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CFM : March 10–16 D&C 20–22  Videos, Podcasts, & Weekly Lesson Material Media Resource Links BYU RSC Library D&C 20-22 Joseph Smith and "The Only True and Living Church" The Book of Mormon as the Keystone of Church Administration "Here Is Wisdom; Yea, to Be a Seer, a Revelator, . . . and a Prophet" Video: Organizing the Church of Christ Come Follow Church History with Lynne Hilton Wilson D&C 20-22 Come Follow Me Kid D&C 20-22 Come Follow Me Scott Woodward & Casey Griffiths D&C 20-22 Come Follow Up D&C 20-22 D&C Historical Background D&C 20-22 Don't Miss This D&C 20-22 Follow Him D&C 20-22 Doctrine & Covenants 20-22 Part 1 • Dr. Casey Griffiths • March 10-16 • Come Follow Me Doctrine & Covenants 20-22 Part 2 • Dr. Casey Griffiths • March 10-16 • Come Follow Me Grounded with Barbara Morgan D&C 20-22 Hurricane Adult Religion Class D&C 20-22 Website Seminary Decks D&C 20:1-36 “His Church” D&C 20:37, 68-79 “Witnesses” D&C 21 “Prophets” Self Reliance Latter Day Kids D&C 20-22 The Old Bicycle | Animated Scripture Lesson for Kids (Come Follow Me: Mar 10-16)   Line Upon Line D&C 20-22 Meridian Magazine Podcast D&C 20-22 Our Mother's Knew It D&C 20-22 Saving Talents D&C 20-22 Scripture Study Central D&C 20-22 Come Follow Me Insights (Doctrine and Covenants 20-22, Mar 1-7) Come Follow Me with Casey Paul Griffiths (Doctrine and Covenants 20-22, Mar 1-7) Come Follow Me: Act in Doctrine (Doctrine and Covenants 20–22, Mar 1–7) Hard Questions in Church History with Lynne Hilton Wilson: Week 10 (D&C 20-22, Mar 1-7) Come Follow Me with Taylor Halverson (Doctrine and Covenants 20-22, Mar 1-7) Doctrine and Covenants 20, with Scott Woodward Come Follow Me with John Hilton III (Doctrine and Covenants 20-22, Mar 1-7) Doctrine and Covenants Contexts: D&C 20 , 21 , and 22  Steven C Harper Doctrine and Covenants Minute: D&C 20 , 21 , and 22  Casey Griffiths Restoration Voices Volume 2: D&C 20 , 21 , and 22  Susan Easton Black Scripture Explorers D&C 20-22 D&C 20-22 Organization of the Church | Scripture Explorers Scripture Gems D&C 20-22 Scripture Insights D&C 20-22 Talking Scripture D&C 20-22 Show Notes The Interpreter Foundation D&C 20-22 Study and Teaching Helps: 2025 Doctrine & Covenants Interpreter Radio Show — February 16, 2025, including Doctrine & Covenants in Context The Eucharist of the Latter-day Saints: The Sacrament in the Broader Christian Context Doctrine and Covenants 21: Metanarrative of the Restoration Interpreting Interpreter : A D&C 21 Deep Dive Come, Follow Me  Study and Teaching Helps — Lesson 10: D&C 20–22 Come, Follow Me  Study and Teaching Helps — Lesson 10: D&C 20–22 Audio Roundtable: Come, Follow Me Doctrine and Covenants Lesson 10 (D&C 20–22) “Remember the New Covenant, Even the Book of Mormon” D&C 16-23 “The Restoration of the Priesthood”: D&C 13; 20:38-67; 27:12-13; 84:6-30; 107:1-20; 110:11-16; Joseph Smith—History 1:66-73 Scripture Roundtable: Book of Mormon Gospel Doctrine Lesson 1, “The Keystone of Our Religion” Scripture Roundtable: D&C Gospel Doctrine Lesson 8, The Restoration of the Priesthood Scripture Roundtable: D&C Gospel Doctrine Lesson 9, "The Only True and Living Church" Scripture Roundtable: Old Testament Gospel Doctrine Lesson 12, “Fruitful in the Land of My Affliction” Scripture Roundtable: D&C Gospel Doctrine Lesson 4, "Remember the New Covenant, Even the Book of Mormon" Scripture Roundtable: D&C Gospel Doctrine Lesson 8 (2013) Scripture Roundtable: D&C Gospel Doctrine Lesson 9 (2013) D&C 21, George Albert Smith, and Hugh B. Brown: A Fresh Look at Three Incidents in Church History The Red Crystal D&C 20-22 The Scriptures are Real D&C 20-22 Unshaken D&C 20-22 Resources and Insights for this Week's Lesson   From Foundation and Frame to Filling and Function Over the last few lessons, we looked closely at how Doctrine and Covenants 18 and 19 establish Christ as the foundation of the restored gospel, helping us to get a greater appreciation for the worth of souls and the pattern of the covenant path. We also discussed how those sections provide a frame—an essential outline—for implementing Christ’s saving work in our own lives as we observe how the builders of this dispensation utilized this pattern for the construction of the fledgling Church. Now, as we turn to Doctrine and Covenants 20–22, we see the early Saints filling in that framework with the day-to-day structure, responsibilities, and ordinances required for a living, growing church. In these sections: D&C 20 (the “Articles and Covenants”) outlines foundational doctrines, identifies priesthood offices and duties, and details the mode of key ordinances like baptism and the sacrament. D&C 21 spotlights the day of the Church’s actual organization, calling Joseph Smith as prophet, seer, and revelator—and urging the Saints to heed his words. D&C 22 tackles questions about rebaptism and underscores the need for valid priesthood authority and a new, everlasting covenant. Think of this progression like one would approach constructing a home. In previous lessons, we poured the concrete foundation (Jesus Christ’s Atonement and gospel) and raised a frame (the structure of repentance, baptism, and covenants). This week, we watch as the Saints add the “rooms” of priesthood duties, the “plumbing” of ordinances, and the “finishes” of authorized membership, thereby making the house fully functional—a Church capable of receiving, nurturing, and blessing souls. By studying these sections, we come to appreciate that a strong spiritual home needs both a divine foundation and the correct organizational features. With Christ at the center, and priesthood authority and covenantal living interwoven throughout, the Restoration is not just a doctrinal ideal but a practical, lived reality—offering us a place to “dwell” with God through our collective worship, service, and fellowship. Interestingly, the process of establishing Christ’s restored Church—laying a foundation, raising a frame, and then filling it with functions and features—isn’t just an organizational model for 1830. It’s also a powerful pattern that we can emulate in our families and personal lives today. As we study these sections, we might ask: How do I take the framework of faith in Christ and priesthood authority and fill it with meaningful functions for my own life and home? Building a Family Motto and Crest Many years ago, our family experienced a practical application of this concept. While working with my kids, I found an article describing how one family created a “Family Motto and Theme,” and they made it a centerpiece in their home. They even organized a special family retreat around the process, as they wanted this to be something their children would always remember. The article suggested all sorts of ideas—boot camps, crafts, scenic trips, funny quotes—but ultimately, the mission was to focus their family time on forging a collective mission. I was intrigued with this idea and brought it up to see if there was any interest. My kids were excited about it, and they started coming up with ideas immediately.  My husband and I made this a regular topic during our FHE, exploring different themes and ideas together as we planned a special getaway where we could solidify our motto and mission statement— this was like raising the frame or flag of our “family identity,” if you will.  We played with several ideas, and we were leaning towards a family “boot camp.” My husband served in the military, and we had several fun ideas for our retreat that made the idea tempting. However, our focus quickly changed when a couple in our ward, the Teams, who had been newly called as Family History Specialists, offered to help us explore our ancestry during one of our Family Home Evenings. During their visit, we pulled up our family lines, and we discovered several family crests from long-ago ancestors. The kids were excited about all the heraldic symbols and colors. That spark led us to create our own family crest as part of our motto and theme.  We began to explore and weave together different elements from the family crests we found, and this became the centerpiece of our “Knight Theme” retreat. We spent months learning about the significance of different symbols, colors, shield shapes, and the meaning of names and words, which all fed perfectly into creating a motto that reflected our faith, unity, and family values. Through that process, we developed a new appreciation for symbols and design—and how symbols can be used to unite a group around a common identity and mission. The entire effort also gave each family member a role and purpose: we truly built our “house” together, as we created this shared motto, filling it with the values and visual reminders that meant something to each of us. Parallels with the Organization of the Church To a small extent, this was similar to what the early Saints did in April 1830. They had their foundation (Jesus Christ) and the frame (the newly published Book of Mormon, priesthood authority, and covenant ordinances conferred by heavenly messengers). Yet, they also needed to fill their newly established church with clear doctrines, offices, and expectations. Just as my family researched the crests of our ancestors, the early Saints studied the patterns and organization of the ancient church. D&C 20 (the “Articles and Covenants”) served as their “Family Motto” and “Crest,” so to speak—laying out a shared identity, essential beliefs, and the day-to-day practices that would shape them. D&C 21 confirmed Joseph Smith’s status as the “head of household,” a seer and prophet, and taught the people to heed his words. D&C 22 clarified the requirement for “membership” under the new covenant, echoing how, in our families, we “covenant” to uphold shared standards and unify under God’s pattern. In both this personal story and the Church’s founding, we can see how symbolic elements (like a family crest, sacred symbols, essential ordinances, and callings) can bind us together as a cohesive community and how an organized vision or motto can unify people under a shared purpose. We must remember that each family member or Church member has a significant contribution to make—be that designing a crest, giving a talk, serving in a calling, or actively sustaining the prophet. These jobs, quests, and missions all help us to feel like we belong. Applying It to Our Homes and Communities Just as Joseph and Oliver discovered, a solid spiritual home needs a divine blueprint (Christ’s gospel), the authority to implement it (priesthood keys and living ordinances), and real-life applications (commandments, rules, callings, record-keeping, etc.). At home, we can apply similar principles in meaningful ways: Lay the foundation by centering everything on Christ—scripture study, prayer, mutual love, and respect. Raise the frame by establishing clear and intentional goals that outline who we want to become as disciples. Fill in the structure with everyday applications—family councils, home evenings, and personal habits and traditions that bring our goals to life (service projects, genealogical research, fun family activities, supporting one another's individual interests and talents, planning quality time, encouraging educational pursuits, etc). By doing so, we ensure our families aren’t just a loose collection of individuals sharing space, but a united community. Yes, we might not always get along—we may have different opinions, practices, or preferences, and sometimes we need to adapt to differing needs or circumstances. Yet God blesses us with varied talents, skills, resources, and perspectives—true gifts that can help us address challenges and strengthen our homes. Ultimately, as we unite under a shared purpose and an eternal vision, we learn how to love and be loved; we discover how each of us fits into something greater than ourselves (flaws and all) as we serve and are served, as we learn to repent and forgive, as we continually choose to be one—to be whole through the power of Christ’s infinite Atonement. This brings harmony; this brings peace. Above all, we gain the assurance that there is always a home for us, if not within our earthly family, as part of God’s eternal family if we choose Him.   D&C STUDY GUIDE Some Ways You Can Use This Study Guide Personal Study:  Read each verse (or group of verses) in D&C 10 , then refer to the chart’s central themes, description, and biblical/Hebrew/Greek insights. Copy and paste desired sections and links into your Scripture notes using your LDS Tools.  Add any additional insights and incorporate these into your personal collection, keeping the things you want to have easily accessible in one place. Teaching Settings:  Present each row as an opportunity for discussion points. Invite learners to visit CFMCorner.com so they can come to class prepared to share things they discovered while exploring the available resources and cross-references. Encourage them to share their insights.  As time permits, some Hebrew/Greek terms  are provided as cross-references to deepen understanding of linguistic or cultural context. However, this represents only a tiny sampling of what is available and waiting to be discovered.  Dive in and enjoy the available resources.   Doctrine and Covenants 20 Overview Called the “Articles and Covenants of the Church,” D&C 20 lays out fundamental doctrines (Creation, Fall, Atonement) and the official procedures for baptism, sacrament, priesthood offices, and Church membership. Historically, these verses were prepared in final form soon after April 6, 1830, but parts of it may trace back to summer or fall of 1829, reflecting instructions given in the lead-up to the Church’s establishment. The text served as a guiding document for new converts, clarifying how worship services, sacrament, priesthood ordinations, and disciplinary processes should function. Timeframe & Setting Date: Possibly formalized shortly after the official organization (April 1830). Components may derive from mid-1829 revelations (see Joseph Smith Papers, “Articles and Covenants, circa April 1830”). Location: Near or at Fayette, New York, in the Peter Whitmer Sr. home. Context: The Church needed a clear statement of faith, ordinances, and governance—a blueprint for how the newly formed community would operate, fulfilling the command to “build up my church” (see Revelations in Context “Build Up My Church”). Key Circumstances Having the Book of Mormon completed and published. This record was the “fulness of the gospel” and a key witness in D&C 20:8–11 that God still speaks. Joseph’s own experiences receiving divine authority (Aaronic & Melchizedek Priesthood). The April 6, 1830 meeting established the Church legally and spiritually, so a formal document was needed to unify and guide the saints under “common consent.” Purpose of the Revelation To testify that the Book of Mormon stands as divine evidence of the Restoration (vv. 8–16). To declare foundational doctrines: the nature of God, the Creation, the Fall, the role of Jesus Christ’s Atonement, and the means of salvation through faith, repentance, baptism, and endurance. To outline membership requirements, essential ordinances (baptism, sacrament), and priesthood duties—structuring the “Church of Christ” in the last days. Significance Establishes the earliest official “handbook” of the Church, detailing not just doctrines but also daily practices (how to baptize, confirm, ordain, and conduct meetings). Grounds the Church’s identity in a gospel continuum that stretches from Adam’s time (cf. “Keystone of Church Administration”) to the present, reaffirming that “God does inspire men … as well as in generations of old” (v. 11). Showcases that the Restoration didn’t discard biblical truths but “proved” them, fulfilling older patterns of priesthood and covenant. Main Topics and Themes from D&C 20 Major Topics & Themes Resources & Links Verses 1–4: Theme:   The Rise of the Church : Joseph & Oliver Called Description:  This revelation, received on the "sixth day of April … eighteen hundred and thirty," marks the formal organization of the Church. It specifically appoints Joseph and Oliver as the first and second elders. Joseph’s deliberate wait for this precise date—speculated by some to hold symbolic significance (even possibly aligning with Jesus’ birthday)—underscores the divine timing behind the Church’s rise.  Hebrew/Greek insights:   Qûm  (קום) : Meaning “rise” or “stand up.” In passages like Isaiah 60:1 (“Arise, shine”), it invites God’s people out of darkness into a new era, symbolizing transformation and divine mandate. Anístēmi  (ἀνίστημι) : Translates as “to arise” or “come forth,” linking the idea of rising with the renewal of life—much like the resurrection. Egeírō  (ἐγείρω) : Means “to awaken” or “raise up,” suggesting an active stirring into purpose by divine power. Together, these words reveal that the “rise” of the Church is not merely a human institution but a divinely ordained resurrection and renewal.   Reflection :   -“To arise” often connects with resurrection or rebirth. How do you see the Restoration or “rise” of the Church reflecting a spiritual “resurrection” from a time of darkness or apostasy? How can this perspective shape how you participate in building the kingdom today? Why Was the Church Organized in Fayette, New York? Build Up My Church The Rise of The Church of Christ  Saints, Volume 1 The Book of Mormon as the Keystone of Church Administration Fayette: The Place the Church was Organized The Articles and Covenants of the Church of Christ and the Book of Mormon Founding Meeting of the Church of Christ Religious Beliefs in Joseph Smith’s Day Was the Book of Mormon Used as the First Church Administrative Handbook? Clear as the Sun—Fair as the Moon Joseph Smith Papers: “Articles and Covenants”  showing historical details. - D&C 21 (received the same day) calls Joseph “seer, translator, prophet.”  10 reasons why April 6 is significant in Church history Was April 6th Jesus’ Birthday? Verses 5–16:   Theme: The Book of Mormon, Witness & Restoration Description:    This section emphasizes that all—prophets, leaders, and every believer—must rely on the process of repentance. It testifies to the truth of the Book of Mormon, confirming that God still calls prophets in modern times (v. 11) and continues to inspire His Gospel through angelic ministrations. Receiving the Book of Mormon by faith is portrayed as a choice with eternal consequences: those who accept His work in faith and righteousness will receive a crown of eternal life (as echoed in James 1:12 , Rev 2:10 , and D&C 25:15 , with “crown” rendered in Hebrew as עֲטָרָה ( ʻăṭârâh ) and in Greek as στέφανος stéphanos ).   Reflection :   -D&C 20:5–8 reminds us that even prophets and leaders have needed repentance. How does this universal need for repentance shape your view of Church leadership, and how might it encourage greater compassion for yourself and others? Russell M. Nelson, “ The Book of Mormon: What Would Your Life Be Like Without It? ” Jeffrey R. Holland, “Safety for the Soul” Ezra Taft Benson, “ The Book of Mormon—Keystone of Our Religion ” Where Does the Book of Mormon Declare the First Principles and Ordinances of the Gospel? Verses 17–29 : Theme: Core Doctrines: Creation, Fall, Atonement Description:  Identifies God as infinite and eternal, the framer of heaven and earth (note previous lessons about building our frames on the foundation of Jesus Christ). Summarizes God’s plan: Creation of man & woman (v. 18), the Fall (v. 20), the necessity of Christ’s Atonement (vv. 21–25). - Doctrine that “Father, Son, and Holy Ghost are one God, infinite and eternal” (v. 28) clarifies the unity of the Godhead, not a Trinitarian creedal concept but a divine community of will and purpose. Hebrew/Greek insights:  (see lessons D&C 3-5 ,   Moroni 7-9 , and   Section 18 , Section 19 Reflection :   -The passage describes God as the “framer of heaven and earth” and ties in Creation, Fall, and Atonement. In what ways can recognizing God as both Creator and Redeemer help us “build” our lives — reinforcing the idea of a frame set upon the foundation of Jesus Christ that we have discussed in previous lessons? Articles of Faith 1:2–4 , how the Church teaches the Fall and Atonement. 2 Nephi 2:25–27 : Expands on the relationship between Creation, Fall, and Atonement, teaching that “Adam fell that men might be.” Alma 42 : Clarifies justice, mercy, and Christ’s atoning role in overcoming the consequences of the Fall. Moses 1:39 : Declares God’s work and glory is “to bring to pass the immortality and eternal life of man.” D&C 93:29–32 : Emphasizes our divine origins, the role of agency, and the potential for eternal progression through Christ. Dallin H. Oaks, “ The Great Plan ” Russell M. Nelson, “ The Atonement ” Jeffrey R. Holland, “ Where Justice, Love, and Mercy Meet ” “ The Three Pillars of Eternity ” Bruce R. McConkie, video In the Beginning Image of God How Can One Overcome the Natural Man? (Mosiah 3:19) What Makes Mankind an Enemy to God? (Mosiah 3:19) How Are the Book of Mormon’s Teachings About the Godhead Unique? How is Christ Both the Father and the Son? Verses 29–36   Theme: Repentance, Justification, Sanctification Description:   This segment introduces the tension between grace and works. Men are commanded to “repent and believe on the name of Jesus Christ” (v. 29), yet salvation is made possible only “through the grace of our Lord… [which] is just and true” (vv. 30–31). The text warns that “man may fall from grace” (v. 32), countering predestinarian ideas common in some religious beliefs of Joseph Smith’s day. It outlines a sequential yet overlapping process: Justification ( Dikaíōsis , Tsadaq ) :  A forensic, legal declaration that we are “not guilty” in God’s court. Sanctification ( hagiazo , Qadash ) :  An ongoing, internal transformation that sets us apart as holy. Reflection :   -D&C 20:30–31 describes both justification (a legal declaration of righteousness) and sanctification (a spiritual transformation). How do you see these two acts playing out in your own life? Do you experience them as separate moments, or do they blend in ongoing patterns of growth and repentance? Romans 5:1–5 ; Romans 8:28–30 : Paul’s classic teaching on being justified through faith and called to be conformed to Christ’s image. Moroni 10:32–33 : The synergy of grace leading to both remission of sins (justification) and becoming “perfected in Christ” (sanctification). Leviticus 20:7–8 : The command to “sanctify yourselves … for I am the Lord your God,” linking qadash  with covenant faithfulness. Bruce R. McConkie, “ The Three Pillars of Eternity ”  ( Ensign , November 1981) Though centered on Creation, Fall, and Atonement, Elder McConkie also touches upon how we personally receive the effects of Christ’s redemption—both justification and sanctification. Brad Wilcox, “ His Grace Is Sufficient ”  (BYU Devotional, July 2011) Explains how grace overcomes guilt (justification) and transforms the repentant heart (sanctification). D. Todd Christofferson, “ The Divine Gift of Repentance ” Discusses how repentance paves the way for both “not guilty” status before God and a deeper change of heart. Why Does Jesus Say that “Ye Must Watch and Pray Always”? Verse 37   Theme: Baptismal Requirements Description:   This verse emphasizes that those desiring baptism must come forth with “broken hearts and contrite spirits.” It calls for deep, sincere repentance and a determination to serve, ensuring that the individual approaches the covenant of baptism with genuine humility. This requirement ties closely with D&C 22, which addresses the need for re-baptism of those previously baptized without proper authority—reflecting the idea that only those who truly repent and are spiritually prepared may enter the new covenant. Hebrew/Greek insights:  Broken Heart Hebrew: לֵב נִשְׁבָּר ( lêv   nishbar ) Greek: καρδία συντετριμμένη ( kardía   syntetrimménē ) Meaning: Literally “heart broken” or “a heart shattered.” Contrite Spirit Hebrew: רוּחַ נִדְכָּה ( rûaḥ   nidkāh ) or רוּחַ נִשְׁבֶּרֶת (rûaḥ ni shbér et) Greek: πνεῦμα τεταπεινωμένον ( pneûma  te tapeinō ménon) Meaning: A “spirit made low” or “deeply humbled.” Context: Connotes a spirit stripped of pride, fully dependent on God’s grace. Reflection:   -In what ways do you see a “broken heart and contrite spirit” shaping your approach to repentance and discipleship? -How might genuine humility (being “broken” of pride) and a contrite spirit invite the influence of the Holy Ghost more fully into your life? Psalm 51:17 : “The sacrifices of God are a broken spirit: a broken and a contrite heart, O God, thou wilt not despise.” Isaiah 57:15 : The Lord dwells “with him also that is of a contrite and humble spirit.” 3 Nephi 9:20 : The Lord accepts no more burnt offerings, but commands “a broken heart and a contrite spirit.” Moroni 6:2 : Covenants and repentance before baptism must be sincere, reflective of a broken heart and contrite spirit. D&C 59:8 : Emphasizes offering a sacrifice of a broken heart and contrite spirit. D&C 19:15–20 : Urges heartfelt repentance, highlighting the seriousness of sin and the need for humility. Bruce D. Porter, “ A Broken Heart and a Contrite Spirit ” (October 2007) Jeffrey R. Holland, “ Broken Things to Mend ” (April 2006) Dale G. Renlund, “ Repentance: A Joyful Choice ” (October 2016) Henry B. Eyring, “ Come unto Me ” (April 2013) Elder Neal A. Maxwell October 1995 conference talk “ Deny Yourselves of All Ungodliness ” ,   “Real, personal sacrifice never was placing an animal on the altar. Instead, it is a willingness to put the animal in us  upon the altar and letting it be consumed !” Why Did Joseph and Oliver Seek Authority to Baptize? Why Did Jesus Tell All People to Sacrifice a Broken Heart and a Contrite Spirit? At Baptism, What Do We Covenant to Do? Verses 38–67 Theme: Duties of Priesthood Offices Description:  Lays out the responsibilities of elders, priests, teachers, and deacons. “An apostle is an elder” (v. 38), bridging to the concept that those ordained hold the fullness of the Melchizedek Priesthood. - “Take the lead of all meetings” (v. 44) references the elder’s presiding function. Hebrew/Greek insights:   Elder Hebrew: זָקֵן ( zāqēn ) Basic meaning: “Elder,” “aged,” “one advanced in age”; came to denote local leaders or respected heads of communities in Old Testament Israel (e.g., Deuteronomy 21:1–9). Greek: πρεσβύτερος ( presbýteros ) Basic meaning: “Older,” “senior,” “elder,” used in the New Testament to designate presiding officers in the early Christian church (Acts 14:23, Titus 1:5). Priest Hebrew: כֹּהֵן ( kōhēn ) Basic meaning: “Priest,” especially among the Levites in ancient Israel; officiated in temple worship, sacrifices, and religious instruction (Numbers 18). Greek: ἱερεύς ( hiereús ) Basic meaning: “Priest,” found in references to Jewish temple priests and also for Christ as High Priest in the Epistle to the Hebrews (Hebrews 7). Teacher The Hebrew or Greek Bible does not designate an exact “teacher office” akin to D&C 20. However, these are relevant words for “teach” or “teacher”: Hebrew “teach”: יָרָה ( yārāh ) Meaning: “To throw, shoot, point, instruct,” from which we get Torah  (תּוֹרָה, “teaching, law”). Greek: διδάσκαλος ( didáskalos ) Meaning: “Teacher,” “instructor,” “doctor,” used for both Jesus (John 13:13) and those gifted to instruct in the church (Ephesians 4:11). Deacon Hebrew : שָׁרַת ( Shirath ) Meaning: “Servant,” “minister,” "caretaker," "waiter." Greek: διάκονος ( diákonos ) Meaning: “Servant,” “minister,” “one who renders help.” In the New Testament, deacons assisted with temporal and administrative needs in local congregations ( Acts 6:1–7 ). Seventy Hebrew “seventy”: שִׁבְעִים ( šib‘îm ) Meaning: “Seventy.” Found in Numbers 11:16–17 when the Lord instructed Moses to gather seventy elders to help govern Israel. Greek “seventy”: ἑβδομήκοντα ( hebdomḗkonta ) Meaning: “Seventy.” Used in Luke 10:1,17 for the seventy disciples Christ sent out in pairs. Significance for D&C 20:38–67 Elders, Priests, Teachers, and Deacons: The Restoration offices in D&C 20 connect to ancient patterns of church governance. The Hebrew and Greek terms illustrate how these roles have scriptural precedent. The Seventy: Though not explicitly named in D&C 20, the concept of the Seventy is rooted in the same scriptural tradition—Numbers 11 (seventy elders to help Moses) and Luke 10 (seventy disciples sent by Christ). By examining these words, we see that the organizational structure in D&C 20 is not a novelty but a restoration of ancient, divinely sanctioned patterns. Reflection :   -How does having multiple priesthood offices (elder, priest, teacher, deacon, Seventy, etc.) strengthen the Church as a whole? In what ways can each office’s unique duties contribute to unity rather than duplication or competition? -Why might the Lord continually use similar leadership patterns (like a “Seventy”) across different dispensations (Moses, Christ’s mortal ministry, the modern Restoration)? What does that say about God’s approach to administering His people? -Numbers 11 shows Moses was overwhelmed until God appointed seventy elders to help. How might we likewise apply principles of delegation, teamwork, or shared service in our own families and Church responsibilities? -Elders, priests, teachers, deacons, and seventies are called “by prophecy and by the laying on of hands.” What experiences have you had—or observed—where this calling from God has brought spiritual authority and power to accomplish His work? -President Russell M. Nelson taught that women should more fully learn about priesthood doctrines and actively seek to draw on the power of God in their daily lives. How can you personally deepen your understanding of the priesthood and intentionally tap into its spiritual power—both for your own growth and to bless the people around you? Common Consent What Did the Book of Mormon Teach Early Church Leaders about the Order and Offices of the Priesthood? What Does the Book of Mormon Teach about the Priesthood? Numbers 11:16–17 Details the calling of seventy elders to assist Moses in governing Israel, laying a biblical foundation for collaborative leadership. Luke 10:1,17 Jesus appoints seventy disciples, sending them two by two—mirroring Moses’ model but in a New Testament context. Ephesians 4:11–13 Lists various church leadership roles (apostles, prophets, evangelists, pastors, teachers) given “for the perfecting of the saints.” D&C 107:25–26 Explains the role of the Seventy in the latter-day Church, assisting the Twelve Apostles in preaching the gospel. Article of Faith 5 & 6 (5) “Called of God ... by those who are in authority”; (6) “We believe in the same organization that existed in the Primitive Church ….” Both highlight the continuity of offices and proper calling. Elder D. Todd Christofferson, “ The Doctrine of the Priesthood ” Elder Jeffrey R. Holland, “ The Ministry of Reconciliation ” President Gordon B. Hinckley, “ May We Be Faithful and True ” Elder Ronald A. Rasband, “ Behold! A Royal Army ” “ Spiritual Treasures ,”  given by President Russell M. Nelson  “I plead with you to teach our sisters … about the power of God and how to draw upon that power. … I pray that you, my dear sisters … will read the scriptures and read everything you can about the priesthood to learn of the priesthood and discover what the Holy Ghost will teach you.” What Does the Book of Mormon Teach about Families? Is there Precedent for General Conference in the Book of Mormon? Verses 68–74 Theme: Membership Duties, Blessing Children, Baptism Mode Description:    This section teaches that: Elders/priests should instruct new members before they partake of the sacrament and receive confirmation, ensuring that each person fully understands their covenant. Infants are to be blessed rather than baptized. Only those who have reached an age of accountability—those who can understand and choose the covenant—should be baptized. This teaching both safeguards the innocence of children and emphasizes the importance of personal agency in accepting the gospel. Moroni 8 Condemns infant baptism, teaching that “little children need no repentance, neither baptism,” for they are “alive in Christ.” This reflects an older tradition that accountability arises only when a child can knowingly sin, consistent with the Mosaic or biblical precedent of accountability after childhood. Mormon 8 Similarly emphasizes that God holds children innocent until they can “know good from evil.” Luke 2:41–52 Christ in the temple at age 12 is often seen as a biblical antecedent to the concept of bar mitzvah, highlighting a moment of spiritual responsibility. D&C 68:25–27 Specifically designates eight  as the “age of accountability,” instructing parents to prepare children for baptism. D&C 20:70–71 Instructs that young children are to be blessed, not baptized until they can understand and repent. Genesis 17:10–12 Covenant of circumcision, linking the eighth day with a symbolic new beginning, reminiscent of how “eight years” in the Restoration parallels new spiritual starts. Cheryl A Esplin, “ Teaching Children to Understand ”   Explores how parents can help children internalize gospel principles well before they reach accountability. Russell M. Nelson, “ Let God Prevail !”  “ The Gathering of Scattered Israel ” While not exclusively about childhood covenants, it underscores teaching and preparing the rising generation to make sacred choices and be accountable. David A. Bednar, “ Watchful unto Prayer Continually ”   Discusses the importance of spiritual vigilance from a young age and how consistent parental guidance fosters accountability. Devin G. Durrant, “ Teaching in the Home—A Joyful and Sacred Responsibility ”   Reminds parents and leaders how daily instruction and example help children embrace covenants when they come of age. Why Did Moroni Include Mormon’s Condemnation of Infant Baptism? Why Did the Lord Quote the Book of Mormon When Reestablishing the Church? Verses 75-79   Theme: Sacrament Prayers Description:   Emphasizes the necessity of frequent sacrament meetings (v. 75) to remain spiritually nourished.  Provides the exact sacrament prayers (vv. 77, 79).  Hebrew/Greek insights:   “Bless and Sanctify” Hebrew : Barak (בָּרַךְ) → “to bless,” “to kneel.” Qadash ( קָדַשׁ ) → “to sanctify,” “to make holy,” “to set apart.” In Hebrew, there are two words primarily used for “bless”  Barak and Asher.  Barak is primarily used to indicate a blessing that is bestowed through the idea of covenant adoption, such as those outlined in the Abrahamic or New and Everlasting covenant. This term frequently appears when God bestows covenant promises or when individuals pronounce a God-given blessing that aligns with covenant conditions. These are blessings that are not earned, but they are divinely endowed according to God’s grace and mercy.  On the other hand, ’Ashar / ’Ashre (אָשַׁר / אַשְׁרֵי) H835 means  “Happy,” “fortunate,” “blessed” in the sense of being favored.  This is the word we see with Psalm 1:1, or the blessing style of the beatitudes, where happiness and blessings are a direct result of personal choices and righteous living.  These are two very different concepts that in many ways align with our earlier study of justification vs. sanctification.  Greek : Eulogeō (εὐλογέω) → "good word," “to bless,” “to speak well of,” used in prayer contexts. Hagiazo (ἁγιάζω) → “to consecrate,” “make holy.” Connection : Asking God to “bless and sanctify” the bread and wine/water signals a moment of complete consecration—setting these physical emblems apart for a higher and holier purpose.. Reflection :   -When you think of “blessing,” do you typically envision God bestowing something on you (barak), or do you think of it more as the happy result of righteous living (’ashre)? How might recognizing both aspects enrich your perspective on God’s gifts? -Barak can signify being “adopted” into God’s covenant. In what ways do you feel personally adopted or claimed by the Lord through covenants—such as baptism, temple ordinances, or other promises? Why Must Christ’s True Church Be Called after His Name? Cross-Reference : Moroni 4 – 5  for parallel sacrament prayers.  Genesis 12:2–3 God “blessed” (barak) Abraham with a covenant that would affect all nations. Demonstrates the idea of a formal, divine bestowal. Genesis 24:60 Rebekah’s family “blessed” (barak) her, conferring generational promises. Reflects patriarchal bestowal of covenant promises. Psalm 1:1 “Blessed (’ashre) is the man …” clarifying the state  of one who lives righteously rather than a direct pronouncement. Psalm 119:1–2 Similar usage of ’ashre (“Blessed are the undefiled … blessed are they that keep his testimonies”). Emphasizes a condition of happiness or well-being from obedience. Hebrew term "ashre," meaning "blessed" or "happy," finds a parallel in the Latin "beati," via the Greek makários  (μακάριος). In Christ’s Sermon on the Mount, he intentionally references these Old Testament Themes. Alma 13:2–5   Discusses priesthood as a divine bestowal (akin to barak’s covenant dimension) and the blessings that come from faith and obedience. Elder Jeffrey R. Holland, “ Abide in Me ” Speaks on the covenant relationship we have with the Savior and how blessings flow from that abiding tie. Elder D. Todd Christofferson, “ The Power of Covenants ” Explores how divine covenants involve more than just feeling fortunate; they include God’s bestowal of spiritual power and accountability. Elder Neil L. Andersen, “ Children ” . While focusing on family, underscores the idea that God’s blessings to children are often conferred in a covenant framework, showing real bestowal of identity and protection. President M. Russell Ballard, “ Return and Receive ” Addresses how returning to God requires recognizing the blessings (covenant bestowals) and acting upon them to achieve the promised “state” of blessedness. Where did Moroni Get the Sacramental Prayers from? Verses 80-84 Theme: Church Discipline and Ecclesiastical Endorsements Description:  - Through these instructions, the Lord formalizes how the Church handles ecclesiastical discipline , membership tracking, and letters of recommendation —echoing patterns from both Jewish and Christian traditions. Psalm 69:28 ; Exodus 32:33 Speaks of names “blotted out” of God’s book. A biblical parallel to removing someone’s name from the record for unrepented transgression. Revelation 3:5 Mentions that those who overcome shall not have their names blotted out of the book of life. Reinforces the concept of covenant standing reflected in a divine “record.” 1 Corinthians 5:1–5 Example of church discipline in Paul’s day, where a serious sin required action to protect the congregation’s spiritual health. 2 Corinthians 3:1 Paul references “letters of commendation,” echoing the idea that traveling believers or leaders carried epistles verifying their faithful standing. D&C 68:4 Though broader than membership records, reaffirms how official communications are recognized as binding when given by proper authority. Ties to the importance of legitimate endorsements. James E. Faust, “ The Weightier Matters of the Law: Judgment, Mercy, and Faith ” Explores how church discipline and mercy can coexist, applying the “weightier matters” to decision-making in the kingdom. Ronald A. Rasband, “ Standing with the Leaders of the Church ” Emphasizes that following proper channels in the Church fosters unity and trust, relevant to membership oversight. Russell M. Nelson, “ We Can Do Better and Be Better ” Though not directly on church discipline, President Nelson discusses accountability and personal responsibility within our covenant relationships. Doctrine and Covenants 21 Overview Received April 6, 1830, at the Church’s first official meeting in Fayette, New York. Declares Joseph Smith to be “a seer, a translator, a prophet, an apostle of Jesus Christ,” and instructs members to heed his words as though from God’s mouth. Solidifies Joseph’s role as the presiding elder, with Oliver Cowdery also recognized as apostle/elder under Joseph’s hand. Timeframe & Setting Given on the exact day of organization (see Joseph Smith Papers: Revelation, 6 April 1830). Reflects the same impetus: (1) legal incorporation under New York law, (2) formal spiritual conferral of offices, and (3) administration of the sacrament and confirmation of members. Key Circumstances The saints had just expressed unanimous consent to receive Joseph and Oliver as presiding officers (the principle of common consent). Joseph and Oliver then ordained each other as elders, partook of the sacrament with the small congregation, and conferred the Holy Ghost upon each member individually. Purpose of the Revelation Authoritatively establish Joseph’s calling as the primary revelator for the Church. Instruct members to receive his teachings “in all patience and faith,” promising that doing so would protect them from the “powers of darkness.” Emphasize the new Church’s reliance on living prophets, not solely on scripture, bridging the concept of continuous revelation. Significance This becomes the scriptural foundation for Joseph Smith’s role: seer, prophet, translator, and apostle. Introduces the principle that members are to regard the prophet’s words as God’s words if he speaks by the Holy Ghost. Ties leadership authority directly to Christ’s command, ensuring that new revelation is recognized as binding on the Church. Main Topics and Themes from D&C 21 Major Topics & Themes Resources & Links Verses 1–3: Theme: Record-Keeping, Joseph Called as Seer, Translator, Prophet Description:  The Lord commands that “a record [be] kept among you,” emphasizing the importance of preserving revelations, organizational minutes, etc. Joseph is declared a “seer,” “translator,” “prophet,” “apostle,” “elder.” Hebrew/Greek insights:   “A Record Kept Among You” (v. 1) Hebrew: Sēfer (סֵפֶר) = “scroll,” “book,” or “written document.” Biblical usage often deals with covenant texts, genealogies, or official registers (e.g., Nehemiah 7:5; Jeremiah 36). Greek: Biblos (βίβλος) or Bible = “book,” “scroll.” The New Testament sometimes references “it is written,” signifying reliance on official scriptural records (Luke 4:17–20). Connection: In D&C 21:1, the Lord commands that a formal record be kept, akin to biblical precedents where God’s dealings with His people are documented. “Thou Shalt Be Called a Seer, a Translator, a Prophet, an Apostle of Jesus Christ, an Elder of the Church” (v. 1) “Seer” Hebrew:   Rō’eh  (רֹאֶה) "seer" or   ḥōzeh  (חֹזֶה) = “one who sees [visions].” In Restoration usage, “seer” implies receiving divine knowledge not accessible by ordinary means (Mosiah 8:13–17). “Translator” Hebrew פְּשַׁר   pᵉshar  (see Daniel 5:16). Greek ἑρμηνεία   hermēneía  "interpreter" In the Latter-day Saint context, Joseph Smith’s calling as a “translator” goes beyond just language—it includes revealing ancient scriptural texts and truths through divine means (the Urim and Thummim, etc.). “Prophet” Hebrew:   Nabi  (נָבִיא) = “spokesperson,” “one who speaks for God.” Greek:   Prophētēs  (προφήτης) = “one who speaks forth,” “an inspired speaker.” “Apostle of Jesus Christ” Greek:   Apostolos  (ἀπόστολος) = “one who is sent forth.” Section 21 ’Here Is Wisdom; Yea, To Be a Seer, a Revelator, . . . and a Prophet D&C 21, George Albert Smith, and Hugh B. Brown: A Fresh Look at Three Incidents in Church History Oliver Cowdery Peter Whitmer Sr. Why Do We Need Prophets? Why Is It Important to Keep Records? (1 Nephi 9:5) Prophet, Seer, and Revelator How Does the Book of Mormon Help Date the First Christmas? Joseph Smith Papers, 6 April 1830, describing the day’s events. Exodus 17:14 The Lord commands Moses to “write this for a memorial in a book.” Illustrates early scriptural precedent for record-keeping. 1 Samuel 9:9 “He that is now called a Prophet was beforetime called a Seer.” Reflects how scriptural roles of “seer” and “prophet” coincide, tying into Joseph Smith’s calling. Ephesians 2:20 Speaks of the Church being “built upon the foundation of the apostles and prophets, Jesus Christ himself being the chief corner stone.” Echoes D&C 21:2 about “lay[ing] the foundation.” Alma 37:1–14 Describes the responsibility of keeping sacred records so future generations remain aware of God’s dealings. Reinforces the significance of “a record kept.” D&C 27:12 Mentions that Joseph Smith and others would be ordained apostles—another link to the repeated idea of apostolic authority in the Restoration. Pres. Russell M. Nelson, “ Hear Him ” Reviews Joseph Smith’s prophetic calling and how the Lord continues to speak through living oracles—underscoring the relevance of “seer and prophet” today. Elder Jeffrey R. Holland, “ Prophets, Seers, and Revelators ” Explores these distinct roles within the Church’s leadership and how they benefit the whole body of Saints. Elder David A. Bednar, “ The Spirit of Revelation ” Though not specifically about D&C 21, it illuminates how “inspiration of the Holy Ghost” guides the Church’s foundational decisions and personal revelation. Elder D. Todd Christofferson, “ The Blessing of Scripture ” Ties into the necessity of “a record” being kept; modern scripture remains crucial to ongoing revelation and the building of the kingdom. Verses 4–5: Theme: Heed the Prophet’s Words with Patience & Faith Description:  “As if from mine own mouth” (v. 5) sets the pattern for receiving prophetic counsel. - Ties in with D&C 1:38 on how the Lord’s voice and His servants’ voice are the same. Hebrew/Greek insights:   “Give Heed unto All His Words” (v. 4) Hebrew Concepts: Shema  (שָׁמַע): “hear,” “listen,” “heed.” Famous in Deuteronomy 6:4  (“Shema Yisrael”), which connotes not just hearing but obeying and internalizing God’s commands. Shamar  (שָׁמַר): “to keep,” “to watch over,” “to guard carefully.” Also used in contexts of heeding or obeying instructions ( Genesis 26:5 ). Greek Concepts: Akouō  (ἀκούω): “to hear,” “to listen,” “to give attention.” Luke 10:16  says, “He that heareth you heareth me,” paralleling D&C 21:5’s idea. Hypakouō (ὑπακούω, related form): “to heed,” “to obey,” used in passages like Romans 6:16 . “As He Receiveth Them, Walking in All Holiness before Me” (v. 4) Hebrew: Qodesh  (קֹדֶשׁ) = “holiness,” “separatedness.” In the Old Testament, approaching God’s holiness requires consecration ( Exodus 28:36 , “Holiness to the Lord”). Greek: Hagiosunē  (ἁγιωσύνη, from ἅγιος) = “holiness,” “sacredness.” Emphasizes the saintly lifestyle needed to mediate God’s word. This concept echoes the life of Enoch, who, according to Genesis 5:22–24  and Hebrews 11:5 , “walked with God.” Enoch’s example shows that true discipleship is demonstrated by a constant, faithful journey alongside the Lord. Hebrew: הָלַךְ ( halakh ) = “To go,” “to walk,” “to travel.” In many biblical contexts, halakh is used both literally and figuratively. It can denote physical movement (e.g., walking on the earth) as well as a way of life or conduct (e.g., “walk in the light”). Biblical Usage : Genesis 5:24 : “And Enoch walked with God: and he was not; for God took him.” This usage emphasizes an ongoing, intimate fellowship with God—a life characterized by obedience, trust, and continual movement in His presence. “ Common Consent ” : This revelation underlines the newly sustained prophet’s authority. The membership’s acceptance was not merely symbolic; it was binding under God’s pattern. Genesis 5:22–24 “And Enoch walked with God…”  Illustrates the personal covenant relationship that defines a life of faith. Hebrews 11:5 Reinforces Enoch’s exemplary walk with God, underscoring that such intimacy with the Lord is rewarded. Galatians 5:16 “Walk in the Spirit…” Connects the concept of walking with God to living under the guidance of the Holy Ghost. Psalm 1:1–3 Describes the blessed man who “walks in the counsel of the righteous,” tying together the themes of obedience and spiritual flourishing. President Russell M. Nelson, “ We Can Do Better and Be Better ” Encourages active discipleship and emphasizes that our spiritual walk should be one of continuous progress. Elder Jeffrey R. Holland, “ The First Great Commandment ” Talks about the importance of aligning our lives with God’s will, reminding us that our walk with God is a daily, transformative process. Elder D. Todd Christofferson, “ The Joy of the Saints ” Focuses on living the gospel actively, an encouragement to walk in the Spirit and actively pursue righteousness. Elder David A. Bednar, “ Honorably Hold a Name and Standing ”  “ Exceedingly Great and Precious Promises ” Directly addresses the concept of “walking” in a manner worthy of our calling, stressing that our daily conduct should reflect our covenant relationship with God. Verses 6–8: Theme: Blessings for Those Who Follow; Joseph’s Weeping for Zion Description:  The phrase “his weeping … I have seen” (v. 8) reveals Joseph’s deep concern for building Zion. The Lord promises that Joseph’s days of mourning will turn to rejoicing. Historical Context : Joseph faced ridicule, lawsuits, and personal tragedy. This promise of comfort is repeated in revelations throughout 1830–1833 Matthew 16:18  – “And I say also unto thee, That thou art Peter, and upon this rock I will build my church; and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it.” Genesis 5:22–24  – Describes Enoch “walking with God,” setting the example for covenant living. Galatians 5:16  – “Walk in the Spirit, and ye shall not fulfil the lust of the flesh.” Psalm 137:1–2  – Provides a poetic backdrop for how the people experience both sorrow and the need for divine intervention. Isaiah 61:3  – Speaks of replacing mourning with joy, echoing the promise of ending sorrow for Zion. Verses 9–12: Theme: Ordination of Oliver; Charge to Preach Description:  The Lord specifically names Oliver as “mine apostle” and charges him to preach. Joseph remains the “first” elder, Oliver the “second.” The Lord promises all those who labor in his vineyard with a mighty blessing. Jacob 5  – The allegory of the olive tree; a vivid illustration of labor, pruning, and the eventual harvest. Isaiah 5:1–7  – Describes the vineyard of the Lord, emphasizing fruitfulness and the consequences of neglect. John 15:1–8  – Jesus’ metaphor of the vine and the branches, reinforcing the idea of abiding in Him to bear fruit. Matthew 20:1–16  – The parable of the laborers in the vineyard, which speaks to the fairness and grace of God’s kingdom. Galatians 6:9  – Encourages us not to grow weary in doing good, for we shall reap a harvest in due time. Elder Jeffrey R. Holland, “ Labour in the Vineyard ” Discusses the allegory of the vineyard in scripture and its application in our lives, emphasizing both literal and symbolic labor. Elder David A. Bednar, “ Gather Together in One All Things in Christ ” Focuses on the importance of persevering in righteous labor and how this commitment aligns with the divine mysteries revealed through God’s word. The Hermeneutical Framework: The PRDS (Paradise / Garden/ Orchard) Model The 11th-century Hebrew hermeneutical (interpretation/ translation) method known as PRDS  ( P ashat, R eimez, D rash,  S od) was recorded by Rashi in the 11th century. Rashi was a well-respected Rabbi in Jewish Tradition.   This method provides a four-level  approach to scriptural interpretation used in Jewish tradition to help students understand the literal and deeper meanings of scripture. This approach can enrich one's understanding of the “vineyard allegory” used in verse 9 of Section 21, Jacob 5, and throughout Biblical and Book of Mormon symbolism and imagery because this model is based on a “vineyard” allegory.   As an acronym, PRDS is referred to as the “Paradise Model,” and it relates to digging into the texts of scripture to become acquainted with God personally. Some Messianic scholars believe that this, in part, may have been what Christ and Paul were referring to in their statements about Paradise ( παράδεισος   parádeisos , from פַּרְדֵּס  pardêç ), teaching that it is possible to “return to Eden” while still in this life through diligent Torah study. This is a process where one can learn to receive the types of sacred Revelatory experiences described in the Bible by following the PRDS  Pattern.   This concept is quite interesting because one can see many similarities in the Book of Mormon, including Nephi’s Tree of Life allegory ( Nephi and His Asherah ), Jacob’s Vinyard parable, and Alma’s Allegory of the Seed. This appears to be a process that the Book of Mormon writers were familiar with.  Can we see these same types of patterns in Temple work, in our Hero’s Journey, in the Plan of Salvation?  These are interesting questions to ponder. Pashat  (פָּשׁט)  – The Literal Meaning Definition : Pashat is an Arabic adaptation of a Biblical word meaning “strip away.” It is interpreted in this context to mean the “plain,” “simple,” or straightforward interpretation of a text.   Application : When considering “laboring in the vineyard” at its pashat level, we look at it on its surface level.  What do the words say, and what do they mean on a most basic level when we remove the clutter? What is the context and history? One can see this as the literal work and effort required to tend to a vineyard, or study the scriptures—representing a picture of diligent, consistent, and dedicated work and service. ( Origin ) Reimez  (רמז)  – The Allegorical “Hint” Definition : A hint or allusion to a deeper, symbolic meaning. Application : Reimez invites us to see how the vineyard not only represents physical labor but also symbolizes the spiritual condition and promise of fruitfulness in God’s covenant. In some Messianic circles, these are related to the Allegories and Parables of Jesus, which were standard teaching methods during Christ’s time, and were frequently associated with the teachings of Gamaliel, the teacher of Paul (Acts 22:3).   Drash  (דָּרַשׁ)  – The Interpretative Inquiry Definition : The homiletic or interpretive approach draws out lessons and moral teachings from the text itself. This is where one looks for poetic patterns, word plays, cross-references, etc.  From the Biblical root  ד-ר-שׁ , to seek, enquire, investigate, require, search Application : Drash encourages us to inquire and dig deeper—similar to the counsel to seek, ponder, pray, knock. This is the process of asking complex and sincere questions, having a hunger, faith, and desire to receive answers. Sod  (סוֹד)  – The Secret or Mystical Meaning Definition : The hidden, mystical, or secret mystery/ meaning behind the text revealed by the Spirit. Strong’s Number : H5475  (from the root y-s-d יסד “ foundation , ordination”) Application : At the sod level, the vineyard becomes a garden, a symbol of the eternal covenant between God and His people from the beginning, where our labor is rewarded, and we receive answers, physical and spiritual, infused with divine wisdom and revelation—echoing the idea of being welcomed into an intimate circle, a council of divine wisdom, receiving a spiritual rebirth and eternal fruitfulness as we enter back into God’s presence. Doctrine and Covenants 22 Overview Received April 16, 1830 (just 10 days after official organization) to address the question: Do individuals baptized previously in other Christian denominations need to be rebaptized to join the newly formed Church of Christ? The Lord clarifies that prior baptisms, lacking the new and everlasting covenant  and proper authority, are considered “dead works” under the law of Moses. Timeframe & Setting Date & Location : Manchester, New York, April 16, 1830 (see Joseph Smith Papers: Revelation, 16 April 1830). Context : Some new believers, having been immersed in other churches, questioned whether a second immersion was necessary. Joseph sought divine direction. Key Circumstances The standard set in D&C 20:37 had just been spelled out for new members. Yet some believed their prior Christian baptism was “good enough.” Tensions with local ministers and members of other sects underlined the need for an official statement on the matter. Purpose of the Revelation To underscore that authority  from Jesus Christ is necessary for valid baptism. To abolish “old covenants” and “dead works” that do not align with Christ’s newly organized Church in this dispensation. To confirm that one must “enter at the gate” by the correct  priesthood ordinance (D&C 22:4). Significance Demonstrates that the Restoration  does not merely add on to existing sectarian traditions but re-establishes the covenant “from the beginning” (v. 1). Highlights the seriousness of the gate of baptism —it’s more than an outward form; it’s a covenant with God under valid priesthood keys. Solidifies the ongoing principle that any ordinance must be done under God’s direction to be efficacious. Main Topics and Themes from D&C 22 Major Topics & Themes Resources & Links Verses 1: Theme: All Old Covenants Done Away; New & Everlasting Covenant Description:  This “new & everlasting covenant” is that which God established from the beginning—fulfilling older types and shadows (law of Moses). - In referencing it as “everlasting,” the revelation implies continuity with God’s plan from Adam forward (see Moses 5–6 for earliest priesthood). Jeremiah 31:31–34 Describes the promise of a new covenant that God will establish with His people—a direct precursor to the Restoration’s emphasis on a new, everlasting covenant. Hebrews 8:6–13 Explains how the New Covenant supersedes the old, highlighting that the former is now obsolete and the latter fulfills God’s eternal plan. 2 Corinthians 3:6–11 Compares the old covenant, written on stone, with the new covenant, written on the heart—illustrating the superior and enduring nature of the latter. Ephesians 2:19–20 Emphasizes that believers are “built upon the foundation of the apostles and prophets,” which ties into the idea that the new covenant is rooted in God’s eternal plan. Genesis 9:12–17 Shows the covenant God made with Noah, an early example of divine covenants that set the stage for later, more complete revelations. Elder D. Todd Christofferson, “ The Power of Covenants ” Explores the significance of divine covenants and how the new covenant redefines our relationship with God. Elder Jeffrey R. Holland, “The Ministry of Reconciliation” While focusing on reconciliation, this address touches upon how God’s promises—fulfilled through the new covenant—bridge the gap between the old and the new. Elder David A. Bednar, “ In the Strength of the Lord ” Explains how the Atonement of Christ not only forgives sin but also brings about the fulfillment of God’s eternal promises. Verses 2–4: Theme: Authority Required; ‘Dead Works’ vs. Entering the Strait Gate Description:  The repeated phrase “dead works” connotes ordinances done without God’s sanction. - “Enter ye in at the gate … as I have commanded” recalls 2 Nephi 31:17–18 , specifying the correct priesthood key to the gate. Is the Path to Eternal Life “Strait” or “Straight"? Additional Resources: The Scripture Citation Index Doctrine & Covenants Stories Scripture Stories Coloring Book - D&C Liahona , For the Strength of Youth , Friend Saints The Gospel Learning and Teaching email subscription Revelations in Context: The Stories Behind the Sections of the Doctrine and Covenants Doctrine and Covenants Historical Resources Joseph Smith Papers   Joseph Smith’s Revelations: A Doctrine and Covenants Study Companion from the Joseph Smith Papers Joseph Smith Papers Podcasts Mission of the Prophet Joseph Smith Accounts of the First Vision Prophets of the Restoration Gospel Topics Essays Gospel Topics and Questions Church History Topics Answers to Church History Questions Global Histories Saints, Volume 1 Saints, Volume 2 Revelations in Context Joseph Smith’s Revelations Joseph Smith Papers Podcasts Church History Topics Maps: Church History Maps Northeastern United States Palmyra-Manchester, New York, 1820–31 The New York, Pennsylvania, and Ohio Area of the USA Joseph Smith Papers Joseph Smith's Residences The Scriptures, Mapped

CFM : March 3–9 D&C 19  Videos, Podcasts, & Weekly Lesson Material Media Resource Links BYU RSC Library D&C 19 "The Atonement and the Resurrection" “Pray Always” (D&C 19:38) Accomplishing the Will of the Father Come Follow Church History with Lynne Hilton Wilson D&C 19 Handouts Come Follow Me Kid D&C 19 Come Follow Me Scott Woodward & Casey Griffiths D&C 19 Come Follow Up D&C 19 D&C Historical Background D&C 19 Saints: The Rise of the Church of Christ JSP: Revelation, circa Summer 1829 [D&C 19] Critics of the Book of Mormon Printing and Publishing the Book of Mormon Witnesses of the Book of Mormon The Contributions of Martin Harris Martin Harris Martin and Lucy Harris Farm Grandin Building: Book of Mormon Publication Site New York and Pennsylvania Historic Sites View the chronology Don't Miss This D&C 19 Follow Him D&C 19 Doctrine & Covenants 19 Part 1 • Andy Horton • March 3 - 9 • Come, Follow Me Doctrine & Covenants 19 Part 2 • Andy Horton • March 3 - 9 • Come, Follow Me Transcripts Grounded with Barbara Morgan D&C 19 Hurricane Adult Religion Class D&C 19 Video:   Doctrine and Covenants Lesson 5: Early revelations & the Melchizedek Priesthood Website Notes Slides Seminary Decks D&C 19 Latter Day Kids D&C 19 The Starfish Story Line Upon Line D&C 19 Meridian Magazine Podcast D&C 19 Not Yet Posted Our Mother's Knew It D&C 19 Not Yet Posted Saving Talents D&C 19 Not Yet Posted Scripture Study Central D&C 19 D&C 19 Come Follow Me Insights (Doctrine and Covenants 18-19, Feb 22-28) Come Follow Me with Casey Paul Griffiths (Doctrine and Covenants 18-19, Feb 22-28) Come Follow Me: Act in Doctrine (Doctrine and Covenants 18–19, Feb 22–28) Hard Questions in Church History with Lynne Hilton Wilson: Week 9 (D&C 18-19, Feb 22-28) Come Follow Me with Taylor Halverson (Doctrine and Covenants 18-19, Feb 22-28) Come Follow Me with John Hilton III (Doctrine and Covenants 18-19, Feb 22-28) Doctrine and Covenants Contexts: D&C 19   Steven C. Harper Doctrine and Covenants Minute: D&C 19  Casey Griffiths Restoration Voices Volume 2: D&C 19  Susan Easton Black Scripture Explorers D&C 19 Scripture Gems D&C 19 Scripture Insights D&C 19 Talking Scripture D&C 19 Show Notes The Interpreter Foundation D&C 19 Study and Teaching Helps: 2025 Doctrine & Covenants Study and Teaching Helps: 2025 Doctrine & Covenants Interpreter Radio Show — February 9, 2025, including Doctrine & Covenants in Context Audio Roundtable: Come, Follow Me Doctrine and Covenants Lesson 9 (D&C 18–19) Scripture Roundtable: D&C Gospel Doctrine Lesson 11, "The Field Is White Already to Harvest" Scripture Roundtable: D&C Gospel Doctrine Lesson 35, "A Mission of Saving" Compassion as the Heart of the Gospel The Crucifixion as a Mockery, Witness, and Warning of the Judgment The Red Crystal D&C 19 The Scriptures are Real D&C 19 Not Yet Posted Unshaken D&C 19 Resources and Insights for this Week's Lesson   Introduction In this week’s lesson, we are going to take a deep dive  into the Atonement and explore it through the lens of a musical parable. This approach builds on concepts we introduced in earlier lessons (notably from D&C 3-5 , Moroni 7-9 , and Section 18 ), so if you need a refresher, it may help to revisit those discussions first. For those comfortable venturing a bit deeper—and open to some Greek and Hebrew insights—this lesson will offer an additional layer of context for appreciating the eternal aspects of the Savior’s sacrifice. Before we begin, I assume that most people reading this post are not linguistic experts, so if you are not familiar with Hebrew and Greek, here are a few helpful points to keep in mind: Reading Direction & Word Order: Hebrew is read right to left , while Greek, like English, is read left to right . Both languages also employ word orders that differ from standard English structure, so consulting your KJV Bible in tandem with the provided interlinear texts can help you acclimate. Symbolic Language: Hebrew and Greek are highly symbolic. For a brief overview of interpreting symbolic language, refer back to the approach we discussed in our Revelation 1-5 lesson. Understanding the symbolic language and patterns of scripture can greatly enhance your appreciation for scriptural nuance. Parables Everywhere: Christ famously taught in parables throughout the Gospels, but His parabolic style can surface in surprising places outside the New Testament. The Savior is ever teaching; as we “tune in,” we discover His lessons all around us. By way of background, in last week’s lesson, we focused on foundations and frameworks  for building up God’s Kingdom on Earth. I used the “Circle of Fifths” as a metaphor to better visualize certain eternal, cyclical elements—these are concepts we discussed in D&C 3–5 and earlier in Moroni 7–9, and more examples can be found throughout scripture. This lesson expands upon those ideas, and in Section 19, these patterns are highlighted. If you haven’t read or need to review those previous materials, I encourage you to pause and do so. It will help clarify how these newer, deeper topics fit within the same broader pattern. My Personal Testimony & Background Allow me to provide some background on how I learned to understand these concepts. As a classically trained musician, I’ve always seen music as a sacred method of communication, but about ten years ago, my understanding was greatly amplified through some personal life experiences. In our  Moroni 7-9  lesson, I mentioned how I was searching for answers to help me connect with my autistic daughter, and these musical associations were part of that revelatory process.  Initially, I began to recognize interesting patterns in music theory, simple observations, things like the seven notes of the diatonic musical scale correlating with the rainbow, and the seven creative periods. Likewise, the 12 chromatic tones align with the 12 Apostles and the 12 Tribes of Israel. At first, I thought these were interesting “coincidences.” Yet, as I started to dig deeper, I found myself down the proverbial rabbit hole. I quickly discovered that these were not coincidences at all but part of a “divine design” that, to me, testified in a very profound way that all things truly do testify of Jesus Christ.   This was the beginning of what I call my “true conversion,” part of what would become an ongoing quest to learn more about how the truths of the gospel shape everything around us—often without our realizing it. For the past decade, I’ve immersed myself in extensive research on this subject . In doing so, I acquired the skills to read and translate Hebrew, Greek, Latin, and other languages since many of the texts and manuscripts that I encountered were not available in English. This opened my eyes to the importance of learning ancient languages, as so many plain and precious truths get lost in translation, even in the most ideal circumstances. The Jewish poet, Haim Nachman Bialik described that "Reading the Bible in translation is like kissing your new bride through a veil." And I found this to be very true. The scriptures are sealed books, and if we want to truly understand them, we have to get to know them on their terms. We must learn to appreciate their language, history, and culture. Early Discoveries One of the ways we become familiar with someone or something is to look for patterns. As musicians, we are trained to look for patterns; this is especially helpful when having to memorize long scores. One pattern that caught my attention early in this process had to do with linguistic connections. I was struck by the overlap of several terminologies that were used in both music and scripture, things like “key signatures” and “keys of the kingdom/priesthood.” Was there a deeper connection, or was it simply coincidence? As I looked into the matter, I discovered that the Greek term for our modern “key signature” traces back to ancient Byzantine usage of the word Martyrie —“Witnesses”—to denote modal patterns similar to current key signatures. In this sense, “signature” and “witness” shared a thematic link. I also learned that the old Latin term for a major key signature was Durr,  a designation still employed in modern German musical notation. In Hebrew and Arabic, Durr refers to the nacre of a “pearl.” In Greek, the word for pearl is " magarites ," which is likely where the term major was initially derived (Greek: margarites  → Italian “maggiore”→ French " majeur" → English Major). If one recalls, in the book of Revelat ion ( 21:21 ), we read of twelve pearly gates surrounding God’s Kingdom. At its center stands His throne, encircled by a rainbow and twenty-four elders ( 4:2-4 ).  Lehi describes a similar theophany in 1 Nephi 1:8, where angels around the throne are “in the attitude of singing.” Seeing these parallel images, I couldn’t help but think of the Circle of Fifths and notice connections to the “ Breastplate of Righteousness .” Could modern music theory, in part, stem from the symbolic patterns of such sacred visionary experiences? ( The Throne-Theophany and Prophetic Commission in 1 Nephi: A Form Critical Analysis ) As I continued to research, I spent considerable time examining the etymologies of musical terms and the origins of various symbols. It’s worth remembering that our system of musical notation was largely developed by Christian priests in Europe, and they embedded significant religious symbolism into its design. For instance, I found that the flat sign (♭) traces back to an ancient Germanic rune, ᚦ  ( Thurisaz ), which literally means “thorn.” That image may call to mind both the crown of thorns placed on the Savior’s head during the Crucifixion and the thorns introduced after the Fall (Genesis 3:18), symbolizing the consequences of sin. I also learned that the sharp sign (♯) was originally meant to represent a cross, and a second cross within that sign was added to symbolize those who “took up their cross” to follow the Savior (Matthew 16:24; Mark 8:34; Luke 9:23). Visualizing these concepts on the circle of fifths, we find seven flat keys on the left side and seven sharp keys on the right. In this analogy, the left side represents the seven dispensations of humankind, each marked by a leading prophet and each ultimately led to a “fall” or apostasy. However, notice that at the seventh dispensation—the Millennium—these “flats” or falls cease, transitioning into “sharp” keys on the right. Meanwhile, the right side corresponds to the seven wounds inflicted upon the Savior during the Crucifixion, each answering for and expiating the sins of each dispensation. These wounds include the nails in His hands, wrists, and feet, as well as the spear in His side—together symbolizing a full, complete, perfect, and eternal Atonement. Having explored some ways that the seven dispensations and the Savior’s seven wounds align in this circle-of-fifths analogy, we see a powerful reminder of Christ’s complete atonement for all. Now, let’s connect these insights to the scriptural narrative for this week’s lesson, where the Lord declares Himself “Alpha and Omega,” linking back to the eternal round we’ve previously discussed. In context with the account we are studying this week, there is another concept to emphasize: notice how the Lord introduces Himself, as "Alpha and Omega." We’ve touched on the “eternal round” concept in D&C 3-5 , which ties closely to this idea. In Greek, Alpha and Omega represent the first and last letters of the alphabet—much like A to Z in English. This is comparable to Aleph-Vav-Tav in the Hebrew Aleph-beyt. These letters symbolize the building blocks of “the Word,” or Logos , the same expression John uses to depict Jesus Christ in  John 1:1 . Because of language differences, many readers miss the fact that John is alluding to Genesis 1:1. Let’s explore these texts from both Hebrew and Greek perspectives. Notice that in  Genesis 1:1,  there is a word that is not translated, את 'et, spelled Aleph-Tav, which is circled in red. The Alpha and Omega concept that links Jesus Christ to "the Word" in John 1:1 is a direct reflection of the Aleph-Tav imagery that we see in this opening phrase of Genesis. In Hebrew, the word את 'et is a contraction of the word  אוֹת  ʼôwth,  spelled Aleph-Vav-Tav, which means "sign, token, ensign, witness, oath, evidence," and so on. This is covenant language, and it is very significant. The absence of this word in the English translations might cause one to ask themselves, if the oath is so significant, why isn't it translated? In Hebrew Grammar, את is used as a Definite Direct Object Marker (DDOM), a "sign" that marks and points the reader to the definite direct object of the sentence. Therefore, in other languages, like English, which uses sentence structure to indicate the direct object, the DDOM is considered unnecessary, so it is not translated. In the case of Genesis 1:1, note that there are two DDOMs, one that points the reader up to the Heavens and another that points the reader down to the Earth. Thus, in this opening statement, we can see a concept that resembles the Magen David as these two "pointers" come together and overlap. The Magen David is commonly referred to as the " Star of David ," but another and more accurate translation is the " Scales/Sheild of My Beloved ." Recall how the Father introduced Jesus Christ to the Nephites, Joseph, and those present at Jesus' baptism, "This is My Beloved Son...Hear Him" (JSH 1 , 3 Nephi 11 , Matthew 17:5 ). Christ alone holds the power to enfold us in His eternal covenant, shielding us through the fullness of His atoning sacrifice. Like a mother hen gathering her chicks, He yearns to wrap us in His sustaining arms—if we will only let Him. Evidence of a Sacred Origin for the Circle of Fifths The first known Circle of Fifths that we know of was recorded by a Ukrainian Priest named Nikolai Diletsky in the late 1600s. Diletsky had been trained in the rich music traditions of his people, but these traditions were primarily based on oral tradition. Diletsky knew how fragile these traditions were and that it was only a matter of time before a war, plague, or other disaster would wipe out these sacred traditions like they had so many communities before him. Nikolai heard that European priests were developing a new notation system that could help him preserve the rich musical traditions of his people. So he traveled to Europe to study under the priests, and when he returned, he recorded his musical grammar. This is where we find the first known diagrams of the Circle of Fifths, as we know it today. When I first came across this manuscript, only the image on the right was published in the article that I had access to. I could not translate it at that time, so I put it aside while I worked on other leads. About a year later, I felt prompted to post the image on Facebook, hoping friends might help. Heather, who rarely logged on, saw my post and felt impressed to contact me. She had served her mission in Russia and knew the text was in an archaic dialect that few people could decipher. However, she suspected one of her friends, a Russian music professor whom she met on her mission, might be able to help. Heather connected me with Andrey Bunden, a remarkable and brilliant musician who has become a dear friend. To my delight, Andrey had experience in ancient Russian Church music and was familiar with the dialect. Over the next week, we worked on the translation, Andrey confirmed that the right circle represented the minor keys — but the text also referenced another circle. He went to work and found the missing circle on the left. Andrey explained that in sacred Russian music, red text often denoted concepts directly connected to God. Above that left circle, the inscription read Vaobratz , meaning “the Image,” signifying God’s sacred image. Below, it stated, “Yours is the voice of thunder, without beginning and without end.” That discovery was my definitive proof that the Circle of Fifths wasn’t merely an arbitrary construct invented by random musicologists. Rather, it held deep spiritual significance — and it was intended to be a testament of Jesus Christ. Although there is much more to explore in this analogy, we’ll leave it here for now. As you review this week’s materials, keep this visual framework in mind. It highlights both the eternal nature of the Savior’s atonement and the solemn warnings about endless punishment that He gives in Section 19, urging Martin Harris (and all of us) to stay faithful. D&C STUDY GUIDE Some Ways You Can Use This Study Guide Personal Study:  Read each verse (or group of verses) in D&C 10 , then refer to the chart’s central themes, description, and biblical/Hebrew/Greek insights. Copy and paste desired sections and links into your Scripture notes using your LDS Tools.  Add any additional insights and incorporate these into your personal collection, keeping the things you want to have easily accessible in one place. Teaching Settings:  Present each row as an opportunity for discussion points. Invite learners to visit CFMCorner.com so they can come to class prepared to share things they discovered while exploring the available resources and cross-references. Encourage them to share their insights.  As time permits, some Hebrew/Greek terms  are provided as cross-references to deepen understanding of linguistic or cultural context. However, this represents only a tiny sampling of what is available and waiting to be discovered.  Dive in and enjoy the available resources.   Doctrine and Covenants 19 Study Guide & Section Overview Overview Doctrine and Covenants 19 is a revelation that addresses the nature of divine judgment and mercy, the meaning of “endless” and “eternal” nature for both the Atonement and punishment. We also read about the importance of generosity, especially when it comes to building up the Kingdom of God, as demonstrated in the command for Martin Harris to sacrifice financially for the printing of the Book of Mormon. Given in 1830 (though likely received near the summer of 1829), this revelation clarifies the Atonement’s scope and demonstrates how the Lord’s judgments are both just and merciful. It powerfully testifies that the Savior’s redeeming grace can rescue the truly penitent from “everlasting” suffering. At the same time, it directs the recipient (Martin Harris) to act in faith, in this case, by Harris' support for the publication of the Book of Mormon. Timeframe & Setting Timeframe: Circa March–Summer of 1830 (though some historians place it a bit earlier, in mid-1829). This is the period after the Book of Mormon translation was largely complete, but before its formal publication (March 1830 release date). Setting: The revelation is directed to an individual (not named in the text but understood historically to be Martin Harris) who is struggling with the financial burden required to print the Book of Mormon. Saints, Volume 1, chapter 8, describes how the fledgling Church was preparing for the momentous step of publishing the Book of Mormon. Martin Harris had pledged to finance a large part of the printing costs, but he wavered under the magnitude of the potential debt. D&C 19 helps Martin Harris—and all of us—understand the cost of discipleship. While it addresses the specific financial sacrifice Martin was to make, it simultaneously reveals profound truths about the Savior’s Atonement, personal repentance, and our responsibility to act on covenant commitments. Key Circumstances Financial Sacrifice for Publishing the Book of Mormon: Martin Harris, having mortgaged part of his farm, was uneasy about the significant financial risk. This revelation calls him (and all disciples) to place trust in God’s work over worldly fears. Clarification of “Eternal” or “Endless” Punishment: The text explains that phrases like “endless punishment” and “eternal punishment” refer to God’s punishment—not necessarily that the suffering has no end, but that through the Atonement, God purchased our sins, and they belong to Him. Therefore, our release from that punishment is up to us, as Jesus Christ has offered to carry those burdens for us if we accept Him and abide by the terms and conditions that He has set. Punishments will continue as long as individuals remain unrepentant. Repentance and Christ’s grace can “end” the punishment. Deepened Understanding of the Atonement: Christ proclaims He suffered infinitely so humankind might not suffer if they would repent. This places essential emphasis on the necessity of turning to Christ. Personal Accountability: The revelation underscores that individuals must come to Christ, repent, and keep commandments—doctrine at the core of personal and collective growth in the restored gospel. Purpose of the Revelation Instruct Martin Harris to Fulfill His Covenant: The Lord commands him to obey previously made promises regarding the Book of Mormon printing. Teach Correct Doctrine on Punishment and Mercy: Clarify the difference between “endless” punishment as unending vs. punishment that is God’s (therefore called “eternal”) but can end when we repent. Bear Witness of the Savior’s Redemptive Power: The Lord reiterates He has suffered that we might not suffer if we choose to repent, highlighting the immeasurable cost of the Atonement. Nurture Faith Over Fear: Demonstrate that disciples can willingly sacrifice when they understand God’s work. True faith in Christ drives out fear, even fear of financial risk or worldly loss. Significance Financial Faith and Sacrifice: Martin Harris’s willingness to consecrate worldly means became a pattern for Latter-day Saints ever after: the Lord’s kingdom advances through covenant sacrifices. Expanded View of the Atonement: D&C 19’s explanation of “eternal punishment” and the Savior’s infinite suffering remains a foundational text for understanding God’s justice and mercy. Invitation to Repent: The revelation’s call to repent underscores that mercy can triumph over justice but only through obedience and turning to Christ. Historic Pivot Point: With Martin Harris’s decision to honor the divine command, the Book of Mormon was published. This revelation thus directly impacted the Restoration’s course. Additional References: The Contributions of Martin Harris Martin Harris How Did Martin Harris Help Bring Forth the Book of Mormon? The Rise of the Church of Christ Printing and Publishing the Book of Mormon You Shall Have My Word: The Personal Ministry of Jesus Christ in the Restoration The Crucifixion as a Mockery, Witness, and Warning of the Judgment Joseph Smith's Negotiations to Publish the Book of Mormon Securing the Book of Mormon Copyright in 1829 Timing the Translation of the Book of Mormon: 'Days [and Hours] Never to Be Forgotten Main Topics and Themes from D&C 19 Major Topics & Themes Resources & Links Verses 1–5 – “I Am Alpha and Omega” Theme:  The Eternal Power and Nature of God. Description : These verses open with the Lord’s declaration of divine identity: “I am Alpha and Omega,” emphasizing His eternal role. The Lord clarifies His right to pronounce judgments. This statement frames all subsequent counsel.  Hebrew/Greek Insights : Greek - Alpha  and Omega  (Greek) : first and last letters of the Greek alphabet, symbolizing Christ’s eternal nature and His role as the final judge in all things pertaining to the Law (the Torah). Through His Atonement, he fulfilled the demands of the Law, and He is the rightful owner and officiator of such. He alone decides the terms and conditions of repentance and passes judgment pertaining to the punishments affixed to His Law in accordance with His divine will and omniscience.  Hebrew: Aleph-Vav-Tav ( אוֹת   ʼôwth ): The first and last letter in the Hebrew Aleph-bet. Letters are the building blocks of the Word, which John Refers to in John 1:1.  Reflection Questions : - How might remembering God’s infinite authority provide perspective for our daily challenges? - Why is it important that we recognize that Christ is the only one who has “all power”? - How can the Lord’s promises of His Atoning grace offer us peace and rest? Cross-References :- Revelation 1:8 (“I am Alpha and Omega”)- D&C 29:1 (“Listen to the voice of Jesus Christ, your Redeemer…”) ( Rev. 1:8, 11 ; 21:6 ; 22:13 ; 3 Ne. 9:18 ; D&C 19:1 ; 38:1 ; 45:7 ). - Saints, Vol. 1, Ch. 8 : for Martin Harris’s situation and how early Saints saw God as the final authority. Additional Insight : The Greek Alphabet The Phoenician Alephabet The Hebrew Aleph-beyt Bruce R. McConkie, “ The Purifying Power of Gethsemane ” April 1985 Verses 6–12 – “Eternal Punishment Is God’s Punishment” Themes: Eternal & Endless Attributes of Divinity Description : The Lord clarifies the nature of “endless” and “eternal” punishment, clarifying that these words describe divine punishment as belonging to Him, which he purchased by subduing all things unto himself, including all powers and judgments through the power of His infinite Atonement.  He sets the terms and conditions of the Law, declaring that Repentance can and will mitigate suffering according to His will and purpose. Key Insights : - This revelation overcame a widespread assumption that “endless” means literally “never-ending.” - The emphasis is that only unrepentant souls will remain in the condition of eternal misery.  - Repentant souls have access to God’s unending, everlasting, and eternal Atonement in accordance with God’s will and timing. Eph 3:21 , Isa 45:17 Hebrew/Greek Word Insights : - In Scripture, “everlasting” (Greek: aiōnios ) can sometimes highlight quality ir intensity  more than literal never-ending duration. (Ex. Alma the Younger’s endless torment during his conversion process.) -Likewise, the word kriseōs, from the root, krisis “ damnation ” refers to a separation from God, a revocation of His Spirit, which the Lord refers to in verse 20. Other words for eternal include קֶדֶם qedem , עוֹלָם ʻôwlâm , ἀκατάλυτος akatálytos  and these words generally refer to spanning all dispensations, ages, and circumstances, past, present, and future. Reflection Questions : - How do I understand God’s justice and mercy better through this explanation? - Why might clarifying “endless punishment” be crucial to appreciating the eternal nature of the Savior’s Atonement? - D&C 76:44–46 (emphasizes that God’s punishments are just) - 2 Nephi 2:5–7 (justice and mercy in the plan of redemption), 2 Nephi 9:16, 28:23, Alma 12, 34, and 42, Mormon 5:11 - Mark 3:29  " eternal   damnation / separation" - Saints, Vol. 1, Ch. 8 : clarifies the real challenges Martin Harris faced, seeing God’s mercy in practical form. Additional Insight :- Joseph Smith taught that God “institute[s] laws whereby the rest could have a privilege to repent…” (History of the Church). This underscores the infinite scope of mercy. Dallin H. Oaks, “ The Great Plan of Happiness ,” October 1993 Why Did Nephi Want to Know the Mysteries of God? Verses 13–20 – Atonement and Suffering Theme : The Lord’s account of Gethsemene Description : The Lord reveals sobering details of His suffering, underscoring that He bled at every pore. This is the cost if we do not repent—Christ’s infinite sacrifice was made precisely so we could avoid that torment.  Key Insights :- The Savior’s description of His own suffering is rare in scripture. It powerfully testifies of the reality of Gethsemane and the cross.- Atonement is not automatic, nor is it free— it came at a tremendous cost, and to access that power, our personal repentance is required to access the Lord’s infinite mercy. Reflection Questions : - How does pondering Christ’s suffering deepen our commitment to repent? - Why might reading this direct statement from Jesus move us to feel greater gratitude for the Atonement? Relevant Literary Pattern :- “Bleeding at every pore” (Luke 22:44) is repeated as an intense emphasis on the price of sin, which is death.  Cross-References :- Luke 22:44, Mosiah 3:7 (Christ’s suffering and blood from every pore) - Alma 34:8–16 (infinite and eternal sacrifice) - Saints, Vol. 1, Ch. 8 : The push to publish the Book of Mormon and how it testifies of Christ’s infinite Atonement. Additional Insight :- Punishment borne vs. punishment averted.  The intense physical and spiritual agony of the Savior stands in stark contrast to the spiritual healing offered to penitent souls. Russell M. Nelson, “ The Atonement ” October 1996 How Are Rod and Sword Connected to the Word of God? Did Jesus Bleed from Every Pore? Where Did Joseph Smith Get His Doctrinal Ideas About Christ? On Not Seeing the Passion Measuring the Cost Creek, River, Ocean Verses 21–24 – Command to “Preach Repentance” Theme: The importance of Humility and Repentance Description : These verses instruct us to preach repentance “even with mildness and meekness.” The Lord personally enjoins all disciples to call others to come unto Him.  Key Insights : - Repentance is how one escapes endless punishment. We must warn, but also invite with love. - “Pay the uttermost farthing” is an echo from Christ’s earlier teachings (Matthew 5:25–26); it highlights accountability. Reflection Questions : - In my personal sphere, how might I more effectively share the call to repent? - Why is repentance always described as an act of love and deliverance rather than condemnation in these verses? - Mosiah 18:20 (preach nothing but repentance) - Helaman 5:10–11 (the name of Christ is the only means of salvation) - Matthew 5:25–26 (on “the uttermost farthing”) Additional Insight :- Mildness and meekness : The Greek concept of “praus” (meek) indicates controlled strength, exemplified by the Savior. M. Russell Ballard, “ The Blessings of Sacrifice ,” April 1992 Elder Bednar, “ Learn of Me ” Facebook Post Elder Neil L. Andersen “ ‘Repent ... That I May Heal You .’” October 2009 Standing Before Carl Bloch's Painting Verses 25–36 – Command to Sacrifice and Keep Covenants Theme: Description : The Lord speaks to Martin Harris specifically about sacrificing wealth for the printing of the Book of Mormon. Emphasizes that “I command you to repent… pay the debt thou hast contracted.”  Key Insights : - True discipleship calls for real sacrifice. Martin Harris needed to mortgage his farm to secure publication. What sacrifices are we asked to make? - The Lord promises blessings for obedience: “I am God, and have spoken it.” Hebrew/Greek Word Insight :- “Sacrifice” from Latin sacra + facere  means “to make holy.” Our sacrifices sanctify us. Reflection Questions : - When have I felt the prompting to sacrifice something valuable in order to move forward God’s work? - How does God’s invitation to “do His will” become a personal test of discipleship in our day? - D&C 24:1–9 (the Lord sustains His servants even in adversity) - Ether 12:6 (a trial of faith precedes the witness) - Saints, Vol. 1, Ch. 8: provides the historical narrative of how Martin’s farm was put up as collateral, fulfilling the command. Additional Insight:- Early Saints repeatedly testified that seeing Martin Harris remain faithful to that severe financial obligation reaffirmed their own commitment. "That They Might Come to Understanding": Revelation as Process Steven C. Harper Nelson, President Russell M. “ We Can Do Better and Be Better .” General Conference April 2019 Why is the Book of Mormon a Classic? Was Joseph Smith the “Author” of the Book of Mormon? Why Should We Read the Book of Mormon Daily? How Will God Manifest the Truth of the Book of Mormon? What Was Mormon’s Purpose in Writing the Book of Mormon? Who Are the Lamanites? Why Hasn’t Lehi’s DNA Been Found? Additional Resources: The Scripture Citation Index Doctrine & Covenants Stories Scripture Stories Coloring Book - D&C Liahona , For the Strength of Youth , Friend Saints The Gospel Learning and Teaching email subscription Revelations in Context: The Stories Behind the Sections of the Doctrine and Covenants Doctrine and Covenants Historical Resources Joseph Smith Papers   Joseph Smith’s Revelations: A Doctrine and Covenants Study Companion from the Joseph Smith Papers Joseph Smith Papers Podcasts Mission of the Prophet Joseph Smith Accounts of the First Vision Prophets of the Restoration Gospel Topics Essays Gospel Topics and Questions Church History Topics Answers to Church History Questions Global Histories Saints, Volume 1 Saints, Volume 2 Revelations in Context Joseph Smith’s Revelations Joseph Smith Papers Podcasts Church History Topics Maps: Church History Maps Northeastern United States Palmyra-Manchester, New York, 1820–31 The New York, Pennsylvania, and Ohio Area of the USA Joseph Smith Papers Joseph Smith's Residences The Scriptures, Mapped

CFM : February 17–23 D&C 12–17 ; Joseph Smith—History 1:66–75 Part 2  Videos, Podcasts, & Weekly Lesson Material Media Resource Links BYU RSC Library D&C 12-17; Joseph Smith-History 1:66-75 Firsthand Witness Accounts of the Translation Process "Commissioned of Jesus Christ" Oliver Cowdery as Second Witness of Priesthood Restoration Voices of the Restoration: The Witnesses of the Book of Mormon Video: Restoration of the Aaronic Priesthood Video: Restoration of the Melchizedek Priesthood Come Follow Church History with Lynne Hilton Wilson D&C 12-17; Joseph Smith-History 1:66-75 D&C 13  ( Handout ) Doctrine and Covenants 14-17 | Feb 17-23 | Come Follow Church History with Lynne Hilton Wilson  ( Handout ) Come Follow Me Kid D&C 12-17; Joseph Smith-History 1:66-75 Come Follow Me Scott Woodward & Casey Griffiths D&C 12-17; Joseph Smith-History 1:66-75 Doctrine and Covenants 12–17 | Scott Woodward & Casey Griffiths | Come Follow Me LDS | Feb 17–23 The Final Testimonies of the Witnesses of the Plates and Angel | D&C 12–17 What You Haven't Heard About the Gold Plates Witnesses with Daniel Peterson Come Follow Up D&C 12-17; Joseph Smith-History 1:66-75 Don't Miss This D&C 12-17; Joseph Smith-History 1:66-75 Follow Him D&C 12-17; Joseph Smith-History 1:66-75 Doctrine & Covenants 12-17, JSH 1:66; Part 1 • Dr. Wendy Ulrich • February 17 - 23 • Come Follow Me Doctrine & Covenants 12-17, JSH 1:66; Part 2 • Dr. Wendy Ulrich • February 17 - 23 Transcripts Gospel for Kids Angels Restore the Priesthood Grounded with Barbara Morgan D&C 12-17; Joseph Smith-History 1:66-75 Hurricane Adult Religion Class D&C 12-17; Joseph Smith-History 1:66-75 Video: Doctrine and Covenants Lesson 5: Early revelations & the Melchizedek Priesthood Website Notes Slides Video: Doctrine and Covenants Lesson 4: Oliver Cowdery & the Aaronic Priesthood Website Notes Slides Seminary Decks Seminary Stack by Joycelyn McIlquham Latter Day Kids D&C 12-17; Joseph Smith-History 1:66-75 The Castle and Keys Line Upon Line D&C 12-17; Joseph Smith-History 1:66-75 D&C 12-13 D&C 14-17 Meridian Magazine Podcast D&C 12-17; Joseph Smith-History 1:66-75 ( Not Yet Posted ) Our Mother's Knew It D&C 12-17; Joseph Smith-History 1:66-75 ( Not Yet Posted ) Saving Talents D&C 12-17; Joseph Smith-History 1:66-75 Scripture Study Central D&C 12-17; Joseph Smith-History 1:66-75 Come Follow Me Insights (Doctrine and Covenants 12–13; Joseph Smith—History 1:66–75, Feb 8-14) Come Follow Me Insights (Doctrine and Covenants 14-17, Feb 15-21) Come Follow Me with Casey Paul Griffiths (Doctrine and Covenants 12–13, Feb 8–14) Come Follow Me with Casey Paul Griffiths (Doctrine and Covenants 14–17, Feb 15–21) Come Follow Me: Act in Doctrine (Doctrine and Covenants 12–13, Feb 8–14) Come Follow Me: Act in Doctrine (Doctrine and Covenants 14–17, Feb 15–21) Hard Questions in Church History with Lynne Hilton Wilson: Week 7 (D&C 13, Feb 8-14) Hard Questions in Church History with Lynne Hilton Wilson: Week 8 (D&C 14-17, Feb 15-21) Come Follow Me with Taylor Halverson (Doctrine and Covenants 12-13, Feb 8-14) Come Follow Me with Taylor Halverson (Doctrine and Covenants 14-17, Feb 15–21) Doctrine and Covenants Contexts: 12 , 13 , 14-16 , and 17  - Steven C. Harper Doctrine and Covenants Minute: 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , and 17 , and JS—H 1:66-75  - Casey Griffiths Restoration Voices Volume 2: 12 , 13 , 14 , 15-16 , and 17  - Susan Easton Black Scripture Explorers D&C 12-17; Joseph Smith-History 1:66-75 Scripture Gems D&C 12-17; Joseph Smith-History 1:66-75 Scripture Insights D&C 12-17; Joseph Smith-History 1:66-75 Talking Scripture D&C 12-17; Joseph Smith-History 1:66-75 Notes The Interpreter Foundation D&C 12-17; Joseph Smith-History 1:66-75 Study and Teaching Helps: 2025 Doctrine & Covenants  - Jonn Claybaugh Interpreter Radio Show — January 26, 2025, including Doctrine & Covenants in Context Restoring Melchizedek Priesthood Come, Follow Me  Study and Teaching Helps — Lesson 7: D&C 12–13; JS-History 1:66–75  - Jonn Claybaugh Audio Roundtable: Come, Follow Me Doctrine and Covenants Lesson 7 (D&C 12–13; JS-History 1:66–75) “The Restoration of the Priesthood”: D&C 13; 20:38-67; 27:12-13; 84:6-30; 107:1-20; 110:11-16; Joseph Smith—History 1:66-73 Scripture Roundtable: D&C Gospel Doctrine Lesson 11, "The Field Is White Already to Harvest" Scripture Roundtable: D&C Gospel Doctrine Lesson 8, The Restoration of the Priesthood Scripture Roundtable: D&C Gospel Doctrine Lesson 8 (2013) “By the Blood Ye Are Sanctified”: The Symbolic, Salvific, Interrelated, Additive, Retrospective, and Anticipatory Nature of the Ordinances of Spiritual Rebirth in John 3 and Moses 6 How Joseph Smith’s Grammar Differed from Book of Mormon Grammar: Evidence from the 1832 History The Red Crystal D&C 12-17; Joseph Smith-History 1:66-75 The Scriptures are Real D&C 12-17; Joseph Smith-History 1:66-75 ( Not Yet Posted ) Unshaken D&C 12-17; Joseph Smith-History 1:66-75 Resources and Insights for this Week's Lesson   The Final Testimonies of the Witnesses and the Restoration of the Priesthood The revelations contained in Doctrine & Covenants 12–17  and Joseph Smith—History 1:66–75  provide a profound glimpse into the foundational moments of the Restoration. These sections chronicle the emergence of the Book of Mormon through divinely appointed witnesses and the return of priesthood authority through angelic administration. These events stand as pillars of the Latter-day Saint faith, reaffirming both the necessity of divine authority and the power of personal testimony. The Witnesses of the Gold Plates: A Divine Confirmation One of the most compelling aspects of this time in Church history is the role of witnesses to the gold plates . The Lord revealed early on that the translation of the Book of Mormon would be supported by eyewitnesses beyond Joseph Smith himself (D&C 5:11–14, 17–18). As a result, three witnesses  and later eight additional witnesses  were given the opportunity to testify of the reality of the ancient record. The Three Witnesses: A Supernatural Experience In June 1829 , Joseph Smith, Oliver Cowdery, David Whitmer, and Martin Harris went into the woods near Fayette, New York, to seek divine confirmation of the work. Their faith was rewarded when the angel Moroni appeared, holding the gold plates, the Liahona, the Urim and Thummim, and the sword of Laban . They also heard the voice of God declaring the authenticity of the translation. Their testimony became an enduring witness, published in every edition of the Book of Mormon since 1830 . Though all three witnesses later faced trials in their relationship with the Church, none of them ever denied their testimony  of what they had seen and heard. Even in moments of estrangement, they continued to affirm the divine origin of the Book of Mormon. The Eight Witnesses: A Physical Confirmation Shortly after the experience of the Three Witnesses, eight additional men —mostly members of the Whitmer and Smith families —were granted the opportunity to physically handle the plates. Unlike the supernatural manifestation given to the Three Witnesses, this was a tangible, empirical experience . The plates were solid, metallic, covered in ancient engravings, and bound by rings . The testimony of these witnesses provided an additional layer of verification, countering any argument that the plates were merely a visionary or spiritual manifestation. The Unofficial Female Witnesses Although women were not included in the formal witness lists due to societal norms of the time, some female witnesses  also had direct experiences with the plates: Emma Smith , Joseph’s wife, recounted handling the plates while they were covered with a cloth. She could feel their metallic nature and even moved them while performing household chores. Joseph’s Mother  and sisters  offer accounts of seeing the plates covered with a cloth. In some instances, they described having to move them to keep them safe. Mary Whitmer , the mother of David Whitmer, was visited by an angel who showed her the plates  as a reward for her tireless hospitality to Joseph and Oliver during the translation process. Their experiences add further depth to the testimony of the Book of Mormon and affirm that the Lord provided witnesses from multiple perspectives. Relevance to this Week’s Materials The sections covered in this week’s lesson span the period between April to June of 1829 ( Chronology ).  During this time, Joseph Smith and Oliver Cowdery were heavily involved in translating the Book of Mormon. Key locations for these revelations occurred in or near Harmony, Pennsylvania, and Fayette, New York, at the home of the Whitmer family, who became deeply interested in and supportive of the translation process. Several revelations (D&C 12, 14–16) were directed to members of the Whitmer family, instructing them on how they could assist in the Lord’s work. ( The Knight and Whitmer Families , Fellow Servants ) D&C 12  – Joseph Knight Sr.  One of Joseph’s employers who was present when Joseph first received the plates from the Hill Cumorah. D&C 14 – David Whitmer: One of the Whitmer sons D&C 15  – John Whitmer:  David’s brother, John Whitmer would become one of the Eight Witnesses D&C 16  – Peter Whitmer Jr.  Another of David’s brothers. Like John, Peter Whitmer Jr.  was among the Eight Witnesses . D&C 17  – Oliver Cowdery, David Whitmer, and Martin Harris ( The Experience of the Three Witnesses )   Oliver Cowdery : Served as Joseph Smith’s principal scribe for most of the Book of Mormon translation ( Oliver Cowdery’s Gift ) David Whitmer :  Key supporter hosting Joseph Smith in Fayette; one of the Three Witnesses . Martin Harris :  A benefactor who funded part of the Book of Mormon’s printing; also one of the Three Witnesses , famously involved with the lost 116 pages but later demonstrated extraordinary faith, particularly after leaving the Church for a time. ( The Contributions of Martin Harris ) Resources of Particular Interest In reviewing the materials for this week’s lesson, there were several that stood out. The Witnesses: Witnessfilm.com   This is a link to watch The Witnesses for free through October 10th.  This has been provided as a service, and it is excellent.  Some of the background about the creation of this film is provided by one of the producers, Daniel Peterson, in his interview with Casey and Scott, “ What You Haven't Heard About the Gold Plates Witnesses with Daniel Peterson .” In addition, Casey serves as a guide through some of the locations where these events take place in his travel series, The Final Testimonies of the Witnesses of the Plates and Angel | D&C 12–17 .  These are resources you won't want to miss.   Additional resources pertaining to the Witnesses include: A Multiplicity of Witnesses: Women and the Translation Process Witnesses of the Book of Mormon Firsthand Witness Accounts of the Translation Process How Did Martin Harris Help Bring Forth the Book of Mormon? How Important was Oliver Cowdery in Bringing Forth the Book of Mormon? Why Is David Whitmer’s Witness of the Book of Mormon So Compelling? Who Are the "Few" Who Were Permitted to See the Plates? Why Were Three Key Witnesses Chosen to Testify of the Book of Mormon? How Can We Be Strengthened by Lucy Mack Smith's Testimony of the Book of Mormon? Did Joseph Smith’s Mother Believe He Could Have Written the Book of Mormon? What Does Mary Whitmer Teach Us About Enduring Trials? Did the Book of Mormon Witnesses Really See What They Claimed? A Day for the Eternities The Restoration of the Priesthood: A Return of Divine Authority Another monumental event in these sections is the restoration of the priesthood , a pivotal moment in the dispensation of the fulness of times. Without priesthood authority, no ordinances—including baptism or the gift of the Holy Ghost—could be properly performed . The Aaronic Priesthood: Baptism and the Ministering of Angels While translating the Book of Mormon, Joseph and Oliver discovered the importance of priesthood authority for baptism . On May 15, 1829 , they prayed near the Susquehanna River  for guidance. In response, John the Baptist appeared, laid his hands upon them, and conferred the Aaronic Priesthood . This priesthood brought with it: The authority to baptize for the remission of sins . The ministering of angels . The promise that the Melchizedek Priesthood  would soon be restored. Following this, Joseph and Oliver immediately baptized one another , marking a new beginning in the Restoration. The Melchizedek Priesthood: The Power to Bestow the Holy Ghost Not long afterward, Joseph and Oliver were visited by Peter, James, and John , the ancient apostles who had received priesthood keys from Christ. They conferred the Melchizedek Priesthood , granting: The power to bestow the gift of the Holy Ghost . The authority to organize Christ’s Church . Apostolic keys, which would later be used to establish the First Presidency and Quorum of the Twelve Apostles . This priesthood authority was essential for the eventual restoration of temple ordinances and sealing power , which would come later in Kirtland and Nauvoo . Why These Events Matter Today The events covered in D&C 12–17 and Joseph Smith—History 1:66–75  continue to shape the foundation of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. The witnesses of the gold plates  provide powerful evidence that Joseph Smith was not alone in his testimony. The restoration of the priesthood  ensures that God’s work can continue in an organized, authorized manner. The Book of Mormon’s truthfulness  and the priesthood’s power  are not confined to history—they continue to bless individuals today. Those who seek truth are invited to study, ponder, and pray  to receive their own witness of these sacred events.  D&C STUDY GUIDE Some Ways You Can Use This Study Guide Personal Study:  Read each verse (or group of verses) in D&C 10 , then refer to the chart’s central themes, description, and biblical/Hebrew/Greek insights. Copy and paste desired sections and links into your Scripture notes using your LDS Tools.  Add any additional insights and incorporate these into your personal collection, keeping the things you want to have easily accessible in one place. Teaching Settings:  Present each row as an opportunity for discussion points. Invite learners to visit CFMCorner.com so they can come to class prepared to share things they discovered while exploring the available resources and cross-references. Encourage them to share their insights.  As time permits, some Hebrew/Greek terms  are provided as cross-references to deepen understanding of linguistic or cultural context. However, this represents only a tiny sampling of what is available and waiting to be discovered.  Dive in and enjoy the available resources.   Joseph Smith—History 1:66–75 Study Guide Chapter Outline Overview: In Joseph Smith—History 1:66–75 , Joseph Smith recounts pivotal events in early 1829 that lead to the restoration of the Aaronic Priesthood . Oliver Cowdery arrives to assist as scribe for the Book of Mormon translation, and while studying the doctrine of baptism , Joseph and Oliver pray  for guidance. The messenger  John the Baptist appears, conferring the Aaronic Priesthood . They baptize each other, experience the Holy Ghost , and prophesy about the rise of the Church and future events. The passage highlights the restoration of priesthood authority , the influence of the Holy Spirit , and the divine guidance that fueled the Book of Mormon’s translation despite local persecution. Timeframe & Setting: Date:  April 5 – May 15, 1829 Location:  Harmony, Pennsylvania Occasion:  Oliver Cowdery’s arrival to assist as scribe; subsequent revelation on baptism and priesthood authority. Key Circumstances: Context: Curiosity about baptism for the remission of sins  (found while translating) led Joseph and Oliver to seek the Lord’s direction in prayer. In response, John the Baptist appeared , conferring the Aaronic Priesthood  and commanding them to be baptized. Questions Asked: How should they be baptized ? Who had the authority  to perform baptism? Heavenly Response: John the Baptist appeared  and conferred the Aaronic Priesthood  upon them. They were instructed to baptize each other  and ordain each other to the Aaronic Priesthood . They received revelation, prophecy, and enlightenment  after their baptism. Purpose of the Revelation: Main Themes: Divine messengers restore priesthood keys. Baptism must be performed by proper authority. The Holy Ghost brings revelation and understanding. Persecution follows true discipleship. Doctrine Clarified: The Aaronic Priesthood  holds the keys of repentance, baptism, and ministering of angels . Baptism must be performed by immersion  and by proper priesthood authority . The Melchizedek Priesthood  would later be conferred. Revelation and prophecy  accompany true faith and obedience. Instructions Given: Baptize each other  according to the divine pattern. Bear testimony  of what they had experienced. Keep their experiences sacred  to avoid persecution. Significance Lays the foundation  for priesthood authority in the latter days—Aaronic first, then Melchizedek. Connects the Book of Mormon translation  to the restored  power to baptize and eventually form the Church of Jesus Christ. Reveals how Joseph and Oliver received personal manifestations  of the Spirit, affirming the authenticity of their divine commission. Major Topics & Themes Resources & Links Verses 66–67 – Oliver Cowdery Arrives Theme:  Fellowship in Translation, Preparation for Revelation Description:  Joseph meets Oliver Cowdery  for the first time on April 5, 1829. Oliver, having heard about Joseph’s divine calling from the Smith family, traveled to investigate. Two days after his arrival, they begin translating the Book of Mormon together (April 7). Oliver’s immediate willingness shows how the Lord orchestrates  events and people (like scribes) to further His work. This context sets the stage for the priesthood  revelation that soon follows. Hebrew/Greek Insights:  Write (Greek “ gráphō ” γράφω):  Connotes “to inscribe,” “to record,” or “to express through letters.” In biblical usage, it underscores the importance of preserving sacred truths in written form. Write (Hebrew root “s-f-r” ספר ):  This Semitic root can imply “to count,” “to record,” or “to write,” כָּתַב   ktb  can also be used.  Related words include sēfer  (סֵפֶר), meaning “book,” and sofer  (סוֹפֵר), meaning “scribe.” Together, they highlight writing’s role in carefully documenting  and preserving  divine instruction. Reflection Questions: 1. How can Oliver’s openness to Joseph’s story inspire us to listen for truth even when it comes in unusual ways? 2. When have you seen the Lord bring people together at just the right time to accomplish His purposes? 3. Considering that in Greek “write” (gráphō) means “to inscribe or preserve in letters,” and in Hebrew “write” (root s-f-r) implies “to record or count carefully,” what practical steps can you take to document  your own spiritual experiences—so they remain treasured, remembered, and shared as part of your faith journey? Historical Background Excerpt from JS History, vol. A-1, circa May 1838–B [D&C 13] Fellow Servants Restoration of the Aaronic Priesthood Restoration of the Aaronic Priesthood Restoration of the Melchizedek Priesthood Timing the Translation of the Book of Mormon: “Days [and Hours] Never to Be Forgotten ’Commissioned of Jesus Christ’: Oliver Cowdery and D&C 13 Oliver Cowdery as Second Witness of Priesthood Restoration ’By the Blood Ye Are Sanctified’: The Symbolic, Salvific, Interrelated, Additive, Retrospective, and Anticipatory Nature of the Ordinances of Spiritual Rebirth in John 3 and Moses 6 - D&C 6  (Oliver’s prior revelation on assisting Joseph) - D&C 9  (Continued counsel to Oliver about translation) Verses 68–73 – Seeking Direction on Baptism and the Aaronic Priesthood Bestowed Theme:  Restoration of Authority, Baptism Description:  Concerned about baptism  for the remission of sins—a doctrine they encountered while translating—the two prayed in the woods. John the Baptist appeared as a messenger  (v. 72 identifies him), conferring the Aaronic Priesthood  (v. 69) which holds keys for repentance and baptism. This moment marks the first priesthood ordination in the latter days. They were commanded to baptize  each other (v. 70). Hebrew/Greek Insight: - Baptize (Greek “ baptizō ” βαπτίζω):  meaning “to immerse” or “to submerge.” Symbolizes inward repentance and rebirth, requiring proper authority. This bears similarities to the Jewish   miqvah . Reflection Questions: 1. Why is proper authority  so crucial for ordinances like baptism? 2. How does learning about the restoration of the Aaronic Priesthood inspire gratitude or commitment to sacred covenants? Why Did the Book of Mormon Come Forth as a Miracle? Why Did Joseph and Oliver Seek Authority to Baptize? At Baptism, What Do We Covenant to Do? Why Did Alma Talk about Melchizedek? What Does It Mean to Be “Born Again?” -  D&C 13  (John the Baptist’s words on conferring the Aaronic Priesthood) - Matthew 3:1–6  (John the Baptist preaching baptism) - 3 Nephi 11:21–26  (Christ grants authority to baptize among the Nephites) Verses 74–75 – Enlightenment, Persecution, and Providence Theme:  Increased Scriptural Understanding, External Opposition Description:  After baptism, Joseph and Oliver find the scriptures “laid open”  to their understanding (v. 74), revealing truths they could not grasp before. However, they also face opposition and persecution , forcing them to keep certain details private for safety (v. 74). Despite these threats, the goodwill  of Emma’s father (Isaac Hale) and God’s providence allow them to continue translating (v. 75). This section highlights the dual reality  of spiritual progress and worldly opposition—yet divine help still paves the way for the Restoration to advance. Reflection Questions: 1. Why do spiritual breakthroughs often come alongside external challenges ? 2. In what ways can trusting in God’s providence help us overcome opposition or fear? 3. How does increased understanding of the scriptures change how we face personal trials? 4. Compare this restoration  of the Aaronic Priesthood with later events (e.g., Melchizedek Priesthood  in D&C 27; 128). What similarities do you notice regarding the pattern of revelation and divine messengers ? 5. Reflect on your own  experiences of seeking guidance from the Lord. How have you felt the Lord’s direction—sometimes unexpectedly—come at crucial moments? 6. Note how Joseph and Oliver’s prompt obedience (going immediately to baptize each other) leads to spiritual blessings. Consider ways we might likewise act  on divine instructions without delay .  How can this open doors to personal revelation? How Joseph Smith’s Grammar Differed from Book of Mormon Grammar: Evidence from the 1832 History How Important was Oliver Cowdery in Bringing Forth the Book of Mormon? Why Is the Timing of the Book of Mormon’s Translation So “Marvelous”? Why Did the Book of Mormon Come Forth as a Miracle? - John 14:26  (The Holy Ghost teaches and brings all things to remembrance) - 2 Corinthians 4:8–9  (Struck down but not destroyed) D&C 12  Chapter Outline Overview Doctrine & Covenants 12  is a revelation given through Joseph Smith to Joseph Knight Sr.  in May 1829. It parallels other early sections (like D&C 4, 11, 14–16) that give specific counsel to individuals who desire to assist in the unfolding Restoration. This revelation highlights the importance of humility, love, and diligence  as prerequisites for serving in the Lord’s kingdom. Timeframe & Setting Date:  May 1829 Location:  Likely Harmony, Pennsylvania Occasion:  Joseph Knight Sr. had been supportive of Joseph Smith—providing food, paper, and other resources while Joseph and Oliver translated the Book of Mormon. He wanted to know how he could help in the Lord’s work beyond just physical support. Key Circumstances Joseph Smith and Oliver Cowdery continued the Book of Mormon translation. Joseph Knight Sr. had witnessed some of the early miraculous events and believed in Joseph’s calling. Like others, Joseph Knight sought direct instruction from the Lord regarding his role in the Restoration. Purpose of the Revelation Acknowledge  Joseph Knight’s desire to serve and teach. Instruct  him on the qualities  (humility, love, faith) required to be successful in the work. Promise  divine support for the sincere and diligent. Significance Underscores  the Lord’s pattern of calling and equipping “all who have desires to serve God” (D&C 4:3). Emphasizes Christlike attributes  (like charity, faith, love) as fundamental to any calling or service. Invites modern readers to consider their own  readiness, humility, and diligence in the Lord’s work. Main Topics and Themes from D&C 12 Major Topics & Themes Resources & Links Verse 1- The Imminent Work Theme : The Lord's Marvelous Work Description: The Lord declares the commencement of a significant work among humanity. Hebrew/Greek Insights : "Marvelous, Wonder"  (Hebrew: פֶּלֶא  - pele ’ ) refers to something beyond human comprehension, a divine act. The word is used in Psalms 118:23: “This is the Lord’s doing; it is marvelous in our eyes.” Reflection Questions : 1. How do I perceive the "marvelous work" mentioned?  In what ways can I prepare to be part of this work? 2. Why does desire  play such a key role in the Lord’s call to serve? 3. How do you see sincerity and righteous intent leading to effective discipleship? Section 12 Revelation, May 1829–B [D&C 12] Joseph Knight Sr The Knight and Whitmer Families Joseph Knight’s Recollection of Early Mormon History Close Friends as Witnesses: Joseph Smith and the Joseph Knight Families What Role Does the Book of Mormon Play in Missionary Work? - D&C 4:3  (If ye have desires to serve God) - 1 Timothy 3:1  (Desire a good work- bishop- ἐπισκοπῆς  one who “looks over” From  ἐπί and the base of σκοπός ). Psalms 118:23 D&C 4, 11, 12,  and 14–16  all have similar counsel about humility, faith, hope, and charity—suggesting a consistent pattern of prerequisites for effective ministry. Verse 2 - The Power of God's Word Theme : Heeding Divine Counsel Description : The Lord emphasizes the power and discernment of His word, urging adherence. Hebrew/Greek Insights:   "Sharper than a two-edged sword"  (Greek: δίστομος μάχαιρα  - distomos   machaira ) appears in Hebrews 4:12, describing God’s word as able to "divide asunder" even the thoughts and intents of the heart. Reflection Questions: 1. How can I better heed the Lord's word in my daily life? - What does it mean for God's word to be "sharper than a two-edged sword"? How Are Rod and Sword Connected to the Word of God? - Hebrews 4:12 Verses : 3–4 – Conditions of Service Theme:  Humility, Faith, Love Description:  The Lord instructs that those who labor in His vineyard must do so in humility , with faith , hope , and charity  (the pure love of Christ). The text parallels D&C 4, describing the divine attributes  required for spiritual success. Hebrew/Greek Insights: - Discussed in previous lessons; see links. Reflection Questions: 1. How might humility  and love  transform ordinary service into inspired ministry? 2. In what ways do faith, hope, and charity work together to help us overcome self-interest and serve genuinely? 3. Which Christlike attributes  (like meekness or love) do I need to develop further to serve more effectively? -  D&C 4:5–6  (Qualities of the Lord’s servants: faith, hope, charity 1Co 13:13 ) - Moroni 7:47–48  (Charity as the pure love of Christ, May Christ Lift Thee Up ) A More Excellent Hope  - Pres. Nelson Light in Our Vessels: Faith, Hope, and Charity Verses   5–6 – The Reward of Diligence Theme:  Blessings for the Faithful Description:  These verses promise that those who serve diligently “in the spirit of meekness” will be blessed in their efforts. The Lord reiterates that no one  can assist in building His kingdom without  these Christlike qualities. Hebrew/Greek Insights : - Meekness  (Greek “ praotēs ” πραΰτης,   עֲנָוָה  ʻănâvâh ): denotes gentleness or strength under control—an attribute Christ Himself exemplifies ( Matthew 11:29 ). Reflection Questions : 1. Why do you think diligence  coupled with meekness  is so critical in the Lord’s work? 2. Can you recall a time when acting with meekness led to stronger relationships or better outcomes in your service? -  Matthew 11:29  (“Learn of me; for I am meek and lowly in heart”) -  Luke 1:53  (He fills the hungry with good things) Verse  7 – Service Motivated by the Right Reasons Theme : Purity of Intent Description : The Lord clarifies that the work must be done for His glory , not for personal gain or recognition. True service in the kingdom is driven by a desire to please God and bless others, rather than seeking worldly honors. Hebrew/Greek Insights : Purity (Greek “ katharos ” καθαρός, “ hagneía ” ἁγνεία, ṭᵉhôwr  טְהוֹר):  literally “clean” or “clear.” A pure heart has no hidden agendas or deceit. Reflection Questions : 1. What does it look like to serve God’s  interests rather than pursuing your own recognition? 2. How can you check your motives  to ensure you’re serving for the right reasons? - Matthew 6:1–4  (Do alms in secret, not to be seen of men) - 3 Nephi 13:1–4  (Similar counsel in the Book of Mormon) Verses    8-9 – Concluding Counsel Theme : Invitation to Labor with the Lord Description : The revelation closes by inviting Joseph Knight (and anyone with a righteous desire) to come forth and work  in the Lord’s vineyard, armed with humility, faith, and charity. This invitation is open-ended, echoing the principle that “whosoever will thrust in his sickle and reap” is welcome (D&C 4:4). The Lord’s final word is a promise that those who meet these heart qualifications  can succeed in building up His kingdom. Hebrew/Greek Insights: Reflection Questions: What Does It Really Mean to Have Charity? Open Hand What Can We Learn from the Savior’s First Words at Bountiful? - D&C 4:4  (Whoso thrusteth in his sickle…) - Jacob 5  (Parable of the vineyard, The Lord Labors with Us ) D&C 13  Chapter Outline Overview Doctrine & Covenants 13  is a brief  but foundational section: it contains the exact words  used by John the Baptist  when he conferred the Aaronic Priesthood  upon Joseph Smith and Oliver Cowdery on May 15, 1829 . It establishes the keys  and authority  of the Aaronic Priesthood in the last days. Timeframe & Setting Date:  May 15, 1829 Location:  Near Harmony, Pennsylvania Occasion:  Joseph and Oliver, while translating the Book of Mormon, sought to understand the doctrine of baptism . In response to their prayers, John the Baptist  appeared as a messenger from God to restore the Aaronic Priesthood. Key Circumstances Joseph Smith—History 1:68–72 provides additional context: Joseph and Oliver were concerned about baptism  for the remission of sins. The Book of Mormon translation had just revealed the need for proper priesthood authority. John the Baptist ordained them with power to baptize , initiating the Restoration of priesthood authority . Purpose of the Revelation (Text) Record  John the Baptist’s words conferring the Aaronic Priesthood keys. Clarify  that this priesthood includes authority over the gospel of repentance and baptism by immersion . Prophesy  that the priesthood will remain on the earth until “the sons of Levi do offer again an offering unto the Lord in righteousness.” Significance Marks the official beginning  of restored priesthood authority in modern times. Assures that the Aaronic Priesthood, once restored, “shall never be taken again from the earth.” Sets up the later restoration of the Melchizedek Priesthood  by Peter, James, and John, referenced in D&C 27 and 128. Main Topics and Themes from D&C 13 D&C 13:1 (Single Verse) Major Topics & Themes Resources & Links “Upon you my fellow servants, in the name of Messiah, I confer the Priesthood of Aaron…” Theme:  Divine Messengers, Authority from God Description:  John the Baptist identifies himself as acting under Christ’s authority  (“in the name of Messiah”) and calls Joseph and Oliver his “fellow servants.” This shows the humility  of a heavenly messenger and the direct  bestowal of priesthood power. Hebrew/Greek Insight on “Priesthood”: Priesthood (Hebrew “ kehuna ” כְּהֻנָּה) Derived from kohen  (כֹּהֵן), meaning “priest.” Kehuna  signifies the office  or function  of the priest, tied to sacred temple service and covenant mediation between God and His people. Priesthood (Greek “ hierateía ” ἱερατεία or “hieráteuma” ἱεράτευμαm, root Hiero-   as in hierarchy and hieroglyphs ) Used in passages like Luke 1:9  (Zacharias serving in his priestly course) or 1 Peter 2:5,9  (“holy priesthood”). The Greek roots hier-  refer to something holy  or sacred , indicating the sacred duty  or holy office  of those ordained to serve God and administer certain ordinances. Reflection Questions: 1. What does it mean that John the Baptist refers to Joseph and Oliver as “fellow servants”? 2. How does receiving authority “in the name of Messiah” clarify the source  of priesthood power? Restoration of the Aaronic Priesthood Section 13 Excerpt from JS History, vol. A-1, circa May 1838–B [D&C 13] Oliver Cowdery's Gift Fellow Servants Restoration of the Aaronic Priesthood Restoration of the Melchizedek Priesthood ’Commissioned of Jesus Christ’: Oliver Cowdery and D&C 13 Oliver Cowdery as Second Witness of Priesthood Restoration ’By the Blood Ye Are Sanctified’: The Symbolic, Salvific, Interrelated, Additive, Retrospective, and Anticipatory Nature of the Ordinances of Spiritual Rebirth in John 3 and Moses 6 Why Did Joseph and Oliver Seek Authority to Baptize? Near Harmony Deserts and Dromedaries Joseph Smith—History 1:68–72  (Context and narrative of receiving the Aaronic Priesthood) - Hebrews 5:4  (No one takes priesthood upon himself, only by God’s calling) “Which holds the keys of the ministering of angels, and of the gospel of repentance, and of baptism by immersion…” Theme:  Aaronic Priesthood Functions Description: The Aaronic Priesthood includes keys for “ministering of angels” (spiritual influence and ministering help), the “gospel of repentance,” and baptism by immersion. This is distinct from the Melchizedek Priesthood, which holds additional keys like conferring the gift of the Holy Ghost (see D&C 20:73, D&C 107:20). Hebrew/Greek Insight: Repent  (Greek “metanoeō” μετανοέω )  means “to change one’s mind/heart,” leading to life transformation. Keys  (Greek “kleis” κλείς )  can denote the ability or authority to open or lock something—figuratively referring to the power to grant or restrict access (e.g., the “keys of the kingdom” in Matthew 16:19 ).  (Hebrew “ map̱tēaḥ ” מַפְתֵּחַ)  literally means “opener.” In a spiritual sense, it implies authority or a commission that allows one to unlock the blessings or ordinances of the gospel. Reflection Questions: 1. How do these keys  equip us to facilitate repentance and baptisms in the Church? 2. What role does “ministering of angels” play in supporting those who hold or rely on the Aaronic Priesthood? What Does Mormon Teach Us about Ministering as Angels? - D&C 20:73  (Details on performing baptism) - D&C 107:13–20  (Aaronic vs. Melchizedek Priesthood duties) “…and this shall never be taken again from the earth, until the sons of Levi do offer again an offering unto the Lord in righteousness.” Theme:  Enduring Authority, Future Fulfillment Description:  John the Baptist promises the Aaronic Priesthood will remain on the earth forever— not  to be removed as in earlier apostasy. The phrase “sons of Levi… offering… in righteousness” suggests a future restoration  of aspects of ancient priesthood responsibilities (see Malachi 3:3). Some interpret this as part of the latter-day work, culminating with the Second Coming  of Christ. Hebrew/Greek Insight: - Offering (Hebrew “ qorbān ” קָרְבָּן)  can imply a sacrificial or dedicated gift. In the Old Testament, Levites were charged with special rituals and service in the temple. Reflection Questions: 1. Why is the permanence  of the Aaronic Priesthood significant to the Restoration? 2. In what ways might the phrase about the “sons of Levi” remind us of ongoing temple service  or latter-day covenant work? 3. Study D&C 107  to distinguish the duties  of the Aaronic and Melchizedek Priesthoods. How do both priesthoods work together to administer the fullness of the gospel? 4. Read Joseph Smith’s first-person account describing this exact event . How does this account complement the short text of D&C 13 and enrich your understanding of the Aaronic Priesthood’s restoration? 5. Even if you don’t hold the Aaronic Priesthood, consider how these keys  (ministering of angels, repentance, baptism) affect your covenants  and the Church community— How does everyone  benefit from the blessings that come through restored priesthood authority? - Malachi 3:3  (Sons of Levi purified) -  D&C 128:24  (That we may present a book with records of our dead—another type of latter-day offering) D&C 14  Chapter Outline Overview Doctrine & Covenants 14  is a revelation given in June 1829  to David Whitmer . He and his family had grown deeply interested in the Book of Mormon  translation, providing Joseph Smith with a place to live and work in Fayette, New York . David, along with his brothers, sought to know his personal responsibility in assisting the divine work. The Lord’s counsel in this section highlights missionary labor , obedience , and the promise of eternal life  for those who endure faithfully. Timeframe & Setting Date:  June 1829 Location:  Fayette, New York Occasion:  David Whitmer, having witnessed the work of translation, sought specific guidance regarding his role in the Restoration. This revelation was received via the Urim & Thummim . Key Circumstances Whitmer Family Involvement:  Along with Oliver Cowdery, the Whitmers were key supporters enabling the final stage of Book of Mormon translation. Desire for Direction:  Like sections 11 and 12, David Whitmer wanted to know how  he could help and what the Lord expected of him personally. Subsequent Significance:  David Whitmer would later be called as one of the Three Witnesses  to the Book of Mormon. Purpose of the Revelation Acknowledge  David’s sincere desire to assist in God’s work. Encourage  him to engage wholeheartedly in the “ field white already to harvest ” (v. 3). Promise  blessings—both spiritual and temporal—to those who keep commandments and persevere. Significance Reinforces the missionary command  to “thrust in the sickle” and bring souls to Christ. Declares that “eternal life”  is the greatest of God’s gifts (v. 7). Identifies Jesus Christ as Creator  of “heavens and earth” and the “light” that cannot be hidden (v. 9), bridging the cosmic  scope of His mission with the individual call to witness. Main Topics and Themes from D&C 14 Major Topics & Themes Resources & Links Verses 1–2 – A Great and Marvelous Work Theme: Coming Forth of God’s Word, Power of Scripture Description:  The revelation opens proclaiming “a great and marvelous work” about to come forth—reiterating language found in D&C 4. God’s word is said to be “quick and powerful,” sharper than a two-edged sword (v. 2), emphasizing its ability to pierce to our core and transform hearts. This sets the stage for David Whitmer’s calling, grounded in the power of divine revelation. Hebrew/Greek Insight: - Word (Greek “ logos ” λόγος):   implies both divine utterance and creative power in the biblical tradition (see John 1:1 ). Reflection Questions: 1. Why might the Lord emphasize His word as “quick and powerful” when calling David to assist? 2. How do you see “a marvelous work” unfolding in your own context or time? Section 14–16 Revelation, June 1829–A [D&C 14] David Whitmer The Knight and Whitmer Families Early Missionaries Why Is David Whitmer’s Witness of the Book of Mormon So Compelling? The Simple Miracle That Helped the Whitmers Further the Book of Mormon Who Are the "Few" Who Were Permitted to See the Plates? - D&C 4:1  (Similar phrase: “A marvelous work... is about to come forth”) - Hebrews 4:12  (Word of God is quick and powerful) Verses 3–6 – The Field White to Harvest Theme: Missionary Labor, Obedience Description:  The Lord uses the field/harvest metaphor (v. 3) to emphasize the urgency of sharing the gospel and promises everlasting salvation to those who faithfully labor. David is assured that “whosoever will thrust in his sickle... is called of God” (v. 4). Such work must be accompanied by sincere prayer (v. 5) and commandment-keeping (v. 6). The repeated phrase “white already to harvest” appears in earlier revelations (D&C 4; 11; 12), underscoring the Lord’s consistent invitation to active discipleship. Hebrew/Greek Insight: - Harvest (Greek “therismos” θερισμός):  symbolic of gathering souls into the kingdom, an image used throughout the New Testament (John 4:35). The Next Two Years Establishing Zion - D&C 4:4 ; D&C 11:3 ; D&C 12:3  (Parallel harvest references) - John 4:35  (Fields white already to harvest) Verses 7–8 – Eternal Life, Greatest Gift Theme: Promises, Receiving the Holy Ghost Description: Her, the Lord promises that by enduring to the end (v. 7) and keeping commandments, one obtains eternal life—the greatest gift God offers. Verse 8 reiterates that if David (or any disciple) asks in faith, he will receive the Holy Ghost, empowering him to stand as a witness and to preach repentance. The emphasis on “eternal life”  as God’s ultimate blessing ties into broader scriptural teachings (e.g., John 17:3). Hebrew/Greek Insight: - Life (Greek “zōē” ζωή ):   in the New Testament, “eternal life” denotes not just longevity, but a quality of divine, exalted existence with God. Reflection Questions: 1. How does viewing eternal life  as the “greatest gift” shape your day-to-day priorities? 2. When have you felt the Holy Ghost enabling you to witness or declare repentance more powerfully? 3. In what ways do faith and endurance open the door to spiritual gifts? 4. Note how each Whitmer brother (David, John, Peter) receives a similar pattern of counsel: the field is white , the need for obedience , the promise  of eternal life. Why is this significant and how does this apply to us? 5. Consider how actively you are “thrusting in your sickle.” Could you take a bolder step in sharing the gospel or serving others? Endure to the End - John 17:3  (Eternal life defined as knowing God and Jesus Christ) - D&C 6:13  (If thou wilt do good and be faithful... thou shalt be saved) Verses 9–11 – Christ’s Divinity and David Whitmer’s Call Theme: Jesus as Creator, Personal Calling Description: Jesus identifies Himself as the Son of the living God, “who created the heavens and the earth,” and a light that cannot be hidden (v. 9). He underscores that the fulness of His gospel must go from the Gentiles to the house of Israel (v. 10). Finally, David is told he is “called to assist,” and will be blessed both spiritually and temporally if he remains faithful (v. 11). This pairing of cosmic authority (Christ as Creator) with personal invitation (David Whitmer) illustrates the Lord’s power and willingness to work through individual disciples. Hebrew/Greek Insight: - Creator (Hebrew “bōrē” בּוֹרֵא ):  means “one who brings something into being.” Affirming Christ’s role as divine agent of creation. Reflection Questions: 1. What does it mean to you that the Creator  of the universe personally calls individuals like David—and like you—to assist in His work? 2. How do you reconcile Christ’s cosmic  role with His intimate  involvement in guiding each disciple’s life and service? 3. Since Jesus is the Creator  of heaven and earth, how can that power can strengthen  you in your personal calling—no challenge is too big when God stands behind His work. Why Did Benjamin Give Multiple Names for Jesus at the Coronation of his Son Mosiah? Why Did Nephi Say That All Are Alike Unto God? - John 1:1–3  (Christ as the Word through whom all things were made) - Mosiah 3:8  (Jesus is the Creator of all things) Additional Resources: The Scripture Citation Index Doctrine & Covenants Stories Scripture Stories Coloring Book - D&C Liahona , For the Strength of Youth , Friend Saints The Gospel Learning and Teaching email subscription Revelations in Context: The Stories Behind the Sections of the Doctrine and Covenants Doctrine and Covenants Historical Resources Joseph Smith Papers   Joseph Smith’s Revelations: A Doctrine and Covenants Study Companion from the Joseph Smith Papers Joseph Smith Papers Podcasts Mission of the Prophet Joseph Smith Accounts of the First Vision Prophets of the Restoration Gospel Topics Essays Gospel Topics and Questions Church History Topics Answers to Church History Questions Global Histories Saints, Volume 1 Saints, Volume 2 Revelations in Context Joseph Smith’s Revelations Joseph Smith Papers Podcasts Church History Topics Maps: Church History Maps Northeastern United States Palmyra-Manchester, New York, 1820–31 The New York, Pennsylvania, and Ohio Area of the USA Joseph Smith Papers Joseph Smith's Residences The Scriptures, Mapped

CFM : February 17–23 D&C 12–17 ; Joseph Smith—History 1:66–75  Videos, Podcasts, & Weekly Lesson Material Media Resource Links BYU RSC Library D&C 12-17; Joseph Smith-History 1:66-75 Firsthand Witness Accounts of the Translation Process "Commissioned of Jesus Christ" Oliver Cowdery as Second Witness of Priesthood Restoration Voices of the Restoration: The Witnesses of the Book of Mormon Video: Restoration of the Aaronic Priesthood Video: Restoration of the Melchizedek Priesthood Come Follow Church History with Lynne Hilton Wilson D&C 12-17; Joseph Smith-History 1:66-75 D&C 13  ( Handout ) Doctrine and Covenants 14-17 | Feb 17-23 | Come Follow Church History with Lynne Hilton Wilson  ( Handout ) Come Follow Me Kid D&C 12-17; Joseph Smith-History 1:66-75 Come Follow Me Scott Woodward & Casey Griffiths D&C 12-17; Joseph Smith-History 1:66-75 Doctrine and Covenants 12–17 | Scott Woodward & Casey Griffiths | Come Follow Me LDS | Feb 17–23 The Final Testimonies of the Witnesses of the Plates and Angel | D&C 12–17 What You Haven't Heard About the Gold Plates Witnesses with Daniel Peterson Come Follow Up D&C 12-17; Joseph Smith-History 1:66-75 Don't Miss This D&C 12-17; Joseph Smith-History 1:66-75 Follow Him D&C 12-17; Joseph Smith-History 1:66-75 Doctrine & Covenants 12-17, JSH 1:66; Part 1 • Dr. Wendy Ulrich • February 17 - 23 • Come Follow Me Doctrine & Covenants 12-17, JSH 1:66; Part 2 • Dr. Wendy Ulrich • February 17 - 23 Transcripts Gospel for Kids Angels Restore the Priesthood Grounded with Barbara Morgan D&C 12-17; Joseph Smith-History 1:66-75 Hurricane Adult Religion Class D&C 12-17; Joseph Smith-History 1:66-75 Video: Doctrine and Covenants Lesson 5: Early revelations & the Melchizedek Priesthood Website Notes Slides Video: Doctrine and Covenants Lesson 4: Oliver Cowdery & the Aaronic Priesthood Website Notes Slides Seminary Decks Seminary Stack  by Joycelyn McIlquham Latter Day Kids D&C 12-17; Joseph Smith-History 1:66-75 The Castle and Keys Line Upon Line D&C 12-17; Joseph Smith-History 1:66-75 D&C 12-13 D&C 14-17 Meridian Magazine Podcast D&C 12-17; Joseph Smith-History 1:66-75 ( Not Yet Posted ) Our Mother's Knew It D&C 12-17; Joseph Smith-History 1:66-75 ( Not Yet Posted ) Saving Talents D&C 12-17; Joseph Smith-History 1:66-75 Scripture Study Central D&C 12-17; Joseph Smith-History 1:66-75 Come Follow Me Insights (Doctrine and Covenants 12–13; Joseph Smith—History 1:66–75, Feb 8-14) Come Follow Me Insights (Doctrine and Covenants 14-17, Feb 15-21) Come Follow Me with Casey Paul Griffiths (Doctrine and Covenants 12–13, Feb 8–14) Come Follow Me with Casey Paul Griffiths (Doctrine and Covenants 14–17, Feb 15–21) Come Follow Me: Act in Doctrine (Doctrine and Covenants 12–13, Feb 8–14) Come Follow Me: Act in Doctrine (Doctrine and Covenants 14–17, Feb 15–21) Hard Questions in Church History with Lynne Hilton Wilson: Week 7 (D&C 13, Feb 8-14) Hard Questions in Church History with Lynne Hilton Wilson: Week 8 (D&C 14-17, Feb 15-21) Come Follow Me with Taylor Halverson (Doctrine and Covenants 12-13, Feb 8-14) Come Follow Me with Taylor Halverson (Doctrine and Covenants 14-17, Feb 15–21) Doctrine and Covenants Contexts: 12 , 13 , 14-16 , and 17  - Steven C. Harper Doctrine and Covenants Minute: 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , and 17 , and JS—H 1:66-75  - Casey Griffiths Restoration Voices Volume 2: 12 , 13 , 14 , 15-16 , and 17  - Susan Easton Black Scripture Explorers D&C 12-17; Joseph Smith-History 1:66-75 Scripture Gems D&C 12-17; Joseph Smith-History 1:66-75 Scripture Insights D&C 12-17; Joseph Smith-History 1:66-75 Talking Scripture D&C 12-17; Joseph Smith-History 1:66-75 Notes The Interpreter Foundation D&C 12-17; Joseph Smith-History 1:66-75 Study and Teaching Helps: 2025 Doctrine & Covenants  - Jonn Claybaugh Interpreter Radio Show — January 26, 2025, including Doctrine & Covenants in Context Restoring Melchizedek Priesthood Come, Follow Me  Study and Teaching Helps — Lesson 7: D&C 12–13; JS-History 1:66–75  - Jonn Claybaugh Audio Roundtable: Come, Follow Me Doctrine and Covenants Lesson 7 (D&C 12–13; JS-History 1:66–75) “The Restoration of the Priesthood”: D&C 13; 20:38-67; 27:12-13; 84:6-30; 107:1-20; 110:11-16; Joseph Smith—History 1:66-73 Scripture Roundtable: D&C Gospel Doctrine Lesson 11, "The Field Is White Already to Harvest" Scripture Roundtable: D&C Gospel Doctrine Lesson 8, The Restoration of the Priesthood Scripture Roundtable: D&C Gospel Doctrine Lesson 8 (2013) “By the Blood Ye Are Sanctified”: The Symbolic, Salvific, Interrelated, Additive, Retrospective, and Anticipatory Nature of the Ordinances of Spiritual Rebirth in John 3 and Moses 6 How Joseph Smith’s Grammar Differed from Book of Mormon Grammar: Evidence from the 1832 History The Red Crystal D&C 12-17; Joseph Smith-History 1:66-75 The Scriptures are Real D&C 12-17; Joseph Smith-History 1:66-75 ( Not Yet Posted ) Unshaken D&C 12-17; Joseph Smith-History 1:66-75 Resources and Insights for this Week's Lesson   D&C 15 STUDY GUIDE Chapter Outline Overview Doctrine & Covenants 15  is a June 1829  revelation directed to John Whitmer . Like sections 14 and 16 (given to David Whitmer and Peter Whitmer Jr., respectively), this counsel was received while Joseph Smith was in Fayette, New York , completing the Book of Mormon translation with the Whitmer family’s support. This revelation is very personal in nature, as the Lord addresses thoughts and desires only John  and the Lord  knew. John Whitmer later became one of the Eight Witnesses  to the Book of Mormon. Timeframe & Setting Date:  June 1829 Location:  Fayette, New York Occasion:  John Whitmer, having observed the translation work, desired specific guidance on his personal duty in the Restoration, similar to David (D&C 14) and Peter (D&C 16). Key Circumstances John Whitmer’s willingness to assist Joseph Smith during the Book of Mormon translation. A private inquiry  through the Urim and Thummim, like the revelations given to David (D&C 14) and Peter Whitmer Jr. (D&C 16). John’s question centered around what would be “ of the most worth ” to him, spiritually and eternally. Purpose of the Revelation Acknowledge  John’s desire to know God’s will for his life. Reveal  that the most valuable  thing he can do is declare repentance  and bring souls to Christ. Affirm  that the Lord knows each individual’s inner thoughts , reinforcing His personal concern and guidance. Significance Reiterates the consistent theme in D&C 14–16: the worth  of souls in sharing the gospel. Highlights the personal  nature of revelation, noting that the Lord speaks to each person’s private  hopes and questions. Demonstrates how missionary work  and helping others repent is the greatest contribution one can make, promising eternal rest  and joy. Main Topics and Themes from D&C 15 Major Topics & Themes Resources & Links Verses 1–2 – God’s Power Over All the Earth Theme: Divine Authority, Personal Address Description: The Lord addresses John Whitmer by name, commanding him to hearken and listen. He declares His arm is over all the earth (v. 2), emphasizing His universal power and reach. Yet this infinite God is also deeply personal, speaking sharply and powerfully to John as an individual. This sets the tone for the following verses, where God reveals He knows John’s inner desires. Hebrew/Greek Insight: - Arm of the Lord (Hebrew “ zĕrōa ʿ YHWH” זְרוֹעַ יְהוָה):  frequently symbolizes God’s mighty power  in delivering and guiding His people ( Isaiah 53:1 ). Reflection Questions: 1. Personal Guidance : What does it mean to you personally that the Lord calls you by name and invites you to “hearken”? How might this shape your daily prayer or scripture study? 2. God’s Omnipotence : Verses 1–2 remind us that the Lord’s “arm is over all the earth.” In what ways does recognizing God’s global power and influence give you confidence or direction in your individual life? 3. Listening vs. Hearing : How can you move from simply hearing the Lord’s words to truly hearkening , i.e., listening with intent to obey and follow through? Section 14–16 Revelation, June 1829–C [D&C 15] John Whitmer The Knight and Whitmer Families Early Missionaries Who Are the "Few" Who Were Permitted to See the Plates? - D&C 14:2  (Similar counsel about God’s power over the earth) - Isaiah 40:10  (The Lord’s arm shall rule) Verses 3–4 – Personal Revelation: “No man knoweth save me and thee alone…” Theme: God’s Omniscience, Private Desires Description: The Lord reveals He will disclose something known only to Him and John (v. 3), demonstrating His omniscience and intimate awareness of John’s heart. The text then explains that John has previously asked “many times” what would be of the most worth (v. 4). This highlights the deeply personal nature of revelation through the Urim & Thummim—John’s unspoken or private questions are answered by the Lord. Hebrew/Greek Insight: - Know (Hebrew “ yāda ʿ” יָדַע):   can imply deep personal intimacy or awareness, not just factual knowledge. Reflection Questions: 1. How does knowing God is fully aware  of our personal desires or concerns affect your prayers? 2. When has the Lord answered a private  question in a way that only you could recognize? - Alma 26:35  (God knows all things) - D&C 6:16  (Oliver Cowdery’s private thoughts revealed by the Lord) Verses 5–6 – “The Thing of Most Worth” Theme: Preaching Repentance, Bringing Souls to Christ Description: The Lord blesses John for speaking His words (v. 5). He then answers John’s query: the greatest worth lies in declaring repentance (v. 6), helping souls come to Christ so they can rest together in the kingdom of God. Echoing D&C 18:10–16 , it underscores that saving souls is paramount. Here we see the Lord’s missionary emphasis—by aiding the salvation of others, we also ensure our own spiritual rest and joy. Hebrew/Greek Insight: - Repent  (Greek “metanoeō” μετανοέω ):  signifies a change of mind and heart leading to transformation of life. (Hebrew “teshuvah” תְּשׁוּבָה)  comes from the root “ shuv ” (שׁוּב) , meaning “to turn,” “return,” or “come back.” Rather than being a one-time apology, it signifies an ongoing course correction—continually turning away from sin and returning to God’s path. This process involves constant balance, reorientation, and renewal, aligning our hearts and actions with His will not only when we stray, but in every moment of every day. Much like riding a bicycle, small, steady corrections help us maintain our momentum and direction, ensuring we reach our ultimate goal.. -Worth:  Hebrew (ערך “ʿ ēreḵ ,” יָקָר  “ yāqār ”): Stresses the idea of valuing or preciousness—something’s assessed worth or cherished importance. Greek (ἄξιος “ axios ,” τιμή “ timē ”): Focuses on deservingness and esteemed value—whether something or someone measures up or carries weight and honor. In scriptural contexts, “worth” goes beyond market value and embraces divine estimation, moral deservingness, and personal preciousness in the eyes of God. Reflection Questions: 1. Why do you think the work of saving souls  is described as “of most worth”? 2. How might sharing the gospel (in any capacity) also deepen our own conversion and future “rest”? 3. Considering that teshuvah  (Hebrew, “to return or turn back”) and metanoeō  (Greek, “to change one’s mind and heart”) both suggest ongoing transformation , how might viewing repentance as a continuous process of course correction —rather than a one-time event of correcting a mistake —encourage you to realign your life with God’s will each day? - D&C 18:10–16  (Worth of souls, joy in bringing souls to Christ) -  Luke 15:7  (Joy in heaven over one sinner who repents) D&C 16  Chapter Outline Overview Doctrine & Covenants 16 was received by Joseph Smith in June 1829 and addressed to Peter Whitmer Jr. Like David (D&C 14) and John Whitmer (D&C 15), Peter was deeply involved in supporting the translation of the Book of Mormon. This revelation closely mirrors the other Whitmer revelations in urging missionary service, promising that the greatest worth is found in bringing souls to Christ. Peter Whitmer Jr. would later become one of the Eight Witnesses to the Book of Mormon. Timeframe & Setting Date: June 1829 Location: Fayette, New York Occasion: Peter Whitmer Jr., like his brothers, sought revelation through Joseph Smith (via the Urim & Thummim) to learn his specific role and duty in the Restoration. Key Circumstances The Whitmer family provided a critical environment for Joseph Smith to complete the Book of Mormon translation. Peter Whitmer Jr. was curious about “that which would be of the most worth” to him, similar to John Whitmer’s question (D&C 15). These short revelations (D&C 14–16) each emphasize personal responsibility in the Lord’s work of declaring repentance and gathering souls. Purpose of the Revelation Acknowledge Peter Whitmer Jr.’s desire to know God’s will for his life. Explain the supreme worth of sharing the gospel—“to bring souls unto me.” Encourage him to act on the private promptings he had, confirming the Lord’s knowledge of his heart. Significance Reinforces a pattern across D&C 14–16 that each disciple (David, John, Peter) is called to missionary efforts. Highlights that no man knows Peter’s private desires except God, confirming the Lord’s personal care and omniscience. Points to the eternal perspective: the greatest worth is in helping others come unto Christ, leading to mutual rest in God’s kingdom. Main Topics and Themes from D&C 16 Major Topics & Themes Resources & Links Verses 1–2 – “Hearken, My Servant Peter” Theme: Divine Authority, God’s Arm Over the Earth Description:  The Lord directly addresses Peter Whitmer Jr., calling him by name and stressing the power of His word (v. 2). He reminds Peter that His “arm is over all the earth,” signifying universal authority. Yet the counsel is personal and intimate—God sees Peter individually. This parallels D&C 15:1–2 (directed to John Whitmer) and D&C 14:2 (David Whitmer), illustrating the Lord’s pattern of repeating key motifs to each brother. Reflection Questions: 1. How does acknowledging “God’s arm is over all the earth” inspire confidence in your personal callings or assignments? 2. Why might the Lord address Peter by name rather than giving more general counsel? Section 14–16 Revelation, June 1829–D [D&C 16] Peter Whitmer Jr. Peter Whitmer Sr. The Simple Miracle That Helped the Whitmers Further the Book of Mormon - D&C 14:2  (David Whitmer also told to heed the Lord’s powerful word) - Isaiah 40:10  (God’s arm shall rule) Verses 3–4 – Private Desires Known by God Theme: Personal Revelation, God’s Intimate Knowledge Description: The Lord reveals that Peter has often desired to know what would be “of the most worth” (v. 4). As with John Whitmer (D&C 15:3–4), the Lord shows He alone can see the private prayers or thoughts of His servants. This reaffirms the intimate nature of revelation, where individuals’ secret yearnings are answered. Hebrew/Greek Insight: - Desire (Hebrew “ ḥēp̱eṣ ” חֵפֶץ):   implying a yearning or delight that motivates action. Reflection Questions: 1. Why do you think the Lord takes time to mention Peter’s private desires? How does that shape your understanding of personal revelation? 2. In what ways has God responded to your innermost questions or concerns, sometimes unknown to anyone else? - D&C 15:3–4  (Parallel counsel to John Whitmer) - Matthew 6:6  (Your Father sees in secret) Verses 5–6 – “The Thing of Most Worth”: Declaring Repentance Theme: Missionary Work, Eternal Perspective Description: Echoing the revelations to David (D&C 14:6) and John Whitmer (D&C 15:6), the Lord states that bringing souls unto Christ through repentance is “the thing which will be of the most worth.” By aiding others’ eternal salvation, Peter also secures his own spiritual rest. This personal calling reaffirms the universal truth: nothing surpasses the value of helping souls turn to God. Hebrew/Greek Insight: - Worth (Greek “axia” ἀξία or “axios” ἄξιος):  connotes “something of suitable value or measure,” signifying what truly merits  our efforts. Reflection Questions: 1. How does viewing missionary work  or sharing the gospel as “most worth” shape your perspective on daily life? 2. In what ways can you “declare repentance” in everyday settings—beyond formal missions—and still bring souls closer to the Lord? 3. Reflect on how “eternal perspective” can influence mundane decisions. If bringing souls unto Christ is truly “of the most worth,” how might that impact your time, talents, and daily priorities? - D&C 14:6  and  D&C 15:6  (Parallel phrasing about missionary labor) - D&C 18:10–16  (Worth of souls, joy in bringing them to Christ) D&C 17 Chapter Outline Overview Doctrine & Covenants 17 was received in June 1829 , just before Oliver Cowdery, David Whitmer, and Martin Harris viewed the Book of Mormon plates (and other sacred items) as part of their calling to be the Three Witnesses. Prompted by references within the Book of Mormon (Ether 5:2–4; 2 Nephi 11:3; 27:12), these men expressed a divinely inspired desire to serve as witnesses. Joseph Smith inquired of the Lord through the Urim & Thummim, and this revelation assured them they could view the plates by faith, and thereafter testify to the world of the truthfulness of the Book of Mormon. Timeframe & Setting Date: June 1829 Location: Fayette, New York Occasion: Oliver Cowdery, David Whitmer, and Martin Harris sought a divine witness, referencing Book of Mormon prophecies about three special witnesses. The revelation confirmed that through faith, they would behold the plates and other sacred objects. Key Circumstances Translation Near Completion: Joseph Smith was concluding the Book of Mormon translation at the Whitmer home. Desire to See the Plates: Having learned from the text that three individuals would witness the plates, Oliver, David, and Martin prayed for the privilege. Importance for the Restoration: Their testimony would bolster Joseph Smith’s work and serve as an independent, divine confirmation of the Book of Mormon’s authenticity. Purpose of the Revelation Assure the Three Witnesses that by faith they would see the plates and other sacred objects (breastplate, sword of Laban, etc.). Commission them to testify of these things publicly, confirming the Book of Mormon’s truth. Protect Joseph Smith’s calling and work by giving additional witnesses, fulfilling God’s “righteous purposes unto the children of men” (v. 9). Significance Establishes the Three Witnesses as divinely called to uphold Joseph Smith’s translation of the Book of Mormon. Underscores faith as the key to gaining spiritual manifestations—“by your faith… you shall obtain a view of them” (v. 2). Highlights the interconnectedness of Joseph’s mission and these witnesses, ensuring that the Restoration’s foundation rests on multiple testimonies (see also D&C 5:11–14). Main Topics and Themes from D&C 17 Major Topics & Themes Resources & Links Verses 1–2 – Viewing the Plates Through Faith Theme: Sacred Artifacts, Power of Belief Description:  The Lord tells Oliver, David, and Martin that if they rely on His word “with full purpose of heart,” they shall see the Book of Mormon plates, the breastplate, the sword of Laban, the Urim & Thummim, and the directors given to Lehi (v. 1). Emphasis is placed on faith (v. 2)—mirroring the faith of ancient prophets—to make this divine manifestation possible. Hebrew/Greek Insight: - Faith (Hebrew “emunah” אֱמוּנָה / Greek “ pistis ” πίστις):  connotes both trust  and fidelity —a commitment that precedes evidence, which then yields divine manifestations. Reflection Questions: 1. Why do you think the Lord makes faith  the main condition to seeing these sacred objects? 2. How have you experienced “evidence following faith” rather than the other way around? 3. What might these ancient relics (sword of Laban, Liahona) symbolize about God’s continuous guidance? Section 17 Revelation, June 1829–E [D&C 17] Fellow Servants Witnesses of the Book of Mormon Oliver Cowdery Martin Harris David Whitmer The Experience of the Three Witnesses Mary Whitmer and Moroni: Experiences of an Artist in Creating a Historical Painting Securing the Book of Mormon Copyright in 1829 'The Testimony of Men': William E. McLellin and the Book of Mormon Witnesses Who Are the "Few" Who Were Permitted to See the Plates? - Ether 5:2–4  (Three witnesses prophesied) - 2 Nephi 27:12–13  (Prophesies of multiple witnesses to the plates) Verses 5–6 – Witnessing the Plates and Testifying Theme: Testimony, Book of Mormon’s Divinity Description: The Lord instructs the Witnesses that once they see the plates by faith, they are to testify “by the power of God” (v. 3). Verse 5 reiterates that Joseph’s previous experience seeing the plates also came by God’s power; the same pattern applies to them. Verse 6 underscores the Book of Mormon’s truth: “as your Lord and your God liveth it is true.” This language cements the Book of Mormon’s divine authenticity, placing the obligation on them to share that knowledge with the world. When Doctrine & Covenants 17:5–6  speaks of the Witnesses having “seen” the plates “by the power of God,” it mirrors the biblical senses of רָאָה ( ra’ah ) “To see,” “to look upon,” “to perceive,” denoting literal  physical seeing (Genesis 1:4, “God saw the light”) or spiritual  insight/vision (e.g., Psalms 34:8, “taste and see that the Lord is good”). In prophetic contexts, ra’ah  implies an ability to discern  or “behold” divine truth. Likewise the Greek, ὁράω ( horaō ), often translated “to see,” “to behold,” or “to experience,” can signify both physical  sight (Matthew 2:2) and a deeper  perception or recognition (John 6:36). The word βλέπω (blepō) more directly means “to look,” “to observe.” Sometimes blepo is used in the New Testament for noticing or paying attention (Matthew 5:28). Thus these word denote: Literal Sight : They physically beheld  (like ra’ah  / blepō ) the objects. Spiritual Discernment : By faith  and divine allowance, they gained deeper  conviction—akin to the more profound sense of “seeing” (like horaō ), which implies understanding  and testifying  of heavenly realities. These roots can also cary deeper meanings with words such as רוֹאֶה (rō’eh) and חֹזֶה (ḥōzeh), denoting the concept of seership and one who possesses prophetic visionary capacity. Hence, the “power of sight” in these verses is both a tangible  viewing of sacred objects and a spiritual  perception that confirms their authenticity, grounding the Witnesses’ testimonies in real  and revelatory  experience. Reflection Questions: 1. Why is it significant that the same faith  Joseph used is now extended to Oliver, David, and Martin? 2. In your own life, how can knowing the Book of Mormon is “true” guide your actions or strengthen your witness to others? 3. Understanding that a “seer” (רוֹאֶה, חֹזֶה in Hebrew and often rendered as prophetes προφήτης in Greek) literally means “one who sees” or “visionary,” how might recognizing the Lord’s desire to reveal hidden truths through His chosen seers inspire you to seek deeper spiritual insight in your personal life? Witnesses-Those Who Assist to Bring Forth This Work Why Were the Plates Present During the Translation of the Book of Mormon? Were Joseph Smith’s Translation Instruments Like the Israelite Urim and Thummim? Did a “Magic World View” Influence the Coming Forth of the Book of Mormon? Why Did the Nephites Preserve Some Items as “National Treasures”? Is the Book of Mormon Like Other Ancient Metal Documents? Why Was the Sword of Laban So Important to Nephite Leaders? What Was the Sword of Laban Like? Is There Evidence That Joseph Smith Possessed a Urim and Thummim and Breastplate? Are There Other Ancient Records Like the Book of Mormon? Why Were the Three Witnesses Shown the Liahona? What Can We All Learn about Repentance from the Tragic Loss of the 116 Book of Mormon Pages? What Does the Book of Mormon Teach about Prophets? Why Were the Three Witnesses Shown the Liahona? Why Does Nephi State that We Are Saved by Grace “After All We Can Do"? Verses 7–9 – Shared Power and Protection Theme: Equal Gifts, Divine Purpose Fulfilled Description: These concluding verses declare that the Three Witnesses have received “the same power, and the same faith, and the same gift” as Joseph (v. 7). In fulfilling this commandment, they are promised that “the gates of hell shall not prevail against [them]” (v. 8). Finally, Christ Himself speaks in verse 9, reaffirming He is orchestrating these events to bring about His “righteous purposes.” This highlights heavenly protection for those who step forward with faith to testify—the Lord’s “grace is sufficient” for them, a phrase reminiscent of Moroni’s promise in Ether 12:27 . Hebrew/Greek Insights 1. “Gates of Hell” Hebrew: Sheol  (שְׁאוֹל) – The realm of the dead, often translated as “the grave” or “hell,” though not an exact equivalent to the New Testament concept of “hell.” Shaʿar   (שַׁעַר) – “Gate.” Symbolically, “gates” can represent the stronghold  or power of a city/realm. Greek: Pylai   hadou  (πύλαι ᾅδου) – “Gates of Hades ,” found in Matthew 16:18  (“the gates of hell shall not prevail”). Hades is the underworld or abode of the dead in Greek thought. Cross-Reference: Matthew 16:18  – Christ promises “the gates of hell shall not prevail” against His Church, underlining divine protection  against evil forces. 2. “My Grace Is Sufficient” Hebrew: Ḥēn  (חֵן) – Often translated as “grace,” “favor,” or “acceptance.” Ḥesed  (חֶסֶד) – While often rendered “lovingkindness” or “mercy,” it can underscore God’s gracious loyalty. Greek: Charis  (χάρις) – “Grace,” signifying unearned favor  or blessing from God. Arkei  (ἀρκεῖ) – “Is sufficient,” from 2 Corinthians 12:9  (“My grace is sufficient for thee”). Cross-Reference: 2 Corinthians 12:9  – Paul’s vision: “My grace is sufficient for thee,” emphasizing divine enablement  beyond human weakness. 3. “Lifted Up at the Last Day” Hebrew: Several verbs convey “raise,” “lift,” or “exalt,” such as nāśā’  (נָשָׂא) or hē·ʿĕlâ  (הֵעֵלָה) heir  (הֵעִיר) and heqim  (הֵקִים); to arouse, cause to rise . In the context of resurrection or being lifted to God’s presence, scripture often uses a concept of rising  or exaltation . Greek: Egeirō  (ἐγείρω) – “to raise up,” used for resurrection  ( John 6:40 : “I will raise him up at the last day”). Anastēso  (ἀναστήσω) – Another form meaning “I will raise” (resurrection context). Cross-Reference: John 6:40  – “I will raise him up at the last day,” reiterating Christ’s power over life and promise  of resurrection to believers. Example of the Charaz Literary Form (String of Pearls) In D&C 17:8 , these three power-packed phrases appear in quick succession : “ The gates of hell  shall not prevail against you” “For my grace is sufficient  for you” “You shall be lifted up at the last day ” This Charaz  (Hebrew for “string”) effect means each short, significant  statement stands on its own but, when placed together, forms a concentrated chain  of powerful promises: Divine Protection  from the forces of evil. Sustaining Grace  sufficient for mortal weakness and adversity. Final Exaltation/Resurrection —being raised up to eternal life. Much like linked “pearls” , these three lines of scripture highlight a progression  of salvation: the Lord  protects us, empowers  us through grace, and ultimately exalts  us at the last day. When read one after another, they reinforce each other’s impact —a hallmark of the Charaz  literary device often seen in ancient and modern holy writ. Reflection Questions: 1. How might “the gates of hell shall not prevail against you” apply to modern believers seeking to uphold truth? 2. What does it mean to receive “the same gift” as Joseph, and how can we develop a similar  faith in our own callings? Additional Resources: The Scripture Citation Index Doctrine & Covenants Stories Scripture Stories Coloring Book - D&C Liahona , For the Strength of Youth , Friend Saints The Gospel Learning and Teaching email subscription Revelations in Context: The Stories Behind the Sections of the Doctrine and Covenants Doctrine and Covenants Historical Resources Joseph Smith Papers   Joseph Smith’s Revelations: A Doctrine and Covenants Study Companion from the Joseph Smith Papers Joseph Smith Papers Podcasts Mission of the Prophet Joseph Smith Accounts of the First Vision Prophets of the Restoration Gospel Topics Essays Gospel Topics and Questions Church History Topics Answers to Church History Questions Global Histories Saints, Volume 1 Saints, Volume 2 Revelations in Context Joseph Smith’s Revelations Joseph Smith Papers Podcasts Church History Topics Maps: Church History Maps Northeastern United States Palmyra-Manchester, New York, 1820–31 The New York, Pennsylvania, and Ohio Area of the USA Joseph Smith Papers Joseph Smith's Residences The Scriptures, Mapped

CFM : February 10–16 D&C 10–11  Videos, Podcasts, & Weekly Lesson Material Media Resource Links BYU RSC Library D&C 10-11 With All Diligence of Mind Withstanding the Evil One Come Follow Church History with Lynne Hilton Wilson D&C 10-11 Come Follow Me Kid D&C 10-11 Come Follow Me Scott Woodward & Casey Griffiths D&C 10-11 The MIRACULOUS Translation Timeline of the Book of Mormon with John W. Welch Come Follow Up D&C 10-11 Don't Miss This D&C 10-11 Follow Him D&C 10-11 Doctrine & Covenants 10-11 Part 1 • Sis. Chelsea Chipman Doctrine & Covenants 10-11 Part 2 • Sis. Chelsea Chipman Voices of the Restoration • The Translation of the Book of Mormon • Dr. Gerrit Dirkmaat Grounded with Barbara Morgan D&C 10-11 Hurricane Adult Religion Class D&C 10-11 Translation of the Book of Mormon; the Three Witnesses Video Notes Slides Joseph Smith’s early revelations to family and friends; restoration of the Melchizedek Priesthood Video Notes Slides Seminary Decks MONDAY FEB 10th - D&C 10 - "MY WISDOM" TUESDAY FEB 11th - D&C 11:1-7 "ETERNAL LIFE" WEDNESDAY FEB 12th - D&C 11:8-30 "SEEK THE KINGDOM" Latter Day Kids D&C 10-11 Tuning In To the Holy Ghost Line Upon Line D&C 10-11 Meridian Magazine Podcast D&C 10-11 ( not yet posted ) Our Mother's Knew It D&C 10-11 Saving Talents D&C 10-11 Scripture Study Central D&C 10-11 Come Follow Me Insights (Doctrine and Covenants 10-11, Feb 1-7) Come Follow Me: Act in Doctrine (The Lost 116 pages) Come Follow Me with Casey Paul Griffiths Come Follow Me with Taylor Halverson (Doctrine and Covenants 10-11, Feb 1-7) Doctrine and Covenants 10, with Scott Woodward The OLDEST (ORIGINAL) Manuscript of Section 11 of the Doctrine and Covenants! Doctrine and Covenants Contexts: D&C 10  and 11   Steven C. Harper Doctrine and Covenants Minute: D&C 10  and 11   Casey Griffiths Restoration Voices Volume 2: D&C 10  and 11  Susan Easton Black Scripture Explorers D&C 10-11 Scripture Gems D&C 10-11 Scripture Insights D&C 10-11 Talking Scripture D&C 10-11 The Interpreter Foundation D&C 10-11 Study and Teaching Helps: 2025 Doctrine & Covenants  Jonn Claybaugh Interpreter Radio Show — January 19, 2025, including Doctrine & Covenants in Context Nibley Lectures: Come, Follow Me Doctrine and Covenants Lesson 7 (D&C 10–11) “This Great Mystery”: Gathering Still Other Sheep through the New Covenant of Peace, Interpreting Interpreter: Mysterious Sheep, That Which You Have Translated, Which You Have Retained, Come, Follow Me Study and Teaching Helps — Lesson 6: D&C 10–11 Audio Roundtable: Come, Follow Me Doctrine and Covenants Lesson 6 Scripture Roundtable: Book of Mormon Gospel Doctrine Lesson 1, “The Keystone of Our Religion” (D&C 10–11) Scripture Roundtable: D&C Gospel Doctrine Lesson 11, "The Field Is White Already to Harvest" Scripture Roundtable: D&C Gospel Doctrine Lesson 6, "I Will Tell You in Your Mind and in Your Heart, by the Holy Ghost" Scripture Roundtable: D&C Gospel Doctrine Lesson 4, "Remember the New Covenant, Even the Book of Mormon" Scripture Roundtable: D&C Gospel Doctrine Lesson 6 (2013) The Red Crystal D&C 10-11 The Scriptures are Real D&C 10-11 Unshaken D&C 10-11 Resources and Insights for this Week's Lesson   Literary Patterns in Doctrine & Covenants 11 In last week’s lesson , we introduced several Hebraic literary devices  seen in Section 6 of the Doctrine and Covenants—namely Pesher , Transpolation , and Charaz , along with Chiasmus , which is a form we have encountered multiple times in previous lessons. In Doctrine & Covenants 11 , we observe some of these same patterns again as the Lord instructs Hyrum Smith  on preparing to preach the gospel. Though this revelation is brief, it clearly showcases some of these literary styles. Joseph Smith  himself may not have realized he was using these techniques; he may have simply recorded what the Lord revealed to him. However, his reliance on revelatory methods  (such as the Urim & Thummim ) might have naturally produced biblical  and Hebraic  modes of form and expression. Below are four literary patterns  that appear in D&C 11. 1. Charaz —  A “String of Pearls”: Short, Powerful Succession of Commands Have you noticed how D&C 11 has quick, direct instructions , like: “Keep my commandments” (vv. 6, 9) “Seek not to declare but first obtain my word” (vv. 21–22) “Pray always” (v. 5) These brief teachings are like pearls  on a string—each one is important, and together, these phrases form a broader message, even forming sermons within sermons. In biblical studies, in Hebrew,  this is sometimes called charaz  (which means “stringing pearls”). The Lord gives Hyrum important truths  in short segmented statements that are easy to identify and remember. 2. Chiasmus — Outlined Repetitions and Small Parallel Patterns (Partial) Chiasmus  is a fancy term for a writing style where ideas repeat in a mirror pattern, often highlighting the main point in the middle, forming a symmetrical (A-B-C-D-C-B-A) menorah-type pattern. We can observe this form in D&C 11  as follows: A – “Your desire to serve is good.” (See verse 1: Joseph recognizes Hyrum’s righteous wish to assist in the Lord’s work.) B – “Keep my commandments” (See verse 6: Emphasizing obedience as a foundation for receiving blessings.) C – “Seek the Holy Ghost, be patient, and do not rush” (See verses 12–13: The Lord warns Hyrum to wait upon the Spirit and not declare the word prematurely.) D – “Obtain my word first” (See verse 21: The central pivot, urging Hyrum to learn and internalize God’s word before preaching.) C′ – “Then your tongue shall be loosed” (See verse 22: Echoing C, but now the Lord promises power to speak once Hyrum has prepared.) B′ – “Blessed are you if you keep my commandments” (See verse 25: Again highlighting the importance of obedience and the blessings that follow.) A′ – “Go forth, trusting in me” (See verse 30: The revelation concludes with reassurance, circling back to Hyrum’s desire  and reminding him to trust the Lord’s support.) Why This Matters Mirror Structure : Notice how the first and last  points (A/A′) refer to desire  and trust , while the second and second-to-last (B/B′) both stress obedience . This repetition “frames” the central idea (D) about first obtaining the Lord’s word . Emphasizing the Center : By placing “ Obtain my word first ” in the middle (D), the text calls attention to the Lord’s priority that Hyrum (and we) learn divine truth before teaching others. Spiritual Application : Reflecting on this pattern helps us remember  these principles: maintain a righteous desire , follow God’s commandments , patiently seek the Spirit , learn His word , and then declare it with confidence and the Lord’s support . 3. Pesher — Borrowing from Scripture: Applying Bible Teachings Pesher  is an old way of reading and interpreting scripture (this is sometimes called Pesher exegesis), where you take a prophecy or teaching from ancient times and apply it to the present situation. Pesher  (פֵּשֶׁר) is a Hebrew word meaning “interpretation”  or “solution.”  It appears most prominently in the Dead Sea Scrolls  found at Qumran, where pesher  texts quote or reference an earlier prophetic passage (often from the Old Testament) and then provide an interpretive commentary  or solution that applies it to the community’s current events or leaders. The basic sense of the Hebrew term is that of explaining  or solving  a mystery or concern using scripture lessons and examples.  In D&C 11, the Lord uses biblical ideas  and connects them to Hyrum’s mission, such as: “The field is white already to harvest” ( John 4:35 ) → Telling Hyrum it’s time to help gather people to Christ. “If you ask, you shall receive” ( Matthew 7:7 , James 1:5 ) → Reminding Hyrum to pray and expect answers (”Seek and Expect Miracles,” The Power of Spiritual Momentum ) Even though Joseph Smith isn’t quoting these segments word-for-word in a long passage, the Lord is using familiar Bible verses  and applying them to a new situation  in 1829—much like pesher . 4. Transpolation — Mixing Explanation and Instructions What Is Transpolation? Transpolation  is a writing or revelatory style where explanatory commentary  is woven  into or between the main storyline or message. Rather than simply giving a direct, linear answer—like “Yes, do X, then Y”—the text keeps slipping  into deeper explanations and principles. It’s similar to when a teacher, answering a question in class, adds context or examples mid-sentence, turning a simple answer into a fuller learning moment. How It Works in Doctrine & Covenants 11 1. Layering Hyrum’s Question with Broader Lessons Initial Prompt:  Hyrum Smith wants to know how he can best help in the Lord’s work. The Lord’s Response:  Instead of a short “You can preach,” we see multiple “interruptions”  that expand on: Repentance Humility Patience Learning God’s word thoroughly Relying on the Holy Ghost This layering  means the text moves back and forth between: Immediate concern  (Hyrum’s desire to serve), and General principles  of discipleship and spiritual growth. 2. Interspersing Commentary Within a Short Revelation No Linear Q&A:  Section 11 could have been just “Here’s your next step, Hyrum.” Instead, the Lord places side teachings  in the middle of advising Hyrum. For example: Right after acknowledging Hyrum’s good desire (v. 1), the Lord suddenly reminds him about relying on God’s power  rather than man’s understanding (vv. 2–5). Then He shifts to commandment-keeping  (vv. 6–10), offering broad counsel applicable to anyone seeking spiritual gifts, not just Hyrum. Only afterward does the text circle back to how Hyrum can actively  help (vv. 20–30). 3. Seamless Mixing of Context and Instruction Context:  Hyrum’s readiness and question. Explanations Inserted:  Teaching about prayer, obedience, avoiding haste, and “obtaining the word first.” Return to Context:  The final verses reaffirm Hyrum’s call, now with a deeper spiritual perspective. Because the Lord does  not  present all of Hyrum’s questions up front and then address them in one block, the revelation feels  layered and multifaceted . These “interruptions” or inserted  explanations help the text function as both practical advice  for Hyrum and a universal guide  for anyone desiring to serve God. The Role of the Urim & Thummim Joseph Smith used seer stones  called the Urim & Thummim  for many early revelations, including D&C 11. At the same time, he was translating the Book of Mormon , which has Hebrew-style  writing (like we see in the Bible). Because of this, these revelations often sound  like ancient scripture—sometimes repeating ideas, building patterns, or quoting biblical phrases. It appears that God guided Joseph’s language to match timeless  scriptural forms so they’d feel familiar  and powerful  to readers. Why Does This Matter? Reading D&C 11 with an eye for these literary patterns  can help us: Remember  important commands more easily. Notice  that God often repeats and layers His messages—just like in the Bible—to make them stick in our minds. Realize  that the Lord speaks to us in ways that connect His ancient word to our present circumstances. Appreciate  the deep, scriptural feel  of modern revelation, linking us to believers from ancient times. Ultimately, Doctrine & Covenants 11  shows that if we listen  to the Lord, prepare  ourselves (by reading and obeying His word), and wait  for the right time, we can share His gospel with real power . And that message—just like these literary patterns—ties our day back  to the rich heritage of scripture. D&C STUDY GUIDE Some Ways You Can Use This Study Guide Personal Study:  Read each verse (or group of verses) in D&C 10 , then refer to the chart’s central themes, description, and biblical/Hebrew/Greek insights. Copy and paste desired sections and links into your Scripture notes using your LDS Tools.  Add any additional insights and incorporate these into your personal collection, keeping the things you want to have easily accessible in one place. Teaching Settings:  Present each row as an opportunity for discussion points. Invite learners to visit CFMCorner.com so they can come to class prepared to share things they discovered while exploring the available resources and cross-references. Encourage them to share their insights.  As time permits, some Hebrew/Greek terms  are provided as cross-references to deepen understanding of linguistic or cultural context. However, this represents only a tiny sampling of what is available and waiting to be discovered.  Dive in and enjoy the resources that are available.   D&C 11 Section Outline Overview: Doctrine & Covenants 11  is a revelation given through Joseph Smith to his older brother Hyrum Smith . It was received through the Urim & Thummim in May 1829 , shortly after the restoration of the Aaronic Priesthood (see D&C 13) and while Joseph and Oliver were actively translating the Book of Mormon. In this section, the Lord counsels Hyrum to seek God’s word first  and prepare himself before embarking on the work of proclaiming the gospel. Themes of personal revelation, preparation, and spiritual readiness  are prominent. Timeframe and Setting: Date:  May 1829 (shortly after the restoration of the Aaronic Priesthood on May 15, 1829) Location:  Harmony, Pennsylvania Occasion:  Hyrum Smith was eager to assist in the Lord’s work and sought counsel from Joseph regarding what he should do. Key Circumstances: The Book of Mormon translation was underway; Hyrum wanted to know how to help. The Aaronic Priesthood had just been conferred upon Joseph Smith and Oliver Cowdery by John the Baptist (D&C 13), and interest in the unfolding Restoration was growing. Hyrum, like many close to Joseph, sensed the importance of the work but needed personal revelation  on his role. Purpose of the Revelation: Direct  Hyrum to “obtain [God’s] word” first, emphasizing preparation before preaching. Promise  divine guidance and blessings if Hyrum keeps the commandments and seeks the Spirit. Encourage  Hyrum (and all disciples) to rely on God’s wisdom and timing rather than rushing forward unprepared. Significance: Emphasizes  the principle that one must be spiritually nourished  before effectively sharing the gospel. Reaffirms  the doctrine of personal revelation : each individual can receive knowledge and instruction from God for their own mission. Invites  believers to “seek first to obtain my word”  (verse 21), a timeless principle for all who desire to serve in the Lord’s work. Main Topics and Themes from D&C 11 Main Topic & Theme Resources & Links Verses 1–5 – Divine Counsel and Readiness Theme : Desire to Serve, Humility, Preparation Description : The Lord acknowledges Hyrum’s desire to assist in the work (v. 1). He underscores the need to be humble and rely on divine counsel rather than personal wisdom. Before rushing into preaching, Hyrum is encouraged to keep the commandments and keep in remembrance that all power and gifts come from God. These verses mirror the call in D&C 4:3—if we have desires to serve God, we are called. However, the Lord stresses that desire alone isn’t sufficient; one must be prepared spiritually and walk uprightly. Hebrew/Greek Insight: - Desire can tie to Hebrew ḥēp̱eṣ  (חֵפֶץ), meaning “delight” or “pleasure,” but also implying a strong inclination that motivates action. Reflection Questions: 1. How can a genuine desire to serve the Lord be refined into effective discipleship? 2. When have you felt prompted to act quickly but realized you first needed to grow in knowledge or spiritual strength? 3. In what ways does humility help us keep in mind that all power ultimately comes from God and not from ourselves? How Did Hyrum Smith Help Bring Forth the Book of Mormon? Hyrum Smith Section 11 “ Joseph Smith’s Support at Home ,” “ Why Was a Stone Used as an Aid in Translating the Book of Mormon? D&C 4:3 (If ye have desires to serve God, ye are called) Proverbs 3:5–6 (Trust in the Lord)   John 7:17 (Willingness to do God’s will leads to knowledge) 1 Timothy 3:1  (If a man desire the office… he desireth a good work) How Are Rod and Sword Connected to the Word of God?  “ What Role Does the Book of Mormon Play in Missionary Work? “ Time of Gathering ” VVerses 6–10 – Obedience & Personal Righteousness Theme: Keep the Commandments, God’s Will Description: The Lord repeatedly emphasizes keeping His commandments (v. 6) and seeking His will in all things. Hyrum is reminded that God’s blessings are often conditional on our obedience. Much like D&C 82:10 states, “I, the Lord, am bound when ye do what I say...” He also encourages Hyrum to “seek not to declare my word, but first seek to obtain my word” (similar counsel in upcoming verses). A foundation of righteousness is the gateway to receiving further light. Hebrew/Greek Insight: Obedience (Hebrew “ šāma ʿ” שָׁמַע): More than just hearing— it implies heeding or acting upon God’s instructions. Reflection Questions: 1. How do you see obedience functioning as a spiritual foundation for further light and knowledge? 2. Why is it crucial that “commandment-keeping” precede the call to preach or declare God’s word? 3. In your own life, what conditional blessings have you observed that hinge upon faithful obedience? D&C 82:10 (Lord is bound when we obey) Mosiah 2:41 (Blessed and happy state of those who keep commandments) John 14:15 (If ye love me, keep my commandments) “ Why Did Nephi Want to Know the Mysteries of God? D&C 82:10 (Lord is bound when we obey)   Mosiah 2:41 (Blessed and happy state of those who keep commandments)   John 14:15 (If ye love me, keep my commandments) Verses 11–15 – Seek Counsel & the Holy Ghos t Theme: Divine Guidance, Avoiding Haste Description: Hyrum is counseled to be patient, seek the Spirit, and wait upon further command before preaching (v. 15). Echoing D&C 9:7–9, the Lord expects active but patient diligence in acquiring spiritual knowledge. These verses highlight the importance of preparation, gaining God’s word thoroughly—through prayer, study, and the Holy Ghost—before stepping forward publicly. Hyrum (and we) are likewise reminded not to “run faster than [we] have strength” (Mosiah 4:27). Hebrew/Greek Insight: - Counsel (Hebrew “ʿ ēṣāh ” עֵצָה): Suggests advice or purposeful guidance from God, requiring a humble heart to receive it. Reflection Questions: 1. Why might the Lord sometimes instruct us to wait before engaging in certain callings or assignments? 2. What experiences have shown you the importance of the Holy Ghost’s guidance over haste or self-driven urgency? 3. How can we balance the righteous desire to serve with patience and readiness for the right moment? D&C 9:7–9 (Guidance on seeking revelation) Mosiah 4:27 (Do not run faster than you have strength) James 1:5 (Ask of God for wisdom) Verses 16–20 – Obtain God’s Word, Then Teach Theme : Search the Scriptures, Prepared Speech Description : These verses reinforce the principle: “First seek to obtain my word… then shall your tongue be loosed” (v. 21 in parallel passage). While specifically not quoted here, the concept is repeated throughout D&C 11, stressing thorough scriptural and spiritual knowledge before public ministry. The counsel is especially relevant in a Restoration context: as future missionaries, teachers, or leaders, we must be immersed in God’s truth. Only then do we teach with power and authority. Hebrew/Greek Insight: - Word (Greek “ logos ” λόγος): In a biblical sense, “divine utterance” or “message.” Internalizing the “logos” equips us to speak by the Spirit. Reflection Questions : 1. How do you see obedience functioning as a spiritual foundation for further light and knowledge? 2. Why is it crucial that “commandment-keeping” precede the call to preach or declare God’s word? 3. In your own life, what conditional blessings have you observed that hinge upon faithful obedience? D&C 50:13–14 (Ordained to preach the gospel by the Spirit) Luke 24:32 (He opened the scriptures to us) 1 Nephi 19:23 (Likening scriptures to ourselves) Verses 21–25 – The Field Is White, But Prepare First Theme : Missionary Labor, Trusting Divine Timing Description : These verses echo the well-known image of the field being white already to harvest (D&C 4:4; John 4:35). Hyrum is reassured that there is abundant work to do, but he must not jump in unprepared. By combining the metaphor of harvest with caution to wait on the Lord’s timing, the revelation teaches that urgency must be coupled with spiritual preparedness.The Lord’s repeated counsel about readiness, both in D&C 4 and D&C 11, shows how essential it is to cultivate the attributes of faith, hope, charity, and knowledge. Hebrew/Greek Insight :- Harvest (Greek “ therismos ” θερισμός, קצר qṣr ): In scripture, harvest frequently symbolizes gathering souls into the kingdom of God. Reflection Questions : 1. How do you see the balance of urgency (the field is white) and patient preparation at work in your own calling or assignments? 2. In what ways can we cultivate the divine attributes mentioned in scripture to become better “harvesters” of souls? 3. When have you experienced an outpouring of spiritual power only after a season of methodical, prayerful preparation? D&C 6:36 (Look unto Christ in every thought) D&C 18:15–16 (The worth of souls in missionary work) Mosiah 3:19 (We must become as a child—submissive and humble) D&C 4 (Also about the field white to harvest) John 4:35 (Fields white already to harvest) Alma 13:3–4 (Priesthood calls from the foundation of the world, but requires preparation) Verses 26–30 – Concluding Counsel & Promise Theme: The Lord’s Sustaining Power, Assurance of Success Description: The Lord concludes by reiterating that as Hyrum (and all faithful disciples) trusts divine wisdom, success in sharing the gospel is assured—though it may not always come in the form or timing we expect. Emphasizing that the work is the Lord’s, He promises that obedience, humility, and reliance on the Spirit will yield eternal fruit. The final verses remind us that we each have a personal calling from God, but we must fulfill it with proper preparation, faith, and patience—the same counsel given to Hyrum. Hebrew/Greek Insight: - Sustain/Support (Hebrew “ tāmakh ” תָּמַךְ): literally “to uphold, grasp, or keep secure.” God’s promise to uphold the faithful underscores that we are never alone in His work. Reflection Questions: 1. Why is it comforting to know the Lord ultimately grants success to our sincere efforts, even if immediate results aren’t always visible? 2. In what ways does God’s sustaining power give you confidence to move forward in your individual calling or responsibilities? 3. How can Hyrum’s example—seeking knowledge first, then proceeding with faith—inform your approach to new opportunities or challenging tasks? D&C 6:36 (Look unto Christ in every thought) D&C 18:15–16 (The worth of souls in missionary work) Mosiah 3:19 (We must become as a child—submissive and humble Takashi Wada - The Words of Christ and the Holy Ghost Will Lead Us to the Truth Elder Bednar - Our Work is to Keep the Commandments Elder Wirthlin - Thrwating Satan's Evil Design Additional Resources: The Scripture Citation Index Doctrine & Covenants Stories Scripture Stories Coloring Book - D&C Liahona , For the Strength of Youth , Friend Saints The Gospel Learning and Teaching email subscription Revelations in Context: The Stories Behind the Sections of the Doctrine and Covenants Doctrine and Covenants Historical Resources Joseph Smith Papers   Joseph Smith’s Revelations: A Doctrine and Covenants Study Companion from the Joseph Smith Papers Joseph Smith Papers Podcasts Mission of the Prophet Joseph Smith Accounts of the First Vision Prophets of the Restoration Gospel Topics Essays Gospel Topics and Questions Church History Topics Answers to Church History Questions Global Histories Saints, Volume 1 Saints, Volume 2 Revelations in Context Joseph Smith’s Revelations Joseph Smith Papers Podcasts Church History Topics Maps: Church History Maps Northeastern United States Palmyra-Manchester, New York, 1820–31 The New York, Pennsylvania, and Ohio Area of the USA Joseph Smith Papers Joseph Smith's Residences The Scriptures, Mapped

CFM : February 10–16 D&C 10–11  Videos, Podcasts, & Weekly Lesson Material Media Resource Links BYU RSC Library D&C 10-11 With All Diligence of Mind Withstanding the Evil One Come Follow Church History with Lynne Hilton Wilson D&C 10-11 Come Follow Me Kid D&C 10-11 Come Follow Me Scott Woodward & Casey Griffiths D&C 10-11 The MIRACULOUS Translation Timeline of the Book of Mormon with John W. Welch Come Follow Up D&C 10-11 Don't Miss This D&C 10-11 Follow Him D&C 10-11 Doctrine & Covenants 10-11 Part 1 • Sis. Chelsea Chipman Doctrine & Covenants 10-11 Part 2 • Sis. Chelsea Chipman Voices of the Restoration • The Translation of the Book of Mormon • Dr. Gerrit Dirkmaat Grounded with Barbara Morgan D&C 10-11 Hurricane Adult Religion Class D&C 10-11 Translation of the Book of Mormon; the Three Witnesses Video Notes Slides Joseph Smith’s early revelations to family and friends; restoration of the Melchizedek Priesthood Video Notes Slides Seminary Decks MONDAY FEB 10th - D&C 10 - "MY WISDOM" TUESDAY FEB 11th - D&C 11:1-7 "ETERNAL LIFE" WEDNESDAY FEB 12th - D&C 11:8-30 "SEEK THE KINGDOM" Latter Day Kids D&C 10-11 Tuning In To the Holy Ghost Line Upon Line D&C 10-11 Meridian Magazine Podcast D&C 10-11 ( not yet posted ) Our Mother's Knew It D&C 10-11 Saving Talents D&C 10-11 Scripture Study Central D&C 10-11 Come Follow Me Insights (Doctrine and Covenants 10-11, Feb 1-7) Come Follow Me: Act in Doctrine (The Lost 116 pages) Come Follow Me with Casey Paul Griffiths Come Follow Me with Taylor Halverson (Doctrine and Covenants 10-11, Feb 1-7) Doctrine and Covenants 10, with Scott Woodward The OLDEST (ORIGINAL) Manuscript of Section 11 of the Doctrine and Covenants! Doctrine and Covenants Contexts: D&C 10  and 11   Steven C. Harper Doctrine and Covenants Minute: D&C 10  and 11   Casey Griffiths Restoration Voices Volume 2: D&C 10  and 11  Susan Easton Black Scripture Explorers D&C 10-11 Scripture Gems D&C 10-11 Scripture Insights D&C 10-11 Talking Scripture D&C 10-11 The Interpreter Foundation D&C 10-11 Study and Teaching Helps: 2025 Doctrine & Covenants  Jonn Claybaugh Interpreter Radio Show — January 19, 2025, including Doctrine & Covenants in Context Nibley Lectures: Come, Follow Me Doctrine and Covenants Lesson 7 (D&C 10–11) “This Great Mystery”: Gathering Still Other Sheep through the New Covenant of Peace, Interpreting Interpreter: Mysterious Sheep, That Which You Have Translated, Which You Have Retained, Come, Follow Me Study and Teaching Helps — Lesson 6: D&C 10–11 Audio Roundtable: Come, Follow Me Doctrine and Covenants Lesson 6 Scripture Roundtable: Book of Mormon Gospel Doctrine Lesson 1, “The Keystone of Our Religion” (D&C 10–11) Scripture Roundtable: D&C Gospel Doctrine Lesson 11, "The Field Is White Already to Harvest" Scripture Roundtable: D&C Gospel Doctrine Lesson 6, "I Will Tell You in Your Mind and in Your Heart, by the Holy Ghost" Scripture Roundtable: D&C Gospel Doctrine Lesson 4, "Remember the New Covenant, Even the Book of Mormon" Scripture Roundtable: D&C Gospel Doctrine Lesson 6 (2013) The Red Crystal D&C 10-11 The Scriptures are Real D&C 10-11 Unshaken D&C 10-11 Resources and Insights for this Week's Lesson   Apologies for the delay this week. I’ve been out of town and away from my main computer, which I needed to propagate some of the links for this week's lesson. There are so many valuable insights in this week’s materials, and rather than simply reiterating what has already been beautifully covered by others, my goal is to provide additional insights and resources to enrich and build upon those foundations. Therefore, this week, I’ll be focusing on some fascinating literary patterns found in section 11. We see these patterns in many of the early sections of D&C, particularly those that specify that they were received through the aid of the Urim and Thummim. These patterns are highly significant, and insights for this section are included in Part 2 of this lesson. D&C STUDY GUIDE Some Ways You Can Use This Study Guide Personal Study:  Read each verse (or group of verses) in D&C 10 , then refer to the chart’s central themes, description, and biblical/Hebrew/Greek insights. Copy and paste desired sections and links into your Scripture notes using your LDS Tools.  Add any additional insights and incorporate these into your personal collection, keeping the things you want to have easily accessible in one place. Teaching Settings:  Present each row as an opportunity for discussion points. Invite learners to visit CFMCorner.com so they can come to class prepared to share things they discovered while exploring the available resources and cross-references. Encourage them to share their insights.  As time permits, some Hebrew/Greek terms  are provided as cross-references to deepen understanding of linguistic or cultural context. However, this represents only a tiny sampling of what is available and waiting to be discovered.  Dive in and enjoy the available resources.   D&C 10 Chapter Outline Overview: Doctrine & Covenants 10  is a revelation that addresses Joseph Smith’s predicament after the loss of the 116 manuscript pages of the Book of Mormon. The Lord exposes the plot of adversaries who intend to discredit the Book of Mormon by altering the lost pages. He instructs Joseph not to re-translate the missing portion but to rely on an alternate record (the small plates of Nephi) that covers the same historical period. This revelation underscores God’s foreknowledge and His power to fulfill His purposes despite human error. Timeframe and Setting: Date:  Primarily received in April 1829 (with portions possibly earlier in summer 1828). Location:  Harmony, Pennsylvania. Occasion:  Joseph Smith, having lost the 116 pages through Martin Harris, sought the Lord’s guidance on how to proceed with the Book of Mormon translation. Key Circumstances: Joseph was temporarily chastened and lost the ability to translate (see D&C 3). Enemies planned to modify the lost manuscript to undermine Joseph’s prophetic calling. The Lord instructed Joseph to use the small plates of Nephi instead of re-translating the lost portion. Purpose of the Revelation: Warn  Joseph of the enemy’s cunning plan and prevent re-translation. Reinstate  Joseph’s calling to translate under strict obedience. Demonstrate  God’s power and omniscience in protecting His work. Significance: Shows that no mortal error  can ultimately thwart God’s designs. Emphasizes repentance, obedience,  and the restoration of spiritual gifts  when we follow divine counsel. Highlights the Book of Mormon’s  divinely orchestrated preservation and testifies of God’s foreknowledge . Main Topics and Themes from D&C 10 Major Topics & Themes Resources & Links  Verses 1–5 – Divine Guidance and the Need for Humility Themes:  Obedience, Repentance, Consequences, Prayer, Organization, and Time Management Description:  The Lord reminds Joseph Smith of his mistake (losing the 116 pages) and reiterates the importance of humility and reliance on prayer. He restores the translating gift to Joseph and stresses the importance of faithfully continuing with the work.  His directive to not “run faster than he has strength” and to  “pray always” (v. 5) recalls Book of Mormon and New Testament counsel ( Luke 18:1 , & Mosiah 4:27 ). This reminds us of the importance of wisdom, order, and prioritizing our time appropriately so that we can attain the goals the Lord has for us. Hebrew/Greek Insight:   Repent:  (Greek “ metanoeō ” μετανοέω)  implies a profound change of mind and heart, not just regret. Restore:  In D&C 10:3 , the Lord’s declaration that Joseph Smith’s gift “has been restored unto you again” resonates with the biblical ideas of returning , re-establishing , and making whole . Whether in Hebrew  (שׁוּב shuv , שָׁלֵם shalam ) or Greek  (ἀποκαθίστημι - apokathístēmi , ἀποκατάστασις - apokatástasis from kathistēmi ), the concept of restoration underscores that God is the source of power who brings back/ heals what was lost to its original intended state —in this case, Joseph’s ability to translate. This act also foreshadows and symbolizes the larger “Restoration”  of divine truths, authority, and states of being in the latter days. Conquer:  In D&C 10:5 , the promise “that you may come off conqueror” resonates with the biblical ideas of: Greek νικάω “ nikaō ” (to overcome, to be victorious related to the Greek noun Nikē “Νίκη”) , highlighting a personal, spiritual triumph  akin to Revelation’s call for believers to overcome the world and its challenges ( John 16:33 , Revelation 3:21 ). Hebrew גָּבַר “ gāvar ” / יָכֹל “ yākol ” (to prevail, valiant, to be able) , framing victory as a covenantal  reliance on God’s strength, akin to Israel’s triumphs under God’s guidance ( Genesis 32:28 , Exodus 17:11 ). Thus, to “come off conqueror” is to emerge triumphant  in spiritual battles through faith, obedience,  and divine empowerment —a message central to scripture and manifest across Hebraic and Greco-Christian traditions alike. Questions for Contemplation:   How can prayer help us align our priorities, increase our focus, and practice effective time management in both our spiritual and daily responsibilities? How can we transform past mistakes into catalysts for growth by distinguishing between paralyzing shame and humble self-awareness? In what ways might each response—shame or humility—either hold us back or inspire us to move forward? When you think about the promise that we can ‘come off conqueror,’ how might relying on God’s strength and guidance shape the way you overcome personal challenges, both spiritually and in everyday responsibilities? Martin Harris The Contributions of Martin Harris All Is Lost Book of Mormon Translation Gold Plates Printing and Publishing the Book of Mormon “ How Did Martin Harris Help Bring Forth the Book of Mormon? “ How Does the “Mosiah-First” Translation Sequence Strengthen Faith? “ What Can We All Learn about Repentance from the Tragic Loss of the 116 Book of Mormon Pages?   “ Why Did the Book of Mormon Come Forth as a Miracle? “ Why Is the Timing of the Book of Mormon’s Translation So “Marvelous”? “ Is There Evidence That Joseph Smith Possessed a Urim and Thummim and Breastplate? “ Withstanding the Evil One ,” “ Why Does Jesus Say that “Ye Must Watch and Pray Always”?   “ Why Must One Pray Always to Endure to the End?   “ Olive Tree ,” D&C 3:7–10 (Related chastening for losing 116 pages) -   Luke 18:1 (Men ought always to pray) Verses 6–10 – Mercy and Conditional Blessings Theme:  God’s Will, Forgiveness, Healthy Boundaries Protect Us Description:  The Lord extends mercy to Joseph Smith but makes blessings contingent upon obedience (see D&C 82:10 ). In effect, the Lord sets a protective boundary : Joseph is commanded not  to re-translate the lost manuscript, thereby preventing further attempts to alter or misuse those pages. This episode illustrates how divine mercy and wisdom  can coexist with accountability  and prudence  in dealing with adversarial forces. Just as Christ counseled His followers to be “wise as serpents and harmless as doves” ( Matthew 10:16 ), we can apply healthy boundaries  without harboring fear or malice. This principle is reflected in the Hebrew concept of shamar  (שָׁמַר) —to guard or keep— gavel  ( גָּבַל)  —to set bounds, and the Greek terms for wisdom and innocence ( phronimos  φρόνιμος and akeraios  ἀκεραίος). Setting such boundaries shows reverence for what’s sacred, safeguards the Lord’s work, and allows us to move forward in faith and trust. Hebrew/Greek Insight: Mercy (Greek “ eleos ” ἔλεος):  Conveys compassionate kindness—God’s readiness to help His children despite their frailties. Boundaries in Scripture:  Hebrew shamar (שָׁמַר)  implies “to guard or protect,” gavel  ( גָּבַל)  means to set bounds,  highlighting the biblical principle of setting clear limits for safety and holiness. “Wise as serpents, harmless as doves” (Matt. 10:16):  Greek phronimos  (φρόνιμος) means wise/prudent; akeraios  (ἀκεραίος) means clean, pure, or innocent. Together, they affirm that we can be vigilant without being distrustful or unkind. Reflection Questions: How can we, like Joseph, extend mercy or forgiveness yet still establish healthy boundaries with those who have proven unreliable or hostile? In what ways does Christ’s counsel (“wise as serpents, harmless as doves”) guide us in creating boundaries that protect sacred responsibilities while maintaining charity? How might ignoring or dismissing prudent boundaries jeopardize our spiritual growth or divine blessings? D&C 82:10 (Lord is bound when we do what He says) Matthew 10:16  (“Wise as serpents, harmless as doves”) Verses 11–15 – God’s Foreknowledge and Preparation Theme:  Omniscience, Protection from Deceit Description:  The Lord reveals that He permitted certain events (like losing the 116 pages) “for a wise purpose”  (v. 13). This section highlights how individuals may try to “alter the words”  and use deceit to discredit the translation, but the Lord assures Joseph that no plan can ultimately thwart His designs. He prepared contingencies (the small plates, among other measures) to protect the Book of Mormon’s integrity. In emphasizing God’s omniscience , these verses also expose the devil’s strategies of trickery and distortion. Satan  (Hebrew śāṭān  שָׂטָן, “adversary/accuser”) actively works to undermine divine work and plant doubt. The Lord’s message is clear: nothing can overthrow  what He has foreseen and established. This promise of protection teaches us to trust in God’s long-range vision, especially when adversarial voices rise. Hebrew/Greek Insight: - “Satan” (Hebrew śāṭān  שָׂטָן):  meaning “adversary” or “accuser,” used throughout the Old Testament to denote one who opposes or brings accusations against God’s people. This underscores the devil’s role in deception  and cunning —plotting to twist truth for destructive ends. Reflection Questions: 1. How does trusting in God’s foreknowledge and preparation help us stay anchored when circumstances seem uncertain or when others attempt to distort the truth? 2. What do these verses teach us about recognizing and resisting the adversary’s deceptive tactics in our personal lives? 3. Why might God allow challenges or adversarial plots to unfold, and how could such experiences actually strengthen faith or clarify truth? Isaiah 55:8–9 (God’s thoughts higher than ours) “The Great Imitator” - Pres. Faust (excellent!) Isaiah 29:20–21 (Evil counsel, making a man an offender for a word) 2 Corinthians 2:11  (We are not ignorant of Satan’s devices) 1 Peter 5:8  (“Your adversary the devil…walketh about, seeking whom he may devour”) “ What Was on the Lost 116 Pages? (1 Nephi 9:5) .” Verses 16–20 – The Adversary’s Tactics Theme:  Deception, Fear vs. Faith, Motivation Description:  The Lord highlights how Satan’s primary goal is to sow fear  and confusion . Joseph Smith is counseled to stand firm  in faith, assured that the Book of Mormon’s coming forth cannot be halted by the devil’s schemes. Satan often operates as the great counterfeit , taking divine truths and subtly twisting or repurposing them to fulfill his ambitions. By imitating or distorting what is good, he aims to deceive even the faithful (see 2 Corinthians 11:14 ). The word for “fear” in Greek, phobos  (φόβος), highlights the paralyzing dread the adversary seeks to instill, undermining faith and motivation. This passage teaches us that while Satan’s methods are cunning, the Lord’s power and truth  outlast and outshine every counterfeit. The knowledge of the adversary’s tactics helps us remain grounded in trust and forward momentum, rather than giving in to panic or doubt. Hebrew/Greek Insight: - Fear (Greek “ phobos ” φόβος):  Connotes dread or terror, which can immobilize us spiritually if we yield to it. By rejecting fear  and relying on faith , disciples can break free from Satan’s paralyzing influence. - Devil (Greek “ diabolos ” διάβολος):  Literally “slanderer” or “accuser,” often linked with deception and division. Satan is not  a creator of truth but a corrupter —he misuses what already exists. Reflective Questions: 1. In what ways does Satan employ subtle counterfeits of truth or goodness to mislead us? How can we recognize these distortions early on? 2. What role does fear (phobos) play in Satan’s tactics, and how can cultivating faith and trust in God counteract that fear? 3. When have you seen something that initially appeared “good” but turned out to be a deceptive imitation? What safeguards can help us discern between genuine truth and the devil’s twisted version? 4. How does understanding the adversary’s methods empower us to stand firm in moments of uncertainty or trial—both spiritually and in our day-to-day decisions? 2 Timothy 1:7 (God has not given us a spirit of fear) 2 Corinthians 11:14 (Satan transforms himself into an angel of light) John 8:44 (The devil as the father of lies) 1 Peter 5:8 (“Your adversary the devil…walketh about…”) Verses 21–25 – The Enemy’s Plot Exposed Theme:  Human Schemes vs. Divine Plans Description:  The Lord reveals that wicked individuals intend to manipulate the missing pages of the manuscript to discredit Joseph Smith and prove supposed inconsistencies. This foreknowledge sets the stage for the command not to re-translate , protecting the authenticity of the Book of Mormon. These verses underscore the contrast  between deceitful human conspiracies and the Lord’s unstoppable  purposes. God’s intervention ensures that the adversaries’ attempts to “take advantage” of the lost manuscript ultimately fail. The term “iniquity” (Hebrew ʿāwon  עָוֹן) often connotes guilt, moral crookedness, or perversion —a strong descriptor for the deliberate twisting of truth by those who oppose divine work. Despite their cunning, the Lord’s wisdom prepares a way to preserve the integrity of the restoration. Hebrew/Greek Insight: - Iniquity (Hebrew “ʿ āwon ” עָוֹן):  Implies a twisted or warped moral state , underscoring the malicious intent behind altering sacred text. ʿāwon  also denotes conscious wrongdoing  that leaves individuals under the burden of guilt. Reflective Questions:n 1. How might we discern modern “plots” or manipulations that seek to distort truth? 2. Why do you think the Lord allows space for adversaries’ attempts, rather than preventing them entirely? How can such experiences ultimately refine or fortify truth? 3. In your own life, how have you seen the Lord protect or preserve His work against human schemes? In what ways has this reinforced your faith in God’s foreknowledge? Moses 4:4–6 (Satan’s cunning deception) -   Isaiah 29:20–21 (Plots to make a man an offender) Isaiah 5:20 (Woe unto them that call evil good, and good evil) D&C 3:7–10 (Consequences of fear of man in losing the 116 pages) Luke 21:15 (God gives wisdom that adversaries cannot gainsay) Verses 26–30 – Command Not to Re-Translate Theme:  Obedience, God’s Wisdom, Divine Justice, Warnings about Flattery Description:  In these verses, Joseph Smith is explicitly forbidden  to re-translate the lost portion of the manuscript. The Lord’s command demonstrates divine wisdom  that overrides the cunning and flattery of men who would alter or misuse the text. Here, God also highlights that the wicked who set snares ultimately fall into their own traps, underscoring a principle of divine justice : those who weaponize deceit will inevitably face the consequences of their actions. Flattery  in scriptural contexts often involves deceptive praise or manipulation to achieve selfish ends (see Proverbs 29:5). The Lord warns Joseph (and by extension all disciples) against being swayed by flattering words, reminding him that no one  who engages in wicked schemes can permanently evade accountability. Ultimately, God’s justice prevails, ensuring that the designs of the deceitful collapse upon themselves (Psalm 7:14–16). Hebrew/Greek Insight: - Obedience (Hebrew “š āma ʿ” שָׁמַע, Gre ek ὑπακοή hupakŏē ) :  Conveys not just hearing but actively responding  in alignment with God’s will (e.g., Deuteronomy 6:4 “Hear, O Israel...”). When Joseph acts on the Lord’s counsel, he affirms true biblical obedience—listening and doing . Reflection Questions: 1. How does ignoring divine counsel or giving in to flattery open the door for spiritual pitfalls? 2. Why might God allow the wicked to set snares, knowing they will eventually be caught by their own devices? How does this illustrate divine justice at work? 3. In what ways can we practice “šāmaʿ”—hearing and heeding God’s guidance—particularly when it contradicts the flattery or pressures of others? 4. Reflect on a time when trusting in God’s wisdom (rather than human schemes) protected you or others from unintended consequences. What did you learn about His justice or foresight? D&C 5:30 (Joseph’s instructions on translation) -   Proverbs 3:5–6 (Trust in the Lord) Proverbs 29:5 (Warning about flattery) Psalm 7:14–16 (Misdeeds boomerang on the wicked) D&C 3:1 (God’s work cannot be frustrated) Verses 31–35 – God’s Response to Conspiracies Themes:  God’s Work Cannot Be Frustrated Description:  These verses emphasize that, despite  mortal plotting, God’s plan for bringing forth the Book of Mormon stands unshaken . The Lord, in His foreknowledge, prepared long ago  for any attempt to undermine or alter the text. The concept of being “confounded” here draws from the Greek term kataischýnō  (καταισχύνω), meaning “to put to shame” or “disgrace.” When the adversaries attempt to twist or misuse scripture, God’s higher wisdom ultimately exposes  their falsehoods. This passage continues the assurance that no human conspiracy—even one orchestrated with cunning or deceit—can permanently frustrate the marvelous work  of God. It’s a reminder of the Old Testament principle found in Isaiah 54:17, “No weapon that is formed against thee shall prosper.” Instead, the Lord “confounds” those who fight against His revelations, bringing the truth into full light. Hebrew/Greek Insight: - Confound (Greek “ kataischýnō ” καταισχύνω):  Conveys an idea of bringing disgrace or humiliation upon deceivers, or rather, they bring it upon themselves. The notion is that truth  exposes lies, thwarting those who wage deceitful campaigns. Reflection Questions: 1. What does it mean for God to “confound” the adversary’s plans in your life experiences? 2. How do examples of past divine interventions strengthen your trust that God’s purposes will not be frustrated today? 3. How might we better align ourselves with God’s work so that we can stand confidently, even when surrounded by criticism or conspiracy? 1 Nephi 9:5–6 (Nephi commanded to make two records) Isaiah 54:17 (“No weapon that is formed against thee shall prosper”) 1 Corinthians 1:19 (God bringing human wisdom to nothing) D&C 3:1 (“The works and designs of God cannot be frustrated”) Verses 36–40 – Assurance of the Book’s Integrity  Theme:  Preservation of Scripture, Quiet Resilience Description:  In these verses, the Lord promises to preserve  the message of the Book of Mormon through alternate plates (the small plates of Nephi). No conspiracy or human error can nullify God’s word. Importantly, Joseph is counseled at times to “hold [his] peace,”  reminding us of the biblical principle “Be still, and know that I am God”  (Psalm 46:10). Sometimes quiet reliance  and patient observation bring clarity, while at other times, we must speak truth with boldness. Learning to discern which approach to take— being still  or speaking out —is part of a disciple’s journey. The Greek term “logos” (λόγος) , often translated as “word,” conveys not just speech but davar " divine utterance ," the core message of God, which remains unshakeable. The Lord’s counsel here shows how vital it is to trust in His overarching plan, rather than letting fear or pressure drive our actions or words. Hebrew/Greek Insight: - Word (Greek “ logos ” λόγος):  Implies divine utterance  or message , emphasizing that God’s truth stands firm regardless of opposition. Reflection Questions: 1. When have you found it wiser to remain still (“hold your peace”) and observe rather than immediately speaking out? How did this approach allow the Lord to guide the outcome? 2. Conversely, when has it been crucial to speak up boldly under the Spirit’s prompting? What discernment process helped you know it was time to act? 3. In a world of continual noise and rapid communication, how can the principle “Be still, and know that I am God” help you preserve your peace and hear divine direction? 4. Reflect on the idea that no plan can overthrow God’s word. How does trusting in “logos” (the unchanging message of Christ) provide confidence in moments of uncertainty? Mormon 5:12 (Record to go to future generations) Psalm 46:10 (“Be still, and know that I am God”) Exodus 14:14 (The Lord shall fight for you, and ye shall hold your peace) Matthew 10:19–20 (Sometimes God gives us the words to speak) “ Why Were the Plates Present During the Translation of the Book of Mormon? “ Why Did the Nephites Preserve Some Items as “National Treasures”? “ Is the Book of Mormon Like Other Ancient Metal Documents?   “ Why Is the Book of Mormon Called an “Abridgment”? “ Are the Accounts of the Golden Plates Believable? Let's keep going, Verses 41–45 – Divine Preparation: The Small Plates  Themes: Omniscience, Backup Plan Description:  The Lord reveals how the small plates of Nephi  replace the lost manuscript portion, ensuring the authenticity and continuity of the Book of Mormon’s account. This is a perfect example of God’s foreknowledge  and how He prepares solutions before challenges even arise. The Greek term prognōsis  (πρόγνωσις) connects with the idea that God both knows events beforehand  and arranges means to accomplish His work. Furthermore, we can learn from the Lord’s  parenting skills in these verses: He allows His children (Joseph Smith, Martin Harris, Oliver Cowdery, and all of us) to learn through agency, mistakes, natural consequences, and eventual repentance—yet He also provides a gracious “backup plan,” which is the plan.  Through His atonement and through the multiple tender mercies we experience we learn and grow. The small plates stand as a tangible metaphor of how, when we fall short, God has already laid out another path  to help us succeed. Learning from these verses can shape how we act as learners, teachers, disciples, and parents , offering a blend of trust  in others’ agency and loving preparation  for when mistakes inevitably occur. Hebrew/Greek Insight: - Foreknowledge (“ prognōsis” πρόγνωσις):  Connotes divine foresight and preparation . God is never surprised; He orchestrates solutions that respect our agency while safeguarding His overarching plan. Reflection Questions: 1. Agency & Backup Plans : How does seeing God’s “backup plan” (the small plates) change your perspective on making mistakes? In what ways might we create healthy backup plans for our families or responsibilities without removing personal accountability? 2. Parenting & Discipleship : How can we follow the Lord’s example in allowing children, students, or those we lead to learn from consequences while still providing a supportive pathway to repentance or correction? 3. Omniscience vs. Free Will : How does knowing God can foresee problems (and prepare solutions) encourage you to trust Him more fully, especially in moments of uncertainty or error? 4. Teaching Humility & Growth : When have you experienced a “wise purpose” in your own life—where a disappointment or failure turned into an essential learning opportunity or a second chance? Words of Mormon 1:6–7 (The small plates are included) Title Page of the Book of Mormon (Testifying of Jesus Christ) 1 Nephi 13:35 (Promise of Book of Mormon’s latter-day coming) 2 Nephi 25:21 (Record shall be preserved) Mormon 8:14–16 (Moroni’s testimony of the plates) 1 Nephi 9:5–6 (Nephi commanded to make two records, “for a wise purpose”) Words of Mormon 1:6–7 (Mormon includes the small plates) Luke 15:11–24 (Parable of the Prodigal Son—model of allowing agency and then lovingly receiving the repentant) Verses 46–50 – Book of Mormon as a Witness of Christ Theme:  Testimony of Jesus Christ Description:  These verses reiterate the central purpose  of the Book of Mormon: to testify of Jesus Christ  (Greek Christos  Χριστός, “Anointed One,” paralleling Hebrew Mashiach  מָשִׁיחַ) and gather souls to Him. Alongside the promises given to Nephite record keepers , the Lord also fulfilled prophecies  given to biblical prophets and apostles  that another witness would come forth in the latter days . Old Testament Prophecies : References like Ezekiel 37:16–20  (the “sticks” of Judah and Joseph) foreshadow a merging of scriptural records, indicating that multiple covenant writings would unite to testify of the Messiah. New Testament Echoes : Christ’s own words, “Other sheep I have which are not of this fold” (John 10:16), point to additional groups of believers—fulfilled in part by the Lord’s appearance to the Nephites (3 Nephi 15:21). Early apostles also taught that truth would be established “in the mouth of two or three witnesses” (2 Corinthians 13:1). The Book of Mormon’s emergence testifies that these biblical promises are not forgotten. God’s Faithfulness : By bringing forth the Book of Mormon, the Lord proved His unfailing commitment  to unite all of His children in Christ’s gospel. He honors covenants made anciently with Nephite writers and  with biblical prophets—showing that no divine promise goes unfulfilled. Hebrew/Greek Insight: - Christ (Greek “ Christos ” Χριστός):  meaning “Anointed One,” Hebrew “ Mashiach ” (מָשִׁיחַ) . Both Old and New Testament prophets foretold a Messiah whose message would gather Israel’s scattered remnants—including those in the New World—to Himself. Reflection Questions: 1. How does recognizing the Book of Mormon as part of Ezekiel’s “two sticks” enhance your confidence that God remembers and honors ancient prophecies? 2. In what ways does Jesus’s statement in John 10:16 find fulfillment in the Book of Mormon narrative? 3. How might understanding these interwoven promises (Old Testament, New Testament, Book of Mormon) inspire you to trust God’s continuing revelations and covenant purposes today? 4. How do these verses reinforce the concept that the Lord does not forget any of His people or leave any promise unfulfilled—even if centuries pass before we see the outcome? Title Page of the Book of Mormon (Testimony of Jesus Christ) Title Page of the Book of Mormon (“to the convincing of the Jew and Gentile that JESUS is the CHRIST”) Ezekiel 37:16–20 (Sticks of Judah and Joseph) John 10:16 (Other sheep not of this fold) 2 Corinthians 13:1 (In the mouth of two or three witnesses) “ Where is the Land of Promise? “ Who Are the Lamanites? “ Where Did the Book of Mormon Happen? Verses 51–55 – Stand as a Witness Themes:  Bold Testimony, Missionary Work Description:  In these verses, Joseph Smith is called to stand as a witness , declaring truth to the nations. By extension, all believers share the missionary obligation  to bear testimony of the Book of Mormon and its witness of Christ. The text reinforces that the Lord will eventually confound falsehoods , meaning no opposition can permanently silence His word. Additionally, the concept of “Church”  here transcends any narrow definition. In Greek , “church” is ekklēsía  (ἐκκλησία), literally “the called-out assembly.” In Hebrew , “assembly” often appears a s qāhāl   (קָהָל), referring to God’s covenant community. Christ taught that His Church  comprises all who choose Him, keep His commandments, and covenant to serve (see Matthew 16:18; John 10:16). Conversely, those who misuse  His name, abuse  His Church, or persecute  His disciples will be held accountable, as the Lord takes the treatment of His covenant people seriously ( Matthew 25:40,45 ). Hebrew/Greek Insight: - Witness (Greek “martys” μάρτυς):  Conveys bearing testimony even under threat—a commitment so strong that early Christians often faced persecution or martyrdom. - Church:   • Greek ekklēsía  (ἐκκλησία) — “the called-out ones” or an assembly  gathered in Christ’s name.   • Hebrew qāhāl   (קָהָל) — used for a community  or congregation  in covenant with God. Reflection Questions: 1. In what ways are we “called out” from the world to bear bold testimony, and how can we prepare spiritually for opposition? 2. How does understanding the broader, covenant-based definition of “Church” strengthen your commitment to fellow disciples—both ancient and modern? 3. When have you seen God’s promise to “confound falsehood” at work, either in church history or personal experience? 4. What cautions do these verses offer about misusing the Lord’s name or persecuting His Church? How do they invite us to protect and uphold each other in faith? Acts 4:20 (We cannot but speak what we have seen and heard) Matthew 16:18 (Christ will build His Church, and the gates of hell shall not prevail) John 10:16   (“Other sheep I have” — one fold, one shepherd) Mosiah 18:17 (People “baptized in the name of the Lord” become His Church) Verses 56–60 – Encouragement to Joseph Themes:  Repentance, Enduring Faith, Blessings of the Covenant, Recognizing Christ Description:  Joseph is to remain steadfast and not waver due to previous errors or other people conspiring against him. God’s grace is sufficient help him and help the work withstand ( Ether 12:27 ). Here the Lord also underscores the serious consequences awaiting those who reject Christ and His gospel—those who fight against God, those who fail to discern or understand His words, and those who choose to ignore them, thus “ missing the mark/ boat ” on salvation and the opportunity to partake in His covenant blessings. Many in Christ’s time, for example, could not see the Messiah standing among them ( John 1:10–11 ). Others misconstrued His teachings, never truly recognizing His divine mission. This passage warns us that failing to recognize or respond to the Lord’s invitation, His light can bring spiritual blindness and eventual condemnation. We must learn from these historical lessons: embrace repentance  and maintain faith  in Christ, lest we too become hardened or complacent and miss out on life’s most important truth. Hebrew/Greek Insight: - Btessed  (Hebrew “ baruch ” בָּרַךְ  ) denotes the concept of blessings through adoption, through the covenant privileges that we receive from becoming His.  In these passages, the Lord utilizes the poetic charaz form that we learned about last week, stringing together several core reference, teaching sermons within sermons, “I am Jesus Christ” ( Matthew 16:16 ), the “ Son of God ” ( John 10:36 ), “I came unto mine own, and mine own received me not ” John 1:11   “ I am the light  which shineth in darkness, and the darkness comprehendeth it not.” John 1:5 , John 8:12  and 12:46 .   Reflection Questions: 1. Why do you think some people in Christ’s day—and in ours—fail to recognize Him or understand His mission? 2. What practical steps can we take to prevent “missing the mark/boat” (i.e., God’s guiding truth) in our own lives? 3. In what ways can understanding the concept of barach ( covenant blessing ) help us progress spiritually to recognize and receive God’s grace? 4. How does reflecting on past mistakes, yet moving forward in faith, build the kind of resolute trust Joseph Smith was developing here? Ether 12:27 (My grace is sufficient for the humble) John 1:10–11 (He came unto His own, but they received Him not) Helaman 8:22–24 (Prophets testified of Christ, yet many rejected their words) “ Why Did Jesus Say That There Were “Other Sheep” Who Would Hear His Voice? Verses 61–65 – Warnings and Exhortations Themes:  Sharing Truth, Avoiding Contention, Global Vision, Education Description:  These verses serve as a warning and guide  to future generations. Joseph Smith is instructed to continue teaching  the gospel so correct doctrine can be clarified. The Lord points out that many “wrest the scriptures and do not understand them,” leading to contention  that Satan stirs up. True disciples must therefore learn to interpret scripture as accurately as possible , drawing on its earliest sources and the Holy Spirit’s guidance to discern the Lord’s meaning while also remembering, “And there shall be no disputations among you… For verily, verily I say unto you, he that hath the spirit of contention is not of me, but is of the devil…” (3 Nephi 11:28–29) Specifically, the Lord promises to “unfold unto them this great mystery”  and uses maternal imagery— “For, behold, I will gather them as a hen gathereth her chickens under her wings”  (v. 65). This recalls the Savior’s plea in Matthew 23:37  and 3 Nephi 10:4–6 : He desires to protect and unify all who will soften their hearts  and turn to Him. The global vision  includes teaching and gathering all of scattered Israel into Christ’s fold. Hebrew/Greek Insight: - Teach (Greek “didaskō” διδάσκω "teach, learn" , mathēteúō μαθητεύω "disciple, pupil" , Hebrew " lamad " לָמַד):  Implies systematic instruction —a careful, purposeful spreading of truth. The Lord calls His people to instruct “far and wide,” emphasizing depth of understanding, not just superficial knowledge. Reflection Questions: 1. How can examining scripture from its earliest sources  (including ancient texts or original-language study) help us avoid “wresting” meaning and thereby reduce contention? 2. In what ways might Satan stir up contention specifically over “points of doctrine”? Why is humility so crucial in scriptural interpretation? 3. How does the hen-and-chickens metaphor deepen your appreciation for Christ’s desire to gather, protect, and instruct His children? 4. What practical steps can we take as modern disciples (“didaskō”) to systematically and accurately teach true doctrine, ensuring clarity rather than confusion? Matthew 28:19–20 (Teach all nations) Matthew 23:37 (Gathering as a hen gathers her chickens) 3 Nephi 10:4–6 (Christ’s invitation to gather His people) 2 Peter 3:16 (Warning about wrestling the scriptures) “ What is the Doctrine of Christ?   Where Did Joseph Smith Get His Ideas about the Physical and Spiritual Gathering of Israel?   Why Did Jesus Christ Compare Himself to a Hen? Verses 66–70 – Conclusion: God’s Work Shall Prevail Themes:  Final Reassurance, Eternal Perspective Description:  These closing verses provide assurances of victory over all opposition  and emphasize that no mortal design can ultimately disrupt God’s work. The Lord reminds Joseph Smith (and us) to trust in eternal outcomes. Notably, in verses 67–68 , the Lord defines His Church  not by outward structure alone, but by repentance  and coming unto Christ: “Behold, this is my doctrine—whosoever repenteth and cometh unto me, the same is my church.” This concept underscores a spiritual  membership in the body of Christ, resonating with the New Testament idea that the Church is comprised of all who genuinely follow the Savior (e.g., Ephesians 1:22–23 ). It also echoes 2 Nephi 26:33  in the Book of Mormon, indicating that the Lord’s arms are extended to all who repent and believe. The revelation concludes by reinforcing that we need not  fear the obstacles raised by adversaries or human error; God’s truth  and salvation ( sōtēria  σωτηρία in Greek) will ultimately triumph for those who persevere in faith. Hebrew/Greek Insight: - Salvation (Greek “ sōtēria ” σωτηρία):  Signifies deliverance from sin  and its effects; it is promised to those who faithfully endure. The Lord’s concluding words assure that His plan of sōtēria  stands firm, regardless of earthly challenges. Reflection Questions: 1. How does understanding “this is my doctrine—whosoever repenteth and cometh unto me, the same is my church” affect your view of belonging within the body of Christ? 2. Why is it significant that the Lord closes this revelation with an emphasis on trust in eternal outcomes rather than immediate vindication or results? 3. In what ways can we align our lives with God’s eternal perspective to find reassurance, especially when facing opposition or setbacks? 4. How might a clearer grasp of “sōtēria” (salvation) inspire greater diligence in repenting and coming unto Christ personally? Revelation 21:6 (God is Alpha and Omega) D&C 10:67–68  (Christ’s doctrine: “whoso repenteth… the same is my church”) Ephesians 1:22–23 (The Church is Christ’s body, filled by Him) 2 Nephi 26:33  (All are alike unto God; none are denied who come unto Him) D&C 1:30  (God’s living Church in the latter days) Additional Resources: The Scripture Citation Index Doctrine & Covenants Stories Scripture Stories Coloring Book - D&C Liahona , For the Strength of Youth , Friend Saints The Gospel Learning and Teaching email subscription Revelations in Context: The Stories Behind the Sections of the Doctrine and Covenants Doctrine and Covenants Historical Resources Joseph Smith Papers   Joseph Smith’s Revelations: A Doctrine and Covenants Study Companion from the Joseph Smith Papers Joseph Smith Papers Podcasts Mission of the Prophet Joseph Smith Accounts of the First Vision Prophets of the Restoration Gospel Topics Essays Gospel Topics and Questions Church History Topics Answers to Church History Questions Global Histories Saints, Volume 1 Saints, Volume 2 Revelations in Context Joseph Smith’s Revelations Joseph Smith Papers Podcasts Church History Topics Maps: Church History Maps Northeastern United States Palmyra-Manchester, New York, 1820–31 The New York, Pennsylvania, and Ohio Area of the USA Joseph Smith Papers Joseph Smith's Residences The Scriptures, Mapped

CFM : February 3–9 D&C 6–9 Media Resource Link BYU RSC Library D& 6-9 Revelation A Prophet "As in Days of Yore" Voices of the Restoration: Translation of the Book of Mormon Come Follow Church History with Lynne Hilton Wilson D&C 6-9 Hard Questions in Church History with Lynne Hilton Wilson: Week 4 (D&C 3-5, Jan 18-24) Hard Questions in Church History with Lynne Hilton Wilson: Week 5-6 (D&C 6-9, Jan 25-31) Come Follow Me Kid D&C 6-9 Come Follow Me Scott Woodward & Casey Griffiths D&C 6-9 Come Follow Up D&C 6-9 Don't Miss This D&C 6-9 Follow Him D&C 6-9 Part 1: Dr Tanalyn Ford Part 2: Dr Tanalyn Ford Transcripts Grounded with Barbara Morgan D&C 6-9 Hurricane Adult Religion Class D&C 6-9 Oliver Cowdery became Joseph Smith’s scribe; restoration of the Aaronic Priesthood Website Video Notes Slides Latter Day Kids D&C 6-9 The Field is White Line Upon Line D&C 6-9 Meridian Magazine D&C 6-9 Our Mother's Knew It D&C 6-9 ( not yet posted ) Saving Talents D&C 6-9 Scripture Study Central D&C 6-9 Come Follow Me with Casey Paul Griffiths Come Follow Me Insights (Doctrine and Covenants 6-9, Jan 25-31) Come Follow Me: Act in Doctrine (Doctrine and Covenants 6–9, Jan 25–31) Come Follow Me with Casey Paul Griffiths (Doctrine and Covenants 6–9, Jan 25–31) Doctrine and Covenants 6, with Scott Woodward Come Follow Me with John Hilton III (Doctrine and Covenants 6-9) Doctrine and Covenants 7, with Scott Woodward Doctrine and Covenants 8-9, with Scott Woodward Doctrine and Covenants 8-9, with Scott Woodward Come Follow Me with Taylor Halverson (Doctrine and Covenants 6-9, Jan 25-31) Scripture Explorers D&C 6-9 Scripture Gems D&C 6-9 Scripture Insights D&C 6-9 Talking Scripture D&C 6-9 Teaching With Power D&C 6-9 The Interpreter Foundation D&C 6-9 Study and Teaching Helps: 2025 Doctrine & Covenants , Jonn Claybaugh Interpreter Radio Show — January 12, 2025, including Doctrine & Covenants in Context Nibley Lectures: Come, Follow Me Doctrine and Covenants Lesson 6 (D&C 6-9) The Faith to See: Burning in the Bosom and Translating the Book of Mormon in Doctrine and Covenants 9 Come, Follow Me Study and Teaching Helps — Lesson 5: D&C 6–9   Audio Roundtable: Come, Follow Me Doctrine and Covenants Lesson 5 (D&C 6–9)   Scripture Roundtable: D&C Gospel Doctrine Lesson 6, "I Will Tell You in Your Mind and in Your Heart, by the Holy Ghost" Scripture Roundtable: D&C Gospel Doctrine Lesson 5. "This Is the Spirit of Revelation" The Red Crystal D&C 6-9 The Scriptures are Real D&C 6-9 ( not yet posted ) Unshaken D&C 6-9  Videos, Podcasts, & Weekly Lesson Material Resources and Insights for this Week's Lesson   This is a continuation of “ This Is the Spirit of Revelation” Part 1 ." In this segment, we will continue to sections 7-9. Although, unfortunately, I will not have time to go into the detailed analysis that we do in Part 1. However, this is a good opportunity for the reader to explore some of the tools that I demonstrated in section 6. This week my husband and I are traveling, so I am trying to keep up with things by writing in various airports between flights and whenever I have a spare moment. So please pardon my errors, I have not had much time to proofread. Also, next week is going to be tricky as we have a pretty packed itinerary, but I will do my best. Thank you for your patience! D&C 7 Overview: Timeframe and Setting: Date:  April 1829 Location:  Harmony, Pennsylvania Occasion:  This revelation was received through the Urim and Thummim  in response to a question about whether John the Beloved  had died or remained on the earth. Key Circumstances: Curiosity about John’s fate : Joseph Smith and Oliver Cowdery inquired about John the Beloved , referenced in John 21:20-23 , where Christ says, "If I will that he tarry till I come, what is that to thee?" Revelation of John’s mission : The Lord confirms that John remains on the earth as a translated being  to continue his ministry. Purpose of the Revelation: Clarification of John’s Role : John was given power over death to remain on the earth and minister until Christ’s return. Contrasting Missions : Peter was called to seal his testimony in death , while John was given power over death  to continue his work among the Lord’s people. Authority and the Power of Translation : This revelation affirms that translated beings  have a unique role in preparing the way for Christ’s Second Coming . Significance: Expanded Understanding of Translation : This section provides insight into how some individuals are translated rather than experiencing mortal death , showing continuity with other translated figures like Enoch and Elijah . The Lord’s Sovereignty in Assigning Missions : Peter and John were both apostles, yet their missions were different. God assigns us unique roles according to His divine purposes . The Doctrine of Two Witnesses : The revelation connects with the idea that John and Peter represent two types of apostolic testimony —one through martyrdom and one through continuous ministry. Verse, Main Topic & Theme Additional Resources Verse 1 - The Lord’s Will for John Theme:  Translation Description:  John was given the desire of his heart—to remain on earth and minister until the Lord’s return. The phrase “that he might bring souls unto me”  echoes biblical themes of missionary work and endurance. Compare this with Matthew 28:19-20 , where Christ commands His disciples to "teach all nations," and 2 Nephi 2:2 , which speaks of enduring tribulation for the sake of righteousness. In Greek, "minister" (διακονέω, diakoneó ) denotes active service and aid , reinforcing John’s role as an unceasing witness of Christ. The Three Nephites and the Doctrine of Translation  -  Clyde J. Williams .   5 Things You Probably Didn't Know About the Three Nephites   Translated Beings - The Encyclopedia of Mormonism   Translated Beings  Translated Beings “ Why Was a Stone Used as an Aid in Translating the Book of Mormon? Verse 2 - John’s Power Over Death Theme:  Eternal Ministry Description:  John was granted power over death, similar to Enoch and Elijah. The phrase “that he should not taste of death”  is also found in Matthew 16:28  and 3 Nephi 28:7 , referring to those granted an extended mortal mission. The Hebrew term chai (חַיּ)   chayyei olam , חַיֵּי עוֹלָם root   chai   (חַיּ) ) and Greek term ( zōē aiōnios, ζωή αἰώνιος ) mean"eternal life" and both are linked to divine preservation. This shares similarities to the role of Melchizedek ( Genesis 14:18 ),  whose priesthood was tied to an extended mortal ministry. John's translation in the New Testament bears reference to Elijah and Enoch's translation in the Old Testament. The Greek word for translate can be found in Hebrew 11:5   μετατίθημι  From μετά   and τίθημι . In Hebrew the terms for these experiences include לָקַח lâqach meaning to take or transfe r, עָלָה alah , meaning to "go up, or ascend" and עָבַר avar , meaning to "cross/pass over." Becoming a Witness of Christ  - By Elder D. Todd Christofferson Verse 3-4 - Peter and John’s Different Callings Theme:  Unique Callings Description:  Peter was to testify through martyrdom, while John was to minister through translation. The Lord tells Peter, "What is that to thee? Follow thou me" —a reminder that different disciples have different missions, as seen in John 21:20-22 . This same concept applies to Joseph and Oliver, both had important roles to play, albeit they each serve in different ways. It is of interest to note that the Greek word martyria (μαρτυρία)  means "witness," linking Peter's testimony through death with his role as a chief apostle ( 2 Peter 1:14 ). However, the accounts of John demonstrate that some martyrs are called to live for Christ, offering their wants and wills to serve Him in whatever capacity he desires. This is reflected Alma 29:3 , where Alma wrestles with his desire to have a different calling but he ultimately accepts the Lord’s will. Special Witnesses of Christ Discussion: Why Different Apostolic Missions? Verse 5 - Desiring a Greater Work Theme:  Righteous Desires Description:  The Lord acknowledges Peter’s desire as "good" but explains that John has desired to do more —a "greater work" among men. This highlights the principle that the Lord grants spiritual gifts and opportunities according to righteous desires  (see D&C 46:8-9 ). The Hebrew word gadol  (גָּדוֹל)  means "great" or "important," emphasizing the magnitude of John’s mission  compared to what he had previously done. This also relates to Jacob 4:6 , where faith enables one to accomplish greater works. Seeking Spiritual Gifts Gifts of the Spirit Promptings of the Spirit “There Are Many Gifts” Verse 6 - A Ministering Angel and Flaming Fire Theme:  Divine Commission Description:  The Lord declares John will be made “as flaming fire and a ministering angel.”  This imagery is found in Psalm 104:4 , where angels are described as “ministers of flaming fire.”  The phrase reflects John’s elevated spiritual role , much like Elijah, whose ascension in a chariot of fire ( 2 Kings 2:11 )  symbolized divine transformation. The Greek word pyr  (πῦρ)  means "fire" but also signifies purification and divine power , showing that John’s mission is deeply connected to spiritual refinement and ministering to the heirs of salvation  (compare with Hebrews 1:14 ). The Cloven Tongues of Fire Verse 7-8 - Keys of the Ministry & Divine Authority Theme:  Priesthood Authority Description:  The Lord grants John, Peter, and James the keys of this ministry , meaning they have divine authority to act in His name. The phrase "I will give this power and the keys of this ministry until I come"  refers to priesthood keys —the power to administer ordinances, lead, and teach under God’s direction. This doctrine is supported in Acts 15:7 , where Peter speaks of his authority, D&C 6:28 , which discusses the establishment of the Lord’s work through divine keys, and Joseph Smith—History 1:72 , where the priesthood is restored. The Greek word kleis  (κλείς)  means "key" and represents divine authority in scripture (see Matthew 16:19 ). Priesthood Keys D&C 8 Overview: Timeframe and Setting: Date:  April 1829 Location:  Harmony, Pennsylvania Occasion:  This revelation was given to Oliver Cowdery , who desired the gift of translation  as Joseph Smith was translating the Book of Mormon. This revelation builds upon D&C 6, and provides additional direction to Oliver. Key Circumstances: Oliver’s Role as Scribe : He had begun acting as a scribe for Joseph Smith in the translation of the Book of Mormon. Desire for Personal Revelation : Oliver sought confirmation of his ability to also receive divine guidance and assist in translation. The Spirit of Revelation : The Lord taught Oliver how revelation works, particularly through the Spirit speaking to the mind and heart . Purpose of the Revelation: Teaching the Process of Revelation : The Lord explained that revelation comes by the power of the Holy Ghost . Confirming Oliver’s Spiritual Gift : Oliver was promised the gift of translation , contingent on faith and diligence. Encouragement to Seek Further Knowledge : The Lord encouraged Oliver to continue in faith and seek further light and knowledge. Significance: Understanding Personal Revelation : This section clarifies that revelation is not just external but is received internally through thought and feeling . Faith and the Power of the Priesthood : Oliver was reminded that faith is essential in the exercise of spiritual gifts . The Role of Gifts in the Restoration : The promise of spiritual gifts, such as translation, highlights how God empowers His servants to fulfill divine purposes. Verse, Main Topic & Theme Additional Resources Verse 1 - The Power of God in Revelation Theme:  Divine Authority Description:  The Lord declares that true revelation comes through Him and that he is willing to share it, especially when it comes to interpreting his scriptures (script+Torah - “written Law’). This aligns with James 1:5 , where seekers of wisdom are told to ask God directly.  Key Words & Phrases:  “knowledge of whatsoever things you shall ask in faith, with an honest heart , believing that you shall receive” “ How Important was Oliver Cowdery in Bringing Forth the Book of Mormon? “ Why Did the Book of Mormon Come Forth as a Miracle? Verse 2 - The Spirit of Revelation Theme:  The Holy Ghost as a Guide Description:  The Lord explains that revelation comes to the mind and heart  (D&C 8:2). This principle is also found in Luke 24:32 , where disciples on the road to Emmaus felt their hearts burn as Christ taught them. The Hebrew word lev (לֵב)  means heart , but it also refers to the inner self, thoughts, and will. "This is the Spirit of Revelation" “Thou Shalt Receive Revelation” Verse 3 - The Spirit of Moses Theme:  Prophetic Authority Description:  The Lord references the same spirit given to Moses , affirming Oliver’s calling. In Numbers 11:16-17 , God extends the same spirit that guided Moses upon seventy elders, later stating in v.29  “ would God that all the Lord’s people were prophets, and that the Lord would put his spirit upon them!”  Key Words & Phrases: “spirit of revelation” The Greek word pneuma  (πνεῦμα)  means breath or spirit , signifying divine inspiration, which is expressed in the Hebraic meaning of Ruach   רוּחַ . “ What the Exodus Teaches Us about the Atonement ?" Verse 4-5 - Gifts of the Spirit Theme:  Spiritual Gifts Description:  Oliver is reminded that faith is required to receive spiritual gifts. This aligns with 1 Corinthians 12:7-11 , where Paul lists the gifts of the Spirit.  Key Words & Prases: “this is thy gift; apply unto it” The Hebrew word mattan  (מַתָּן)  means gift , emphasizing divine bestowal rather than personal achievement. In Greek the word δόμα   dóma means “gift,” but the concept is also expressed with the phrase “manifestation of the Spirit” φανέρωσις  phanerōsis  from the root φανερόω  fanero, meaning “to make manifest or visible, to make that which was unknown, known” “Thou Shalt Receive Revelation” Verse 6 - The Gift of Aaron Theme:  Divine Gifts Description:  The Lord declares that Oliver has another gift—the gift of Aaron . This bears reference to the power of the priesthood, including being able to use tools such as the Urim and Thummim  or a rod of divine power  (see Exodus 7:9-12 , Rod of Aaron , examples , . The Hebrew word מַטֶּה   maṭṭeh   means “rod, or staff, while the name Aharon (אַהֲרֹן)  is associated with priestly authority, as described in Numbers 17 , when Aaron’s rod is used as a sign that God chose him to be the high priest of Israel when disputes regarding authority arose between the tribes. Oliver Cowdery and the "rod of nature" Verse 7 - The Power of God Alone Theme:  Divine Authority Description:  The Lord clarifies that only God’s power  enables Oliver’s gift to function, affirming that miracles come through faith and priesthood authority. This principle is reinforced in 2 Nephi 26:13 , which states that Christ works miracles according to faith . Power in the Priesthood The Price of Priesthood Power Verse 8 - Doubt Not, Do Marvelous Works Theme:  Trust in God’s Power Description:  Oliver is told to “hold it in your hands, and do marvelous works.”  This aligns with Ether 12:27 , which also pertains to scribal work, and teaches us that through humility and faith our weaknesses can become strengths and that through God miraculous things will come to pass. The Hebrew word pala  (פָּלָא)  means wonders or marvelous works , often referring to divine acts, many of which include prophecies pertaining to the last days (i.e. Zec 8:6 ). Verse 9 - Asking Through Divine Means Theme:  Personal Revelation Description:  The Lord encourages Oliver to ask and receive knowledge through his gift . This mirrors Matthew 7:7 , where Christ teaches, “Ask, and it shall be given you.”  The Greek word aiteo  (αἰτέω)  means to ask, usually   with dilligence and expectation. Ask, Seek, Knock Verse 10 - Trifling Not with Sacred Things Theme:  Respect for Spiritual Gifts Description:  The Lord explains that all things are done through faith. He warns against trifling with sacred things . This principle is echoed in D&C 6:12 , where frivolous and inappropriate handling of sacred knowledge and tools is condemned. The Hebrew word chalal  (חָלַל)  means to profane or make common , and it frequently refers to idolatry. This highlights the importance of recognizing and acknowledging that these are sacred gifts from God and that we must maintain reverence and integrity when exercising Spiritual Gifts to operate them in righteousness. These are sacred priesthood powers that should be regarded with the utmost respect. ” Why Did the Book of Mormon Come Forth as a Miracle? “ Why Is the Timing of the Book of Mormon’s Translation So “Marvelous”? Verse 11 - The Mysteries of God Theme:  Seeking Hidden Knowledge Description:  Oliver is told to seek to know the mysteries of God , a phrase also found in   Alma 12:10-11 . The Greek word mysterion  (μυστήριον),  means divine secrets revealed to the faithful . “ Why Did Nephi Want to Know the Mysteries of God? Verse 12 - The Same God Who Spoke Before Theme:  The Eternal Nature of God Description:  The Lord declares, “I am the same that spake unto you from the beginning.”  This phrase mirrors Hebrews 13:8 , which teaches that “Jesus Christ is the same yesterday, today, and forever.”  The Hebrew Ehyeh Asher Ehyeh (אֶהְיֶה אֲשֶׁר אֶהְיֶה)  means “I Am That I Am” , a declaration of God’s eternal nature (see Exodus 3:14 ). That They Might Know Thee D&C 9 Overview: Timeframe and Setting: Date:  April 1829 Location:  Harmony, Pennsylvania Occasion:  A revelation given to Oliver Cowdery , who attempted to translate the Book of Mormon but struggled to do so. Key Circumstances: Oliver’s Attempt at Translation : Oliver desired to translate, but after trying, he found himself unable to proceed. The Lord’s Counsel on Revelation : The Lord revealed that Oliver had expected translation to come too easily, without exerting proper spiritual effort . Instruction on Receiving Revelation : The Lord outlined the process of revelation—one must study it out in their mind, ask for confirmation, and receive a burning feeling or a stupor of thought . Purpose of the Revelation: Clarifying How Revelation Works : Revelation requires both mental effort and divine confirmation . Redirecting Oliver’s Role : The Lord instructs Oliver to continue as Joseph’s scribe , rather than as a translator. Reassuring Oliver of His Calling : Though translation was not his role, Oliver was still chosen for an important work in the Restoration. Significance: The Process of Personal Revelation : This section establishes the pattern of how to receive answers from God , a principle still widely applied today. The Principle of Faith and Effort : Revelation is not given passively but requires faith, diligence, and mental exertion . The Role of Spiritual Callings : Sometimes, we are called to a different work than we expected, but God’s plan for us is still inspired . Verse, Main Topic & Theme Additional Resources Verse 1 - Continuing the Work Theme:  Patience in God’s Timing Description:  The Lord tells Oliver that since he struggled to translate, he should continue as Joseph’s scribe. This emphasizes the importance of accepting the Lord’s assignments. The Greek word hypomonē  (ὑπομονή)  means endurance or steadfastness , highlighting the need for patience. “ The Faith to See: Burning in the Bosom and Translating the Book of Mormon in Doctrine and Covenants 9 .” Verse 2 - Future Opportunities to Translate Theme:  Divine Promises Description:  The Lord reassures Oliver that he will still have opportunities to translate other ancient records. This aligns with 2 Nephi 27:22 , where the Lord declares that He will reveal additional scripture in His time. “ What Were the “Other Records” Nephi Saw in Vision? “ Are There Other Ancient Records Like the Book of Mormon? Verse 3 - Be Patient, My Son Theme:  Submission to God’s Wisdom Description:  The Lord urges Oliver to be patient and trust divine timing. This principle is reflected in Ecclesiastes 3:1 , which states, "To everything there is a season, and a time to every purpose under the heaven." The Hebrew word chokhmah  (חָכְמָה)  means wisdom , signifying divine guidance. Likewise, the Greek word,   σοφία  sophia means wisdom, both describe the process of developing skills through training and experience. Continue in Patience  -President Dieter F. Uchtdorf Verse 4 - Writing is Your Calling Theme:  Accepting One’s Role Description:  The Lord confirms that Oliver’s role at this time is to be a scribe. The Hebrew word kathab  (כָּתַב)  means to inscribe or record , and this was considered to be a sacred duty among the Israelites, and this tradition continued with the diligent efforts of the Nephites,  who faithfully retained a record of their people. The Last Nephite Scribes Verse 5 - A Lost Privilege Theme:  Consequences of Inaction Description:  Oliver is reminded that he lost the privilege to translate because he did not follow through with what he started. This connects with D&C 6:11 , where the Lord encourages seekers to continue in faith to receive greater knowledge. Consider the Consequences of Spiritual Hesitation vs. The Power of Spiritual Momentum Verse 6 - Do Not Murmur Theme:  Acceptance of Divine Will Description:  Oliver is warned not to murmur about the Lord’s decision. This echoes Numbers 14:27 , where the Israelites’ complaints led to consequences, and the incessant murmuring of Laman and Lemuel. The Hebrew word lun (לוּן)  means to grumble or complain , it also means to stay stagnant, this word gives us some interesting perspective regarding the spiritual danger of resisting divine guidance. Murmuring limits and stints our ability to grow and progress. “Murmur Not” Verse 7 - You Have Not Understood Theme:  Misconceptions About Revelation Description:  The Lord corrects Oliver’s assumption that revelation comes effortlessly. This is similar to James 2:17 , which teaches that "faith without works is dead," stressing the necessity of the dilligent work and personal effort required to receive revelation. The Greek word for work is ἔργον   érgon,  and there are several Hebrew words used to denote various aspects of this concept, including: פֹּעַל , עֲבֹדָה   , מְלָאכָה  and מַעֲשֶׂה . The Spirit of Revelation How to Obtain Revelation and Inspiration for Your Personal Life Verse 8 - Study It Out in Your Mind Theme:  The Balance of Dilligent Study and Prayer Description:  Oliver is taught that revelation requires both diligent study and spiritual confirmation , aligning with Proverbs 2:2-5 , which states that wisdom and understanding come from both earnestly seeking knowledge  and communicating ( crying ) with the Lord. This sincere process facilitates revelation, stating, “If thou seekest her as silver, and searchest for her as for  hid treasures; Then shalt thou understand  the fear  of the LORD, and find the knowledge  of God.”  The Hebrew word binah  (בִּינָה)  means understanding or discernment . "' That They Mig​ht Come to​ Understanding': Revelation as Process ," “ Why Were the Plates Present During the Translation of the Book of Mormon? Verse 9 - Stupor of Thought Theme:  Discerning Truth from Error Description:  The Lord explains that when something is incorrect, the mind will experience confusion , and that can come in many forms. The Greek word ταράσσω   tarasso means “aggitated, stirred up, troubled, anxious, disressed,” thus ataraxia (ἀταραξία), with the a- (negating prefix)    means clarity of mind , or a freedom from trouble, worry, distress, and anxiety.  This calmness and serenity does not come through ignoring our concerns, but through faithfully strive to seek answers for the things that we are missing. God is a God of order, and when things are right, they fit together perfectly, like pieces of a puzzle.  We may not have all the pieces yet to put that puzzle together, but  each of us plays a pivotal role in finding answers and sharing those discoveries with others.  This is how God’s kingdom progresses and advances until that day when “the Great Jehovah shall say the work is done,” and he returns in majesty and glory. Ask, Seek, Knock A Witness of God Verse 10 - If You Had Known This Theme:  The Importance of Preparation Description:  The Lord tells Oliver that had he understood the process of revelation earlier, he could have translated. This relates to   Matthew 25:10 , where the wise virgins were prepared and thus received their reward. The Hebrew word yada  (יָדַע)  means to know by experience , highlighting the necessity of spiritual preparation. A Time to Prepare Preparation for the Second Coming Verse 11 - Fear and the Loss of Opportunity Theme:  Overcoming Fear in Spiritual Work Description:  The Lord explains that Oliver’s fear caused him to lose his chance to translate . This mirrors 2 Timothy 1:7 , which states, "God hath not given us the spirit of fear, but of power, and of love, and of a sound mind." The Greek word deilia  (δειλία)  means timidity or cowardice , showing how fear inhibits faith. In the sections we have covered the last few weeks, we have seen how fear impeded Oliver Cowdery, Martin Harris, and Joseph Smith.  Oliver Cowdery demonstrated fear with the translation process, Martin and Joseph feared man more than the feared God.  How do we develop the faith to overcome fear? In all three of these cases, God allowed these remarkable individuals to fail.  Failure taught them valuable lessons, and the Lord provided them with the opportunity to repent, the process of learning from their failures, helping them to turn their weaknesses into strengths. We are all granted these same privileges though the power of Christ’s Atonement.  We should not fear failure, we should embrace it as an opportunity to learn, a chance to test ourselves so that we can identify areas for improvement. When we learn to put our trust in the Lord, and allow him to guide our path, knowing that he will provide a way for our deliverance, however that might take shape, our fears can be hushed and our anxieties can rest as we allow ourselves to be “be still ,” to witness his miracles and his peace that surpasses all understanding. This process takes practice, and that why were are here.  Do not be discouraged by fear and failure, know that even the Lord’s most elect servants, Joseph, Peter, Oliver, and others had to learn these important lessons.  This is a pivitol part of our mortal experience. Therefore They Hushed Their Fears Perfect Love Casteth Out Fear Be Still, and Know that I am God Verse 12-14 - Stand Fast in Your Calling Theme:  Faithfulness and Divine Protection Description:  Oliver is promised that if he remains faithful, he will prosper and be protected. This aligns with 1 Nephi 17:3 , which states that "those who keep the commandments shall be strengthened." The Hebrew phrase yatsiv emunah (יָצִיב אֱמוּנָה)  means steadfast faith , from the root נָצַב nâtsab emphasizing stability and perseverance. “ How Is Prosperity Defined in Nephi’s Small Plates? “ What does it Mean to ‘Prosper in the Land’? (Alma 9:13) Oliver Cowdery Missiionaries to Match Our Message - Elder Ballard Additional Resources: The Scripture Citation Index Doctrine & Covenants Stories Scripture Stories Coloring Book - D&C Liahona , For the Strength of Youth , Friend Saints The Gospel Learning and Teaching email subscription Revelations in Context: The Stories Behind the Sections of the Doctrine and Covenants Doctrine and Covenants Historical Resources Joseph Smith Papers   Joseph Smith’s Revelations: A Doctrine and Covenants Study Companion from the Joseph Smith Papers Joseph Smith Papers Podcasts Mission of the Prophet Joseph Smith Accounts of the First Vision Prophets of the Restoration Gospel Topics Essays Gospel Topics and Questions Church History Topics Answers to Church History Questions Global Histories Saints, Volume 1 Saints, Volume 2 Revelations in Context Joseph Smith’s Revelations Joseph Smith Papers Podcasts Church History Topics Maps: Church History Maps Northeastern United States Palmyra-Manchester, New York, 1820–31 The New York, Pennsylvania, and Ohio Area of the USA Joseph Smith Papers Joseph Smith's Residences The Scriptures, Mapped

CFM : February 3–9 D&C 6–9 Media Resource Link BYU RSC Library D& 6-9 Revelation A Prophet "As in Days of Yore" Voices of the Restoration: Translation of the Book of Mormon Come Follow Church History with Lynne Hilton Wilson D&C 6-9 Hard Questions in Church History with Lynne Hilton Wilson: Week 4 (D&C 3-5, Jan 18-24) Hard Questions in Church History with Lynne Hilton Wilson: Week 5-6 (D&C 6-9, Jan 25-31) Come Follow Me Kid D&C 6-9 Come Follow Me Scott Woodward & Casey Griffiths D&C 6-9 Come Follow Up D&C 6-9 Don't Miss This D&C 6-9 Follow Him D&C 6-9 Part 1: Dr Tanalyn Ford Part 2: Dr Tanalyn Ford Transcripts Grounded with Barbara Morgan D&C 6-9 Hurricane Adult Religion Class D&C 6-9 Oliver Cowdery became Joseph Smith’s scribe; restoration of the Aaronic Priesthood Website Video Notes Slides Latter Day Kids D&C 6-9 The Field is White Line Upon Line D&C 6-9 Meridian Magazine D&C 6-9 Our Mother's Knew It D&C 6-9 ( not yet posted ) Saving Talents D&C 6-9 Scripture Study Central D&C 6-9 Come Follow Me with Casey Paul Griffiths Come Follow Me Insights (Doctrine and Covenants 6-9, Jan 25-31) Come Follow Me: Act in Doctrine (Doctrine and Covenants 6–9, Jan 25–31) Come Follow Me with Casey Paul Griffiths (Doctrine and Covenants 6–9, Jan 25–31) Doctrine and Covenants 6, with Scott Woodward Come Follow Me with John Hilton III (Doctrine and Covenants 6-9) Doctrine and Covenants 7, with Scott Woodward Doctrine and Covenants 8-9, with Scott Woodward Doctrine and Covenants 8-9, with Scott Woodward Come Follow Me with Taylor Halverson (Doctrine and Covenants 6-9, Jan 25-31) Scripture Explorers D&C 6-9 Scripture Gems D&C 6-9 Scripture Insights D&C 6-9 Talking Scripture D&C 6-9 Teaching With Power D&C 6-9 The Interpreter Foundation D&C 6-9 Study and Teaching Helps: 2025 Doctrine & Covenants , Jonn Claybaugh Interpreter Radio Show — January 12, 2025, including Doctrine & Covenants in Context Nibley Lectures: Come, Follow Me Doctrine and Covenants Lesson 6 (D&C 6-9) The Faith to See: Burning in the Bosom and Translating the Book of Mormon in Doctrine and Covenants 9 Come, Follow Me Study and Teaching Helps — Lesson 5: D&C 6–9   Audio Roundtable: Come, Follow Me Doctrine and Covenants Lesson 5 (D&C 6–9)   Scripture Roundtable: D&C Gospel Doctrine Lesson 6, "I Will Tell You in Your Mind and in Your Heart, by the Holy Ghost" Scripture Roundtable: D&C Gospel Doctrine Lesson 5. "This Is the Spirit of Revelation" The Red Crystal D&C 6-9 The Scriptures are Real D&C 6-9 ( not yet posted ) Unshaken D&C 6-9  Videos, Podcasts, & Weekly Lesson Material Resources and Insights for this Week's Lesson   We’ve had many new friends join us this past week, so I’d like to take a moment to condense and reiterate a few things shared in previous lessons and add a few additional insights. The purpose of this website is not to dictate what people should think or how they should study. Instead, it aims to provide tools and resources that help readers access the scriptures more effectively. The goal is for each person to receive their own revelation and arrive at their own conclusions with the aid of the Spirit. As such, this site offers a "choose your own adventure" approach to scripture study. We all learn differently, coming from various backgrounds, levels of education, learning preferences, and goals for personal scripture study. This site is designed to meet the needs of everyone—whether you’re seeking a quick overview of the lesson materials, easy access to podcasts, or tools for a deep dive into language, history, and etymology. This week, we are exploring the process of receiving revelation. These were topics that Oliver Cowdery was seeking when he was divinely called to serve as a scribe for Joseph Smith during the translation of the Book of Mormon. In the sections we’ll study this week, the Lord gives Oliver profound insights into how to translate scripture and how to recognize and receive revelation. The counsel the Lord gave to Oliver can also apply to us. If we desire to receive revelation, learn how to better interpret scripture, or understand the mysteries of the kingdom, the Lord offers these gifts to us as well—if we are willing to dedicate the necessary time and effort to acquire them in righteousness. These spiritual gifts can be learned, cultivated, and exercised. The Lord is both eager and willing to teach us how to better "Hear Him." The Lord speaks to all of us in languages and methods that we understand. As such, there are many ways that one can receive revelation. Listed are a few examples: Through the Holy Ghost Impressions and Feelings: Revelation often comes as a still, small voice or a feeling of peace, warmth, or conviction. (See 1 Kings 19:12, Galatians 5:22–23. Thoughts and Ideas: Inspired thoughts can come to the mind, often in response to prayer or pondering. (See Doctrine and Covenants 6:15–16.) Promptings: A sense of urgency or a gentle nudge to act or make a particular decision. (See Doctrine and Covenants 8:2–3.) Through Prayer Answers in the Heart and Mind: Answers to prayer often come as clarity of thought, a feeling of peace, or a confirmation. (See James 1:5, Doctrine and Covenants 9:8–9.) Communication with God: Prayer opens a channel to converse with the Lord and receive guidance. Through Scripture Direct Answers: Specific scripture passages can stand out or resonate during study, providing answers or direction. (See 2 Timothy 3:16–17.) Illumination: The Spirit helps readers understand and apply scriptures to their lives. (See Luke 24:32, Doctrine and Covenants 18:34–36.) Through Dreams and Visions Dreams: Revelation may come in dreams, often symbolic or instructive. Examples include Joseph in Egypt (Genesis 37) and Lehi's dream (1 Nephi 8). Visions: Some receive open visions or spiritual experiences that provide direct revelation, such as John’s vision of the Apocalypse (Revelation 1). Through Living Prophets Prophetic Counsel: God reveals His will through prophets to guide His people collectively. (See Amos 3:7, Doctrine and Covenants 1:38.) Through Nature and Creation Observation and Inspiration: God's creations can inspire feelings of reverence and teach spiritual truths. (See Alma 30:44, Psalm 19:1.) Through Inspired Leaders or Others Counsel from Church Leaders: Revelation often comes through priesthood blessings, talks, or inspired counsel from leaders. (See Doctrine and Covenants 84:36.) Inspired Words of Others: Insights shared by friends, family, or teachers can resonate as personal revelation. Through Music and Art Sacred Music: Uplifting music can invite the Spirit and open the heart to inspiration. (See Doctrine and Covenants 25:12.) Inspired Creativity: Art, poetry, and other creative expressions can carry profound spiritual messages, teaching us about significant patterns and principles. Through Personal Reflection and Pondering Meditation and Quiet Contemplation: Revelation often comes in moments of stillness, during focused reflection or pondering God’s word. (See Psalm 46:10.) Journaling: Writing thoughts and impressions can help clarify and recognize revelation. Through Action and Obedience Line Upon Line: Revelation often unfolds gradually as individuals act in faith and obedience. (See Isaiah 28:10, Doctrine and Covenants 98:12.) Service: Revelation can come while serving others, as the Spirit works through those efforts. (See Doctrine and Covenants 4:2–4.) Key Principles for Receiving Revelation Faith: Believing that God will answer is essential. (See Ether 12:6.) Worthiness: Keeping commandments and living righteously helps maintain spiritual sensitivity. (See Doctrine and Covenants 76:116.) Seeking and Asking: Revelation often follows sincere seeking and asking. (See Matthew 7:7.) In this week’s lesson, I wanted to share and demonstrate one of the ways I receive and can consistently receive revelation—by studying the scriptures through their Hebrew and Greek roots and literary devices. Each chapter outline in our lesson materials usually includes links to online concordances, dictionaries, lexicons, and interlinear resources. These outlines are placeholders; they are not meant to replace scripture but serve as a structured way to organize the materials each week, including links, videos, commentaries, and such. They help readers become familiar with some of the resources available to them for deeper scriptural understanding. While the Book of Mormon and Doctrine and Covenants was recorded in English, the Lord often uses biblical language, quoting directly from earlier scriptures. In addition, the literary techniques that are used in this section are especially interesting because they mirror ancient literary patterns observed in Hebraic and early Christian literature, such as the Dead Sea Scrolls and the Book of Revelation. Many members are familiar with Chiasmus, which we have discussed previously; the techniques we observe in D&C 6 serve a similar purpose: to help the reader identify hidden and deeper meaning within the organization of the text. There are three Hebraic devices that are prominent in D&C 6, these are called Pesher , Transpoolation , and Charaz . Pesher The word Pesher means "interpretation" or "solution." It is a Jewish exegetical (interpretive) method that is primarily found in Qumran literature, although it can be seen in the Biblical apocalyptic texts as well. This is a method of interpreting ancient scripture as present Fulfillment. In other words, ancient prophecies and texts are reinterpreted to directly pertain to contemporary events. For example, in the Habakkuk Pesher, references to the Chaldeans are reinterpreted to refer to the Romans, who were the oppressive rulers at the time when the Habakkuk Pesher was written. Likewise, in D&C 6:1, Isaiah's prophecy, "I will proceed to do a marvelous work and wonder," is likewise applied to the Restoration. "A great and marvelous work is about to come forth unto the children of men." Transpolation Transpolation is where Scripture is reconfigured to apply to a new context. For Example, John frequently reuses Old Testament imagery, such as the two witnesses in Revelation 11, which are drawn from Zechariah 4:11-14 to symbolize Christian martyrs or prophets in the last days. In D&C 6:5, the Savior reconfigures the promises he made to His Apostles during his mortal ministry to Joseph and Oliver, "If you will ask of me, you shall receive; if you will knock, it shall be opened unto you" (D&C 6:5) – This is a direct reference to Matthew 7:7 , where Christ teaches the principle of seeking revelation. Charaz In Jewish tradition, Charaz  (חרוז, meaning “stringing pearls”) is a rabbinic method of linking scriptures together in a woven pattern, helping the reader see the bigger picture. The Lord applies this collage-like pattern in D&C 6, where He takes phrases from multiple biblical sources, connecting them to new revelation so that Joseph and Oliver (and future readers) can see history repeating itself and recognize the broader divine pattern. Example of Charaz in D&C 6: Key Phrase: “Fear not, little flock; do good; let earth and hell combine against you.” Linked Passages (Pearls in the Chain): Luke 12:32 – “Fear not, little flock; for it is your Father’s good pleasure to give you the kingdom.” Matthew 16:18 – “Upon this rock, I will build my church; and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it.” Helaman 5:12 – “It is upon the rock of our Redeemer, who is Christ, the Son of God, that ye must build your foundation.” How They Connect: These scriptures are not just parallels; they weave a deeper message together—that Christ’s disciples are a small but chosen flock, standing on His rock, and will not be overcome by adversity. The Lord uses Charaz here to paint a broader picture, connecting biblical assurance to restoration-era revelation. Therefore, understanding these linguistic tools and the origins of key phrases within the text can be very helpful and insightful, providing us with a valuable foundation from which we can better interpret and understand the Lord's intended message to Oliver, and by extension to ourselves. By examining key words and phrases in Hebrew and Greek, we can uncover additional layers of valuable insight. In many ways, we can see the Lord providing His own commentary through past prophets, helping us interpret and apply both modern and ancient scripture more effectively and accurately. Study Tips One method I find particularly helpful when I dive into deeper studies like this is to use the split screen feature on my iPad or to open multiple windows on my computer. For example, one can place their CFMCorner lesson alongside the LDS Tools scripture app; this allows us to study the scriptures while referencing the various tools and resources associated with them as we analyze each section. This approach can help us to engage more deeply with the text so we can make more meaningful connections and observations. As we study, we can copy and paste key resources directly into our scriptures using the notes function in LDS Tools . This allows us to save insights, references, and personal reflections in one place for easy and convenient access. This method helps us to organize and retain the revelations and insights we receive during our study, ensuring that they are readily available whenever we need them. When copying and pasting from the chapter overviews listed on the cfmcorner website, the source links remain intact. I love this feature; it makes it simple to easily access supporting materials, videos, podcasts, and such directly from the scripture app, which is so helpful. Several people have asked why I do this website each week and how I learned to study the scriptures in Hebrew and Greek. Managing this website on my own is a lot of work; I don't get a paycheck, and I am not what one would consider a traditional scholar. I don't have a history or linguistics degree (yet), —my background is in music. And while I learned to sing in many different languages, studying foreign languages never came naturally to me. It was always challenging and far from intuitive. About 10 years ago, I received a very strong admonition to learn Greek and Hebrew to help me complete an assignment. At the time, this was an overwhelming prospect. I knew nothing about these languages (except for a few Greek swear words I picked up as a little girl from my Greek grandfather, who wasn’t a member of the Church at the time. I adored the man, and he would sometimes use them when he sneezed. I thought he was hilarious.) Even though the idea of learning these languages felt daunting, I knew that whenever the Lord tells you to do something, he always provides a way for you to accomplish that task. I was assured that there would be "those prepared to teach me what I needed to know and that I would know them when I found them." Over the next several years, the Lord fulfilled his promise—sometimes in miraculous ways. Opportunities to study with reputable scholars, Greek clergy, Hebrew rabbis, and native speakers unfolded, allowing me to learn how to read, write, and interpret both languages. One of the things I learned very quickly is that you don't have to be a scholar or a linguist to study the Bible in Hebrew and Greek. There are so many amazing tools and resources available to help people learn how to navigate the Biblical texts. There are also a lot of resources that have some issues with reliability. This is also one of the reasons I decided to put this website together, as a way to share some skills and techniques that can help us access source information. That way, we can better discern truth from error for ourselves. This is a way for me to "pay it forward" to help others access the tools and insights the Lord so graciously provided to me. The Gospel is not reserved only for those with PhD's or religious titles—although these individuals provide great wisdom and insight, and we should pay attention to their experience and expertise. It isn’t exclusive to vloggers, podcasters, or social media influencers, who often share amazing perspectives and insights but can sometimes get things confused. The Gospel of Jesus Christ is for everyone. It is meant to be deeply personal—a one-on-one covenant relationship with the Lord, nurtured through the gift of the Holy Ghost. While learning to interpret the Bible accurately, we have to rely on trusted resources to help us—conference addresses, scriptural cross-references, dictionaries, indexes, lexicons, concordances, etc. But ultimately, the real teacher must be the Spirit. Without the Spirit, we’re simply collecting data, memorizing facts, or reiterating other people’s interpretations. While these are valuable and represent important stages in our development, the real goal is to learn Spiritual Reliance and how to Hear Him . The goal is to walk with Christ and to have His Spirit with us always. For me, I am an infant on this path, yet the journey has been transformative and exciting. Learning to access scripture from its earliest sources continues to guide my spiritual growth every day. I learn so much from every lesson that I have the privilege to prepare. As I dive into the scriptures, I often feel like I am learning at the feet of my Savior, and I feel His excitement and enthusiasm as he guides me from topic to topic and insight to insight through the aid of the Spirit. Scripture study is no longer a chore, something that I have to make time for. It is a sacred communion that I crave, a perpetual treasure hunt because I never know what I will find next and there is always more to discover. I can easily lose myself for hours studying a single word, or even a single letter. If a stay-at-home mom with no formal biblical or linguistic training can learn these skills and techniques, anyone  who feels the call to engage in this work can do the same. That is one of the most beautiful and powerful lessons of the Restoration, and it is a lesson that we can observe through Oliver's experience. D&C 6 Chapter Outline Overview: D&C 6 is a revelation given to Joseph Smith and Oliver Cowdery during the early stages of the Book of Mormon translation. This section emphasizes themes of divine guidance, personal revelation, and the call to labor diligently in the Lord’s vineyard. It offers reassurance to Oliver regarding his spiritual gifts and role in assisting the Prophet, while also providing principles on seeking truth and recognizing the Spirit’s influence. Timeframe and Setting: Date:  April 1829. Location:  Harmony, Pennsylvania. Occasion:  Oliver Cowdery had recently arrived to assist as a scribe for the translation of the Book of Mormon. This revelation was given to confirm Oliver’s role and provide counsel on how to recognize and follow divine revelation. Key Circumstances: Oliver’s Arrival:  Oliver Cowdery was inspired by divine manifestations and chose to join Joseph Smith in the translation work. Translation Progress:  The translation process was ongoing, and Oliver’s role as a scribe was critical to the work. Spiritual Fervor:  The Second Great Awakening influenced Oliver’s religious zeal and his desire to understand spiritual truths. Purpose of the Revelation: Encouragement:  To confirm Oliver Cowdery’s calling and reassure him of his gifts. Instruction:  To teach Oliver how to recognize the Spirit and seek wisdom. Motivation:  To emphasize the importance of laboring diligently in the Lord’s vineyard. Significance: Divine Revelation:  This section highlights the process of receiving personal revelation and confirms the role of the Holy Ghost in guiding individuals in their spiritual pursuits. Labor in the Vineyard:  The imagery of the white field ready to harvest emphasizes the urgency and importance of missionary work. Reassurance and Accountability:  The Lord reassures Oliver of his divine calling while emphasizing the responsibility to remain faithful and diligent. Spiritual Gifts:  Oliver is reminded of the sacred nature of his gift and instructed to use it to bring others to the knowledge of the truth. Days in Harmony Note: I've gone overboard on word study links for this chapter, and it's probably too much. However, I wanted to demonstrate the value of this kind of study, and show some of the ways to access these tools and materials. Linguistic links are usually provided in Chapter Overviews, but not to this extent.  While I would love to do this with every chapter, there is just not enough time. Click on the links include in the summary, and they will take you to various locations within outside platforms that you can explore and play with. It take some practice and work, but when you get the hang of using these kinds of tools, its not only rewarding but a lot of fun! I personally like Blue Letter Bible because, out of the available free resources, it stands out as being among the most reliable and user-friendly. Therefore, it is a great option for people who are just getting started with word studies. I don't get paid for endorsing them, I just think they provide a great srvice. Here are some tutorials that can help you learn how to navigate BLB if you want to explore that a bit deeper. Doing a word study using Blue Letter Bible The Complete BLB Tutorial Series Main Topic & Theme Additional Resources Verse 1-6 - Laboring in the Lord’s Work Theme:  Calling to the Work Description:  The Lord declares that a great and marvelous work  is about to unfold and invites all to participate. The phrase “thrust in his sickle”  parallels themes found in Matthew 9:37-38  and Jacob 5 (the allegory of the vineyard). In Hebrew, qatsar (קָצַר)  means to harvest , symbolizing a gathering of God's people. Key Words & Phrases: A Great and Marvelous Work Hebrew Insight:  - גָּדוֹל וְנִפְלָא ( Gadol   v'Nifla from the root פָּלָא pâlâ )  – "Great and marvelous." Greek Insights:  -   Μεγάλα  καὶ   Θαυμαστά  (Megala kai Thaumasta) – "Great and marvelous." Scriptural Parallels:  The phrase "great and marvelous" appears in   Revelation 15:3 : "And they sing the song of Moses the servant of God, and the song of the Lamb, saying, Great and marvelous are thy works, Lord God Almighty..."  (KJV), drawing from many of the Psalms ( 98 ,   105 ,   107 , to name a few). “Hear/ Give Heed to My Words” Hebrew Insights : שְׁמַע דְּבָרִי (Shema D'vari) Shema שְׁמַע: "Hear" or "Listen" (imperative form of שָׁמַע, meaning "to hear"). D'vari דְּבָרִי : "My word" (דָּבָר, meaning "word" or "speech," with the possessive suffix ִי for "my"). Greek Insights: Ἄκ ουε τὸν λόγον μου (Akoue ton logon mou) Ἄκουε (Akoue) : "Hear" (imperative form of   ἀκούω , meaning "to hear," "heed," or "to listen"). τὸν λόγον (ton logon) : "The word" ( λόγος , meaning "word" or "message"). μου (mou) : "My" (possessive pronoun).  Scripture Parallels : John 5:24 "Truly, truly, I say to you, whoever hears my word  and believes him who sent me has eternal life." Matthew 13:9 " He who has ears, let him hear." Revelation 3:20 " Behold, I stand at the door and knock. If anyone hears my   voice  and opens the door, I will come in to him and eat with him, and he with me." Also quoted in D&C 6:5. Deuteronomy 6:4 " Shema   Yisrael: Adonai Eloheinu, Adonai   Echad ." Translation: "Hear, O Israel: The Lord our God, the Lord is first/ one/ united/ whole." This is the foundational declaration of faith in Judaism, often referred to as the   Shema . " Jeremiah 22:29 A plea for the earth to witness God's judgment and truth. "O earth, earth, earth, hear the word of the Lord!" “Word of God as a Two-Edged Sword” Hebrew Insights: חֶרֶב פִּיפִיּוֹת (Cherev Piphiyot) ( Cherev ) חֶרֶב: "Sword." ( Piphiyot ) פִּיפִיּוֹת: "Two-edged" or "double-edged," derived from פֶּה ( Peh ), meaning "mouth." This suggests the sword "speaks" or "cuts" in two directions, aligning with the idea of God's Word being active and effective in judgment and truth. Greek Insights: μάχαιρα τοῦ Πνεύματος (Machaira tou Pneumatos) μάχαιρα ( Machaira ) : "Sword," a short blade for precision and close combat. τοῦ Πνεύματος (tou Pneumatos) : "Of the   Spirit ," denoting divine inspiration and power. The "two-edged" ( δίστομος , distomos ) nature emphasizes its ability to penetrate deeply and cut both ways, symbolizing discernment and judgment. Symbolism Across Scriptures Psalm 149:6   "Let the high praises of God be in their mouth, and a two-edged sword in their hand." Here, the "two-edged sword" symbolizes the power of God's Word and judgment, used by the righteous to enforce divine will. 1 Nephi 11:25 : The "rod of iron," representing the Word of God, leads to the tree of life  and living waters , symbolic of God’s love and eternal life. Ephesians 6:17 "Take the helmet of salvation, and the sword of the Spirit, which is the word of God." The Word of God is both an offensive and defensive spiritual weapon for confronting sin and adversity. Hebrews 4:12 "For the word of God is quick, and powerful, and sharper than any two-edged sword, piercing even to the dividing asunder of soul and spirit, and of the joints and marrow..." The Word is active and living, penetrating the tangible and the spiritual, the outward and the innermost thoughts and ideas, discerning truth and intention. Proverbs 3:8 : God's Word is "marrow to thy bones," offering refreshment and spiritual sustenance. The Word’s two-edged  nature reflects dual roles of judgment and guidance, offering life to those who heed it and cutting through falsehood. The Word of God as a sword signifies its power to discern, refine, and nourish, pointing to its role in leading believers to salvation and eternal love.  In Biblical tradition, it is a tool of justice, authority, and covenantal power. The dual nature and function represent the concept of opposition in all things; while God’s Word brings truth and life, our words—when misused—can harm, mislead, and even bring spiritual death. Christ’s warning invites self-reflection on how we wield the "sword" of our tongue and calls for alignment with God's truth and love. ( Matthew 15:10–20 ) The field is white already to harvest,” “Thrust in His Sickle and Reap”  Hebrew Insights: " Katsir " (קציר) - harvest, symbolizing divine judgment and gathering. Greek Insights:   " Therismos " (θερισμός) - harvest, often used metaphorically in the New Testament for spiritual gathering. Scriptural Parallels:   Matthew 9:37–38  emphasizes the readiness of the harvest and the need for laborers. -   Jacob 5 ’s allegory of the olive tree depicts the Lord’s vineyard and His efforts to preserve and gather His people. -   Alma 26:5  speaks of "gathering sheaves into the garners," symbolizing the work of eternal salvation.  These are all harvest themes reminiscent of the Israelite Fall Festivals (Yom Teruach, Yom Kippur, and Sukkot). This represents God Gathering his people to the Temple, providing them with opportunities for repentance, refinement, and sorting, ie. judgment.  The First Vision and Moroni’s encounters with Joseph opened the 7th dispensation, and this is significant because, in Israelite tradition, the 7th year marks the year of Jubilee. The Year of Jubilee  was a significant event in the Israelite feast cycle, observed every 50th year, following seven cycles of seven years (49 years). This most significant event is described as a time of liberation and restoration, as recorded in   Leviticus 25:8–55 . The Year of Jubilee begins on the Day of Atonement  (Yom Kippur), symbolizing spiritual renewal and forgiveness. Key features of the Jubilee include: Release of Slaves and Debts : Israelites who had sold themselves into servitude were freed, emphasizing freedom and equality. During this period, all debts were repaid and forgiven. Restoration of Land : Land that had been sold or lost was returned to its original family owners, preserving tribal inheritances and promoting economic equity. Rest for the Land : The land was left uncultivated as a Shabbat, ensuring rest for the soil and reliance on God’s provision. In many ways, Yom Teruch represents the Call and Gathering of Israel. Yom Kippur is indicative of the Second Coming of Jesus Christ, and Sukkot marks the beginning of the Millennial reign. Ask, and It Shall Be Given" "If you will ask of me you shall   receive ; if you will knock it shall be   opened  unto you." Hebrew Insight: Sha’al  (שָׁאַל) – "To ask." Pathach  (פָּתַח) – "To open." Implies humble petitioning or prayer. Greek Insight: Aiteo  (Αἰτέω) – "To ask." Krouo  (Κρούω) – "To knock." Denotes earnest supplication and diligent persistence. Scriptural Parallels: Matthew 7:7 : "Ask, and it shall be given you; seek, and ye shall find..." Moroni 10:4-5 : And when ye shall receive these things, I would exhort you that ye would ask God, the Eternal Father, in the name of Christ, if these things are not true; and if ye shall ask with a sincere heart, with real intent, having faith in Christ, he will manifest the truth of it unto you, by the power of the Holy Ghost. 5 And by the power of the Holy Ghost ye may know the truth of all things. James 1:5 : "If any of you lack wisdom, let him ask of God..." Emphasizes the accessibility of revelation through sincere, faithful seeking. “ All Is Lost ” Saints “ The Gift and Power of God ” Saints “ Oliver Cowdery’s Gift ”  Why Were So Many Sections in the Doctrine and Covenants Revealed during the Days When the Book of Mormon Was Being Translated? " Oliver Cowdery’s Vermont Years and the Origins of Mormonism "  “ Why Was a Stone Used as an Aid in Translating the Book of Mormon?  (Alma 37:23).”  “ How Important was Oliver Cowdery in Bringing Forth the Book of Mormon?   “ Why Is the Timing of the Book of Mormon’s Translation So “Marvelous”? “ To the Lord of the 23rd Psalm ”  “ Creek, River, Ocean ” Why Did the Book of Mormon Come Forth as a Miracle? Why Is the Timing of the Book of Mormon’s Translation So “Marvelous”? Doctrine and Covenants Contexts: D&C 6 , 7 , 8 , and 9 Restoration Voices Volume 2: D&C 6 , 7 , 8 ,  and 9 “ Book of Mormon Translation ,” Church History Topics. “ Gold Plates , ” Church History Topics. “ Seer Stones , ” Church History Topics. “ Divining Rods , ” Church History Topics. “ A Prophet ‘As in Days of Yore ’”  " Timing the Translation of the Book of Mormon: 'Days [and Hours] Never to Be Forgotten ’" “ Hefted and Handled: Tangible Interactions with Book of Mormon Objects ” “ The Conversion of Oliver Cowdery ” “ Oliver Cowdery as Book of Mormon Scribe ”  " Seer Stones, Salamanders, and Early Mormon “Folk Magic” in the Light of Folklore Studies and Bible Scholarship " “ Seeking Divine Interaction: Joseph Smith’s Varying Searches for the Supernatural ” Verse 7-9 - Seek Wisdom Over Riches Theme:  Prioritizing Spiritual Knowledge Description:  The Lord instructs Oliver to seek wisdom  over worldly riches . This principle is echoed in Proverbs 3:13-15 , where wisdom is more valuable than gold. The Greek word sophia (σοφία)  means wisdom , reinforcing the eternal value of spiritual understanding. Key Words & Phrases: Seek Wisdom” Key phrase: Seek not for riches but for wisdom ," “The mysteries of God shall be  unfolded/un rolled   unto you . Wisdom and spiritual understanding are of greater value than material wealth. - The mysteries of God are revealed to those who earnestly seek with a humble heart. Hebrew Insights: Seek: " bakash ," ( בָּקַשׁ ), “deresh,” (דָּרַשׁ)  - seek to find, ask, require, desire, strive after, investigate, to consult with God, to practice, to seek with application Wisdom: "Hokmah" ( חכמה ) - wisdom, associated with practical righteousness and divine insight. Mysteries: Aramaic " raz " (רָז) loanword from Persian Avestan razah - mysteries, secret,  meaning hidden or sacred revealations by God. In the Hebrew Bible, the concept of secrets or mysteries also frequently aligns with the word "סוד" ( sod ), which means "counsel," "mystery," or "secret." This term frequently appears in contexts relating to divine counsel or the hidden knowledge of God, such as in Amos 3:7: "Surely the Lord God will do nothing, but he revealeth his secret (סוד) unto his servants the prophets." Unfold/ unroll: " megilla " (מְגִלָּה) - roll, book, writing, scroll, from גָּלַל   gâlal  ( Isa 34:4 ) Greek Insights: Seek: - "Zeteo" ( ζητέω ) - to seek [in order to find out] by thinking, meditating, reasoning, studying, to enquire into, crave, strive after.  Wisdom: - "Sophia" ( Σοφία ) - wisdom, linked to deep understanding, intelligence, and skill.  Mysteries: “Mysterion" ( μυστήριον ) - indicating truths previously hidden but now revealed by divine means. Unfold/ unroll: "helisso" ( ἑλίσσω ) - to roll up, fold together, lasso, round up, gather ( ἐπισυνάγω ). Symbolism Across Scriptures: Proverbs 4:7 : "Wisdom is the principal thing; therefore get wisdom."  Proverbs 8:  With wisdom, God created the Heavens and Earth Matthew 6:33 : "Seek ye first the kingdom of God."  2 Nephi 28:29-30 , and   Isaiah 28:9-13 : “I will give unto the children of men line upon line, precept upon precept, here a little and there a little; and blessed are those who hearken unto my precepts, and lend an ear unto my counsel, for they shall learn wisdom; for unto him that receiveth I will give more; and from them that shall say, We have enough, from them shall be taken away even that which they have.” Mosiah 2:36 : “guide you in wisdom’s paths that ye may be blessed, prospered, and preserved— Mosiah 8:19-20 : “for they will not seek wisdom, neither do they desire that she should rule over them!” Alma 37:6 : "By small and simple things are great things brought to pass." Amos 3:7: "Surely the Lord God will do nothing, but he revealeth his secret (סוד) unto his servants the prophets.” “As/ If You Desire”  "Even as you desire  of me, so it shall be unto you; and if you desire , you shall be the means of doing much good in this generation." Hebrew Insight: Im Tirtzeh  (אִם תִּרְצֶה) – "If you desire/want." From ratza /r atzon  רָצוֹן Ka'asher Tirtzeh  (כַּאֲשֶׁר תִּרְצֶה) – "As you desire." Ratzah  (רָצָה) – To be pleased, to accept, to desire, to favor. Avah  (אָבָה) – To will (have in mind) intend, consent Chêphets  (חָפֵץ) –  That in which one takes delight” Greek Insight: Ean Thelēs  (ἐὰν θέλῃς) – "If you desire/want." Kathōs Theleis  (καθὼς θέλεις) – "As you desire." Thelō  (θέλω) – To wish, desire, or will something into action. Scriptural Parallels: Pro 8:35 : For whoso findeth me findeth life, and shall obtain favour of the LORD. Matthew 8:2 : "Lord, if you are willing ( ἐὰν θέλῃς ), you can make me clean." Mat 6:10 : Thy kingdom come. Thy will (θέλημα thélēma) be done in earth, as it is  in heaven. Mark 10:35 : "Master, we desire ( θέλομεν ) that thou shouldest do for us whatsoever we shall ask." Luke 22:42 : "Father, if thou be willing ( ἐὰν βούλει ), remove this cup from me..." This verse teaches that righteous desires in accordance with God's will will be granted, leading to action and fulfillment in His work. “Repentance” "Say nothing but repentance unto this generation." Hebrew Insights: Daber  Rak  Teshuvah/ T anahum  (דַּבֵּר רַק תְּשׁוּבָה) – "Say only repentance." From the roots   shuv  "turn back, return, restore" (course correction) and   נחם  "compassion, mercy" Teshuvah  (תְּשׁוּבָה) – "Repentance, return, turning back to God."   From a Jewish Perspective Greek Insights: Lalei  Monon  Metanoian  (Λάλει μόνον μετάνοιαν) – "Speak only repentance." Metanoia  (μετάνοια) – "Repentance, a change of heart and mind." From   μετά   and   νοέω   "with new understanding/ perspective" Scriptural Parallels: Matthew 4:17 : "Repent, for the kingdom of heaven is at hand." Mosiah 18:20 : "Yea, even he commanded them that they should preach nothing save it were repentance and faith on the Lord." 3 Nephi 11:39–40 : "Whosoever shall declare more or less than this... the same is not of me. The call to repentance is a fundamental aspect of Christ’s gospel and central to the Restoration. It emphasizes the urgency of returning to God and aligning our will with His in addition to showing compassion and mercy to others and ourselves. “ What Does it Really Mean to be Blessed For Keeping the Commandments?   “ How Do Commandments Bring Us Peace and Happiness?   Verse 10-11 - Exercising Spiritual Gifts Theme:  Using Spiritual Gifts for Good Description:  Oliver is reminded to use his sacred gift to find out mysteries  and bring others to the truth. Paul’s teachings in 1 Corinthians 14  describe spiritual gifts as tools for edification. The Hebrew word raz (רָז)  means hidden truth or mystery , emphasizing divine revelation. Key Words & Phrases: “Thou Shalt Exercise Thy Gift" Key Phrase:  "Thou shalt exercise thy gift , that thou mayest find out mysteries, that thou mayest bring many to the knowledge of the truth ." Hebrew Insight: Tif'al et matnat'cha  (תִּפְעַל אֶת מַתְּנַתְךָ) – "Thou shalt exercise/ practice  thy gift." Matana (מַתָּנָה) – " Gift, " often indicating divine blessings. Emet  (אֱמֶת) – "Truth, certainty, faithfulness." Greek Insight: Chrēsai tēn charismatou sou  (Χρῆσαι τὴν χάρισμά σου) – " Use  your gift." ( 1 Co 7:21 ) Alētheia  (ἀλήθεια) – "Truth, reality, unveiled knowledge." Charisma (χάρισμα) – " Spiritual gift, " given through grace. Scriptural Parallels: 1 Corinthians 14:12 : "Even so ye, forasmuch as ye are zealous of spiritual gifts, seek that ye may excel to the edifying of the church." 1 Corinthians 12:4–11 : List of spiritual gifts given by the Spirit. Moroni 10:8–18 : Explanation of diverse spiritual gifts in the Church. These verses emphasizes the responsibility to develop and use spiritual gifts to reveal divine truths to bring ourselves and others closer to Christ. Verse 12-13 - The Greatest Gift is Salvation Theme:  Eternal Life Over Earthly Rewards Description:  The Lord reminds Oliver that eternal life is the greatest gift . This aligns with Matthew 23:11 , where Christ teaches that “the greatest among you shall be your servant.”  The Hebrew yasha (יָשַׁע)  is the root of Yehoshua (Jesus), meaning “YHVH is salvation.” Key Words & Phrases: “There is No Gift Greater than the Gift of Salvation" Hebrew Insights: Ein matanah gedolah mi-matanat ha- yeshuah  (אֵין מַתָּנָה גְּדוֹלָה מִמַּתָּנַת הַיְשׁוּעָה) – "There is no greater gift than the gift of salvation." Yasha  (יָשַׁע) – "Salvation, deliverance, rescue." This root is the basis for the Hebrew name Yehoshua (יְהוֹשׁוּעַ), meaning " YHVH  (Jehovah) is   salvation " or "The Lord of Salvation." This name is directly associated with Jesus ( Yehoshuah , Yeshua, יֵשׁוּעַ), who is the fulfillment of God's saving power. Greek Insights: Ouden charisma meizon estin ē to charisma tēs sōtērias (Οὐδὲν χάρισμα μεῖζον ἐστὶν ἢ τὸ χάρισμα τῆς σωτηρίας) – "There is no greater gift than the gift of salvation." Sōtēria  (σωτηρία) – "Salvation, deliverance, preservation from harm." This term is used throughout the New Testament to describe both physical rescue and spiritual redemption through Christ. Scriptural Parallels: Acts 4:12 : "Neither is there salvation (sōtēria) in any other: for there is none other name under heaven given among men, whereby we must be saved." 2 Nephi 2:6–7 : "Redemption cometh in and through the Holy Messiah; for he is full of grace and truth." Alma 11:40 : "And he shall come into the world to redeem his people; and he shall take upon him the transgressions of those who believe on his name." Matthew 23:11 : "But he that is greatest among you shall be your servant. These verses highlight the preeminence of salvation above all spiritual gifts. While spiritual gifts enrich and empower, salvation is the ultimate gift granted through Jesus Christ. Recognizing that Yehoshuah/Yeshua—the very name of Christ—embodies salvation, this passage reaffirms that through Him, we receive the greatest possible blessing: eternal life in the presence of God.  Matthew 1:21  and thou shalt call his name Jesus (Salvation). Verse 14-17 - Enlightened by the Spirit of Truth Theme:  The Witness of the Spirit Description:  Oliver is reminded that he has been enlightened by the Spirit  as a witness of the truth. This parallels John 16:13 , which states that the Spirit will guide into all truth . The Greek word aletheia (ἀλήθεια)  means truth , signifying divine revelation. Key Words & Phrases: “ Received Instruction of My Spirit and Enlightened Thy Mind by the Spirit of Truth" Thou hast inquired of me, and behold, as often as thou hast inquired thou hast received instruction of my Spirit.  If it had not been so, thou wouldst not have come to the place where thou art at this time. Behold, thou knowest that thou hast inquired of me and I did enlighten thy mind ." Hebrew Insights: Kibel'ta hora'ah me'ruachi (קִיבַּלְתָּ הוֹרָאָה מֵרוּחִי) – "Received instruction from My Spirit." Qabal  (קָבַל) – "To receive, accept, take in" This represents the idea that the soul is endowed with faculties of intellect, emotion, and divine light, being bound and connected to God. This root word conveys the idea of receiving something with intention and responsibility. This is the same root that is used in Kabbalah. Ruach  Elohim  (רוּחַ אֱלֹהִים) – " Spirit of God, " associated with divine wisdom and revelation. Or (אוֹר) – "Light," often symbolizing divine enlightenment.   Verb ,   Noun Greek Insights: Photizō ton noun sou dia tou Pneumatos tēs Alētheias (Φωτίζω τὸν νοῦν σου διὰ τοῦ Πνεύματος τῆς Ἀληθείας) – "Enlighten thy mind by the Spirit of Truth." Lambanō  (λαμβάνω) – "To receive, to take hold of." Used frequently in the New Testament to indicate receiving divine truth or revelation. Pneuma   tēs Alētheias  (Πνεύμα τῆς Ἀληθείας) – " Spirit of Truth, " used in   John 16:13  to describe the Holy Ghost’s role in guiding believers. Photizō (Φωτίζω) – "To enlighten, to bring light, to illuminate." Scriptural Parallels: John 14:26 : "But the Comforter, which is the Holy Ghost, whom the Father will send in my name, he shall teach you all things." John 16:13 : "Howbeit when he, the Spirit of truth, is come, he will guide you into all truth." 2 Corinthians 4:6 : "For God, who commanded the light to shine out of darkness, hath shined in our hearts." Moroni 10:5 : "By the power of the Holy Ghost ye may know the truth of all things." These verses emphasize the personal nature of revelation. The Lord affirms that Oliver Cowdery has received divine instruction through the Holy Ghost. The Spirit of Truth ( Pneuma tēs Alētheias ) enlightens the mind, providing divine guidance and confirming the truth. The Hebrew Qabal  (קָבַל) suggests not just passive reception but an active acceptance of divine knowledge. Similarly, the Greek Lambanō  (λαμβάνω) indicates a deliberate receiving of truth, emphasizing that revelation requires both inquiry and readiness to accept divine instruction. This pattern of receiving revelation through inquiry aligns with scriptural teachings that the Lord will reveal knowledge to those who diligently seek Him. "This is the Spirit of Revelation" Getting Answers to Prayers Our Most Important Duty D&C 6:14-24 Verse 18-19 - Receiving Admonition Theme:  Developing Christlike Attributes Description:  Oliver is called to be patient, temperate, and full of faith, hope, and charity. These characteristics are outlined in 1 Corinthians 13 . The Greek word makrothymia (μακροθυμία)  means long-suffering , emphasizing endurance in faith. Key Words & Phrases: Receive Admonition" Key Phrase: "Admonish him in his faults, and also receive admonition of him. Be patient; be sober; be temperate; have patience, faith, hope and charity." Hebrew Insight: Qabel tochacha (קַבֵּל תּוֹכָחָה) – "Receive admonition." Tochacha (תּוֹכָחָה) – "Reproof, correction, instruction in righteousness." Greek Insight: Dexai nouthesian (Δέξαι νουθεσίαν) – "Receive admonition." Nouthesia (νουθεσία) – "Admonition, correction, instruction." Qualifying Characteristics Described: Patient:   Erekh  ruach (אֶרֶךְ רוּחַ) – "Long-suffering, patient." Sober:   Phronimos  (φρόνιμος) – "Sound-minded, prudent, from φρήν   phrḗn  possessing the faculty of control, perception, and judgment." Comparable to Hebrew root   tamam  תָּמַם, from which we get the word   Thummim . Temperate:   Egkratēs  (ἐγκρατής) – "Self-controlled, disciplined, one who masters his passions and appetites." From   ἐν  and   κράτος . Root cognate with עֹז   az , חָזַק   châzaq , and מָשַׁל   mâshal , indicating the concepts of having power, strength, and courage. Faith:   Emunah  (אֱמוּנָה) – "Faithfulness, trust."   Pistis  (πίστις) Hope:   Tikvah  (תִּקְוָה) – "Hope, expectation, cord." From   קָוָה ( Qavah)   line  ( Isa 28:13 )  "plumb line, measuring line" Charity:   Chesed  (חֶסֶד) – "mercy, covenant love, loyal love, loving-kindness"   Agapē  (ἀγάπη) – "Selfless love, divine love." Scriptural Parallels: Proverbs 9:9 : "Give instruction to a wise man, and he will be yet wiser." 2 Timothy 3:16 : "All scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness." 1 Corinthians 13:13 : "And now abideth faith, hope, charity, these three; but the greatest of these is charity." Doctrine & Covenants 121:41-42 : "No power or influence can or ought to be maintained by virtue of the priesthood, only by persuasion, by long-suffering, by gentleness and meekness, and by love unfeigned; By kindness, and pure knowledge, which shall greatly enlarge the soul without hypocrisy, and without guile. These verses highlight the importance of humility in correction and personal growth. Receiving admonition is linked with developing patience, faith, hope, and charity, reinforcing the idea that true discipleship involves both correction and refinement. It also ties into the principles outlined in D&C 121 , emphasizing that power and influence should be exercised through long-suffering, gentleness, meekness, and love unfeigned rather than force or compulsion. Peace to Your Mind" "Did I not speak peace to your mind concerning the matter? What greater witness can you have than from God?” Hebrew Insights: Lo dibarti shalom el machshavtecha? (הֲלוֹא דִּבַּרְתִּי שָׁלוֹם אֶל מַחְשַׁבְתֶּךָ?) – "Did I not speak peace to your mind?" Shalom  (שָׁלוֹם) – "Peace, completeness, wholeness, harmony." Machshavah  (מַחְשָׁבָה) – "Thought, mind, intention."  Yētṣer  (יֵ֣צֶר) – "mind, imagination, work, form, framing, purpose, framework” Greek Insight: Ouk eipon soi eirēnēn eis ton noun sou? (Οὐκ εἶπον σοι εἰρήνην εἰς τὸν νοῦν σου;) – "Did I not speak peace to your mind?" Eirēnē  (εἰρήνη) – "Peace, tranquility, divine rest." Nous  (νοῦς) – "Mind, intellect, understanding, perception." (νόημα  nóēma , νοιέω  noiéō , γινώσκω  ginṓskō  “knowledge” cognate with יָדַע  yâdaʻ ) Scriptural Parallels: John 14:27 : "Peace I leave with you, my peace I give unto you." Philippians 4:7 : "And the peace of God, which passeth all understanding, shall keep your hearts and minds through Christ Jesus." Isaiah 26:3 : "Thou wilt keep him in perfect peace, whose mind is stayed on thee.” This verse emphasizes that true peace comes from God and this is a key way He communicates with us. When we receive divine knowledge and confirmation, it often comes as a quiet assurance in our minds and hearts.3 Proceed with Trust “ What Does It Really Mean to Have Charity? Verse 20-21 - The Light in Darkness Theme:  Christ as the Light Description:  The Lord declares, “I am the light which shineth in darkness.”  This echoes John 1:5 , where Christ is the light that the darkness cannot comprehend. The Greek phos (φῶς)  means divine light , symbolizing truth and revelation. The Light That Shineth in Darkness" "I am Jesus Christ, the Son of God. I am the same that came unto mine own, and mine own received me not. I am the light which shineth in darkness, and the darkness comprehendeth it not." Hebrew Insight: Ani Yeshua HaMashiach, Ben Elohim (אֲנִי יֵשׁוּעַ הַמָּשִׁיחַ, בֶּן אֱלֹהִים) – "I am Jesus Christ, the Son of God." Or ha'meir ba'choshech (אוֹר הַמֵּאִיר בַּחשֶׁךְ) – "The light that shines in darkness." V’ha'choshech lo hevin oto (וְהַחֹשֶׁךְ לֹא הֵבִין אוֹתוֹ) – "And the darkness did not understand it." Or (אוֹר) – "Light, illumination, divine presence." Choshech  (חֹשֶׁךְ) – "Darkness, obscurity, spiritual blindness." Bin  (בִין) – "Understanding, discernment” Greek Insight: Ego eimi Iēsous Christos, ho Huios tou Theou (Ἐγώ εἰμι Ἰησοῦς Χριστός, ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ Θεοῦ) – "I am Jesus Christ, the Son of God." To phōs phainei en tē skotia (Τὸ φῶς φαίνει ἐν τῇ σκοτίᾳ) – "The light shines in the darkness." Kai hē skotia auto ou katelaben (Καὶ ἡ σκοτία αὐτὸ οὐ κατέλαβεν) – "And the darkness did not comprehend it." Phōs  (φῶς) – "Light, divine truth, enlightenment." Skotia  (σκοτία) – "Darkness, ignorance, separation from God." Katalambanō   (καταλαμβάνω) – “comprehend, apprehend, attain, come upon, find, obtain, perceive” Scriptural Parallels: John 1:5 : "And the light shineth in darkness; and the darkness comprehended it not." John 8:12 : "Then spake Jesus again unto them, saying, I am the light of the world: he that followeth me shall not walk in darkness, but shall have the light of life." 3 Nephi 9:18 : "I am the light and the life of the world. I am Alpha and Omega, the beginning and the end.” Jesus Christ declares His divine identity and mission as the Son of God. The imagery of light shining in darkness (or ha'meir ba'choshech) conveys Christ’s role as the source of truth and spiritual enlightenment. The darkness (skotia) represents ignorance, rejection, and separation from God. Despite opposition, the light of Christ remains constant and accessible to those who seek Him. This verse serves as a reminder that while many may reject Him, His truth and presence will always shine for those willing to receive it. “ How Can One “Feast upon the Words of Christ”? (2 Nephi 32:3)” Verse 22-24 - Peace to Your Mind Theme:  The Witness of the Spirit Description:  The Lord reminds Oliver of a moment when he received peace in his mind  as a spiritual witness. This aligns with Philippians 4:7 , which speaks of the peace of God that surpasses understanding . The Hebrew word shalom (שָׁלוֹם)  means wholeness, peace, and divine well-being . Key Words & Phrases: Peace to Your Mind" "Did I not speak peace to your mind concerning the matter? What greater witness can you have than from God?” Hebrew Insights: Lo dibarti shalom el machshavtecha? (הֲלוֹא דִּבַּרְתִּי שָׁלוֹם אֶל מַחְשַׁבְתֶּךָ?) – "Did I not speak peace to your mind?" Shalom  (שָׁלוֹם) – "Peace, completeness, wholeness, harmony." Machshavah  (מַחְשָׁבָה) – "Thought, mind, intention."  Yētṣer  (יֵ֣צֶר) – "mind, imagination, work, form, framing, purpose, framework” Greek Insights: Ouk eipon soi eirēnēn eis ton noun sou? (Οὐκ εἶπον σοι εἰρήνην εἰς τὸν νοῦν σου;) – "Did I not speak peace to your mind?" Eirēnē  (εἰρήνη) – "Peace, tranquility, divine rest." Nous  (νοῦς) – "Mind, intellect, understanding, perception." (νόημα  nóēma , νοιέω  noiéō , γινώσκω  ginṓskō  “knowledge” cognate with יָדַע  yâdaʻ ) Scriptural Parallels: John 14:27 : "Peace I leave with you, my peace I give unto you." Philippians 4:7 : "And the peace of God, which passeth all understanding, shall keep your hearts and minds through Christ Jesus." Isaiah 26:3 : "Thou wilt keep him in perfect peace, whose mind is stayed on thee.” This verse emphasizes that true peace comes from God and this is a key way He communicates with us. When we receive divine knowledge and confirmation, it often comes as a quiet assurance in our minds and hearts. Verse 25-27 - Hidden Scriptures and Divine Knowledge Theme:  Revelation and Lost Records Description:  The Lord reveals that more sacred records exist. This connects with 2 Nephi 27:6-7 , which speaks of additional scripture to be revealed in the last days. The Hebrew word saphar (סֵפֶר)  means scroll or book , indicating preserved divine knowledge. Key Words & Phrases: “Lay up treasures for yourself in heaven… bring to light those parts which have been hidden” Verse 28-37 - The Keys and Faithfulness Theme:  Trust in Christ’s Power Description:  Oliver is reminded to fear not  and continue in the work. This aligns with Matthew 16:19 , where Christ gives Peter the keys of the kingdom . The Greek kleis (κλείς)  means authority or stewardship . Does this word mean Keys? The Keys of This Gift" Key Phrase: "And now, behold, I give unto you, and also unto my servant Joseph, the keys of this gift, which shall bring to light this ministry; and in the mouth of two or three witnesses shall every word be established." Hebrew Insight: U'lemaftechot ha'matanah hazot (וּלְמַפְתְּחוֹת הַמַּתָּנָה הַזֹּאת) – "The keys of this gift." Mafteach  (מַפְתֵּחַ) – "Key, authority, unlocking." Matanah  (מַתָּנָה) – "Gift, bestowal, divine endowment." Greek Insight: Kai ta kleidia tou charismatos toutou (Καὶ τὰ κλεῖδια τοῦ χαρίσματος τούτου) – "The keys of this gift." κλείς ( kleís ) – "Keys, authority, control." Charisma  (χάρισμα) – "Gift, divine grace, spiritual endowment." Scriptural Parallels: Matthew 16:19 : "And I will give unto thee the keys of the kingdom of heaven." 2 Corinthians 13:1 : "In the mouth of two or three witnesses shall every word be established." Doctrine & Covenants 27:13 : "Unto whom I have committed the keys of my kingdom." This passage underscores the concept of divine authority, linking the idea of "keys" to stewardship, revelation, and priesthood power. The reference to multiple witnesses aligns with the biblical principle of establishing truth through the testimony of multiple witnesses, reinforcing the legitimacy of prophetic authority and revelation. Fear Not, Little Flock" " Fear not , little flock; do good; let earth and hell combine against you, for if ye are built upon my rock, they cannot prevail.” Hebrew Insight: Al tira, eder katan  (אַל תִּירָא, עֵדֶר קָטָן) – "Fear not, little flock." Al  Tira  (תִּירָא) – "Fear not, be not afraid." Imperative form from יָרֵא  yârê Eder  (עֵדֶר) – "Flock, herd, gathering." Tzur  (צוּר) – "Rock, foundation, strength." Greek Insight: Mē phobeisthe, mikron poimnion  (Μὴ φοβεῖσθε, μικρὸν ποίμνιον) – "Fear not, little flock." Phobeisthe  (φοβεῖσθε) – "Fear, be afraid." Imperative form of φοβέω  phobéō Poimnion  (ποίμνιον) – "Flock, small group of sheep." Petra  (πέτρα) – "Rock, solid foundation." Scriptural Parallels: Luke 12:32 : "Fear not, little flock; for it is your Father's good pleasure to give you the kingdom." Matthew 7:24–25 : "Whosoever heareth these sayings of mine, and doeth them, I will liken him unto a wise man, which built his house upon a rock." Helaman 5:12 : "And now, my sons, remember, remember that it is upon the rock of our Redeemer, who is Christ, the Son of God, that ye must build your foundation." 1 Peter 2:6 : "Behold, I lay in Sion a chief corner stone, elect, precious: and he that believeth on him shall not be confounded." Matthew 16:18 : "And I say also unto thee, That thou art Peter, and upon this rock I will build my church; and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it." This verse reassures believers that despite opposition from the world and the adversary, they have divine protection if they remain steadfast in Christ. The imagery of a "little flock" emphasizes the idea of a faithful remnant, and the "rock" signifies Christ as the firm foundation upon which disciples should build their faith. The phrase "let earth and hell combine against you" reflects the inevitable trials of discipleship, but the promise remains that nothing can ultimately prevail against those firmly grounded in Christ. Peter's reference to Christ as the "chief cornerstone" further emphasizes the role of Jesus as the foundation of faith. Additionally, Matthew 16:18 reinforces the promise that Christ’s church, built upon divine revelation and faith in Him, will withstand all opposition, just as those who are built upon His rock will not fall. Look to Christ and Doubt Not" "Look unto me in every thought; doubt not, fear not. Behold the wounds which pierced my side, and also the prints of the nails in my hands and feet; be faithful, keep my commandments, and ye shall inherit the kingdom of heaven." Hebrew Insight: Habet elai b’kol machshevoteychem, al tefakdehu, al tira’u  (הַבֵּט אֵלַי בְּכָל מַחְשְׁבוֹתֵיכֶם, אַל תְּפַקְדֵּהוּ, אַל תִּירָאוּ) – "Look unto me in every thought; doubt not, fear not." Habet  (הַבֵּט) – "Look, gaze, focus upon." Tefakdehu  (תְּפַקְדֵּהוּ) – "Doubt, waver." Tira’u  (תִּירָאוּ) – "Fear, be afraid." Pega  (פֶּגַע) – "Wound, piercing." Greek Insight: Ide ta traumata mou, tēn pleuran mou kai tous hēlous en tais chersin kai podas  (Ἴδε τὰ τραύματά μου, τὴν πλευράν μου καὶ τοὺς ἥλους ἐν ταῖς χερσὶν καὶ ποσί) – "Behold my wounds, my side, and the nails in my hands and feet." Ide  (Ἴδε) – "Behold, see, look upon." Pleurē  (πλευρά) – "Side, rib." Heloi  (ἥλοι) – "Nails, spikes." Scriptural Parallels: Isaiah 53:5: "But he was wounded for our transgressions, he was bruised for our iniquities: the chastisement of our peace was upon him; and with his stripes we are healed." John 20:27: "Then saith he to Thomas, Reach hither thy finger, and behold my hands; and reach hither thy hand, and thrust it into my side: and be not faithless, but believing." 3 Nephi 11:14: "Arise and come forth unto me, that ye may thrust your hands into my side, and also that ye may feel the prints of the nails in my hands and in my feet." Hebrews 12:2: "Looking unto Jesus the author and finisher of our faith." These verses encapsulate Christ’s invitation to fully trust in Him. "Look unto me in every thought" signifies unwavering faith and focus on Christ as our source of peace and salvation. The command to "doubt not, fear not" is a call to trust in the Lord’s power despite life’s uncertainties. Christ presenting His wounds recalls His invitation to Thomas and the Nephites to witness His sacrifice firsthand. This passage reassures believers of Christ’s love, atonement, and promise that faithfulness leads to eternal inheritance in the kingdom of heaven. “ Why Were Three Key Witnesses Chosen to Testify of the Book of Mormon? “ Did the Book of Mormon Witnesses Really See What They Claimed?   (3 Nephi 28:15)”  Why Did the Savior Emphasize His Risen Body in the Nephite Sacrament?  (3 Nephi 18:7), Due to the amount of info, D&C 7-9 will be continued in Part 2 of this lesson. Oliver Cowdery Missiionaries to Match Our Message - Elder Ballard Additional Resources: The Scripture Citation Index Doctrine & Covenants Stories Scripture Stories Coloring Book - D&C Liahona , For the Strength of Youth , Friend Saints The Gospel Learning and Teaching email subscription Revelations in Context: The Stories Behind the Sections of the Doctrine and Covenants Doctrine and Covenants Historical Resources Joseph Smith Papers   Joseph Smith’s Revelations: A Doctrine and Covenants Study Companion from the Joseph Smith Papers Joseph Smith Papers Podcasts Mission of the Prophet Joseph Smith Accounts of the First Vision Prophets of the Restoration Gospel Topics Essays Gospel Topics and Questions Church History Topics Answers to Church History Questions Global Histories Saints, Volume 1 Saints, Volume 2 Revelations in Context Joseph Smith’s Revelations Joseph Smith Papers Podcasts Church History Topics Maps: Church History Maps Northeastern United States Palmyra-Manchester, New York, 1820–31 The New York, Pennsylvania, and Ohio Area of the USA Joseph Smith Papers Joseph Smith's Residences The Scriptures, Mapped

CFM : January 27–February 2 D&C 3–5  Videos, Podcasts, & Weekly Lesson Material Media Resource Links BYU RSC Library D&C 3-5 Make Your Calling and Election Sure The Lost 116 Pages Story Joseph Smith and Hearty Repentance Come Follow Church History with Lynne Hilton Wilson D&C 3-5 Come Follow Me Kid D&C 3-5 Come Follow Me Scott Woodward & Casey Griffiths D&C 3-5 Come Follow Up D&C 3-5 Don't Miss This D&C 3-5 Follow Him D&C 3-5 Part 1 • Dr. Roberts Eaton Part 2 • Dr. Roberts Eaton Transcripts Gospel For Kids Grounded with Barbara Morgan D&C 3-5 Hurricane Adult Religion Class D&C 3-5 Video: Lesson 3: Translation of the Book of Mormon, Sections 3,5,10,&17 Website Seminary Decks Latter Day Kids D&C 3-5 Line Upon Line D&C 3-5 Meridian Magazine Podcast D&C 3-5 ( Not Yet Posted ) Our Mother's Knew It D&C 3-5 ( Not Yet Posted ) Saving Talents D&C 3-5 Scripture Study Central D&C 3-5 Come Follow Me Insights (Doctrine and Covenants 3–5, Jan 18-24) Come Follow Me with Casey Paul Griffiths (Doctrine and Covenants 3–5, Jan 18–24) Hard Questions in Church History with Lynne Hilton Wilson: Week 4 (D&C 3-5, Jan 18-24) Come Follow Me: Act in Doctrine (Doctrine and Covenants 3–5, Jan 18–24) Come Follow Me with John Hilton III (Doctrine and Covenants 3–5, Jan 18–24) Come Follow Me with Taylor Halverson (Doctrine and Covenants 3–5, Jan 18–24) Doctrine and Covenants 3, with Scott Woodward Doctrine and Covenants 4, with Scott Woodward Doctrine and Covenants 5, with Scott Woodward Doctrine and Covenants Contexts: D&C 3 , 4 , and 5  Steven C. Harper Doctrine and Covenants Minute: D&C 3 , 4 , and 5  Casey Griffiths Restoration Voices Volume 2: D&C 3 , 4 , and 5  Susan Easton Black Scripture Explorers D&C 3-5 ( Not yet Posted ) Scripture Gems D&C 3-5 Scripture Insights D&C 3-5 Talking Scripture D&C 3-5 Show Notes The Interpreter Foundation D&C 3-5 Study and Teaching Helps: 2025 Doctrine & Covenants Interpreter Radio Show — January 5, 2025, including Doctrine & Covenants in Context Audio Roundtable: Come, Follow Me Doctrine and Covenants Lesson 4 (D&C 3–5) Scripture Roundtable: D&C Gospel Doctrine Lesson 11, "The Field Is White Already to Harvest" Scripture Roundtable: D&C Gospel Doctrine Lesson 35, "A Mission of Saving" Faith, Hope, and Charity: The “Three Principal Rounds” of the Ladder of Heavenly Ascent Mormonism and the Scientific Persistence of Circles: Aristotle, Spacetime, and One Eternal Round The Red Crystal D&C 3-5 Primary Printables The Scriptures are Real D&C 3-5 ( Not yet posted ) Unshaken D&C 3-5   Resources and Insights for this Week's Lesson   I’ve mentioned previously that I’m taking classes through Israel’s Institute of Biblical Studies (IIBS), which partners with Hebrew University in Israel. One of my current classes has been particularly fascinating because it aligns closely with the topics we’ve been studying in D&C. In our previous lesson, we discussed how the Restoration is a Resh-Torah-action,  a return to the Law as it was initially given and understood. This week in my IIBS class, we explored how the Torah was lost following the Babylonian invasion. During the exile, the Jewish people were scattered across the Persian Empire, and their language, culture, knowledge, and even alphabet underwent significant changes due to Babylonian and Persian influences. This mirrors themes from our CFM lesson last week, overlapping some of the topics we addressed. When the Jews returned to Jerusalem, most no longer spoke or understood Hebrew. The Torah, once central to their lives, had become inaccessible to them. This might be akin to modern English speakers trying to understand the poem Beowolf in its original Old English . To bridge this gap, the Targum —a translation and commentary in Aramaic—was developed to help reconnect the people to God’s word. What is interesting about this is that Christ frequently alluded to the Targum in the New Testament. The Targum and the Septuagint (the Greek translation of the Tanakh) were the texts that most first-century Jews would have been familiar with. In some cases, Jesus supported the interpretations of the Targum, even quoting direct passages. In others, he had issues with the interpretations, and he took many opportunities to clarify. For example, during the healing of the paralytic (Matthew 9:2–8; Mark 2:1–12; Luke 5:17–26), the Pharisees challenged Christ’s authority to forgive sins, citing Exodus 34:7 as interpreted in the Targum. Jesus responded by asserting His divine authority: ‘For whether is easier, to say, Thy sins be forgiven thee; or to say, Arise, and walk?’ His words and actions both affirmed and expanded the people's understanding of God’s power, wisdom, and forgiveness. This perspective sheds interesting light on part of the divine purposes of the Book of Mormon. Even in Christ’s time, misinterpretations and misunderstandings of scripture caused confusion and conflict. The Book of Mormon helps to clarify some of these misunderstandings, restoring ancient truths that were lost or distorted over centuries. Remarkably, the Brass Plates, which were the foundation of the Book of Mormon, predate the canonization of the Tanakh and the development of the Targum and Septuagint. This makes the Book of Mormon not only a commentary of an early version of the Tanakh, but a unique witness of Christ and a window into the First Temple period’s spiritual, linguistic, and intellectual heritage. How amazing is that? It is therefore important that we pay attention to subtle linguistic details in scripture, especially when we observe similarities and differences in the traditions and interpretations. We should be asking ourselves, what are these similarities/differences, why are they significant, and how can we learn from them? In the materials that are included in this week's lesson, there were two articles that I found especially riveting, particularly as they pertain to rediscovering significant principles that have been lost. These articles are  " Mormonism and the Scientific Persistence of Circles: Aristotle, Spacetime, and One Eternal Round " and  " Faith, Hope, and Charity: The “Three Principal Rounds ” of the Ladder of Heavenly Ascent. " I only have enough time to address one of these articles, but they are both very insightful, and include heavy topics, focusing on just the first two verses we read in D&C section 3. We could easily spend months on these two verses alone, so if you want meat, this is it! These verses were given to Joseph Smith at one of the lowest points of his life. He had just lost the manuscript pages and was terrified and devastated, fearing that he had destroyed God's work in addition to losing his soul. In this moment of deep dispair, the Lord taught him some truly remarkable and profound doctrine. The opening verses of D&C 3  reads, “The works, and the designs, and the purposes of God cannot be frustrated, neither can they come to naught. For God doth not walk in crooked paths, neither doth he turn to the right hand nor to the left, neither doth he vary from that which he hath said; therefore his paths are straight, and his course is one eternal round.” This passage not only provided great comfort to the young prophet, but it also connects to timeless principles of order, consistency, and the divine perfection of God and His works— these are concepts that, to a large extent, had been lost to the world. Yet, stubborn pieces of these eternal principles kept returning, again and again, in various ways, and at various times, because they resonate deeply with both spiritual truths and patterns found in history, science, philosophy, literature, and nature. Throughout history, the concept of the eternal round has been understood and interpreted in many ways. Anciently, these principles were connected to religious, scientific, and philosophical ideals, including principles of astronomy. However, many of these ideas became misunderstood and even corrupted, in part due to misinterpretation and ergegeuos misunderstanding. As such, they were, to a large extent, abandoned. In the modern day, while these concepts have been largely forgotten, (dismissed and overlooked), a reawakening has begun to take shape, in various fields. While our modern understandings and applications of these principles differ from those described in the ancient records of the past, we are beginning to make valuable connections that can help us to better understand the laws of God and our natural world. One Eternal Round: Circles and Patterns in God’s Work The Persistence of Circles in Science and Scripture: The phrase “one eternal round” highlights the perfect, complete, and cyclical nature of God’s works. It is used many times throughout scripture, particularly in the Book of Mormon. This principle is reflected in: Natural Cycles:  Seasons, planetary orbits, the color wheel, the Circle of Fifths, the solar cycle, the lunar cycle, the calendar, and even the structure of atoms. These patterns and phenomina all testify of God and His divine order. ( Moses 6:63 ) Ancient Symbolism:  Circles and cycles were sacred symbols in ancient Israel, as demonstrated in the creation account, which divided the creation into into seven periods, outlining the organization of the cyclical days of the week. These sacred patterns were replicated in temple rituals and even artifacts, such as the Menorah and feast cyles. These patterns outlined principles of measurement, eternity, perfection, and God’s unchanging and consistent nature. In modern physics, spacetime itself is often visualized in circular or spherical dimensions, underscoring the recurring patterns of creation ( Can a Circle Be a Straight Line? ). Eternal Principles in Gospel Doctrine: God’s paths are “straight,” yet His course is “one eternal round.” This paradox illustrates how linear progression (our journey back to God) is encompassed within a series of cyclical, reoccurring, and repetative patterns which are designed to teach us about and outline His eternal plan. Ancient covenants, temple ordinances, the pride cycle, and even the Restoration itself demonstrate this principle. The Restoration is not merely a linear event; it is a return—a circle—to God’s original truths, his Alpha and Omega. This pattern is much like Joseph Conrad's concept of the " Hero's Jouney ," which Elder Uchdorf likened to the Plan of Salvation ( Your Great Adventure ). This pattern is demonstrated in many ancient artifacts, including the Facsimile in Abraham, and in the Magen David of the Lenningrad Codex (the oldest complete manuscript of the Hebrew Tanakh, 1009 AD). Facimile 2 Leningrad Codex Christ at the Center of All Things: Circles often symbolize Christ as the Alpha and Omega, the beginning and the end (Revelation 1:8). His Atonement harmoniously binds all creation into one eternal plan of redemption and salvation. First depiction of a bearded Christ, dating to the 4th century AD in the catacomes of Commodillia. In D&C 3:1–3, we see the concept of the eternal round as a reassurance that no matter the errors or deviations of humanity, or even ourselves, God’s overarching purposes remain intact through the power of His infinite Atonement. These outline the principles of the Gospel that can guide us back to Him and to our eternal home. This is a lot packed into just a few verses, and this very abbreviated summary represents only a tiny fraction of the very tip of the immense proverbial iceberg. These concepts and their potentials encompass realities that are beyond our comprehension and imagination, and this significance can not be understated. D&C 3 Chapter Outline Overview: Timeframe and Setting: Date: Summer of 1828. Location: Harmony, Pennsylvania. Occasion: Revelation received by Joseph Smith following the loss of the 116 manuscript pages of the Book of Mormon translation, entrusted to Martin Harris. Key Circumstances: Loss of the Manuscript:  Martin Harris had persistently requested to take the manuscript pages to show his family, seeking to validate the work and his role in it. Despite initial refusals, Joseph sought the Lord’s permission multiple times. Finally, after repeated petitions, conditional permission was granted, but Martin failed to safeguard the pages. Joseph’s Distress:  The loss deeply troubled Joseph, leading to feelings of guilt and doubt about his prophetic calling. Purpose of the Revelation: Rebuke and Correction:  The Lord chastised Joseph for fearing man more than God and for not adhering strictly to divine counsel. Reassurance:  Despite Joseph’s error, the Lord reaffirmed His work and Joseph’s role in it, promising forgiveness upon repentance. Divine Plan Preserved:  The revelation assured that God’s purposes would not be thwarted and that the work of translation would continue. Significance: A Learning Moment:  This revelation was a pivotal teaching moment for Joseph, demonstrating the fallibility of even the Lord's elect. This emphasizes the necessity of obedience, humility, and trust in God and that we are all susceptible to error. Foundation for the Restoration:  The section reinforces the eternal nature of God’s plan and establishes principles of accountability and stewardship, which were critical lessons for Joseph to learn in his prophetic ministry. Major Topics & Themes Resources & Commentary Doctrine and Covenants 3: The Rebuke and Promises Verses 1–3:   God’s Work Cannot Be Frustrated Theme:  God's way, course, and purposes are eternal, unchangeable, and will come to pass (see Isaiah 14:27 ; Heb 13:8 ). Key Phrase:  "The works, and the designs, and the purposes of God cannot be frustrat ed," "his path ( דֶּרֶךְ , ὁδός ) is straight (strait στενός , צַר )," His course  ( דֶּרֶךְ , ὁδός ) i s one eternal round." Concept:  Mirrors the assurance of God's sovereignty and consistency found throughout Israelite theology (e.g., Deuteronomy 32:4). The strait and narrow path, way, and course concepts are found not only in the Book of Mormon but throughout the Biblical texts ( 1 Ne 8:20 , 2 Ne 31:17-20 , 2 Ne 33:9 , Helaman 3:29-30 , Gen 3:24 , Ex 18:20 , 23:20 ; Num 22:26 , Deut 2:27 , 10:12 , Psalm 5:8 , 18:30 , 25 Prov 4 , 8 ; Mt 7:13-14 ; Luke 13:24 . 1 Ne 10:19 , Alma 7:20 , Alma 37:12 , D&C 35:1 , Lectures of Faith 3) Restoration Connection:  These verses highlight the steady, consistent, and unshakable nature of God and his covenant with His people, reminding us and giving us confidence that he is the same yesterday, today, and forever. Articles: Mormonism and the Scientific Persistence of Circles: Aristotle, Spacetime, and One Eternal Round “ Gathering the Lord's Words into One: Biblical Intertextuality in the Doctrine and Covenants .” Verses 4–8:   Human Weakness and Divine Expectation Theme:  Trust in God over man ( Proverbs 3:5–6 ). Key Phrase:  "You should have been faithful; and he would have extended his arm and supported you," "You should not have feared man more than God." Concept:  Echoes Christ's rebuke of Peter’s doubt in Matthew 14:30–31 . Restoration Connection:  Demonstrates God's expectation of unwavering obedience in sacred stewardship. Videos: “ Why Doesn’t God Punish Us the Moment We Sin? “ What are the “Fiery Darts of the Adversary” Spoken of by Nephi? Article: “ Joseph Smith and Hearty Repentance .” Verses 9–15:   Mercy through Repentance Theme:  God’s mercy is extended to the repentant ( Ezekiel 18:21–23 ; Luke 15:7 ). Key Phrase:  "If thou art not aware thou wilt fall," "depended upon his own judgment and boasted of his own wisdom," "this is the reason that thou hast lost thy privileges for a season," "thou art still chosen, and called to the work." Concept:  Explains consequences for ignoring the Lord's instructions and warnings, loss of records, and gift to translate. Demonstrate that even prophets are human and capable of making mistakes. Grace is necessary for everyone. Videos:  “ Why Did the Book of Mormon Come Forth as a Miracle? “ Why Is the Timing of the Book of Mormon’s Translation So “Marvelous”? “ Why Is the Book of Mormon “Another Testament of Jesus Christ” “ Why Is the Book of Mormon So Focused on Jesus Christ? Verses 16–20:   Mercy and Movement Forward with God's Plan of Salvation and His Preservation of the Records Theme:  God’s foreknowledge and preparation, no man can impede His work ( Isaiah 46:10 ). Key Phrase:  "My work shall go forth," "through the testimony of the Jews, even so shall the knowledge of a Savior come unto my people," "for this purpose are these plates preserved...that the promises of the Lord might be fulfilled, which he made to his people." Concept:  Connects to the role of Nephite prophets, like Moses, in preserving God’s word ( Deuteronomy 31:24–26 ). Restoration Connection:  The sacred records act as another witness to the Bible, aiding in the Restoration of lost knowledge. Videos: “ Why Was a Stone Used as an Aid in Translating the Book of Mormon?  “ Why Did Lehi Divide His People into Seven Tribes? (Jacob 1:13) .” Why Did the Nephites Preserve Some Items as “National Treasures”? “ Why Should Readers Pay Attention to the Book of Mormon’s Editorial Promises? “ Who Are the Lamanites? “ Why Is the Book of Mormon’s Historical Authenticity So Important? “ Are the Accounts of the Golden Plates Believable?   “ Why Should We Read the Book of Mormon Daily? “ Why Hasn’t Lehi’s DNA Been Found? “ Why Does the Book of Mormon Include the Rise and Fall of Two Nations? Articles “The Lost 116 Pages Story: What We Do Know, What We Don’t Know, and What We Might Know.” D&C 4 Chapter Outline Overview: Timeframe and Setting: Date: February 1829. Location: Harmony, Pennsylvania. Occasion: Revelation given in response to Joseph Smith Sr.'s inquiry about his role in the unfolding Restoration. Key Circumstances: Joseph Smith Sr.’s Faith:  As Joseph Smith Jr.’s father, Joseph Smith Sr. had a history of deep spiritual yearnings but struggled with formal religion. Upon hearing of the Restoration, he sought to know how he could contribute to God’s work. Early Preparations for Missionary Service:  The revelation anticipated the growing need for laborers to spread the gospel, even before the Church’s formal organization. Purpose of the Revelation: Encouragement and Invitation:  This section served as a call to action, inviting Joseph Smith Sr. and all disciples to participate in the Lord’s “marvelous work.” Qualifications for Service:  The revelation outlined the attributes required to serve God, including faith, hope, charity, and love. Significance: Timeless Call to Service:  Though given to Joseph Smith Sr., the message applies universally to all who desire to serve God, reinforcing themes from Christ’s early Church, such as dedication to spreading the gospel (Matthew 28:19–20). Personal Revelation:  It exemplifies the principle that anyone can receive divine guidance for their individual calling and contribution to God’s kingdom. Major Topics & Themes Resources & Commentary Doctrine and Covenants 4: The Call to Serve Joseph Smith’s Support at Home Verse 1:   A Marvelous Work Theme:  The unfolding of God’s plan in the latter days (Isaiah 29:14). Promise given to Nephi (1 Ne 14:7, 22:8; 2 Nephi 25:17,26; 29:1) Key Phrase:  "A great and marvelous work is about to come forth." (Psalm of Thanksgiving, 1 Ch 16:8-36 , Matt 21:15 θαυμάσιος , פָּלָא ) Concept:  Reflects the expectation of a messianic restoration in Israelite prophecy. Videos: “ Why Is the Timing of the Book of Mormon’s Translation So “Marvelous”? “ Why Did the Book of Mormon Come Forth as a Miracle?    “ What Role Does the Book of Mormon Play in Missionary Work? “ Why Are There So Many Similarities between the Dreams of Lehi and Joseph Smith, Sr.? Articles: “ Return ,” “ Open Hand ,” Verses 2–5:   Qualifications for the Work Theme:  Attributes of a profitable servant of God ( 1 Corinthians 13:13 ; Galatians 5:22–23 ; Job 22:2 ; Profitable ( סָכַן ., εὔχρηστος ) Servant ( δοῦλος , עֶבֶד ) Key Phrase:  "called to the work," "the field is white already to harvest ," "Faith, hope, charity, and love, with an eye single to the glory of God." Concept:  Mirrors the "fruits of the Spirit," described in early Christian teachings, per the Jewish Bikkurim traditions. Paul indicated Jesus as the "first fruit of them that slept" through the miracle of His Resurrection ( 1 Co15:20 ). This section reinforces the harvest themes discussed last week with the onset of Yom Teruach and the Fall Festivals, which are indicative of a time of preparation leading up to the Second Coming of Christ. Restoration Connection:  Encourages consecrated service akin to the dedication of the apostles and the priests in Israel. What does it mean to be a profitable servant? Videos:  “ What Does It Mean to Love God with “All Thy Mind”? “ Why Does the Book of Mormon Say We Must Worship God with Our Whole Soul? “ How Are Acts of Service Related to Wisdom? “ Valiant in the Testimony of Jesus .” “Yielding Our Hearts to God.” Articles: “ President Eyring Defines How Leaders Can Help Missionaries Choose to Serve. ” Verses 6–8:   Promises for the Faithful Theme:  God blesses those who serve Him faithfully ( 1 Corinthians 15:58 ). Key Phrase:  "Ask, and ye shall receive; knock, and it shall be opened unto you." Concept:  Parallels Christ’s promise to His disciples ( Matthew 7:7–8 ). Restoration Connection:  Invites participation in God’s work, bridging Old Testament covenants and Christ’s Great Commission ( Matthew 28:19–20 ). Videos:   “ Making the Right Choices .” “ Hope of Israel. ” The Power of Spiritual Momentum .” D&C 5 Chapter Outline Overview: Timeframe and Setting: Date: March 1829. Location: Harmony, Pennsylvania. Occasion: Revelation was given to Joseph Smith at Martin Harris’s request for a greater witness of the plates’ authenticity. Key Circumstances: Martin Harris’s Desire for Proof:  Martin, having financially supported the work and witnessed challenges surrounding the translation process, sought additional evidence of the plates’ truthfulness to strengthen his faith and defend his involvement. Joseph’s Role as a Prophet:  The revelation reaffirmed Joseph Smith’s prophetic calling and his responsibility in the Restoration. Purpose of the Revelation: Witnesses of the Plates:  The Lord declared that three chosen witnesses would be permitted to see the plates and bear testimony of them, establishing their truth for the world. Call to Repentance:  Martin Harris and others were admonished to repent and exercise faith rather than rely solely on physical evidence. Reaffirmation of God’s Work:  The revelation reiterated that the Book of Mormon was a divine work, and its translation and purpose were under God’s direction. Significance: Role of Witnesses:  The concept of multiple witnesses ties to Biblical law, where two or three witnesses establish truth (Deuteronomy 19:15; 2 Corinthians 13:1). This principle was foundational to validating the Restoration. Accountability in Sacred Work:  The Lord emphasized the weight of sacred responsibilities, holding Martin Harris accountable for his faith and actions. Joseph’s Prophetic Mission:  The Lord reaffirmed Joseph’s role as the prophet of the Restoration, establishing him as a key instrument in fulfilling God’s purposes. This revelation provided direction and comfort to both Joseph Smith and Martin Harris, emphasizing the need for faith, repentance, and obedience in the unfolding of the Restoration. It also highlighted the critical role of witnesses in God’s work. Major Topics & Themes Resources & Commentary Doctrine and Covenants 5: A Witness to the World Verses 1–5:   Warning to Joseph and Martin Harris Theme:  Accountability in sacred trust. Martin and Joseph called as witnesses; the Lord reaffirmed his instructions to protect the plates, allowing only those the Lord commands to view them. Joseph is to focus solely on the translation process until it is completed. Key Phrase:  "Stand as a witness " (עֵד ʻêd , μαρτυρέω martyréō, μάρτυς );  this is where the English word martyr comes from. Like Paul, Joseph is called to be a minister and a martyr "witness," Act 26:16 ) Concept:   Gifts of the Spirit ( רוּחַ , πνεῦμα translation (gift of tongues, 1 Co 12 , לָשׁוֹן , γλῶσσα glōssa ) . The importance of keeping covenants . Videos The Witness: Martin Harris “ How Did Martin Harris Help Bring Forth the Book of Mormon? “ Why Were the Plates Present During the Translation of the Book of Mormon?   “ Is the Book of Mormon Like Other Ancient Metal Documents?   “ Are There Other Ancient Records Like the Book of Mormon?   “ What Can We All Learn about Repentance from the Tragic Loss of the 116 Book of Mormon Pages? “ Why Did Joseph Smith Attempt to Secure the Book of Mormon Copyright in Canada?   “ What Do the Kinderhook Plates Reveal About Joseph Smith’s Gift of Translation? “ What Can We All Learn about Repentance from the Tragic Loss of the 116 Book of Mormon Pages?   Articles “ The Gift and Power of God ,”  “ The Contributions of Martin Harris ,” “ All Is Lost ,”  “ Book of Mormon Translation ,” “ Lost Manuscript of the Book of Mormon ,” “ Joseph Smith and Hearty Repentance ,” “ The Lost 116 Pages Story: What We Do Know ,” Verses 6–15:   The Role of Witnesses Theme:  Testimony establishes truth ( 2 Corinthians 13:1 ; John 8:17 ). Key Phrase: "hereafter ye shall be ordained to go forth and deliver my words," "for a wise purpose in me," "Three servants...shall know of a surety that these things are true." Concept:  After Joseph finishes the record, he and others will be ordained to minister the words of God. The pattern of three witnesses reflects ancient Israelite law requiring multiple witnesses for a matter to be established ( Deuteronomy 19:15 ). Restoration Connection:  Aligns with the Lord’s pattern of using witnesses to affirm divine truth. Videos:  “ Did the Book of Mormon Witnesses Really See What They Claimed? “ Are the Accounts of the Golden Plates Believable?   “ What Unique Doctrines Did the Lord Reveal through the Book of Mormon?   Articles:  “ Witnesses of the Book of Mormon ,” “ Fellow Servants ,” “ Why Were Three Key Witnesses Chosen to Testify of the Book of Mormon? “ This Generation Shall Have My Word through You .” “ Carefully Schooled in the First Principles and Ordinances. ” “ School of the Prophet: How the Lord Taught Joseph the Gospel .” Verses 16–20:   Call to Repentance Theme:  God’s mercy for the penitent. He wants to protect and help his people heal, prepare, and grow ( Isaiah 1:18 ; 2 Chronicles 7:14 ). Key Phrase:  " manifestations of my Spirit," born of me, even of water and of the Spirit," "If this generation harden not their hearts... I tell you these things even as I also told the people of the destruction of Jerusalem; and my word shall be verified." Concept:  The word for manifestation in Greek is ἀποκάλυψις  apocalipsis .  The root, kalypto, is cognate with  כסה  in Hebrew, which means to hide, cover,  and  protect. The prefix apo- means "from," and it can represent the opposite, meaning to "unveil, reveal, uncover, disclose, and forgive." Here, Christ is proclaiming the beginning of the apocalypse, but unlike the media portrays it, Christ is describing a period of Revelation, where lost knowledge would be uncovered. Christ is preparing his people for these events, something that the righteous should not fear, because these are the events that will lead to His return. Christ reintroduces the ordinance of Baptism and Confirmation ( Mat 3:16 , Mar 1:10 , Jhn 1:33 , Jhn 3:5 , 1Jo 5:6 , 1Jo 5:8 , Rev 22:17 ) Parallels John the Baptist’s call to “prepare the way of the Lord” ( Matthew 3:3 ). Videos:  “ What Does it Really Mean to be Blessed For Keeping the Commandments? “ How Do Commandments Bring Us Peace and Happiness? “ Seek Him with All Your Heart .” Verses 21–22:   Joseph’s Role as a Prophet Theme:  God calls prophets to guide His people ( Amos 3:7 ; Hebrews 5:4 ). Prophets are called as special witnesses ( martyrs ); an inherent part of their calling includes their willingness to lay down their lives for Christ, to take up His cross, to live and/or die for Him. Once they accept that mantle, their lives no longer belong to them. Concept:  Joseph is called a seer, a translator, a prophet. "Mirrors Moses’ role as a deliverer and lawgiver (Exodus 3:10). Videos:  “Why Do We Serve?” “ That Ye May Believe ” part 1 “ That Ye May Believe ” Part 2 ‘ A Standard Unto My People .’ Verses 23-29 God Prepares other Witnesses to behold the Plates Theme:  Martin Harris instructed to humbly prepare himself through prayer and sincerity of heart through covenant.  Key Phrase:  "If he will bow down before me, and humble himself…then I will grant unto him a view of the things which he desires to see." Concept:  God will often meet us where we are if we are willing to do as he asks so long as it aligns with his will. This scenario can also highlight Christ’s blessings to those who believe without seeing ( John 20:29 ). Restoration Connection:  Highlights faith, humility, and keeping covenants as fundamental building blocks for developing a sincere and enduring relationship with Christ. Verses 30–35:   God’s Rebuke, Warning & Promises to Joseph Theme:  Joseph is instructed to cease translation for a period, being warned that a trap is being set before him. God will fulfill His promises ( Joshua 23:14 ). Key Phrase: "except thou do this, thou shalt have no more gift, and I will take away the things which I have entrusted with thee," "Stop and stand still until I command thee," "I will provide means whereby thou mayst accomplish the things which I have commanded thee. "If thou art faithful...thou shalt be lifted up at the last day." Concept:  Finding peace in adversity: "Be still and know that I am God. " Psa 46:10 רָפָה râphâh , Mar 4:39 πεφίμωσο pephimōso . If we put our trust in the Lord, He will deliver us. Videos:  ‘As Many as I Love, I Rebuke and Chasten. “Which Way Do You Face?” Articles: “ Timing. ” Martin Harris The Work of God Missiionaries to Match Our Message - Elder Ballard Additional Resources: The Scripture Citation Index Doctrine & Covenants Stories Scripture Stories Coloring Book - D&C Liahona , For the Strength of Youth , Friend Saints The Gospel Learning and Teaching email subscription Revelations in Context: The Stories Behind the Sections of the Doctrine and Covenants Doctrine and Covenants Historical Resources Joseph Smith Papers   Joseph Smith’s Revelations: A Doctrine and Covenants Study Companion from the Joseph Smith Papers Joseph Smith Papers Podcasts Mission of the Prophet Joseph Smith Accounts of the First Vision Prophets of the Restoration Gospel Topics Essays Gospel Topics and Questions Church History Topics Answers to Church History Questions Global Histories Saints, Volume 1 Saints, Volume 2 Revelations in Context Joseph Smith’s Revelations Joseph Smith Papers Podcasts Church History Topics Maps: Church History Maps Northeastern United States Palmyra-Manchester, New York, 1820–31 The New York, Pennsylvania, and Ohio Area of the USA Joseph Smith Papers Joseph Smith's Residences The Scriptures, Mapped Historical Timeline Between Crucifixion and Restoration, a continuation from last week's lesson. compiled from various sources incluuding Oxford's Timeline Reference and the Church's Chronological References 1800–1820: Prelude to the Restoration 1801:   Cane Ridge Revival . A massive camp meeting in Kentucky highlights the fervor of the Second Great Awakening. 1803:   Louisiana Purchase  and Westward Expansion. 1803–1815:   Napoleonic Wars : Napoleon’s campaigns spread revolutionary ideals across Europe but provoked resistance, particularly from England. Napoleon defeated much of Europe, including all or parts of France, Belgium, Netherlands, Switzerland, Northern Italy, Germany, Austria, Poland, Prussia, Spain, and Russia. Major defeats, such as the Battle of Leipzig (1813)  and Waterloo (1815) , ended his dominance and reshaped Europe politically, leading to the redrawing of borders at the Congress of Vienna in 1815. 1804:   Napoleon Becomes Emperor : Crowns himself Emperor of the French , centralizing power and initiating reforms. 1804 : Alexander Hamilton was fatally wounded in a duel with a political adversary Aaron Burr. 1805:   Joseph Smith Jr. was born . Born on December 23 in Sharon, Vermont , into a deeply religious environment. 1806: Francis II formally brings to an end the 1000-year-old Holy Roman Empire to keep it from the clutches of Napoleon 1807: Legislation abolishing the slave trade is passed in both Britain and America 1808: Beethoven's Sixth Symphony debuts in Vienna. 1809 : Napoleon is excommunicated by the Pope, Pius VII. Pius is arrested and kept in captivity. 1810: King George III , suffering from porphyria, is deemed unfit to govern; his oldest son becomes Prince Regent. English author Jane Austen publishes her first work in print, Sense and Sensibility , at her own expense . War of 1812 : Conflict between the United States  and Great Britain  driven by unresolved tensions from the American Revolution, maritime disputes, and territorial ambitions. It is sometimes called the "Second War of Independence" because it solidified America's sovereignty and economic independence. Following this war, the period was marked by a sense of national unity and political harmony. However, tensions over slavery and economic policies were beginning to emerge. 1812: French scientist Georges Cuvier introduces scientific paleontology with his Research on the Fossil Bones of Quadrupeds ~1812: Joseph Smith contracted typhoid fever. Complications required surgery to remove infected pieces of bone from his leg . 1814: US lawyer Francis Scott Key writes The Star-Spangled Banner after seeing the British bombard Fort McHenry 1815: Following Napoleon's defeat , the crowned heads of Europe and their representatives gather in Vienna to tidy up the post-Napoleonic continent. Pius VII restores the Jesuit Order on his return to Rome, and the rulers of Russia, Prussia and Austria form a Holy Alliance to preserve their concept of a Christian Europe. 1816: René Laënnec, develops the stethoscope. 1816: Rossini's opera The Barber of Seville has its premiere in Rome. 1816:   The Year Without a Summer . Caused by a volcanic eruption, crop failures led the Smith family to relocate to Palmyra , New York. 1817: JAMES MONROE was elected President, following THOMAS JEFFERSON | 1801-1809 & JAMES MADISON | 1809-1817. 1817: An informal financial market on Wall Street is transformed into the New York Stock and Exchange Board. 1817:   On the death of Princess Charlotte, not one of the seven princes had an heir to succeed to the British throne in the next generation . 1818: The first Reform congregation within Judaism is established in Germany, in the Hamburg Temple. This was the first time an organ was present in a Jewish synogogue. Before this, musical instruments were forbidden in the sanctuaries. Traditionally, as a sign of mourning, the Jews pledged to wait until the return of the Temple to reintroduce musical instruments into the synagogue. ( Synagogue & Religious Music ) 1818: Mary Shelley publishes Frankenstein, or the Modern Prometheus , a Gothic tale about giving life to an artificial man. 1819:  Revival in the " Burned-over District ." Western New York becomes a center of intense religious revivalism, influencing young Joseph Smith. The Burned Over District is described in detail in  Lynne Hilton Wilson's  vlog, which has several excellent references. 1820: The British King George III dies after 59 years on the throne – a longer reign than any of his predecessors. The Prince Regent succeeds to the British throne as George IV The Restoration and Beyond Spring 1820:   Joseph Smith’s First Vision . Joseph seeks guidance in prayer and reports a vision of God the Father and Jesus Christ, marking the beginning of the Restoration. 1820: The Missouri Compromise, admitting Maine and Missouri to the union, keeps the balance between 'free' and 'slave' states in the US Senate. March 25, 1821: An uprising in Greece against Ottoman Turkish rule begins a Greek Revolution , ultimately resulting in Greece's Independence. This date coincides with the Greek religious observance of Annunciation, which memorializes the day the angel Gabriel told Mary she would give birth to Jesus. Greeks recognize this event as a type of religious restoration, where they could once again, for the first time since the fall of Constantinople, openly practice their Christian faith, free from the dominance of the Ottoman and Islamic Empire. 21-22 September 1823 The angel Moroni first appeared to Joseph Smith . He told Joseph of an ancient record hidden in a nearby hill containing the fullness of the gospel. Joseph was commanded to return annually to the hill until he could be entrusted with the record. Portions of D&C 2 : recorded. 1821: English Poet John Keats passes away. 1821: The spoken language of the Cherokee Indians is captured in written form with the Cherokee Syllabary – an achievement traditionally attributed to Sequoyah. 1822: Egyptian hieroglyphs are deciphered by French Egyptologist Jean François Champollion using the Rosetta stone 1822: Austrian composer Franz Schubert begins, but never completes, the great work now known as his 'Unfinished' symphony (no 8. in B minor) 19 Nov. 1823: Joseph Smith’s older brother Alvin died . 1823: Lord Byron arrives in Greece to support the cause of Greek independence 1823: 12-year-old Hungarian pianist Franz Liszt wins a reputation as a virtuoso performer 1823: With the help of an army from France, the Spanish king Ferdinand VII is freed from confinement and restored to his throne. Dec 2, 1823: US President James Monroe warns European nations against interfering in America, in the policy which becomes known as the Monroe Doctrine . 1824: The Republican party in the USA splits into National Republicans and Democratic Republicans. John Quincy Adams was elected President of the US. 18 Jan. 1827: Joseph Smith married Emma Hale at South Bainbridge, New York. They later moved to Manchester Township, New York. Joseph Receives the Golden Plates 22 Sept.1827: Joseph Smith received the golden plates . Same day as Jews celebrated Yom Teruach, or the Feast of Trumpets . Dec. 1827: Joseph and Emma Smith moved 130 miles from Manchester Township, New York, to Harmony Township, Pennsylvania . Feb. 1828: Martin Harris took a transcript of characters copied from the plates to show scholars in New York City and Albany, New York. Apr.–June 1828: Joseph Smith, with Martin Harris as scribe, translated the part of the record known as the Book of Lehi. ca. 14 June 1828: Martin Harris persuaded Joseph Smith to let him take manuscript pages of the Book of Mormon translation to Palmyra, New York, to show family members. Joseph Smith learned that Martin had lost the pages in early July,1828. July 1828: D&C 3 recorded : Revelation given to Joseph Smith the Prophet at Harmony, Pennsylvania, relating to the loss of 116 pages of manuscript translated from the first part of the Book of Mormon. The plates were temporarily taken from Joseph Smith at this time. 22 Sept. 1828: The plates and the power to translate were restored to Joseph Smith . 1828: Connecticut lexicographer Noah Webster publishes the definitive 2-volume scholarly edition of his American Dictionary of the English Language 1828: Adult white males now have the right to vote in almost all the states of the USA 1828: General Andrew Jackson , elected president of the USA, introduces the era known as Jacksonian democracy Joseph Smith expressed mixed views on Andrew Jackson, reflecting both admiration and critique of his policies and administration. Below is a summary of Joseph Smith's perspective on Jackson's leadership, policies, and legacy: Admiration for Jackson’s Administration National Prosperity : Joseph Smith praised Andrew Jackson’s presidency as a high point in American glory, liberty, and prosperity. He highlighted Jackson's achievement of paying off the national debt and his efforts to distribute surplus revenue among the states. Patriotism : Jackson’s belief in a patriotic militia and a government governed by the will of the people resonated with Joseph Smith's views on civic duty and governance. Criticism of Jackson’s Indian Removal Policies Indian Relocation : Joseph Smith took note of Jackson's Indian policies, particularly the forced removal of Native Americans to lands west of the Mississippi, known as the Indian Removal Act (1830) . Jackson defended this policy as a necessary measure for the survival and improvement of Native American tribes. Religious Hope for the Indians : While Joseph Smith acknowledged the government’s efforts to establish reservations and provide resources, he viewed the Native Americans’ plight as an opportunity for their eventual gathering and spiritual restoration through the gospel, as foretold in the Book of Mormon . Humanitarian Concerns : Smith’s writings suggest a hope that Native Americans would one day be gathered in peace and unity, implying a critique of the harsh realities of Jackson’s policies, including the suffering caused by the Trail of Tears. 1829: The Underground Network begins to coalesce, as a network of undercover abolitionists in the southern states of America help slaves escape to freedom in the north 1829: The state government of Georgia declares that it is illegal for the Cherokees to hold political assemblies Feb. 1829: D&C 4 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to his father, Joseph Smith Sr., at Harmony, Pennsylvania. Mar. 1829 : D&C 5 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Harmony, Pennsylvania, at the request of Martin Harris. 7 Apr. 1829 : Joseph Smith resumed translating the Book of Mormon in earnest with the book of Mosiah. Oliver Cowdery, who arrived at Joseph Smith’s home in Harmony, Pennsylvania, on 5 April, served as scribe. Apr. 1829: D&C 6 : Revelation given to Joseph Smith the Prophet and Oliver Cowdery, at Harmony, Pennsylvania. D&C 7 : Revelation given to Joseph Smith the Prophet and Oliver Cowdery, at Harmony, Pennsylvania. D&C 8 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to Oliver Cowdery, at Harmony, Pennsylvania. D&C 9 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to Oliver Cowdery, at Harmony, Pennsylvania. ca. Apr. 1829: D&C 10 : Revelation given to Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Harmony, Pennsylvania, likely around April 1829, though portions may have been received as early as the summer of 1828. 15 May 1829: John the Baptist restored the Aaronic Priesthood , conferring it upon Joseph Smith and Oliver Cowdery. D&C 13 : An extract from Joseph Smith’s history recounting the ordination of the Prophet and Oliver Cowdery to the Aaronic Priesthood near Harmony, Pennsylvania. After receiving the priesthood, and following John the Baptist’s instructions, Joseph and Oliver baptized each other. May 1829: D&C 11 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to his brother Hyrum Smith at Harmony, Pennsylvania. May 1829:   D&C 12 :  Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to Joseph Knight Sr., at Harmony, Pennsylvania. ca. 1 June 1829: David Whitmer met Joseph Smith and helped him move, along with Oliver Cowdery, to the Whitmer farm in Fayette Township, New York. Emma Smith followed sometime later. June 1829 : D&C 14 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to David Whitmer, at Fayette, New York. June 1829 : D&C 15 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to John Whitmer, at Fayette, New York. June 1829 : D&C 16 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to Peter Whitmer Jr., at Fayette, New York. June 1829 : D&C 18 : Revelation to Joseph Smith the Prophet, Oliver Cowdery, and David Whitmer, given at Fayette, New York. June 1829 : D&C 17 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to Oliver Cowdery, David Whitmer, and Martin Harris, at Fayette, New York, before they were shown the engraved plates that contained the Book of Mormon record. Late June of1829: An angel of God showed the plates to the Three Witnesses . Joseph Smith showed the plates to the Eight Witnesses. ca. Summer 1829: D&C 19 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith, at Manchester, New York, likely in the summer of 1829. ca. 1 July 1829: The translation of the Book of Mormon was completed , Fayette Township, New York. July Insurrection in France: Louis-Philippe, the Citizen King, replaces Charles X. 25 Aug. 1829: Martin Harris pledged his farm to assure payment to E. B. Grandin for printing 5,000 copies of Book of Mormon in Palmyra, New York. Early 1830: D&C 74 : Revelation given to Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Wayne County, New York. Publication of the Book of Mormon & Formal Organization of the Church 26 Mar. 1830: The first copies of the Book of Mormon became available for purchase, Palmyra, New York. 6 Apr. 1830: T he Church of Christ was formally organized in the home of Peter Sr. and Mary Whitmer in Fayette, New York. D&C 20 : Revelation on Church organization and government, given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, at or near Fayette, New York. Portions of this revelation may have been given as early as summer 1829. D&C 21 : Revelation given to Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Fayette, New York. This revelation was given at the organization of the Church in the home of Peter Sr. and Mary Whitmer. 16 Apr. 1830 : D&C 22 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Manchester, New York. Apr. 1830 : D&C 23 : A series of five revelations given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Manchester, New York, to Oliver Cowdery, Hyrum Smith, Samuel H. Smith, Joseph Smith Sr., and Joseph Knight Sr. June 1830: A branch of the Church was established in Colesville, New York. 9 June 1830: The first conference of the Church, held at Fayette, New York. Conference participants unanimously sustained the “Articles and Covenants” of the Church ( D&C 20 ). 30 June 1830:  Samuel Smith departed as one of the first missionaries of the Church of Christ, traveling to such communities as Mendon and Lovinia, New York. June–July 1830: Joseph Smith dictated the “ Visions of Moses ,” later canonized in the Pearl of Great Price and part of a larger effort to make an inspired revision of the Bible. July 1830: D&C 24 : Revelation given to Joseph Smith the Prophet and Oliver Cowdery, at Harmony, Pennsylvania. July 1830 : D&C 25 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Harmony, Pennsylvania. This revelation manifests the will of the Lord to Emma Smith, the Prophet’s wife. July 1830: D&C 26 : Revelation given to Joseph Smith the Prophet, Oliver Cowdery, and John Whitmer, at Harmony, Pennsylvania. Aug. 1830: D&C 27 : Revelation given to Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Harmony, Pennsylvania. Sept. 1830: D&C 28 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to Oliver Cowdery, at Fayette, New York. D&C 29 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, in the presence of six elders, at Fayette, New York, some days prior to the conference held there. 26 Sept. 1830: The second conference of the Church was held at Fayette, New York. Joseph Smith was appointed to receive and write revelations for the Church. Sept. 1830: D&C 30 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to David Whitmer, Peter Whitmer Jr., and John Whitmer, at Fayette, New York, following the three-day conference held there. Sept. 1830: D&C 31 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to Thomas B. Marsh at Fayette, New York, immediately following the September 1830 conference. 1831 Kirtland, Ohio, becames a gathering place for the Saints. Early Oct. 1830: D&C 32 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to Parley P. Pratt and Ziba Peterson, in Manchester, New York. Oct. 1830 : D&C 33 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to Ezra Thayer and Northrop Sweet, at Fayette, New York. 29 Oct. 1830: Oliver Cowdery, Ziba Peterson, Parley P. Pratt, and Peter Whitmer Jr. arrived in Geauga County, Ohio, en route to their mission to the unorganized territory west of Missouri. They remained in Ohio for several weeks, where they preached and baptized more than 100 individuals, including Sidney Rigdon and Frederick G. Williams. 4 Nov. 1830: D&C 34 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to Orson Pratt, at Fayette, New York. 7 Dec. 1830: D&C 35 : Revelation given to Joseph Smith the Prophet and Sidney Rigdon, at or near Fayette, New York. 9 Dec. 1830: D&C 36 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to Edward Partridge, near Fayette, New York. Dec. 1830: D&C 37 : Revelation given to Joseph Smith the Prophet and Sidney Rigdon, near Fayette, New York, commanding the Saints to gather in Ohio. 1831 2 Jan. 1831: The third conference of the Church was held at Fayette, New York. D&C 38 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Fayette, New York. The occasion was a conference of the Church. 5 Jan. 1831 : D&C 39 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to James Covel, at Fayette, New York. 6 Jan. 1831 : D&C 40 : Revelation given to Joseph Smith the Prophet and Sidney Rigdon, at Fayette, New York. 4 Feb. 1831 : Joseph and Emma Smith moved to Kirtland, Ohio. 4 Feb. 1831: D&C 41 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to the Church, at Kirtland, Ohio, directing arrangements there and calling Edward Partridge to be the Church’s first bishop. 9 Feb. 1831 ; 23 Feb. 1831: D&C 42 : Revelation given in two parts through Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Kirtland, Ohio. Feb. 1831: D&C 43 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Kirtland, Ohio. Late Feb. 1831 : D&C 44 : Revelation given to Joseph Smith the Prophet and Sidney Rigdon, at Kirtland, Ohio. Mar. 1831 : Parley P. Pratt returned to Kirtland, Ohio, from his mission to the unorganized territory. 7 Mar. 1831 : D&C 45 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to the Church, at Kirtland, Ohio. 8 Mar. 1831 : D&C 46 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to the Church, at Kirtland, Ohio. 8 Mar. 1831 : D&C 47 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Kirtland, Ohio. 10 Mar. 1831 : D&C 48 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Kirtland, Ohio. March 16, 1831: Victor Hugo publishes his novel The Hunchback of Notre Dame 9 Apr. 1831 : John Whitmer was appointed to keep the Church record and history at a special meeting of the elders of the Church, held at Kirtland, Ohio. May 1831 : Saints from the Colesville, New York, branch arrived in Thompson, Ohio. 9 May 1831 : D&C 50 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Kirtland, Ohio. 20 May 1831 : D&C 51 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Thompson, Ohio. 3–6 June 1831 : A conference of the Church was held at Kirtland, Ohio, in which the first ordinations to the office of high priest were made. 6 June 1831: D&C 52 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to the elders of the Church, at Kirtland, Ohio. 8 June 1831: D&C 53 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to Algernon Sidney Gilbert, at Kirtland, Ohio. 10 June 1831: D&C 54 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to Newel Knight, at Kirtland, Ohio, directing members in Thompson, Ohio, to leave Leman Copley’s farm and journey to Missouri. 14 June 1831 : D&C 55 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to William W. Phelps, at Kirtland, Ohio. 15 June 1831 : D&C 56 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Kirtland, Ohio. 19 June 1831 : Joseph Smith and others traveled to Independence, Missouri, to designate the location of Zion. They arrived on 14 July 1831 . 20 July 1831 : D&C 57 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, in Zion, Jackson County, Missouri. 1 Aug. 1831: D& C 58 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, in Zion, Jackson County, Missouri. 3 Aug. 1831 : Joseph Smith, Sidney Rigdon, and others dedicated the city of Zion and the temple site at Independence, Jackson County, Missouri. 4 Aug. 1831 : Joseph Smith presided at the first conference of the Church in Missouri, held at Kaw Township, Jackson County. 7 Aug. 1831 : D&C 59 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, in Zion, Jackson County, Missouri. 8 Aug. 1831 : D&C 60 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, in Independence, Jackson County, Missouri. 9 Aug. 1831 : Joseph Smith departed Independence, Missouri. He arrived in Kirtland, Ohio, on 27 Aug. 1831. 12 Aug. 1831 : D&C 61 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, on the bank of the Missouri River at McIlwaine’s Bend. 13 Aug. 1831 : D&C 62 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, on the bank of the Missouri River at Chariton, Missouri. 30 Aug. 1831 : D&C 63 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Kirtland, Ohio. 11 Sept. 1831 : D&C 64 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to the elders of the Church, at Kirtland, Ohio. 12 Sept. 1831 : Joseph and Emma Smith moved to John and Alice (Elsa) Johnson’s farm in Hiram Township, Ohio. 13 Oct. 1831 : The Ohio Star published the first of nine letters critical of the Church and the Prophet by former Latter-day Saint Ezra Booth in Ravenna, Ohio. 25–26 Oct. 1831 : Joseph Smith presided over a conference in Orange Township, Cuyahoga County, Ohio, at which fifteen elders were ordained high priests. 2 9 Oct. 1831 : D&C 66 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Hiram, Ohio. 30 Oct. 1831 : D&C 65 : Revelation on prayer given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Hiram, Ohio. 1 Nov. 1831: A conference held at Hiram, Ohio, approved the publication of Joseph Smith’s revelations as the Book of Commandments. D&C 1 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet during the conference of elders as the Lord’s preface to the revelations. Early Nov. 1831 : D&C 67 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Hiram, Ohio. The occasion was that of a special conference regarding the publication of the revelations.

CFM : January 20–26 D&C 2 ; Joseph Smith—History 1:27–65  Videos, Podcasts, & Weekly Lesson Material Media ​Lesson Extension BYU RSC Library JSH 1:1-26 Hefted and Handled: Tangible Interactions with Book of Mormon Objects The Probation of a Teenage Seer: Joseph Smith’s Early Experiences with Moroni Redemption for the Dead (D&C 2) Come Follow Church History with Lynne Hilton Wilson D&C 2; JSH 1:27-65 Come Follow Me Kid D&C 2; JSH 1:27-65 Come Follow Me Scott Woodward & Casey Griffiths D&C 2; JSH 1:27-65 How Joseph Smith Discovered & Translated the Book of Mormon Understanding Joseph Smith's Family Mapping the D&C Come Follow Up D&C 2; JSH 1:27-65 Don't Miss This D&C 2; JSH 1:27-65 Follow Him D&C 2; JSH 1:27-65 Part 1 • Dr. Scott Woodward Part 2 • Dr. Scott Woodward Transcripts Gospel For Kids The Angel Moroni Visits Joseph Smith: Learning about a sacred book    Joseph and Emma: Working together to bring the world the Book of Mormon Grounded with Barbara Morgan D&C 2; JSH 1:27-65 Hurricane Adult Religion Class D&C 2; JSH 1:27-65 Lesson 2: Joseph Smith’s Early History Website Seminary Decks This is a new addition and is especially helpful for teenagers and seminary students. Be sure to check it out! This is from last week, and I will update it as soon as the new lessons are up. Joseph Smith History 1:27-50 by Joycelyn McIlquham Latter Day Kids D&C 2; JSH 1:27-65 My Servant Joseph Line Upon Line D&C 2; JSH 1:27-65 Moroni Returns Meridian Magazine Podcast D&C 2; JSH 1:27-65 Our Mother's Knew It D&C 2; JSH 1:27-65 Not yet posted Saving Talents D&C 2; JSH 1:27-65 Scripture Study Central D&C 2; JSH 1:27-65 Website Come Follow Me Insights (Doctrine and Covenants 2; Joseph Smith—History 1:27–65, Jan 11-17) Hard Questions in Church History with Lynne Hilton Wilson: Week 1 (Dec 28-Jan 3) Hard Questions in Church History with Lynne Hilton Wilson: Week 3A (JSH 1:27–55, Jan 11-17) Hard Questions in Church History with Lynne Hilton Wilson: Week 3B (JSH 1:56-65, Jan 11-17) Come Follow Me: Act in Doctrine (Doctrine and Covenants 2; JSH 1:27–65, Jan 11–17) Come Follow Me with Taylor Halverson (Doctrine and Covenants 2; JSH 1:27–65, Jan 11–17)   Doctrine and Covenants 2, with Scott Woodward Come Follow Me with Casey Paul Griffiths (Doctrine and Covenants 2; JSH 1:27–65, Jan 11–17) Come Follow Me with John Hilton III (Doctrine and Covenants 2; JSH 1:27–65, Jan 11–17) What Do We Know About the “Anthon Transcript”? Why Did Martin Harris Consult with Scholars like Charles Anthon? How Did Martin Harris Help Bring Forth the Book of Mormon? Why Did Moroni Quote Malachi about Elijah’s Coming? D&C Contexts: D&C 2 D&C minute: Joseph Smith—History 1:27–65 Restoration Voices Volume 2: Smith Family Log Home Scripture Explorers D&C 2; JSH 1:27-65 Moroni Visits Joseph Smith Scripture Gems D&C 2; JSH 1:27-65 Scripture Insights D&C 2; JSH 1:27-65 Talking Scripture D&C 2; JSH 1:27-65 Show Notes The Interpreter Foundation D&C 2; JSH 1:27-65 Study and Teaching Helps: 2025 Doctrine & Covenants , Jonn Claybaugh Interpreter Radio Show — December 29, 2024, including Doctrine & Covenants in Context Come, Follow Me  Study and Teaching Helps — Lesson 3: D&C 2; JS-History 1:27–65  (2021), Jonn Claybaugh Audio Roundtable: Come, Follow Me Doctrine and Covenants Lesson 3 (D&C 2; JS-History 1:27–65)  (2021) Scripture Roundtable: D&C Gospel Doctrine Lesson 30, “The Prisoners Shall Go Free ,” Administration, June 25, 2017 Scripture Roundtable: D&C Gospel Doctrine Lesson 39, “The Hearts of the Children Shall Turn to Their Fathers ,” Administration, September 7, 2013 Celestial Visits in the Scriptures, and a Plausible Mesoamerican Tradition , Diane E. Wirth, Jan 30, 2015 How Big A Book? Estimating the Total Surface Area of the Book of Mormon Plates , Bruce E. Dale, Jun 16, 2017 Many Witnesses to a Marvelous Work , Daniel C. Peterson, Jun 10, 2016 Restoring the Original Text of the Book of Mormon , Royal Skousen, Feb 20, 2015 The Expanse of Joseph Smith’s Translation Vision , Brant A. Gardner, Sep 18, 2020 The Geology of Moroni’s Stone Box: Examining the Setting and Resources of Palmyra , Benjamin R. Jordan and Warren P. Aston, Nov 23, 2018 Was Joseph Smith Smarter Than the Average Fourth-Year Hebrew Student? Finding a Restoration-Significant Hebraism in Book of Mormon Isaiah , Paul Y. Hoskisson, Oct 23, 2015 How Joseph Smith’s Grammar Differed from Book of Mormon Grammar: Evidence from the 1832 History , Stanford Carmack, June 9, 2017 The Red Crystal Printables for Kids D&C 2; JSH 1:27-65 The Scriptures are Real D&C 2; JSH 1:27-65 Unshaken D&C 2; JSH 1:27-65 Resources and Insights for this Week's Lesson   I've had a busy week, as one of my children was visiting from out of state, so I was not able to work on the timeline, but I will jump on that for next week. In this week’s lesson materials, various resources beautifully recount Moroni’s visitation to Joseph Smith, the process of receiving the plates, and the involvement of individuals such as Joseph’s family, including Alvin and Emma. Rather than reiterating these events, which others have already done, I’d like to focus on two lesser-explored but equally fascinating topics: the biblical significance of September 21–22, 1827, and the translation process, particularly in light of what was known about ancient linguistics at the time Charles Anthon was consulted. September 21-22,1827: The Feast of Trumpets Let’s begin by examining the significance of September 21–22, 1827. These dates align with the biblical feast day of Yom Teruach , or the “Day of Trumpets.” Most Latter-day Saints are familiar with the image of the Angel Moroni sounding a trumpet—featured atop many temples and previously on the cover of the Book of Mormon. However, few are aware of Yom Teruach and its profound connections to the events surrounding Joseph Smith and Moroni. ( The Golden Plates and the Feast of Trumpets , Lev 23:24 ) In ancient Israelite tradition, Yom Teruach marked the opening of the Jewish Fall Festivals or “High Holy Days,” which include Yom Teruach , Yom Kippur  (Day of Atonement), and Sukkot  (Feast of Tabernacles). Over time, Yom Teruach became more commonly known as Rosh Hashanah , the Jewish "New Year." In Leviticus 23:24, this holy day is described as a sacred day that is commemorated with a series of trumpet blasts. These trumpet sounds, often made with various instruments like the  Hatsorah , Hatsor , Yobel  (Jubilee), Shophar , Taqoa , and Qeren , served as alarms, calls for joy, and gathering signals for the Israelites to return to the Tabernacle or Temple. These perspectives can provide deeper insights into Moroni’s role as a divine messenger and how his appearance on Yom Teruah fulfilled ancient patterns and prophecies designed to prepare Israel for the unfolding events of the Second Coming. When we see the angel Moroni sounding his trumpet, it is a call for the gathering of Israel, a call to the Temple, and a call to return to the Lord. A simple perusal of the Hebrew words for trumpet, provided in the links above, can provide valuable insight into how God used trumpets and music in the camps of Ancient Israel to communicate with his people. In ancient Israel, Levite priests—who served as temple guards, generals, temple musicians, ministers, scribes, and teachers—used trumpets and music to communicate messages, whether that involved officiating in the ordinances of the Temple, teaching the Torah to the community, or sounding the trumpets to organize and direct the camps of Israel . Similarly, Mormon and Moroni, as Nephite prophets, were trained in similar traditions (we have explored some of these correlations in previous lessons ). The parallels between the Levite's and Moroni’s missions provide profound context, adding multiple layers of meaning to his visitation and the specific circumstances surrounding it. Feast Days and Christ’s Mission Scholars often connect the Israelite feast days to the life and mission of Jesus Christ, dividing them into two groups: Spring Festivals : Pesach (Passover), Matza (Feast of Unleavened Bread), Bikkurim (First Fruits), and Shavuot (Festival of Weeks), which correspond with the events of His mortal ministry. Fall Festivals : Yom Teruach, Yom Kippur, and Sukkot, which point to events surrounding His Second Coming. The Fall Festivals emphasize themes of repentance, gathering the harvest, and preparation for the Messiah’s return. In the Book of Revelation, John described the sound of a trumpet heralding the “great and terrible day” of the Lord. This imagery resonates with the events of September 21–22, 1827, when Moroni appeared to Joseph Smith on Yom Teruach, and ushered in a new dispensation. This marked a spiritual “new year,” a Rosh Hashanah for the modern era—a call for Israel to gather and prepare for the return of our Messiah. These perspectives can deepen our understanding of the Restoration, helping us to see the bigger picture of the Lord's plan and how all of these events work together. Linguistics and the Account of Charles Anthon Charles Anthon was a professor at Columbia College in New York, serving as an assistant professor in Greek and Latin. While he was considered an expert at that time, his knowledge was very limited. In 1828, the understanding of ancient linguistics was undergoing a significant transformation. The field of Egyptology was still in its infancy, and the decipherment of ancient languages, such as Egyptian hieroglyphs, was a topic of intense scholarly interest and debate. The Rosetta Stone and Early Decipherment The Rosetta Stone, discovered in 1799 by French soldiers in Egypt, was pivotal in advancing the study of ancient languages. This artifact bore inscriptions in three scripts: Greek, Demotic, and Egyptian hieroglyphs. Its significance lay in the Greek text, which provided a key to understanding the two other, previously unreadable scripts. By 1828, however, the decipherment was still a work in progress. Jean-François Champollion, a French scholar, had made groundbreaking strides in deciphering Egyptian hieroglyphs in the early 1820's. Building on earlier work by Thomas Young, Champollion identified that hieroglyphs represented a combination of phonetic sounds and ideograms. His 1822 Lettre à M. Dacier  outlined his findings, which formed the foundation of modern Egyptology. By 1828, Champollion's work was just beginning to gain recognition, but it was still a very new theory. During this time Champollion had just embarked on an expedition to Egypt to test his theories further. Limitations in 1828 Despite this growing interest, linguistic knowledge in 1828 was very limited, as is evident in Joseph Smith's account. In his history, Joseph states that Martin Harris said that Anthon claimed that the figures provided to him were written in Egyptian , Chaldaic , Assyriac , and Arabic . However, several forms of these scripts had not developed until much later in history, and they would not have been used together. For example, the earliest known use of the Arabic script dates to 512 AD, almost 1000 years after Lehi and his family left Jerusalem and over a hundred years after knowledge of the hieroglyphs became extinct. The fact that Anthon did not recognize this as a leading expert in his field demonstrates how young the study of linguistics was at that time. Additionally, many ancient languages, such as Sumerian , Akkadian , Ugaritic , Phoenician , and the Proto-Sinatic script had not yet been discovered, let alone deciphered. For example, the Proto-Sinaitic alphabet, closely related to the Phoenician alphabet and the phonetic ancestor to virtually every phonetic alphabet on the planet, was not rediscovered until 1900 AD, after being lost for close to 1400 years. This was the predecessor to the Proto-Hebraic script that Moses and King David would have been familiar with, and it was likely in a version of these scripts that the 10 commandments would have originally been written. Scholars describe this as a type of "Reformed Egyptian," and the experts at the time of Joseph Smith did not even know about it. (In fact, most people at the time of Christ did not even know about it, but evidence suggests that Jesus did, and this was a topic that caused quite a stir, John appears to refer to this in John 7:15 , but this is a topic for another day.) Around 600 AD, when Lehi and his family left Jerusalem, multiple scripts were being used throughout Mesopotamia, and they were frequently used interchangeably. It was very common for people to alternate between various writing systems, such as Old Hebrew , Demotic , Hieratic , and others. And this is exactly what Mormon and Moroni describe when they talk about some of the challenges they had with recording their histories. These were things scholars did not know at the time when Joseph Smith was translating the Book of Mormon, which is just remarkable. For fun, one can pretty easily identify several characters from these ancient writing systems on the document that many believe to be the sample Martin Harris gave to Charles Anthon. Just to be clear, I am by no means an expert in these scripts, and this is just a casual glance, but I have highlighted a few examples that stood out to me. The samples highlighted in red appear to resemble Proto-Sinaitic or versions of Proto-Hebraic letters, and the samples outlined in blue appear to resemble Demotic consonants. Moroni also tells us that the Nephites modified their script, so we should expect to see some variations. But even then, one can see many striking similarities, which is pretty cool considering the fact that these scripts had not yet even been discoverd. It's just mind blowing. So far, I have not been able to identified any specific words. However, that doesn't mean much. From my very uneducated perspective, this appears to be a random sampling, aligning with Joseph's description of experimenting with writing out various characters from the text to become acquainted and familiar with the plates. Following the Persian takeover by the Achaemenid dynasty around 500 BC, King Darius ordered the various Semitic scripts to be consolidated and codified. This was intended to help with international trade and communication. Under his authority, the Imperial Aramaic Alphabet became the official Semitic script, and its use was mandated throughout the Assyrian Empire. Some scholars suggest that Daniel likely played an important role in the development of this script, as is evidenced by Daniels's instruction to "shut up the words, and seal the book" in Daniel 12:4. The Imperial Aramaic form of the script is the script that most people are familiar with today, which they identify as Hebrew, but it is actually Aramaic. Cultural Significance The decipherment of the Rosetta Stone had a profound influence on the world, representing the types of broader intellectual curiosity indicative of the 19th century. These connections and insights provide valuable context to the circumstances surrounding the translation of the Book of Mormon. We can see God's hand in multiple arenas during this time, and the implications are truly astounding. This burgeoning interest in ancient linguistics was relivant to the environment in which Joseph Smith lived. It was an age of rediscovery and revelation, where the decipherment of ancient texts and the exploration of lost histories fascinated scholars and laypeople alike. This context highlights the curiosity and openness to new knowledge that characterized the people of the early 19th century, making it a fertile ground for new discoveries, interpretations, and the Restoration to flourish. JS- History 1:27-65 Chapter Outline Overview: Major Topics & Themes Resources & Commentary Joseph Smith’s Early Challenges, Preparation and Growth (Verses 27–30)   27–28 : Joseph’s teenage years are marked by struggles with temptation and a commitment to seek repentance and spiritual growth. 29–30 : His desire to align with God’s will leads to prayer; Joseph had full confidence that God would answer him as he had previously. About three years after the First Vision, on the night of September 21, 1823 , Joseph was visited by the angel Moroni. During the time between these two revelatory events, Joseph experienced intense ridicule and persecution for sharing his sacred experience with others, those who should have protected him.  Certainly, a young man of Joseph's age and nature would have felt a heavy sting, considering those who persecuted him the most were people he looked up to and respected, religious leaders and gospel teachers, people that he should have been able to trust.  Joseph must have felt betrayed, disappointed, disillusioned, and isolated, among other things.  However, despite these challenges, Joseph remained optimistic and faithful to God, putting his faith in what he knew to be true. Despite the pressures placed upon him, he continued to be unwavering in his testimony.  And while Joseph continued to trust the Lord, he did doubt himself. By 1823, at the age of 17, Joseph saw much room for improvement in his own life, acknowledging mistakes that he made in his youth.  Joseph prayed that night from a sincere desire to align his life with God’s will. He sought forgiveness for his sins and earnestly prayed for guidance. This set the stage for an extraordinary experience that would not only shape Joseph’s life but also prepare him to bring forth the Book of Mormon and restore God’s church on earth.   “ The Probation of a Teenage Seer: Joseph Smith’s Early Experiences with Moroni ,” “ How Does Grace Help Us Overcome Weakness?   “ Treasure Seeking ,” “ Did a “Magic World View” Influence the Coming Forth of the Book of Mormon? Visits of Moroni and Preparation for the Plates (Verses 30–43) 30–33 : Moroni appears to Joseph, and a physical description of Moroni is given. Moroni introduces himself as a messenger, calling Joseph by name he explains that God had a work for Joseph to perform, and that his name would be known for good and evil among all nations, kindreds, tongues, and people. 34–35 : Moroni describes the Golden Plates, an account of an ancient civilization, along with various items deposited in the Hill Cummorah. 37–39 : Quoting various scriptures from the Old Testament, Moroni explains the purpose of these scriptures coming forth is to fulfill ancient prophesies in preparation for the Second Coming of the Lord. 40–41 : Moroni then quoted several scriptures from the New Testament, explaining how the Old Testament prophesied of Jesus Christ. 42: Moroni gives Joseph very strict instructions to prepare to receive the plates and other vestments. He is shown where they are and he is instructed to not show them to anyone. 43-44: Moroni departs and then returns again a second time, delivering the same message while expanding on that message, explaining the judgments which were coming. 45-47: Moroni returns again a third time, again recounting the things he had stated previously, expanding upon the temptations and trials that would come upon Joseph. He stresses that Joseph's motives for obtaining the plates should be focused entirely on glorifying God adn bulding His kingdom, otherwise, Joseph would not be able to get the plates. Joseph's encounters with Moroni take up the entirety of the night. Scriptures Quoted By Moroni: In JS History Malachi 3:1 "Behold, I will send my messenger, and he shall prepare the way before me." Moroni emphasizes the fulfillment of this prophecy in the latter days. Malachi 4:5–6 "Behold, I will send you Elijah the prophet before the coming of the great and dreadful day of the Lord." Moroni slightly alters this passage, emphasizing that the earth would be "utterly wasted at his coming" if hearts are not turned. Isaiah 11 The prophecy of the rod out of the stem of Jesse and the gathering of Israel. Acts 3:22–23 Referring to Moses’ prophecy of a prophet the Lord would raise up, whom the people must hearken to. Joel 2:28–32 A prophecy of the outpouring of the Spirit in the last days: “Your sons and daughters shall prophesy, your old men shall dream dreams, your young men shall see visions.” Genesis 49:22–24 A prophecy from Jacob’s blessing to Joseph, concerning his fruitful branch and the "shepherd, the stone of Israel." Psalms 85:11 "Truth shall spring out of the earth; and righteousness shall look down from heaven." Interpreted as a prophecy of the coming forth of the Book of Mormon. Other Scriptures mentioned in Oliver Cowdery’s letters published in the Messenger and Advocate , he provides additional details about scriptures quoted by Moroni. These include: Isaiah 29 The prophecy of a sealed book delivered to one who is not learned, aligning with the translation of the Book of Mormon. Deuteronomy 32:43 A passage that speaks of God’s mercy and justice, often tied to the gathering of Israel. Isaiah 2:2–3 The prophecy of the mountain of the Lord’s house being established in the top of the mountains. Ezekiel 37:15–17 The prophecy of the two sticks (representing the Bible and the Book of Mormon) becoming one in the Lord’s hand. Revelation 14:6–7 The vision of the angel flying in the midst of heaven, having the everlasting gospel to preach to all nations. Matthew 24:14 The prophecy that the gospel will be preached in all the world before the end comes. 1 Corinthians 15:51–52 Paul’s declaration of the resurrection and the change that will occur at the last trumpet. Daniel 2:44–45 The prophecy of the kingdom of God being established and filling the whole earth .   An Angel and a Promise Katharine Smith Salisbury’s Recollections of Joseph’s Meetings with Moroni Angel Moroni Why Did Jesus Quote the Words of Malachi 3-4 in 3 Nephi 24-25 Why Did Jesus Give the Nephites Malachi's Prophecies? “ Hearts of the Children ,” “ Who is the Servant of Isaiah 49/1 Nephi 21? “ How Are Oliver Cowdery’s Messenger and Advocate Letters to Be Understood and Used? “ Why Does Nephi Use Isaiah 29 as Part of His Own Prophecy? Aftermath of Moroni's Encounter . (Verses 48-54) 48 : Joseph struggled to perform his labors the following morning, exhausted from the evening events. Joseph's father recognized something was wrong, but Joseph did not explain why. His father told Joseph to go home, and on the way, Joseph collapses. 49 : Joseph is awakened by Moroni, who again delivers the same message as he had the previous night and instructs Joseph to tell his father what had occurred. 50 : Joseph rehearses the account to his father, and his father responds that Joseph's experience is of God. Joseph Smith Sr. tells Joseph to follow the messenger's instructions, and Joeseph goes to the location that Moroni had shown him. 51-54 : Joseph describes the Hill Cumorah and his first encounter with the plates, describing the location and the appearance of the box, the plates, and the other included contents. He was forbidden to remove them and was instructed to return to this location every year for four years before he was finally allowed to remove them. Each year, he would meet with Moroni to be interviewed and receive instructions until he was deemed ready. “ Plates of Gold , ” Saints, Volume 1: The Standard of Truth .  “ Where is the Location of the Hill Cumorah? “ Plates of Gold ,” Saints, Volume 1 “ Hefted and Handled: Tangible Interactions with Book of Mormon Objects ” Gold Plates “ Were Joseph Smith’s Translation Instruments Like the Israelite Urim and Thummim? “ Why Did the Nephites Preserve Some Items as “National Treasures”? Is the Book of Mormon Like Other Ancient Metal Documents? “ Is There Evidence That Joseph Smith Possessed a Urim and Thummim and Breastplate?  “ Are There Other Ancient Records Like the Book of Mormon? Where Did the Book of Mormon Happen? “ Seer Stones ,” Why Was the Heavenly Book Sealed with Seven Seals?  “ Are the Accounts of the Golden Plates Believable? Preparation and Waiting (Verses 55-58) 55-56 : Joseph's family struggled to make ends meet, frequently having to take work away from home. During this time, Joseph's older brother, Alvin, died in 1823. Joseph ends up taking a job with Josiah Stoal (Stowell), mining for silver. The venture is unsuccessful, and Joseph earns a reputation for being a "money-digger." 57-58 : Joseph meets Emma while working for Mr. Stoal. She was the daughter of Isaac Hale, who boarded Joseph during his employment. Due to Joseph's insistence that he had seen a vision and the subsequent reputation that came from ongoing persecution, Emma's parents did not approve of their relationship. They left the Stoals, married, and returned to the Smith's farm. “ Be Watchful ,” Saints, Volume 1 Redemption for the Dead (D&C 2) “ Joseph and Emma Hale Smith Family ,” “ Joseph Smith’s 1826 Trial ,” “ Being Acquitted of a ‘Disorderly Person’ Charge in 1826 .” Receiving the Plates and Translation Process Begins (Verses 59-61) 59 : Joseph receives the gold plates on September 22, 1827 , after proving his faithfulness. 60-61 : Joseph faces immediate opposition as various people try to nefariously obtain the plates and spread falsehoods about Joseph's character. 61 : Martin Harris comes to the Smith's aid., offering him some needed funds. The Contributions of Martin Harris “ All Is Lost ,” Saints, Volume 1 “ Why Did Moroni Deliver the Plates on September 22? Joseph the Seer Book of Mormon Translation “ Why Did the Book of Mormon Come Forth as a Miracle? “ Why Is the Timing of the Book of Mormon’s Translation So “Marvelous”? “ Why Is the Book of Mormon’s Historical Authenticity So Important?   “ How Will God Manifest the Truth of the Book of Mormon? “ What Was Mormon’s Purpose in Writing the Book of Mormon? IV. Divine Assistance and Early Challenges (Verses 62–65) 62 : Joseph begins experimenting with translating the various characters on the plates using the Urim & Thummim, copying some of the inscriptions to separate documents, spanning the period between December 1827 and February 1828. 63-64 : In February of 1828, Martin Harris takes some of the copies of the inscriptions to Professor Charles Anthon, who originally states that the characters were authentic, specifying that they demonstrated elements from Egyptian, Chaldaic, Assyriac, and Arabic texts. 65 : Upon learning about the divine origins of the records and Joseph's angelic visitations, Professor Anthon retracts his certification, and tears it to pieces. “ Martin Harris’s Consultations with Scholars , ”  “ How Did Martin Harris Help Bring Forth the Book of Mormon? “ Why Were the Plates Present During the Translation of the Book of Mormon?  “ What Do the Kinderhook Plates Reveal About Joseph Smith’s Gift of Translation? “ What Do We Know About the “Anthon Transcript”? Why Did Martin Harris Consult with Scholars like Charles Anthon? Why Did Mormon and Moroni Write in Reformed Egyptian? “ What Can We All Learn about Repentance from the Tragic Loss of the 116 Book of Mormon Pages? The Angel Moroni Visits Joseph Smith Joseph and Emma Additional Resources: The Scripture Citation Index Doctrine & Covenants Stories Scripture Stories Coloring Book - D&C Liahona , For the Strength of Youth , Friend Saints The Gospel Learning and Teaching email subscription Revelations in Context: The Stories Behind the Sections of the Doctrine and Covenants Doctrine and Covenants Historical Resources Joseph Smith Papers   Joseph Smith’s Revelations: A Doctrine and Covenants Study Companion from the Joseph Smith Papers Joseph Smith Papers Podcasts Mission of the Prophet Joseph Smith Accounts of the First Vision Prophets of the Restoration Gospel Topics Essays Gospel Topics and Questions Church History Topics Answers to Church History Questions Global Histories Saints, Volume 1 Saints, Volume 2 Revelations in Context Joseph Smith’s Revelations Joseph Smith Papers Podcasts Church History Topics Maps: Church History Maps Northeastern United States Palmyra-Manchester, New York, 1820–31 The New York, Pennsylvania, and Ohio Area of the USA Joseph Smith Papers Joseph Smith's Residences The Scriptures, Mapped Historical Timeline Between Crucifixion and Restoration, a continuation from last week's lesson. compiled from various sources incluuding Oxford's Timeline Reference and the Church's Chronological References 1800–1820: Prelude to the Restoration 1801:   Cane Ridge Revival . A massive camp meeting in Kentucky highlights the fervor of the Second Great Awakening. 1803:   Louisiana Purchase  and Westward Expansion. 1803–1815:   Napoleonic Wars : Napoleon’s campaigns spread revolutionary ideals across Europe but provoked resistance, particularly from England. Napoleon defeated much of Europe, including all or parts of France, Belgium, Netherlands, Switzerland, Northern Italy, Germany, Austria, Poland, Prussia, Spain, and Russia. Major defeats, such as the Battle of Leipzig (1813)  and Waterloo (1815) , ended his dominance and reshaped Europe politically, leading to the redrawing of borders at the Congress of Vienna in 1815. 1804:   Napoleon Becomes Emperor : Crowns himself Emperor of the French , centralizing power and initiating reforms. 1804 : Alexander Hamilton was fatally wounded in a duel with a political adversary Aaron Burr. 1805:   Joseph Smith Jr. was born . Born on December 23 in Sharon, Vermont , into a deeply religious environment. 1806: Francis II formally brings to an end the 1000-year-old Holy Roman Empire to keep it from the clutches of Napoleon 1807: Legislation abolishing the slave trade is passed in both Britain and America 1808: Beethoven's Sixth Symphony debuts in Vienna. 1809 : Napoleon is excommunicated by the Pope, Pius VII. Pius is arrested and kept in captivity. 1810: King George III , suffering from porphyria, is deemed unfit to govern; his oldest son becomes Prince Regent. English author Jane Austen publishes her first work in print, Sense and Sensibility , at her own expense . War of 1812 : Conflict between the United States  and Great Britain  driven by unresolved tensions from the American Revolution, maritime disputes, and territorial ambitions. It is sometimes called the "Second War of Independence" because it solidified America's sovereignty and economic independence. Following this war, the period was marked by a sense of national unity and political harmony. However, tensions over slavery and economic policies were beginning to emerge. 1812: French scientist Georges Cuvier introduces scientific paleontology with his Research on the Fossil Bones of Quadrupeds ~1812: Joseph Smith contracted typhoid fever. Complications required surgery to remove infected pieces of bone from his leg . 1814: US lawyer Francis Scott Key writes The Star-Spangled Banner after seeing the British bombard Fort McHenry 1815: Following Napoleon's defeat , the crowned heads of Europe and their representatives gather in Vienna to tidy up the post-Napoleonic continent. Pius VII restores the Jesuit Order on his return to Rome, and the rulers of Russia, Prussia and Austria form a Holy Alliance to preserve their concept of a Christian Europe. 1816: René Laënnec, develops the stethoscope. 1816: Rossini's opera The Barber of Seville has its premiere in Rome. 1816:   The Year Without a Summer . Caused by a volcanic eruption, crop failures led the Smith family to relocate to Palmyra , New York. 1817: JAMES MONROE was elected President, following THOMAS JEFFERSON | 1801-1809 & JAMES MADISON | 1809-1817. 1817: An informal financial market on Wall Street is transformed into the New York Stock and Exchange Board. 1817:   On the death of Princess Charlotte, not one of the seven princes had an heir to succeed to the British throne in the next generation . 1818: The first Reform congregation within Judaism is established in Germany, in the Hamburg Temple. This was the first time an organ was present in a Jewish synogogue. Before this, musical instruments were forbidden in the sanctuaries. Traditionally, as a sign of mourning, the Jews pledged to wait until the return of the Temple to reintroduce musical instruments into the synagogue. ( Synagogue & Religious Music ) 1818: Mary Shelley publishes Frankenstein, or the Modern Prometheus , a Gothic tale about giving life to an artificial man. 1819:  Revival in the " Burned-over District ." Western New York becomes a center of intense religious revivalism, influencing young Joseph Smith. The Burned Over District is described in detail in  Lynne Hilton Wilson's  vlog, which has several excellent references. 1820: The British King George III dies after 59 years on the throne – a longer reign than any of his predecessors. The Prince Regent succeeds to the British throne as George IV The Restoration and Beyond Spring 1820:   Joseph Smith’s First Vision . Joseph seeks guidance in prayer and reports a vision of God the Father and Jesus Christ, marking the beginning of the Restoration. 1820: The Missouri Compromise, admitting Maine and Missouri to the union, keeps the balance between 'free' and 'slave' states in the US Senate. March 25, 1821: An uprising in Greece against Ottoman Turkish rule begins a Greek Revolution , ultimately resulting in Greece's Independence. This date coincides with the Greek religious observance of Annunciation, which memorializes the day the angel Gabriel told Mary she would give birth to Jesus. Greeks recognize this event as a type of religious restoration, where they could once again, for the first time since the fall of Constantinople, openly practice their Christian faith, free from the dominance of the Ottoman and Islamic Empire. 21-22 September 1823 The angel Moroni first appeared to Joseph Smith . He told Joseph of an ancient record hidden in a nearby hill containing the fullness of the gospel. Joseph was commanded to return annually to the hill until he could be entrusted with the record. Portions of D&C 2 : recorded. 1821: English Poet John Keats passes away. 1821: The spoken language of the Cherokee Indians is captured in written form with the Cherokee Syllabary – an achievement traditionally attributed to Sequoyah. 1822: Egyptian hieroglyphs are deciphered by French Egyptologist Jean François Champollion using the Rosetta stone 1822: Austrian composer Franz Schubert begins, but never completes, the great work now known as his 'Unfinished' symphony (no 8. in B minor) 19 Nov. 1823: Joseph Smith’s older brother Alvin died . 1823: Lord Byron arrives in Greece to support the cause of Greek independence 1823: 12-year-old Hungarian pianist Franz Liszt wins a reputation as a virtuoso performer 1823: With the help of an army from France, the Spanish king Ferdinand VII is freed from confinement and restored to his throne. Dec 2, 1823: US President James Monroe warns European nations against interfering in America, in the policy which becomes known as the Monroe Doctrine . 1824: The Republican party in the USA splits into National Republicans and Democratic Republicans. John Quincy Adams was elected President of the US. 18 Jan. 1827: Joseph Smith married Emma Hale at South Bainbridge, New York. They later moved to Manchester Township, New York. Joseph Receives the Golden Plates 22 Sept.1827: Joseph Smith received the golden plates . Same day as Jews celebrated Yom Teruach, or the Feast of Trumpets . Dec. 1827: Joseph and Emma Smith moved 130 miles from Manchester Township, New York, to Harmony Township, Pennsylvania . Feb. 1828: Martin Harris took a transcript of characters copied from the plates to show scholars in New York City and Albany, New York. Apr.–June 1828: Joseph Smith, with Martin Harris as scribe, translated the part of the record known as the Book of Lehi. ca. 14 June 1828: Martin Harris persuaded Joseph Smith to let him take manuscript pages of the Book of Mormon translation to Palmyra, New York, to show family members. Joseph Smith learned that Martin had lost the pages in early July,1828. July 1828: D&C 3 recorded : Revelation given to Joseph Smith the Prophet at Harmony, Pennsylvania, relating to the loss of 116 pages of manuscript translated from the first part of the Book of Mormon. The plates were temporarily taken from Joseph Smith at this time. 22 Sept. 1828: The plates and the power to translate were restored to Joseph Smith . 1828: Connecticut lexicographer Noah Webster publishes the definitive 2-volume scholarly edition of his American Dictionary of the English Language 1828: Adult white males now have the right to vote in almost all the states of the USA 1828: General Andrew Jackson , elected president of the USA, introduces the era known as Jacksonian democracy Joseph Smith expressed mixed views on Andrew Jackson, reflecting both admiration and critique of his policies and administration. Below is a summary of Joseph Smith's perspective on Jackson's leadership, policies, and legacy: Admiration for Jackson’s Administration National Prosperity : Joseph Smith praised Andrew Jackson’s presidency as a high point in American glory, liberty, and prosperity. He highlighted Jackson's achievement of paying off the national debt and his efforts to distribute surplus revenue among the states. Patriotism : Jackson’s belief in a patriotic militia and a government governed by the will of the people resonated with Joseph Smith's views on civic duty and governance. Criticism of Jackson’s Indian Removal Policies Indian Relocation : Joseph Smith took note of Jackson's Indian policies, particularly the forced removal of Native Americans to lands west of the Mississippi, known as the Indian Removal Act (1830) . Jackson defended this policy as a necessary measure for the survival and improvement of Native American tribes. Religious Hope for the Indians : While Joseph Smith acknowledged the government’s efforts to establish reservations and provide resources, he viewed the Native Americans’ plight as an opportunity for their eventual gathering and spiritual restoration through the gospel, as foretold in the Book of Mormon . Humanitarian Concerns : Smith’s writings suggest a hope that Native Americans would one day be gathered in peace and unity, implying a critique of the harsh realities of Jackson’s policies, including the suffering caused by the Trail of Tears. 1829: The Underground Network begins to coalesce, as a network of undercover abolitionists in the southern states of America help slaves escape to freedom in the north 1829: The state government of Georgia declares that it is illegal for the Cherokees to hold political assemblies Feb. 1829: D&C 4 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to his father, Joseph Smith Sr., at Harmony, Pennsylvania. Mar. 1829 : D&C 5 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Harmony, Pennsylvania, at the request of Martin Harris. 7 Apr. 1829 : Joseph Smith resumed translating the Book of Mormon in earnest with the book of Mosiah. Oliver Cowdery, who arrived at Joseph Smith’s home in Harmony, Pennsylvania, on 5 April, served as scribe. Apr. 1829: D&C 6 : Revelation given to Joseph Smith the Prophet and Oliver Cowdery, at Harmony, Pennsylvania. D&C 7 : Revelation given to Joseph Smith the Prophet and Oliver Cowdery, at Harmony, Pennsylvania. D&C 8 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to Oliver Cowdery, at Harmony, Pennsylvania. D&C 9 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to Oliver Cowdery, at Harmony, Pennsylvania. ca. Apr. 1829: D&C 10 : Revelation given to Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Harmony, Pennsylvania, likely around April 1829, though portions may have been received as early as the summer of 1828. 15 May 1829: John the Baptist restored the Aaronic Priesthood , conferring it upon Joseph Smith and Oliver Cowdery. D&C 13 : An extract from Joseph Smith’s history recounting the ordination of the Prophet and Oliver Cowdery to the Aaronic Priesthood near Harmony, Pennsylvania. After receiving the priesthood, and following John the Baptist’s instructions, Joseph and Oliver baptized each other. May 1829: D&C 11 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to his brother Hyrum Smith at Harmony, Pennsylvania. May 1829:   D&C 12 :  Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to Joseph Knight Sr., at Harmony, Pennsylvania. ca. 1 June 1829: David Whitmer met Joseph Smith and helped him move, along with Oliver Cowdery, to the Whitmer farm in Fayette Township, New York. Emma Smith followed sometime later. June 1829 : D&C 14 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to David Whitmer, at Fayette, New York. June 1829 : D&C 15 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to John Whitmer, at Fayette, New York. June 1829 : D&C 16 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to Peter Whitmer Jr., at Fayette, New York. June 1829 : D&C 18 : Revelation to Joseph Smith the Prophet, Oliver Cowdery, and David Whitmer, given at Fayette, New York. June 1829 : D&C 17 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to Oliver Cowdery, David Whitmer, and Martin Harris, at Fayette, New York, before they were shown the engraved plates that contained the Book of Mormon record. Late June of1829: An angel of God showed the plates to the Three Witnesses . Joseph Smith showed the plates to the Eight Witnesses. ca. Summer 1829: D&C 19 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith, at Manchester, New York, likely in the summer of 1829. ca. 1 July 1829: The translation of the Book of Mormon was completed , Fayette Township, New York. July Insurrection in France: Louis-Philippe, the Citizen King, replaces Charles X. 25 Aug. 1829: Martin Harris pledged his farm to assure payment to E. B. Grandin for printing 5,000 copies of Book of Mormon in Palmyra, New York. Early 1830: D&C 74 : Revelation given to Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Wayne County, New York. Publication of the Book of Mormon & Formal Organization of the Church 26 Mar. 1830: The first copies of the Book of Mormon became available for purchase, Palmyra, New York. 6 Apr. 1830: T he Church of Christ was formally organized in the home of Peter Sr. and Mary Whitmer in Fayette, New York. D&C 20 : Revelation on Church organization and government, given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, at or near Fayette, New York. Portions of this revelation may have been given as early as summer 1829. D&C 21 : Revelation given to Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Fayette, New York. This revelation was given at the organization of the Church in the home of Peter Sr. and Mary Whitmer. 16 Apr. 1830 : D&C 22 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Manchester, New York. Apr. 1830 : D&C 23 : A series of five revelations given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Manchester, New York, to Oliver Cowdery, Hyrum Smith, Samuel H. Smith, Joseph Smith Sr., and Joseph Knight Sr. June 1830: A branch of the Church was established in Colesville, New York. 9 June 1830: The first conference of the Church, held at Fayette, New York. Conference participants unanimously sustained the “Articles and Covenants” of the Church ( D&C 20 ). 30 June 1830:  Samuel Smith departed as one of the first missionaries of the Church of Christ, traveling to such communities as Mendon and Lovinia, New York. June–July 1830: Joseph Smith dictated the “ Visions of Moses ,” later canonized in the Pearl of Great Price and part of a larger effort to make an inspired revision of the Bible. July 1830: D&C 24 : Revelation given to Joseph Smith the Prophet and Oliver Cowdery, at Harmony, Pennsylvania. July 1830 : D&C 25 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Harmony, Pennsylvania. This revelation manifests the will of the Lord to Emma Smith, the Prophet’s wife. July 1830: D&C 26 : Revelation given to Joseph Smith the Prophet, Oliver Cowdery, and John Whitmer, at Harmony, Pennsylvania. Aug. 1830: D&C 27 : Revelation given to Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Harmony, Pennsylvania. Sept. 1830: D&C 28 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to Oliver Cowdery, at Fayette, New York. D&C 29 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, in the presence of six elders, at Fayette, New York, some days prior to the conference held there. 26 Sept. 1830: The second conference of the Church was held at Fayette, New York. Joseph Smith was appointed to receive and write revelations for the Church. Sept. 1830: D&C 30 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to David Whitmer, Peter Whitmer Jr., and John Whitmer, at Fayette, New York, following the three-day conference held there. Sept. 1830: D&C 31 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to Thomas B. Marsh at Fayette, New York, immediately following the September 1830 conference. 1831 Kirtland, Ohio, becames a gathering place for the Saints. Early Oct. 1830: D&C 32 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to Parley P. Pratt and Ziba Peterson, in Manchester, New York. Oct. 1830 : D&C 33 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to Ezra Thayer and Northrop Sweet, at Fayette, New York. 29 Oct. 1830: Oliver Cowdery, Ziba Peterson, Parley P. Pratt, and Peter Whitmer Jr. arrived in Geauga County, Ohio, en route to their mission to the unorganized territory west of Missouri. They remained in Ohio for several weeks, where they preached and baptized more than 100 individuals, including Sidney Rigdon and Frederick G. Williams. 4 Nov. 1830: D&C 34 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to Orson Pratt, at Fayette, New York. 7 Dec. 1830: D&C 35 : Revelation given to Joseph Smith the Prophet and Sidney Rigdon, at or near Fayette, New York. 9 Dec. 1830: D&C 36 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to Edward Partridge, near Fayette, New York. Dec. 1830: D&C 37 : Revelation given to Joseph Smith the Prophet and Sidney Rigdon, near Fayette, New York, commanding the Saints to gather in Ohio. 1831 2 Jan. 1831: The third conference of the Church was held at Fayette, New York. D&C 38 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Fayette, New York. The occasion was a conference of the Church. 5 Jan. 1831 : D&C 39 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to James Covel, at Fayette, New York. 6 Jan. 1831 : D&C 40 : Revelation given to Joseph Smith the Prophet and Sidney Rigdon, at Fayette, New York. 4 Feb. 1831 : Joseph and Emma Smith moved to Kirtland, Ohio. 4 Feb. 1831: D&C 41 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to the Church, at Kirtland, Ohio, directing arrangements there and calling Edward Partridge to be the Church’s first bishop. 9 Feb. 1831 ; 23 Feb. 1831: D&C 42 : Revelation given in two parts through Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Kirtland, Ohio. Feb. 1831: D&C 43 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Kirtland, Ohio. Late Feb. 1831 : D&C 44 : Revelation given to Joseph Smith the Prophet and Sidney Rigdon, at Kirtland, Ohio. Mar. 1831 : Parley P. Pratt returned to Kirtland, Ohio, from his mission to the unorganized territory. 7 Mar. 1831 : D&C 45 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to the Church, at Kirtland, Ohio. 8 Mar. 1831 : D&C 46 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to the Church, at Kirtland, Ohio. 8 Mar. 1831 : D&C 47 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Kirtland, Ohio. 10 Mar. 1831 : D&C 48 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Kirtland, Ohio. March 16, 1831: Victor Hugo publishes his novel The Hunchback of Notre Dame 9 Apr. 1831 : John Whitmer was appointed to keep the Church record and history at a special meeting of the elders of the Church, held at Kirtland, Ohio. May 1831 : Saints from the Colesville, New York, branch arrived in Thompson, Ohio. 9 May 1831 : D&C 50 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Kirtland, Ohio. 20 May 1831 : D&C 51 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Thompson, Ohio. 3–6 June 1831 : A conference of the Church was held at Kirtland, Ohio, in which the first ordinations to the office of high priest were made. 6 June 1831: D&C 52 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to the elders of the Church, at Kirtland, Ohio. 8 June 1831: D&C 53 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to Algernon Sidney Gilbert, at Kirtland, Ohio. 10 June 1831: D&C 54 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to Newel Knight, at Kirtland, Ohio, directing members in Thompson, Ohio, to leave Leman Copley’s farm and journey to Missouri. 14 June 1831 : D&C 55 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to William W. Phelps, at Kirtland, Ohio. 15 June 1831 : D&C 56 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Kirtland, Ohio. 19 June 1831 : Joseph Smith and others traveled to Independence, Missouri, to designate the location of Zion. They arrived on 14 July 1831 . 20 July 1831 : D&C 57 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, in Zion, Jackson County, Missouri. 1 Aug. 1831: D& C 58 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, in Zion, Jackson County, Missouri. 3 Aug. 1831 : Joseph Smith, Sidney Rigdon, and others dedicated the city of Zion and the temple site at Independence, Jackson County, Missouri. 4 Aug. 1831 : Joseph Smith presided at the first conference of the Church in Missouri, held at Kaw Township, Jackson County. 7 Aug. 1831 : D&C 59 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, in Zion, Jackson County, Missouri. 8 Aug. 1831 : D&C 60 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, in Independence, Jackson County, Missouri. 9 Aug. 1831 : Joseph Smith departed Independence, Missouri. He arrived in Kirtland, Ohio, on 27 Aug. 1831. 12 Aug. 1831 : D&C 61 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, on the bank of the Missouri River at McIlwaine’s Bend. 13 Aug. 1831 : D&C 62 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, on the bank of the Missouri River at Chariton, Missouri. 30 Aug. 1831 : D&C 63 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Kirtland, Ohio. 11 Sept. 1831 : D&C 64 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet to the elders of the Church, at Kirtland, Ohio. 12 Sept. 1831 : Joseph and Emma Smith moved to John and Alice (Elsa) Johnson’s farm in Hiram Township, Ohio. 13 Oct. 1831 : The Ohio Star published the first of nine letters critical of the Church and the Prophet by former Latter-day Saint Ezra Booth in Ravenna, Ohio. 25–26 Oct. 1831 : Joseph Smith presided over a conference in Orange Township, Cuyahoga County, Ohio, at which fifteen elders were ordained high priests. 2 9 Oct. 1831 : D&C 66 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Hiram, Ohio. 30 Oct. 1831 : D&C 65 : Revelation on prayer given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Hiram, Ohio. 1 Nov. 1831: A conference held at Hiram, Ohio, approved the publication of Joseph Smith’s revelations as the Book of Commandments. D&C 1 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet during the conference of elders as the Lord’s preface to the revelations. Early Nov. 1831 : D&C 67 : Revelation given through Joseph Smith the Prophet, at Hiram, Ohio. The occasion was that of a special conference regarding the publication of the revelations.

CFM : January 6–12 D&C 1  Videos, Podcasts, & Weekly Lesson Material Media ​Lesson Extension BYU RSC Library The Restoration The Lord’s Preface (D&C 1) Come Follow Church History with Lynne Hilton Wilson The Restoration D&C 1 Come Follow Me Kid D&C 1 Come Follow Me Scott Woodward & Casey Griffiths The Restoration D&C 1 Come Follow Up D&C 1 Don't Miss This D&C 1 Follow Him D&C 1 Part 1 Dr. J.B. Haws Part 2 Dr. J.B. Haws Transcripts Gospel For Kids About the Doctrine and Covenants: The Lord speaks again Grounded with Barbara Morgan D&C 1 Hurricane Adult Religion Class D&C 1 Video: Lesson 1: Introduction; reception, editing & publication of Joseph Smith’s revelations Website Latter Day Kids D&C 1 Warning Signs Line Upon Line D&C 1 Hearken Ye People Our Mother's Knew It D&C 1 The Restoration Proclamation Object Lesson Saving Talents D&C 1 Scripture Study Central D&C 1 The Unfolding Restoration Lesson 1: Line Upon Line with Anthony Sweat Hard Questions in Church History with Lynne Hilton Wilson: Week 1 (Dec 28-Jan 3) The Story of the Doctrine and Covenants with Casey Paul Griffiths Come Follow Me with Casey Paul Griffiths (Doctrine and Covenants 1, Dec 28-Jan 3) Doctrine and Covenants 1, with Scott Woodward Come Follow Me with Taylor Halverson (Doctrine and Covenants 1, Dec 28-Jan 3) Come Follow Me with John Hilton III (Doctrine and Covenants 1, Dec 28-Jan 3) Meet the Hosts of “Come Follow Me: Act in Doctrine” Come Follow Me: Act in Doctrine (Doctrine and Covenants 1, Dec 28-Jan 3) Come Follow Me Insights (Doctrine and Covenants 1, Dec 28-Jan 3) Doctrine and Covenants Contexts: D&C 1 Steven C. Harper Restoration Voices Volume 2: John Johnson Home Susan Easton Black Scripture Explorers D&C 1 Scripture Gems D&C 1 Scripture Insights D&C 1 Talking Scripture D&C 1 Notes The Interpreter Foundation D&C 1 Study and Teaching Helps: 2025 Doctrine & Covenants Interpreter Radio Show — December 15, 2024 including Doctrine & Covenants in Context Come, Follow Me  Study and Teaching Helps — Lesson 1: D&C 1 Audio Roundtable: Come, Follow Me Doctrine and Covenants Lesson 1 (D&C 1) https://interpreterfoundation.org/come-follow-me/doctrine-covenants-2025-lessons/dc-2/ Scripture Roundtable: D&C Gospel Doctrine Lesson 1, Introduction to the Doctrine and Covenants and Church History Scripture Roundtable: D&C Gospel Doctrine Lesson 41, "Every Member a Missionary" Scripture Roundtable: D&C Gospel Doctrine Lesson 42, Continuing Revelation to Latter-day Prophets Scripture Roundtable: D&C Gospel Doctrine Lesson 1 (2013) The Red Crystal Printables for Kids D&C 1 The Scriptures are Real D&C 1 What and How to Know about the Restoration with Steve Harper Unshaken D&C 1 Bicentennial Proclamation: The Restoration Scripture Study Skills Resources and Insights for this Week's Lesson   For my studies this year, I wanted to better understand the need for the Restoration by exploring the history of the Great Apostasy and the events that created the circumstances leading to the Restoration. To do this, I compiled a general timeline of significant historical events spanning from the destruction of Jerusalem to the First Vision. While the timeline is somewhat exhaustive and certainly far from complete, the exercise was enlightening and very helpful. It deepened my understanding of the immense challenges involved in preserving gospel doctrines under the harsh conditions of the Roman Empire and beyond. It afforded a greater appreciation for all of the moving pieces, helping me to better recognize the Lord's hand in shaping the events that transpired. It also provided greater insight into the intense excitement and religious fervor of Joseph Smith’s time, along with the widespread confusion that he described within his community. For those interested, I have included the timeline below the chapter outline to offer a broader historical summary. D&C 1 is a preface that the Lord gave to Joseph Smith. As such, the Savior intentionally uses words and phrases found in other areas of scripture. Frequently, these references provide valuable context, demonstrating fulfillment of prophecy and highlighting key points that help us to better understand the significance of the revelation. Chapter Outline Overview: D&C 1 serves as the Lord’s preface to the Doctrine and Covenants, outlining the purpose of the Restoration, the role of the Saints, and the call to establish a true and living Church in preparation for the Second Coming of Christ. This chapter highlights the everlasting covenant, the humility required to participate in God’s work, and the inclusive nature of His call to all people. Major Topics & Themes Resources & Commentary D&C 1: The Lord’s Preface to the Doctrine and Covenants Introduction: The Universal Call to Hearken (Verses 1–3) Theme : The Lord’s voice calls all people to listen and prepare. Key Points : God’s voice is directed to all nations, emphasizing His omniscience and omnipresence. No one can escape His judgment; secret acts will be revealed and proclaimed. Matthew 10:26-27 , Luke 12:2-3 , 2 Nephi 27:11 , Mosiah 27:31 Takeaway : The Restoration is for everyone, and no act, thought, or intention is hidden from God. D&C 1:1 opens with a divine call to "all people," emphasizing the universal scope of God’s message and His invitation to spiritual attunement. This mirrors Isaiah 41:1 , where nations are called to "keep silence" and draw near for judgment, and Deuteronomy 29:4 , highlighting the need for spiritual perception in preparation for entrance into the Promised Land. The recurring scriptural theme of having eyes to see , ears to hear , and hearts to understand underscores the necessity of spiritual responsiveness ( Isaiah 6:9-10 ; Matthew 13:13-16 ; Alma 12:10 ). Only through humility and faith can spiritual blindness be removed ( D&C 76:12 ; D&C 136:32 ), enabling individuals to receive and understand divine truths. D&C 1:2 declares that the Lord’s voice will go forth to all nations, echoed by Isaiah 45:23 , which promises every knee shall bow and tongue confess God’s sovereignty, and Matthew 24:30 , which foresees all tribes witnessing the Son of Man’s return. The phrase " housetops " in D&C 1:3 connects to Luke 12:3 , where Christ teaches that private truths will be proclaimed openly. Historically, housetops were public spaces, symbolizing ultimate exposure and accountability. Spiritually, this imagery signifies that all hidden acts—whether righteous or wicked—will be brought to light, teaching divine justice and preparing the world for God’s judgment. As prophesied in these verses, the Restoration invites all to heed the Lord’s warning voice and align their hearts with His eternal purposes. The Warning and the Responsibility to Proclaim (Verses 4–10) Theme : The Restoration serves as a warning to prepare for coming judgments and blessings. Key Points : The voice of warning is delivered through God’s servants. Prophets are called to prepare the world for Christ’s Second Coming, prepared with a book of commandments, (D&C and BoM) The Lord will judge all according to their works. Judgment will come to all. God grants sealing authority. The sealing power enables actions performed by priesthood authority on earth to be ratified by God in heaven. It emphasizes divine authority over eternal outcomes, such as sealing families for eternity, binding covenants, and pronouncing judgments. Deuteronomy 30:19-20 , 1 Kings 17:1 , Malachi 4:5-6 , Matthew 16:19 , D&C 110 . The sealing power described in D&C 1:8  is a restored authority that echoes the ancient priesthood’s role in binding covenants ( Exodus 24:7-8 ), sanctifying individuals ( Leviticus 16 ), and pronouncing divine judgments ( Ezekiel 9:4 ). Rooted in the actions of Elijah, Moses, and Peter, this power enables modern priesthood holders to fulfill the same eternal purposes as their biblical counterparts, drawing all people to God and preparing the earth for His coming. Takeaway : Saints are tasked with proclaiming the gospel to help others prepare for the Lord’s coming. D&C 1:4 – A Warning Voice: The Lord's warning voice in D&C 1:4 parallels Ezekiel 3:17-19 , where the prophet is appointed as a watchman , tasked with warning the people of impending judgment. In both instances, the responsibility of delivering God’s message is sacred and urgent, requiring faithfulness to preserve life—spiritually and temporally. The Doctrine and Covenants , as a modern " Book of Commandments ," reflects a restoration of this ancient practice of codifying divine laws to preserve covenantal relationships, teach holiness, and guide the faithful. Similarly, the Torah in Jewish tradition serves as both a spiritual and legal guide, offering commandments to maintain a holy life and a covenantal relationship with God. D&C 1:5-8 – Sealing Power and Divine Authority: In D&C 1:5-8, the Lord emphasizes the eternal consequences tied to the priesthood authority restored in this dispensation. This sealing power, described in D&C 1:8, aligns with biblical precedents such as Elijah’s role in Malachi 4:5-6, Moses' covenant work in Exodus 24:7-8, and Peter’s keys to bind on earth and heaven in Matthew 16:19. The Doctrine and Covenants reintroduces these eternal priesthood functions, enabling covenants to be bound for eternity, sanctifying individuals, and preparing the earth for divine judgment. This echoes Deuteronomy 30:19-20, where choices between life and death are laid before Israel, underscoring the eternal implications of covenant decisions. D&C 1:9-10 – Final Judgment and Preparation for the Second Coming: In verses 9-10, the Lord declares that no unclean thing shall escape His judgments, and the faithful will be empowered to discern truth and testify of divine justice. The imagery of divine judgment parallels Ezekiel 9:4 , where those faithful to God’s laws are marked for protection, while the rebellious face destruction. These verses underscore the necessity of repentance and sanctification to prepare for the Lord’s return. Through the Doctrine and Covenants, God re-establishes a covenantal framework to draw all people to Him, providing guidance for holiness, binding covenants, and enabling priesthood holders to fulfill the eternal purposes of their biblical counterparts. This divine preparation anticipates the ultimate day of judgment and the fulfillment of God’s promises. The Apostasy and the Need for Restoration (Verses 11–16) Theme : The world’s rejection of God’s ordinances necessitated the Restoration. Key Points : Humanity has strayed from God’s ordinances and broken His everlasting covenant. Idolatry and worldliness have replaced the worship of the true God. The Restoration calls people out of spiritual “Babylon” and back to God. Takeaway : Understanding the need for the Restoration strengthens faith in God’s plan and teaches us about the necessity of heeding the guidance of His prophets. D&C 1:11-13 – A Call to Hear and Heed the Warning Voice The Lord calls all people to listen and prepare for His divine purposes. Again, this aligns with the recurring biblical call to spiritual awareness: "He that hath ears to hear, let him hear" ( Matthew 11:15 ). This section emphasizes that the Lord’s message will reach all nations, exposing hidden deeds and compelling repentance ( Luke 12:3 ). The imagery of a trumpet , associated with prophetic warning ( Ezekiel 33:3 ), signifies the urgency of heeding divine instruction. Gathering a covenant people and preparing for divine inheritance mirrors the Exodus, where God called Israel out of bondage to become His holy nation ( Exodus 19:5-6 ). D&C 1:14 – Rejecting Prophets and Apostasy In D&C 1:14, the Lord warns that those who reject His servants and prophets will face divine judgment, paralleling Acts 3:23 , where Peter warns that anyone who refuses to heed the prophet "shall be destroyed." This rejection of divine messengers reflects a pattern of apostasy , as seen in the idolatry of ancient Israel ( Isaiah 2:8 ). The preface to the Doctrine and Covenants recalls the Exodus narrative, urging modern covenant people to flee spiritual bondage in a contemporary Egypt or Babylon, leaving behind idolatry and worldliness to follow God. D&C 1:15-16 – Modern Idolatry and Spiritual Bondage The Lord identifies idolatry and self-will as root causes of spiritual rebellion (Isaiah 2:8 ). Revelation 18:2 describes Babylon as a fallen system of corruption, representing worldly influences that lead individuals away from God. The " sword bathed in heaven" in D&C 1:14, drawing from Isaiah 34:5 and Revelation 1:16 , symbolizes the Word of God as both a tool of judgment and a means of justice. Genesis 3:24 's flaming sword guarding the Tree of Life and Nephi's description of the Word of God as the iron rod highlight the protective and guiding power of God’s truth. The Restoration narrative mirrors the Exodus journey, emphasizing liberation, sanctification, and covenantal living. D&C 1:14 explains that the Lord will reveal His arm, His power ( Exodus 6:6 , Isaiah 40:10 , Isaiah 52:10 ) through His servants, who deliver His word as the "two-edged sword" (Revelation 1:16). By turning to God, heeding His servants, and holding fast to the iron rod, individuals can escape spiritual bondage, prepare for Zion, and secure divine inheritance in the modern-day Promised Land. God’s Knowledge of Calamities and the Call to Restore the Covenant (Verses 17–23) Theme : The Restoration is God’s response to foreseen calamities. Key Points : God called Joseph Smith to restore the covenant and priesthood authority. The Restoration includes the coming forth of the Book of Mormon  and modern commandments. The gospel is to be proclaimed by the “weak and the simple” to confound the wise (1 Corinthians 1:27, Exodus 4:10, Mormon 9:31, Ether 12:23-27), that every person might speak in the name of the Lord, that faith might increse, that God's everlasting Covenant might be established, that the fulness of the Gospel will be proclaimed unto the ends of the earth. Takeaway : The Restoration prepares the world for challenges and invites all to enter God’s covenant. The Role of Zion: Zion is described as a place of refuge where calamities will not overwhelm the righteous: “And it shall be called Zion, a New Jerusalem. And the glory of the Lord shall be there, and the terror of the Lord also shall be there, insomuch that the wicked will not come unto it.”  (D&C 45:66-67). Spiritual Safety Those who keep the commandments and follow prophetic counsel are promised divine protection and guidance: “If ye are prepared ye shall not fear.”  (D&C 38:30). The Restoration not only prepares Saints for physical calamities but also calls all people to repentance, helping them avoid the eternal calamity of separation from God. Speaking in the Name of God Learning to Speak with Divine Authority The Lord Calls Weak and Simple Servants In His wisdom, the Lord chose Joseph Smith and other humble, weak, and simple individuals to proclaim His word to the world. This echoes biblical patterns and principles that God uses "the weak things of the world to confound the things which are mighty" (1 Corinthians 1:27). Moses explained that he was weak in speech, and Moroni lamented that his people had become weak in writing. By calling such individuals in their weakness, the Lord demonstrates that His power, not human strength or wisdom, accomplishes His purposes. This underscores the need for faith and reliance on divine inspiration. D&C 1:20 – Speaking in the Name of God The Lord calls His Saints "that every man might speak in the name of God the Lord, even the Savior of the world." Speaking with divine authority involves faith, humility, and preparation: Faith : Trusting in the Lord’s inspiration, even when feeling unqualified or inadequate (Ether 12:27). Humility : Acknowledging that authority and power come from God, not personal merit (D&C 121:36-37). Preparation : Developing spiritual gifts, understanding doctrine, and living righteously to serve as effective instruments in God’s hands (D&C 88:78-80). Symbolism of Letters as Building Blocks The small and simple act of recording words—one letter at a time—creates the building blocks of the Word. This can be manifest im many ways, including the Bible , Book of Mormon, Doctine and Covenants, a General Conference address, or an inspired message from a friend. Through using elements as small and simple as letters, Great things have indeed come to pass. Letters and words are powerful instruments in God’s hands, and they underscores how seemingly insignificant particles and actions can have great eternal consequences when aligned with God’s will . The Weak and Simple to Proclaim the Gospel: The Lord empowers weak and simple servants to proclaim the gospel to the ends of the earth, inviting all to partake of the blessings of the Everlasting Covenant. This fulfills the prophesied purpose of the Restoration: to increase faith, re-establish the covenant, and proclaim the fullness of the gospel (D&C 1:21). Through theseefforts, the weak become strong, and the gospel is carried to every nation, building up Zion, to prepare the world for the Lord’s return. The Role of Humility in the Lord’s Work (Verses 25–28) Theme : Humility is essential for growth, strength, and participation in the Restoration. Key Points : Humility allows individuals to recognize their errors and accept correction. God’s chastening leads to repentance and spiritual growth. The humble are blessed with strength and divine knowledge. Takeaway : Humility invites God’s grace and empowers Saints to fulfill their roles in His work. D&C 1:30 – God Speaks in the Manner of Human Understanding Doctrine and Covenants 1:24 reminds us that God communicates through imperfect human vessels, speaking "after the manner of their language" to ensure His message is comprehensible. This reflects His willingness to meet humanity where they are—culturally, linguistically, and spiritually. Such an approach recognizes human weakness but does not let it obstruct His divine purposes. While this accommodation makes revelation accessible, it also requires humility and diligence from the Saints to seek correction and deeper understanding, especially as they encounter distortions or errors introduced through translation or human bias over time. D&C 1:31-33 – A Dynamic and Living Restoration The history of scripture, including the Bible, demonstrates the challenges of preserving divine truth across generations and translations. Prophecies of the restoration of the Adamic language ( Zephaniah 3:9 , Moses 6:6-7 ) point to a future return to linguistic purity. In the interim, efforts to consult original manuscripts and early translations serve to clarify and preserve truth. The Restoration underscores the dynamic and living nature of scripture, requiring continual engagement with the Spirit for discernment. The Book of Mormon acts as a corrective lens to the Bible, restoring plain and precious truths ( 1 Nephi 13:40 ). A Call to Humility and Personal Revelation D&C 1:31-32 invites the Saints to humility, urging them to acknowledge their imperfections and seek greater alignment with God's will. Recognizing our weaknesses allows us to be instructed by God, even through flawed mediums, and positions us to receive personal revelation. This divine tutoring corrects misconceptions and deepens understanding. As we study the scriptures with faith and diligence, the Spirit enables us to "see, hear, and understand" the truths of God ( Matthew 13:16 ). The Restoration teaches that scripture requires active spiritual engagement to discern its meaning and to ensure its transformative power in our lives. The Church as the True and Living Church (Verses 30–33) Theme : The Restoration establishes the true and living Church of Christ. Key Points : The Church was brought forth “out of obscurity” by divine command. It is a living church because it operates through ongoing revelation. The Church is tasked with preparing Saints for eternal life through the everlasting covenant. Takeaway : Membership in the Church involves active participation in God’s unfolding work. D&C 1:30 – A True and Living Church: The Lord declares His Church as "the only true and living church upon the face of the whole earth." The Hebrew and Greek roots of true  ( emet  in Hebrew and alēthinos  in Greek) convey the ideas of reliability, faithfulness, and alignment with ultimate reality. The Church is true because it is founded on divine principles: priesthood authority, restored truths, and sacred ordinances that align humanity with God's eternal purposes. The word living ( chai  in Hebrew, zōē  in Greek) emphasizes vitality, growth, and ongoing life. The Church is living because it operates under ongoing revelation, directed by the Savior through His chosen leaders. It adapts to the needs of God's children in every era, ensuring its relevance and ability to carry out divine purposes. An Assignment to Build and Prepare: The Restoration's mission extends beyond its members; it is a call to prepare the world for the Second Coming of Christ. This Church, built on divine principles, is tasked with bringing light into spiritual darkness by offering ordinances, teaching repentance, and building Zion. The assignment given in D&C 1:30-33 underscores collective responsibility: Saints are invited to act as stewards of God’s work, laying a foundation of faith, calling all to repentance, and preparing the earth for the return of the Savior. To fulfill this assignment, members are charged to live true principles, remain spiritually attuned, and invite others to partake of the blessings of the gospel. This divine assignment invites participation in an eternal work, urging the Saints to embody the Church’s true and living nature by becoming vessels of faith, action, and revelation. By doing so, they align with God's purpose and play an essential role in His plan to gather all nations and prepare the world for His coming. God is No Respecter of Persons: An Inclusive Call (Verses 34–36) Theme : The gospel invitation is extended to all who choose God. Key Points : God’s call is universal, transcending social, economic, cultural, and other divisions. The ultimate distinction will be between those who choose God and those who choose the devil. The Church is tasked with gathering diverse people to unite through Christ. Takeaway : The Restoration unites all who are willing to follow God, demonstrating His love for all His children. D&C 1:34 – A Universal Call The Lord declares, “I am no respecter of persons,” reaffirming the scriptural truth found in Acts 10:34 : "God is no respecter of persons." The Greek wor d prosōpolēptēs  u sed in Acts translates to "one who shows partiality," emphasizing that God does not favor one group, culture, or status over another. This principle underscores that there are no inherently "chosen" people, but rather individuals who choose Him through obedience, faith, and covenant-keeping. The invitation to follow God’s commandments is universal, applying to all denominations, cultures, social groups, genders, and circumstances. God's judgments and blessings apply universally, transcending human divisions. D&C 1:35-36 – Learning and Living the Law God’s promise of blessings is not based on favoritism but on adherence to His laws. As we diligently search the scriptures and strive to live in accordance with our covenants, we witness His prophecies and promises unfold for all who seek Him—Jew and Gentile, male and female, bond and free. The universality of His call reminds us that spiritual growth and blessings are contingent upon individual choice and effort. The Lord’s impartiality ensures that anyone who turns to Him, regardless of background or circumstances, can partake in His love, guidance, and eternal promises. These verses affirm that God’s kingdom is inclusive, offering all people the opportunity to draw closer to Him. As we embrace this principle, we recognize that unity and equality in Christ transcend earthly divisions, inviting us to participate in His work to gather and bless all nations and peoples. The Surety of God’s Word: Prophecies and Promises (Verses 37–39) Theme : God’s words and promises are certain and eternal. The Restoration re-establishes God’s covenant people and prepares them to build Zion. Key Points : Saints are admonished to search the commandments, prophecies, and promises. Every prophecy and promise of the Lord will be fulfilled. The Restoration aligns with God’s unchanging nature and eternal purposes. The Restoration lays the foundation for Zion, where God’s glory will dwell. Saints are called to act collectively in building a holy society. This covenant work prepares the earth for Christ’s millennial reign. Takeaway : Trusting in God’s word provides confidence in His plan and encourages diligent study and action. The Restoration invites Saints to actively participate in building Zion as part of their covenant obligations. D&C 1:37 – The Call to Search the Commandments The Lord admonishes His people: “Search these commandments, for they are true and faithful.” This echoes John 5:39 : “Search the scriptures; for in them ye think ye have eternal life: and they are they which testify of me.” This invitation to delve into God’s word reflects His desire for His children to actively engage with scripture, to understand His will, and to receive the guidance necessary for salvation. The act of searching demonstrates faith, diligence, and a willingness to draw nearer to God. Throughout scripture, the Lord invites His followers to "test" or "prove" Him as they seek to understand and apply His teachings. Malachi 3:10  challenges believers to prove Him in the paying of tithes, promising blessings. Isaiah 1:18  says, “Come now, and let us reason together,” emphasizing the Lord’s openness to dialogue and reasoning as His children explore His commandments. D&C 1:38 – The Enduring Nature of God’s Word The Lord declares, “What I the Lord have spoken, I have spoken, and I excuse not myself; and though the heavens and the earth pass away, my word shall not pass away, but shall all be fulfilled.” This statement underscores the absolute reliability and eternal nature of God’s word. The idea that His word will be fulfilled “whether by mine own voice or by the voice of my servants” highlights the divine authority of His appointed messengers. This principle reaffirms that the revelations given through prophets are as binding and true as if spoken directly by the Lord. Scriptural examples support this concept of the unfailing fulfillment of God’s promises. Isaiah 55:11  teaches, “So shall my word be that goeth forth out of my mouth: it shall not return unto me void, but it shall accomplish that which I please.” Matthew 24:35  further reiterates, “Heaven and earth shall pass away, but my words shall not pass away.” The Invitation to Trust and Engage The Lord’s admonition in these verses encourages believers to engage deeply with His commandments, trust His promises, and recognize the authority of His servants. By reasoning with Him, searching His word, and observing its fulfillment, we strengthen our faith and align ourselves with His eternal purposes. This process transforms scripture study into a dynamic interaction with the divine, where the promises of God unfold in our lives and the world around us. Proclaimed by the Weak and Simple The Restoration The True and Living Church  Pres. Eyring Historical Timeline Between Crucifixion and Restoration Ancient and Early Christian History (1st–5th Century AD) Jewish-Roman War and Destruction of Jerusalem (66–70 AD) Siege of Jerusalem and destruction of the Second Temple. The diaspora of the Jewish people begins. Many Christians escaped prior to the invasion and relocated to Pella Bar Kokhba Revolt (132–136 AD) Final major Jewish rebellion against Roman rule. Results in widespread Jewish displacement. Hard restrictions were placed upon Jews and Early Christians, causing many to go into hiding. Death of Apostles and Early Christian Martyrs After Christ’s ascension, the apostles spread the gospel across the Roman Empire and beyond. Peter and Paul were martyred in Rome under Emperor Nero around 64–67 AD. Peter was crucified upside down; Paul was beheaded. Other apostles like James (beheaded in 44 AD) and Andrew (crucified in Greece) also faced martyrdom, leaving John as the last surviving apostle. Early Christian Martyrs: Persecutions began under Nero (64 AD) following the Great Fire of Rome. Other notorious persecutions occurred under emperors like Domitian, Decius, and Diocletian. Martyrs like Stephen (the first Christian martyr), Polycarp, and Perpetua became enduring symbols of faith. Political persecution caused many Christians to go into hiding, creating multiple Christian sects throughout the Roman Empire that all developed their own nueances of doctrines and dogmas. Conversion of Constantine (312 AD) Before the Battle of the Milvian Bridge, Constantine reportedly saw a vision of a cross in the sky with the words, "In this sign, conquer" (In hoc signo vinces). He attributed his victory to Jesus Christ and became a patron of Christianity. Edict of Milan (313 AD)  legalizes Christianity in the Roman Empire. Gathering of Christians and Religious Records After the legalization of Christianity, bishops and leaders convened to unify doctrine and compile sacred texts. Local churches preserved letters (epistles) and gospels, which were circulated and studied. Emperor Constantine supported the gathering of texts and the construction of basilicas to house these records. Council of Nicaea (325 AD) Convened by Constantine to address divisions in the church, particularly the Arian Controversy. Led by Arius of Alexandria, the Arians believed that God the Father, Jesus Christ, and the Holy Ghost were three distinct persons. However, they also believed that Jesus was a man who ascended to Godhood. Therefore, they did not believe he was “co-eternal” with God but rather a created being.  Without knowledge of the pre-existence, they could not understand how Christ could be the Creator and the God of the Old Testament. Trinitarians, led by a priest named Athanasius, maintained that Jesus Christ was the Creator and the God of the Old Testament and that instead of being three distinct individuals, each member of the Godhead served as different manifestations of the same God.  This preserved the concept of monotheism and helped explain how Jesus Christ fit into the equation. According to the events of the First Vision and the Revelation given by Joseph Smith, both the Arian and Trinitarian views were fundamentally flawed. Smith taught that Jesus Christ was both the Creator and the appointed Messiah designated from before the foundations of the world and that God the Father, Jesus Christ, and the Holy Ghost were three separate individuals who were united in purpose.  This understanding was determined through direct revelation rather than by a vote. ( Holland ) Key outcomes: The majority favored Athanasius’ position and adoption of the Nicene Creed, affirming the divinity of Christ ( homoousios  or "of the same substance" as God). Establish uniformity in calendar observances, including the celebration of Easter. Marked the beginning of the ecumenical councils. Falling out between Trinitarians, Heretics, and Pagans As Christianity gained state power, political forces began targeting heretical groups like the Donatists  and Gnostics . Heresy was seen not only as a spiritual danger but as a threat to social and political stability. Examples: Priscillian of Avila  (385 AD): First heretic executed by a Christian state. Suppression of Gnostic texts, many of which were rediscovered in the 20th century (e.g., Nag Hammadi library discussed some of these texts previously, including links to the various texts: Supplemental information for “A Minister and a Witness ). Political Shift to the Persecution of Pagans and Jews Persecution of Pagans: Pagan temples were closed, sacrifices were banned, and pagan practices were criminalized. Christian forces led raids to deface and destroy Pagan shrines and artifacts, Egyptian iconoclasm. ( Breaking the Noses on Egyptian Statues )  Notable example: The destruction of the Serapeum  in Alexandria (391 AD). Priests and Practitioners targeted, notable example: Hypatia of Alexandria  (415 AD) The destruction of the Library of Alexandria, possibly during clashes between Christians and pagans. Conversion of the Parthenon in Athens into a church. As a result, schools and gatherings that promoted teachings that were contrary to the Church were shut down, priests and practitioners from other faith traditions were silenced, and a great deal of knowledge was lost. This included knowledge regarding entire languages and writing systems, such as the Egyptian Hieroglyphs.  By around 400 AD, Hieroglyph literacy became completely extinct. It would not be until the discovery of the Rosetta Stone in 1799 and its breakthroughs in decipherment in 1821 that these mysteries would again “rise from the dust.”    Persecution of Jews:   Anti-Jewish laws restricted Jewish rights and activities. Christian theology often cast Jews as “Christ-killers,” fostering centuries of marginalization. Recognizing these political threats, Scholars within the Jewish community, known as the Masorites “Traditionists,” worked to collect and codify their sacred texts beginning around 600 AD.  This included developing a system to preserve their language and cantillation practices, known as Niqqud and Ta’amai HaMikra.   Development of Surviving Masoretic Texts (9th–10th Century: Allepo Codex , Leningrad Codex Compilation of the New Testament By the 4th century, Christians compiled their records, officially recognizing 27 NT books as canonical. Key contributors to the process: Athanasius of Alexandria (367 AD):  First to list the New Testament canon as we know it. (The same priest that opposed Arius.) Criteria for inclusion: apostolic authorship, orthodoxy, and widespread use. Councils of Hippo (393 AD) and Carthage (397 AD):  Officially affirmed the canon. Criteria for inclusion: apostolic authorship, orthodoxy, and widespread use. Multiple Versions ( Text Types ): While the Collective church mostly agreed on which texts to canonize, there were significant differences, primarily regarding the language. The Western Church used Latin; the Greeks maintained the Greek. Other differences included incorporating various liturgical traditions, customs, and preservation methods. (2 Nephi 29-30)  Vulgate  (West): St. Jerome (c. 347–420 AD) was appointed by Pope Damasus I to collect and translate the various versions of the records into the Latin Vulgate, which became the standard version of the Bible throughout most of the Western world. This was an overwhelming task, as hundreds of versions in multiple languages were already circulating.  The Byzantine Text (East), also known as the Majority Text: This version preserved the Greek translations. Modern Byzantine New Testament texts primarily pull from the Codex Vaticanus (C.325-350 AD) , one of our earliest manuscripts housed in the Vatican library, and the Codex Sinaitcus (C.325-360 AD), discovered in St Catherine’s Monastery in Sinai in 1844. These manuscripts slightly differ from one another and also differ from the Textus Receptus and Alexandrian text-type versions of the New Testament, which were the primary foundations for the Protestant Translations following the Reformation. The Eastern Byzantine Church uses the Greek Septuagint for the Old Testament rather than relying on the Hebrew Masoretic text or Jerome’s Vulgate. ( How Different are the Majority Text and Textus Receptus? ) ( Categories of New Testament Manuscripts ) The King James Version (KJV)  of the Bible, published in 1611 AD, was commissioned by King James I to unify religious factions and create an authoritative English translation. It was based on the Masoretic Text  for the Old Testament (rather than the Vulgate) and the Textus Receptus  for the New Testament, drawing heavily from earlier English translations such as Tyndale’s Bible (1526), the Geneva Bible (1560), and the Bishops’ Bible (1568). Over 50 scholars used Hebrew, Greek, and Latin sources to produce a formal translation that became the standard Bible for English-speaking Christians for centuries, profoundly influencing religion, culture, and literature. The Fall of Rome (476 AD) The collapse of the Western Roman Empire, the Byzantine Empire continues. The Western Roman Empire fell as barbarian groups like the Visigoths, Vandals, and Ostrogoths invaded. Contributing factors: Economic decline. Military defeats (e.g., Battle of Adrianople, 378 AD). Political instability and corruption. Division of Kingdoms in the West After the fall of Rome, Europe fragmented into smaller kingdoms. Examples: Visigothic Kingdom in Spain. Ostrogothic Kingdom in Italy. Frankish Kingdom in Gaul (later France). “Dark Ages” in the West The period following Rome’s fall was marked by: Decline in centralized government and urban life. Loss of classical knowledge. Frequent wars and invasions. Despite the term "Dark Ages," monasteries worked to preserve manuscripts while the Byzantine Empire thrived, maintaining learning and culture. Key figures such as  Emperor Justinian I  (527–565 AD) marked this period as a high point of Byzantine History and growth. This was when the famous Hagia Sophia was constructed. Medieval Period (6th–15th Century) Rise of Islam (7th Century) Islam originated in the 7th century  in the Arabian Peninsula with the prophetic mission of Muhammad  (570–632 AD). Around 610 AD, Muhammad received revelations, believed to be from the angel Gabriel, which were later compiled into the Qur'an , Islam's holy book. These teachings emphasized monotheism and submission to Allah, challenging the polytheistic traditions of Arabia. Muhammad gained followers in Mecca  but faced persecution, prompting his migration (Hijra) to Medina  in 622 AD, marking the beginning of the Islamic calendar. Over the next decade, Muhammad unified much of Arabia under Islam through alliances, diplomacy, and military campaigns. After his death in 632, his successors, the Caliphs , launched rapid territorial expansions. The House of Wisdom  ( Bayt al-Hikma ) was an intellectual and cultural center in Baghdad , established during the Abbasid Caliphate  (8th–13th centuries). It played a pivotal role in collecting, translating, and preserving ancient knowledge, particularly during the Islamic Golden Age. Activities and Contributions Translation of Ancient Works: Scholars at the House of Wisdom translated works from various civilizations, including: Greek texts : Philosophical works by Aristotle, Plato, and medical treatises by Hippocrates and Galen. (This is why we have these writings today.) Persian texts : Astronomical and mathematical writings. Indian texts : Mathematical concepts, including the introduction of Indian numerals and zero. Astronomy : Development of observatories and detailed star catalogs. Mathematics : Refinement of algebra (Al-Khwarizmi) and geometry. Medicine : Compilation of encyclopedias like Avicenna’s Canon of Medicine . Translators like Hunayn ibn Ishaq , Thabit ibn Qurra , and others were key figures in this effort. Preservation of Knowledge: The House of Wisdom preserved texts that might have otherwise been lost, ensuring the survival of ancient knowledge during times of instability in other parts of the world, such as Europe during the early medieval period. Advancement of Science and Mathematics: Scholars built on the works they translated, leading to advances in fields such asthise noted above. Cultural Exchange: The House of Wisdom was a hub for scholars from diverse religious and cultural backgrounds, including Muslims, Christians, Jews, and Zoroastrians. This inclusivity facilitated the synthesis of ideas across civilizations. Military Expansion of Islamic Caliphates leads to the loss of significant Christian sites like Jerusalem, Antioch, and Alexandria. Conquest of Key Christian Sites Jerusalem (638 AD): Captured by Caliph Umar during the Rashidun Caliphate. The Dome of the Rock  was later built on the Temple Mount, a site significant to both Christians and Jews. Antioch and Alexandria (7th Century): These major centers of early Christianity fell during the early Islamic conquests, weakening Byzantine control in the region. Damascus (635 AD): Taken by Muslim forces, it became a key administrative and cultural center of the Islamic Caliphate. North Africa and Spain: The Muslim expansion swept across Christian territories in North Africa and reached the Iberian Peninsula by 711 AD. Challenges Faced by the Byzantine Church: Territorial losses from the rising Islamic state isolated Constantinople as the primary seat of Eastern Orthodox Christianity, leading to a significant loss of people and resources. The Islamic rulers allowed Christians in conquered territories to practice their religion as  dhimmi  (protected but subordinate non-Muslims). However, high taxes and political disputes caused many to align with Muslim rulers for pragmatic reasons. Strengths and Resilience of the Byzantine Church Constantinople as a Stronghold: Despite territorial losses, the Patriarchate of Constantinople remained a bastion of Orthodox Christianity. The Hagia Sophia  served as a powerful symbol of Byzantine religious and cultural identity. Theological Contributions: The Byzantine Church continued to be a center for theological scholarship, producing works defending Orthodox doctrine against Islam and other challenges. Liturgical developments and hymnography, like those of St. Romanos the Melodist , flourished during this time. Military and Spiritual Defenses: The Byzantine Church played a key role in rallying spiritual support for the defense of Constantinople, particularly during sieges like the Arab sieges of 674–678  and 717–718 . Long-Term Impact Orthodox Identity: The loss of key Christian centers deepened the Byzantine Church’s sense of being the true guardian of Orthodox Christianity. This identity would later influence its conflicts with both the Roman Catholic Church and Islam. Cultural Influence: While isolated, the Byzantine Church continued to exert cultural and religious influence through missionary efforts, particularly in the Slavic lands (e.g., Cyril and Methodius’ mission to the Slavs in the 9th century). Great Schism (1054) Ongoing controversies developed to the point of an official Split between the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church. Tensions escalated to the point that the Bishop of Constantinople and the Pope in Rome both excommunicated one other. The Filioque controversy  arose from the addition of the Latin term "Filioque" ("and the Son") to the Nicene Creed by the Western Church, indicating that the Holy Spirit proceeds from both the Father and the Son, rather than from the Father alone as stated in the original Greek text. This addition, made without the consent of the Eastern Church, was first formally adopted in 589 at the Third Council of Toledo and later became a standard part of Western Christian doctrine. The controversy deepened theological, cultural, and political divisions between the Eastern Orthodox and Western Roman Catholic Churches, contributing to the Great Schism of 1054 . The Orthodox Church rejected the addition, emphasizing the original wording of the creed as defined by the early ecumenical councils. Crusades (1095–1291) Attempts to reclaim the Holy Land and protect Christian pilgrimages. 1095:  The First Crusade  begins after Pope Urban II’s call at the Council of Clermont to reclaim the Holy Land from Muslim control. 1099:   Jerusalem was captured  by Crusaders; Crusader states were established, such as the Kingdom of Jerusalem. Crusaders destroyed many Jewish artifacts and records, holding a few artifacts for ransom, such as the Allepo Codex. Jewish communities in Eqypt paid a steep ransom to secure this priceless manuscript. 1147–1149:   Second Crusade , launched after the fall of Edessa to Muslim forces. 1187:   Battle of Hattin ; Saladin recaptures Jerusalem. 1190–1192:   Third Crusade , led by Richard the Lionheart, Philip II of France, and Frederick Barbarossa. 1204:   Fourth Crusade ; Crusaders sack Constantinople, deepening the schism between Eastern Orthodoxy and Roman Catholicism. 1291:  Fall of Acre; end of the Crusader's presence  in the Holy Land. Crusades brought opportunities for cross-cultural exchanges, preservation, and movement of ancient texts, lighting the embers of the Renaissance. With the expansion of Islam, trade routes to the East, such as the Silk Roads, were threatened. European Communities begin looking for alternative routes. Decline of the House of Wisdom The sack of Baghdad  by the Mongols led to the destruction of the House of Wisdom and its extensive collections. Many manuscripts were lost; it was said the Tigris River ran black with all the ink from the pages cast into it. However, some manuscripts survived through earlier dissemination to other regions. Legacy: The knowledge preserved and advanced by the House of Wisdom eventually reached Europe, fueling the Renaissance . The transmission of Arabic translations of Greek and Roman works into Latin occurred largely via Spain (e.g., during the 12th-century Toledo Translation School). Christian Intolerance and Anti-Jewish Sentiment: Despite earlier coexistence, increasing pressure on Jewish communities emerged as growing anxiety mounted against the Jewish population and as Christian rulers sought religious and cultural uniformity. The Black Plague  (1347–1351) devastated Europe, killing an estimated 25–50 million people, or about one-third of the population. Amid the widespread death and despair, Jews became scapegoats for the calamity, leading to intensified anti-Jewish sentiment and persecution . Scapegoating the Jews: Many Europeans, unable to explain the plague scientifically, attributed the catastrophe to supernatural causes or conspiracies. Jews were accused of witchcraft and sorcery, including accusations that they intentionally poisoned the wells to spread the plague, a baseless claim fueled by fear, ignorance, and long-standing prejudices. The reason the Jews fared better than the rest of the population was that they observed strict Kosher laws, which included sanitation guidelines that helped to prevent the spread of disease. Massacres and Pogroms: Anti-Jewish violence erupted across Europe: In 1348–1349, Jewish communities in cities like Strasbourg , Basel , and Frankfurt  were attacked. Thousands of Jews were killed, and entire communities were destroyed. In some cases, Jewish populations were forcibly expelled from cities and regions. Economic and Social Factors: Jews were often moneylenders due to restrictions on other professions, making them targets of resentment during economic crises exacerbated by the plague. Rulers and local elites sometimes incited or tolerated violence to cancel debts owed to Jewish moneylenders. Church's Role: While some Church leaders condemned the violence, others remained silent or complicit, reinforcing the view of Jews as outsiders or enemies of Christianity. Expulsions: The plague reinforced existing trends of Jewish expulsion from European territories: England (1290), France (1306 and 1394), and parts of Germany and Spain. Many Jews fled to Eastern Europe (e.g., Poland and Lithuania), where rulers offered relative safety and tolerance. In 1391 , widespread anti-Jewish pogroms  erupted across Spain, forcing many Jews to convert to Christianity or flee. These Conversos  (converted Jews) and Marranos  (secret Jews) often faced suspicion, accused of practicing Judaism in secret. The Renaissance Begins 1400s:  Flourishing of  the Italian Renaissance  in Florence, driven by patrons like the  Medici  family, who, unlike much of Europe at the time, welcomed Jewish families to settle in the community, establishing synagogues, schools, and autonomy, at least for a while. 1439:   Johannes Gutenberg  develops the printing press , revolutionizing communication and the spread of knowledge. Revival of learning and widespread availability of the Bible due to Gutenberg’s invention. 1453:   Fall of Constantinople  to the Ottomans; many Byzantine scholars flee to Italy, bringing classical texts that continue to fuel the Renaissance. Marriage of Ferdinand and Isabella (1469): The union of Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella of Castile unified Spain under Catholic rule. They sought to consolidate power through religious uniformity, targeting perceived threats to Christian orthodoxy, including conversos and Muslims. Establishment of the Spanish Inquisition (1478): Ferdinand and Isabella obtained a papal bull from Pope Sixtus IV authorizing the Spanish Inquisition. The Inquisition aimed to identify and punish heretics, with a primary focus on conversos accused of secretly practicing Judaism. 1492: Due to the Islamic expansion,  Columbus  gathered support for an expedition to what he believed was India to find alternate trade routes;   however, on his voyage, he discovered the Americas instead. Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain funded his expedition. (1 Nephi 13:12, Columbus: Fulfillment of Prophesy , Wait, Christopher Columbus was Jewish? ) Expulsion of Jews and Muslims  from Spain under the Alhambra Decree , enforced by the Spanish Inquisition. Mounting evidence suggests that many aboard the ships that came to the Americas were Jews who helped to fund the expedition, including one of King Ferdinand's sons, an illegitimate child that Ferdinand had with one of his Jewish Conversa mistresses. DNA and Genealogical evidence confirm pockets of Crypto Jewish lines in areas such as the Caribbean and New Mexico with Jewish DNA markers that trace their lineage and history to Columbus' expedition. Strong evidence even suggests that Columbus was ethnically Jewish. Due to the development of the Gutenberg Printing Press, the Bible and multiple books began to circulate. Simultaneously, several controversies were brewing between competing papacies of the Church, weakening its unity and credibility. Several leaders, such as Jan Jus (1415) and Girolamo Savonarola (1498), were executed after calling for reforms. 1516: Desiderius Erasmus  completed the first printed edition of the Greek New Testament , titled "Novum Instrumentum omne."  Up until this time, the Western Church relied on the Latin Vulgate. However, several significant errors were becoming more apparent. Erasmus aimed to provide a more accurate Greek text for scholars and a corrected Latin version for clergy and theologians. Erasmus' motto, “Ad fontes”  (to the sources), encapsulated the Renaissance focus on returning to the original languages of scripture. This groundbreaking work laid the foundation for modern biblical scholarship and significantly influenced the Protestant Reformation . 1517:   Martin Luther’s 95 Theses Luther, a German monk, posted his theses in Wittenberg, challenging the sale of indulgences and sparking debate about Church practices. Luthor was excommunicated in 1521 and declared an outlaw. He found refuge under Frederick the Wise in Wartburg Castle, where he translated the New Testament  into German. Luther  used Erasmus’ 1519 Greek edition as the basis for his German New Testament translation (1522). Later editions of Erasmus’ Greek New Testament became the basis for the Textus Receptus , foundational for the King James Version (1611)  and other early Protestant Bibles. 1524: The KJV relied heavily on William Tyndale's English translation of the Bible. Tyndale used Erasmus' Textus Receptus. However, Tyndale did so without Church approval. This was highly controversial and was considered an act of heresy. Tyndale was eventually executed by Church authorities. When a cleric opposed Tyndale’s plans, he famously declared, "If God spare my life, ere many years I will cause a boy that driveth the plough shall know more of the Scripture than the Pope himself." His final words before his execution on October 1536 reportedly were, "Lord, open the King of England’s eyes." 1530:   Augsburg Confession Frustrated with the Catholic Church, Lutheran leaders presented a formal statement of faith to Emperor Charles V, solidifying Lutheranism as a distinct branch of Christianity. 1534: Henry VIII ’s Act of Supremacy  declared the king the head of the Church of England , separating it from Rome. (The beginning of the Anglican Church , from which the Americanized Episcopalian Church derived when it wanted to separate from the Church of England after the Revolution). 1536:   John Calvin’s Institutes of the Christian Religion Calvin published his foundational work on Reformed theology, emphasizing predestination and the sovereignty of God, sparking the adoption of Calvinism, which would develop into multiple sects of Christianity, including the Presbyterian Church, the Huguenots, and the Puritans. Calvinism encouraged education, literacy (to read the Bible), and disciplined work ethics, often linked to the rise of capitalism ( Protestant work ethic ). Scientific Discovery Nicolaus Copernicus  developed the heliocentric theory, proposing that the Earth revolves around the Sun ( De revolutionibus orbium coelestium , 1543 ). Copernicus was closely tied to the Catholic Church throughout his life, serving as a canon at the Frombork Cathedral  in Poland. Support for Scientific Inquiry: The Catholic Church encouraged the study of astronomy for practical purposes, such as calendar reform (e.g., the timing of Easter and observance of Holy Days). Copernicus' education in Church-supported institutions gave him access to classical texts and advanced astronomical tools. Philosophical Motivation: Copernicus’ religious worldview included a belief in an orderly universe created by God. His heliocentric model was partly inspired by a desire to simplify and clarify the complexities of the geocentric model, which he saw as inconsistent with the harmony of divine creation. Cautious Dissemination: Copernicus was aware that his heliocentric theory challenged the Ptolemaic system , which was deeply entrenched in both scientific and theological thought and traditions of the time. To avoid controversy, he delayed publishing his groundbreaking work, "De revolutionibus orbium coelestium" (On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres) , until the year of his death in 1543. Initial Acceptance: Copernicus’ ideas did not initially provoke widespread opposition. Many church scholars regarded his work as an academic exercise rather than a challenge to doctrine. Later Controversy: Decades after Copernicus’ death, his heliocentric theory faced greater scrutiny, particularly during the Galileo affair  in the 17th century, when it was deemed contrary to scripture by some church authorities. The Catholic Church  eventually placed "De revolutionibus"  on the Index of Forbidden Books in 1616, which occurred long after Copernicus' lifetime. Counter-Reformation and Religious Wars (1545–1648) 1545–1563:   Council of Trent The Catholic Church reaffirmed core doctrines and reformed practices in response to Protestant critiques. 1562–1598:   French Wars of Religion A series of conflicts between Catholics and Huguenots (French Protestants) ended with the Edict of Nantes , granting limited religious tolerance. 1572:   St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre Thousands of Huguenots were killed in Paris and across France, intensifying religious tensions. 1588:   Defeat of the Spanish Armada England, under Elizabeth I, solidified Protestant dominance by repelling Spain’s Catholic invasion fleet. 1618–1648:   Thirty Years’ War A devastating conflict in Central Europe between Catholic and Protestant states ended with the  Peace of Westphalia , which affirmed religious pluralism in the Holy Roman Empire. These wars contributed to the conditions that ultimately led to the French Revolution in 1789. Religious Persecution and the Journey to America Religious Turmoil in England: During the late 16th and early 17th centuries, England experienced significant religious strife following the English Reformation. The Church of England  (Anglican Church) was established under Henry VIII, separating from the Roman Catholic Church. Dissenters, including Puritans  and Separatists , rejected the Church of England’s practices, viewing them as too similar to Catholicism. They sought to "purify" the church or establish separate congregations. Persecution of Separatists: Separatists, a subgroup of Puritans, faced persecution for refusing to conform to Anglican worship. Laws mandated attendance at Anglican services, and dissenters could face fines, imprisonment, or worse. To escape persecution, a group of Separatists from Scrooby, England, fled to the Netherlands  in 1608, seeking religious freedom. Challenges in the Netherlands: While the Separatists enjoyed greater religious tolerance in the Netherlands, they faced economic hardships and cultural assimilation that threatened their community's identity. Concerned about their children losing their English heritage and the inability to sustain themselves economically, they decided to seek a new home in the Americas. The Mayflower Voyage (1620) Sponsorship and Planning: The group obtained funding from the Virginia Company , which granted them a charter to establish a colony in the New World. Originally planning to settle near the Hudson River within the Virginia Colony, their journey took them to Plymouth , outside the boundaries of the Virginia Company's jurisdiction. The Mayflower Compact: Before landing, the settlers drafted the Mayflower Compact , an agreement to form a self-governing community based on majority rule. This document laid the groundwork for democratic governance in the colonies. The Plymouth Settlement: The settlers, later known as the Pilgrims , arrived in December 1620 and established Plymouth Colony . They faced severe hardships, including harsh winters, disease, and food shortages, with nearly half of the settlers dying during the first year. Other Religious Groups: The Puritans  (distinct from Separatists) established the Massachusetts Bay Colony  in 1630 under the leadership of John Winthrop , seeking to create a "city upon a hill" as a model Christian community. The Quakers , Catholics , and other dissenting groups followed, each seeking refuge from persecution. Economic and Political Motives: While religion was a key motivator for many settlers, others were drawn by the promise of land, economic opportunity, and escape from European political instability. 1642–1651:   English Civil War : The conflict between King Charles I and Parliament led to the temporary abolition of the monarchy and the rise of  Oliver Cromwell . 1685:   Revocation of the Edict of Nantes : Louis XIV of France revokes the edict, forcing thousands of Huguenots (Protestants) to flee, weakening France economically and religiously. 1688:   Glorious Revolution : Following the overthrow of James II in England, William and Mary ascended the throne, strengthening constitutional monarchy and Protestantism. 1700–1776: Enlightenment and Early Revolutions 1715:   Death of Louis XIV : Marks the end of France’s "Sun King" era; his successors face increasing financial and social unrest. 1730–1750s:   First Great Awakening . A religious revival led by preachers like Jonathan Edwards  and George Whitefield  emphasizes personal conversion and evangelical fervor. 1756–1763:   Seven Years’ War : A global conflict involving European powers leaves Britain dominant in North America and India but strains European economies. Age of Enlightenment (18th Century): Philosophers like Voltaire , Rousseau , and Montesquieu  challenge traditional authority, promoting reason, liberty, and separation of powers. Enlightenment ideas influence political revolutions in Europe and America. 1775-1783:   American Revolution : Inspired by Enlightenment ideals, the U.S. Declaration of Independence sets a global example for liberty and self-governance. 1776–1800: Post-Revolutionary America 1787:  Adoption of the U.S. Constitution . The First Amendment  guarantees freedom of religion, separating church and state. 1790s:   Second Great Awakening  begins. A wave of religious revival sweeps across the United States, promoting evangelicalism and new religious movements. 1791:   Bill of Rights  ratified. Solidifies the protection of religious freedoms in the U.S. 1776–1800: French Revolution and the Rise of Napoleon 1789:   French Revolution Begins : Triggered by economic crises, social inequality, and Enlightenment ideas. Key events: Storming of the Bastille . Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen . Revolution abolishes the monarchy and establishes a republic. 1793–1794:   Reign of Terror : Radical revolutionaries, led by Robespierre , executed thousands, including King Louis XVI  and Marie Antoinette . Ends with Robespierre’s fall. 1799:   Napoleon Bonaparte’s Coup : Napoleon seizes power, becoming First Consul  and effectively ending the revolutionary period. 1798–1799:   Egyptian Campaign : Napoleon invades Egypt , aiming to weaken British influence and assert French dominance. Though militarily unsuccessful, the campaign sparks European fascination with ancient Egypt. French scholars accompanying Napoleon document monuments and cultural treasures, founding modern Egyptology . 1799:   Discovery of the Rosetta Stone : French soldiers uncover the Rosetta Stone  near the town of Rosetta (Rashid). The trilingual inscription (Greek, Demotic, and Hieroglyphic) enabled scholars, including Jean-François Champollion , to decipher Egyptian hieroglyphs in 1822. Cultural and Archaeological Awakening : Napoleon’s Egyptian expedition and the discovery of the Rosetta Stone reawaken European interest in ancient history. Archaeology transitions from treasure hunting to a systematic study of ancient civilizations. 1800–1820: Prelude to the Restoration 1801:   Cane Ridge Revival . A massive camp meeting in Kentucky highlights the fervor of the Second Great Awakening. 1804:   Napoleon Becomes Emperor : Crowns himself Emperor of the French , centralizing power and initiating reforms. 1805:   Joseph Smith Jr. was born . Born on December 23 in Sharon, Vermont, into a deeply religious environment. War of 1812: conflict between the United States  and Great Britain  driven by unresolved tensions from the American Revolution, maritime disputes, and territorial ambitions. It is sometimes called the "Second War of Independence" because it solidified America's sovereignty and economic independence. Following this war, the period was marked by a sense of national unity and political harmony. However, tensions over slavery and economic policies were beginning to emerge (The  Missouri Compromise  of 1820 admitted  Missouri  as a slave state and  Maine  as a free state. It Prohibited slavery north of the 36°30′ latitude line in the Louisiana Territory, except for Missouri.) 1803: Louisiana Purchase and Westward Expansion. 1803–1815:   Napoleonic Wars : Napoleon’s campaigns spread revolutionary ideals across Europe but provoked resistance. Major defeats, such as the Battle of Leipzig (1813)  and Waterloo (1815) , ended his dominance. 1816:   The Year Without a Summer . Caused by a volcanic eruption, crop failures led the Smith family to relocate to Palmyra, New York. 1817: James Monroe elected President 1819:  Revival in the "Burned-over District." Western New York becomes a center of intense religious revivalism, influencing young Joseph Smith. 1820:   Joseph Smith’s First Vision . Joseph seeks guidance in prayer and reports a vision of God the Father and Jesus Christ, marking the beginning of the Restoration movement.

CFM : December 30–January 5: Intro  Videos, Podcasts, & Weekly Lesson Material Media ​Lesson Extension BYU RSC Library The Restoration The Divine Mission of the Prophet Joseph Smith The Impact of the Doctrinal Restoration Come Follow Church History with Lynne Hilton Wilson The Restoration Week 1 Come Follow Me Scott Woodward & Casey Griffiths The Restoration Lesson 1 Intro Come Follow Up The Restoration Don't Miss This The Restoration Follow Him The Restoration Part 1 Dr. Tyler Griffin Part 2 Dr Tyler Griffin Transcripts Grounded with Barbara Morgan The Restoration Episode 1 Hurricane Adult Religion Class The Restoration Video: Intro Website Latter Day Kids The Restoration The First Vision Line Upon Line The Restoration (videos start next week) Our Mother's Knew It not posted yet Saving Talents The Restoration   Scripture Study Central The Restoration Scripture Explorers The Restoration Scripture Gems The Restoration (starts next week) Scripture Insights The Restoration Talking Scripture The Restoration Notes The Interpreter Foundation The Restoration John Claybaugh Commentary Interpreter Radio Show — December 8, 2024, including Doctrine & Covenants in Context for The Restoration “What Is the Restoration?” with Patrick Q. Mason Come, Follow Me  Study and Teaching Helps — Lesson 1: D&C 1 “How long can rolling waters remain impure?”: Literary Aspects of the Doctrine and Covenants Interpreter Radio Show — March 18, 2018 Scripture Roundtable: D&C Gospel Doctrine Lesson 1, Introduction to the Doctrine and Covenants and Church History Scripture Roundtable: D&C Gospel Doctrine Lesson 41, "Every Member a Missionary" Scripture Roundtable: D&C Gospel Doctrine Lesson 42, Continuing Revelation to Latter-day Prophets Scripture Roundtable: D&C Gospel Doctrine Lesson 1 (2013) The Red Crystal The Restoration Printables for Kids The Scriptures are Real The Restoration (not yet posted) Unshaken The Restoration Scripture Study Skills Resources and Insights for this Week's Lesson   Welcome to a New Year, as we begin our journey into the Doctrine & Covenants. To be honest, this is going to be a learning year for me, as my knowledge of early Church History is somewhat limited, but I am excited to learn. This week, we begin our journey into the Restoration as recorded in the Doctrine & Covenants. The Restoration  in the context of LDS Church history refers to the re-establishment of the fullness of the gospel of Jesus Christ on the earth, including the priesthood authority, covenants, ordinances, and truths necessary for salvation. This process began with the First Vision of Joseph Smith in 1820 and includes key events such as the translation of the Book of Mormon, the restoration of priesthood authority through angelic visitations, and the establishment of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in 1830. Etymology of the Word "Restoration" The term "restoration" derives from the Latin root "restaurare" , meaning "to rebuild, renew, or restore." Breaking it down further: Re- : A prefix meaning "again" or "back." Staurare : From Latin, meaning "to build, erect, or establish." -ation : A suffix denoting the action or process of something. In this sense, "restoration" implies the action of bringing something back to its original state or condition. Ancient Linguistic Perspectives From an ancient linguistic perspective, particularly in Hebrew, the components of the word "restoration" reveal layered meaning. For example: Resh (ר) : The Hebrew letter "resh" is often associated with the head or beginning, indicating a return to origins. Torah (תּוֹרָה) : Refers to divine instruction or law. -ation (Action) : While not a Hebrew suffix, its implication of a dynamic and active process adds an added temporal dimension. Thus, one could interpret "restoration" as "the process of returning to the beginning of the Law or divine instruction."  This concept aligns with LDS theology, which teaches that the Restoration is about restoring not only ancient truths but also the authority and practices established by God from the beginning of humanity. Significance to Latter-day Saints The Restoration is deeply significant to members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints because it embodies the fulfillment of prophecy and the renewal of direct communication with God. Some key reasons why the concept of restoration resonates include: Fulfillment of Biblical Prophecies : Ancient prophets, such as Isaiah and Peter, spoke of a "restitution of all things" (Acts 3:21). We believe this refers to the Restoration of the gospel in the latter days. Reconnection to Divine Law : The Restoration is seen as a return to the pure and unaltered principles of God's law, as taught in the scriptures and through Jesus Christ, along with the sacred covenants and ordinances needed for salvation. Restoration of Authority : Through angelic visitations, the priesthood authority lost after the Apostolic Age was restored to Joseph Smith, enabling valid ordinances such as baptism, the gift of the Holy Ghost, and temple ordinances. Universal Relevance : The Restoration is not just a localized or denominational event but a cosmic renewal of divine truths meant to bless all humanity. It aligns with the idea of preparing the earth for the Second Coming of Christ. Covenantal Return : Restoration calls humanity to return to their covenantal relationship with God, symbolized in the temple and other ordinances that were practiced in ancient Israel. Symbolic and Spiritual Implications The idea of "returning to the beginning of the Law" resonates deeply in LDS thought. For example: The Book of Mormon : Restores knowledge of Christ’s teachings in their purity and connects modern disciples to ancient covenants. Temples : Represent a return to Eden, a sacred space where humans commune with God and learn divine law. Doctrine and Covenants : Provides modern revelation to guide believers in living God's law in contemporary times. In fact, if we were to translate Doctrine and Covenants into Hebrew, it would be "תּוֹרָה וּבְרִיתוֹת" (Torah U'Britot). This is a return to the ancient Torah that was given to Moses on Siani. In essence, the Restoration is not merely about recovering lost truths but is an ongoing, living process of bringing individuals and the world closer to their divine origin, heritage, and destiny. This resonates with the Hebrew understanding of repentance and renewal, often seen as a cyclical return to God and His eternal law Additional Resources: In this week's material, several videos are available to get us started on the right foot: The Restoration of the Fulness of the Gospel of Jesus Christ About the Doctrine and Covenants The Great Apostasy Overview of Church History