Strong’s #G5342) or βαστάζω ( bastazō , #G941), “to carry, bear, uphold.” Context : Proclaiming the gospel is not a momentary act but an ongoing responsibility—publicly and privately. “He shall not suppose that he can say enough” The eternal nature of the word, an eternal fount that has no end. “Open his mouth” with a “voice of a trump” “Voice of a trump” = clarion call, a loud announcement. Hebrew : שׁוֹפָר ( šōp̄ār ), “shofar” or trumpet (חֲצֹצְרָה  chătsôtsᵉrâh ,  signifying a call to attention or assembly in ancient Israel. Greek: σάλπιγξ ( salpinx ), “trumpet,” often used for proclamations or gathering  ( Revelation 8:2 ). Context: Symbolizes a symbol of gathering and restoration. “Strength … not known among men” Hebrew:  עֹז ( ʿōz ) or חָזַק ( ḥāzaq ) for “strength,” “might.” Frequently implies divine empowerment beyond human ability. Greek:  ἐνδυναμόω ( endynamoō , #G1743), “to be filled with power,” as in Philippians 4:13  (“I can do all things through Christ which strengtheneth me”). Reflection : 1. What spiritual practices—prayer, study,music fasting, temple worship—have helped you feel an empowerment beyond your natural capacity? 2. How do you refocus praise or recognition back to the Lord when you see successes in your Church callings or personal life? Old Testament Trump Imagery Exodus 19:16–19 : At Mount Sinai, the trumpet’s exceeding loudness signified God’s presence and gave instructions to gather. Joshua 6 : The walls of Jericho fall after Israel marches with trumpets—symbolizing decisive spiritual intervention. Joel 2:1 : “Blow ye the trumpet in Zion,” calling the people to repentance and wariness of the coming day of the Lord. New Testament 1 Corinthians 15:52 : “In a moment … at the last trump,” the dead shall be raised. Revelation 8 – 9 , 11 : Trumpet judgments as divine proclamations. Doctrine & Covenants D&C 29:13 : The voice of trump signals the second coming. D&C 88:92 : Last warning given “as with the voice of a trump.” Neil L. Andersen, “ We Talk of Christ ” Encourages members to speak of Christ openly and constantly—akin to “not supposing [we] can say enough.” D. Todd Christofferson, “ Preparing for the Lord’s Return ” While not using “voice of a trump” explicitly, it underscores the urgency of proclaiming and preparing for the Savior’s second coming. Henry B. Eyring, “ Trust in That Spirit Which Leadeth to Do Good ”   Reiterates the need for bold, Spirit-led acts and declarations of the gospel, which parallels the “trumpet” call. David A. Bednar, “ With the Power of God in Great Glory ” Emphasizes the extraordinary capacity granted to Saints who fully immerse themselves in the work—a reflection of “strength such as is not known among men.” Russell M. Nelson, “ Hear Him ”   Ensign/Liahona,  May 2020. Stresses the Lord’s invitation to speak and act in harmony with divine inspiration—similar to the clarion “voice of a trump.” Verse : 13–14 Theme : Preach with Patience and Meekness Description : Urges them to “testify … in all places,” and do so with “patience and meekness,” rather than contention. Reflects the principle that genuine persuasion in the gospel must come from love and gentleness.  Reflection : 1. How do you share truth patiently rather than through argument? 2. When has meekness allowed you to be more effective in bearing testimony? Verse : 15–17 Theme : Shake Dust from Feet, a Witness Description :  The Lord clarifies how His servants are to respond when they face outright rejection or even violence. “Casting off the dust” is a solemn witness that those who persistently reject the truth remove themselves from covenant blessings; this is a revocation of Spirit and they are left to their own devices.  They will suffer the natural consequences of their actions, which is in most cases does not end well.  Calling down vengeance is reserved for divine administration “in [God’s] own due time.” Ultimately, these instructions balance the seriousness of disregarding God’s messengers with the reality that final judgment and justice rest securely in His hands, not ours. Hebrew/ Greek Insights : “Cast off the dust of your fee.” English : Casting dust from one’s feet indicates that sincere work and efforts have been extended.  This is a symbolic act that shows that no further responsibility is required on the part of those called to help. Those who reject divine truth and support will not be forced to receive it against their will. Greek (NT) : Often translated from ἐκτινάσσω ( ektinassō ), “to shake off vigorously” (see Mark 6:11 ). Hebrew : The gesture is not explicit in Old Testament language but parallels the idea of removing all responsibility from oneself. Sodom & Gommorah, Tyre  & Sidon, are significan Biblical communities that suffered devastating consequences for their wickedness and pride. “Cursing instead of a blessing” Hebrew : בְּרָכָה ( bĕrāḵāh ) for “blessing” and קְלָלָה ( qĕlālāh ) for “curse.” A complete reversal: from “blessing” to “curse” if people reject God’s messengers. In several Old Testament passages, the Hebrew root בּרך  ( bārakh ), which typically means “to bless,” appears in a euphemistic or ironic sense where English translations render it as “curse.”  Below are the specific cases most commonly cited: Job 1:5,11 ; 2:5,9 ; 1 Kings 21:10,13 Context : This pronouncement is not petty revenge but a solemn testimony that those who reject the gospel forfeit blessings, and those blessing can in fact be used against them. “Lay hands upon you by violence” Suggests physical assault or attempts to harm. Greek : In Acts 4:3 , we see ἐπέβαλον ἐπ’ αὐτοὺς τὰς χεῖρας ( epebalon  ep’ autous tas cheiras ), “they laid hands on them,” referencing the apostles’ violent arrest. The Lord’s counsel: His servants can rely on divine justice, not vigilantism. “In mine own due time” Emphasizes that retribution or justice belongs to the Lord. Cf. Romans 12:19 : “Vengeance is mine; I will repay, saith the Lord.” Hebrew : עֵת ( ʿēt ) for “time, season.” Reminds us God orchestrates outcomes in His timeline, not ours. “Go to law with thee shall be cursed by the law” Possibly references malicious or groundless lawsuits. Greek : νόμος ( nomos ) for “law.” If used unjustly against the righteous, the abuser may ironically come under condemnation themselves. Cf. D&C 98:21–22  (Lord addresses lawsuits and legal oppression). Reflection : Dust Off and Boundaries How do we balance Christlike patience with knowing when to “shake off the dust,” i.e., set boundaries or move on when someone persistently rejects truth or hurts us? Relying on Divine Justice Verse 16 references commanding potential harm-doers “to be smitten,” though the Lord says He will act “in [His] own due time.” How might you reconcile such strong wording with gospel teachings on love and forgiveness? Lawsuits and Curses In verse 17, the “curse by the law” suggests that those who misuse legal systems for malicious ends will face consequences. How can you approach legal disputes in a way that remains righteous and trustful of the Lord’s higher justice? Modern Applications “Casting off dust” might mean letting go of relationships, social media disputes, or toxic engagements with minimal fruit. Where can you apply this principle prudently to preserve spiritual focus? Luke 10:10–11  – Shaking dust from feet for cities that reject the gospel D&C 60:15  – The same practice reaffirmed Gerrit W. Gong, “ Our Campfire of Faith ” Discusses how the faithful handle rejection or adversity in a gospel-centered manner. D. Todd Christofferson, “ The Divine Gift of Repentance ” While not directly about dust-off or lawsuits, it emphasizes how accountability and turning to God are central to facing conflict or wrongdoing. Quentin L. Cook, “ The Lord is My Light ”   Reassures that the Lord protects and delivers in times of persecution; trust that vengeance or final justice is His. Verse:  18–19 Theme:  Conclusion & Counsel to Press Forward Description: Joseph Smith is reminded that his prophetic role depends on continual reliance  upon the Holy Ghost—both for receiving revelation (“in the very moment”) and expounding scripture. Yet the stark choice remains for listeners: to receive these teachings for a blessing or reject them and invite condemnation. Through these instructions, we see that clarity, immediacy, and accountability define the Lord’s process of revelation and our response to His word. Hebrew/ Greek Insights: “Calling upon God” English : “To invoke, to petition earnestly through prayer.” Hebrew : קָרָא ( qārāʾ ), “to call out,” “cry unto.” Used in OT contexts for prayer or invocation ( Genesis 4:26 , men began to call upon the name of the Lord). Greek (NT) : ἐπικαλέω ( epikaleō ), “to call upon” (e.g., Romans 10:13 ). “Comforter” Greek : παράκλητος ( paraklētos ) = “one called alongside to help, advocate, counselor” ( John 14:26 ). Context : In Restoration scripture, “Comforter” is the Holy Ghost who enlightens minds and imparts revelation. “Expounding all scriptures” English : “To explain thoroughly or interpret.” Greek : διερμηνεύω ( diermēneuō ) or ἐκτίθημι ( ektithēmi ), “to interpret, set forth in detail.” Hebrew : פְּשַׁר  ( pesh-ar ') The interpretation of dreams, in terms of language a possible parallel exists with בָּאַר ( bāʾar , “with light” in a sense “to make plain or illuminate,” Deuteronomy 1:5 ). “It shall be given thee in the very moment” Reflects Christ’s promise: “Take no thought ... it shall be given you in that same hour what ye shall speak” ( Matthew 10:19 ). Emphasizes reliance on immediate inspiration from the Spirit. Reflection: Divine Inspiration in Real Time When have you felt the Holy Ghost give you words “in the very moment”? How does that shape your approach to teaching or leadership? Scriptural Exposition Joseph Smith was told to “expound all scriptures.” Which tools or practices help you better interpret and explain the word of God to others? Cursing vs. Blessing Verse 19 underlines the stark result if people reject divine counsel. How do you maintain a loving invitation for others to receive truth while also acknowledging consequences? Responsibility of the Hearer How do these verses change your perspective on the message-bearer vs. the listener? What is our duty when we encounter truth, either as teachers or recipients? Continual Revelation & “The Very Moment” Matthew 10:19–20 : “It shall be given you … what ye shall speak.” D&C 100:5–6 : “It shall be given you in the very hour” what to say. Expounding Scripture Luke 24:27 : Jesus “expounded” (διερμήνευσεν, diermēneusen ) to the disciples in Emmaus “in all the scriptures the things concerning himself.” D&C 11:21–22 : Obtain God’s word first, then your tongue will be loosed to expound the gospel. Blessing vs. Cursing D&C 63:54 : The Lord withholds certain blessings, and condemnation follows if we do not heed counsel. 2 Nephi 2:7–8 : The law of opposition—blessings come through Christ, but rejection leads to captivity. Accountability of Hearers Ezekiel 33:4–5 : If a warning is sounded, those who ignore it bear the responsibility for the consequences. Elder David A. Bednar, “ The Spirit of Revelation ”   Addresses how revelations come line upon line and sometimes “in the moment.” President Russell M. Nelson, “Revelation for the Church, Revelation for Our Lives” Emphasizes ongoing revelation and how disciples can be ready for promptings. Elder Jeffrey R. Holland, “ The First Great Commandment ” Speaks of teaching the word, feeding His sheep, and relying on the Spirit to proclaim truth effectively. Elder D. Todd Christofferson, “ The Blessing of Scripture ” Explores the power of scriptural exposition and the role of the Holy Ghost in understanding and applying the written word.