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Unpacking Doctrine & Covenants 29 Layer by Layer: A Deep Dive Roadmap Doctrine and Covenants 29 is one of the most symbolically rich and doctrinally profound revelations of the early Restoration. To truly grasp its depth, we must move beyond a surface reading and carefully peel back its layers , one step at a time. The Lord’s prophecies often unfold in ways that defy human assumptions. While many interpretations and theories circulate regarding how these events will come to pass, we must approach them with spiritual humility and thoughtful consideration. Remember: the Jews long anticipated the coming of the Messiah, yet many did not recognize Him because His coming did not align with their expectations. The Savior Himself warns, “I come as a thief in the night.” Unless we are spiritually attuned, we, too, risk overlooking the signs of His return. Before we begin exploring the key segments of this revelation, let us first establish a clear interpretive framework—a spiritual roadmap that will help us navigate its symbols, warnings, promises, and eternal patterns with greater insight and faith. Foundational Tools & Concepts Key Terms Eschatology Eschatology is the branch of theology concerned with the "last things" or the end times — including doctrines surrounding death, judgment, resurrection, the Second Coming, the Millennium, and the final destiny of humanity. Word Study εσχατολογία (Eschatology): ἐσχατος ( eschatos ) — "last," "final," "farthest," "ultimate"Describes a series of organized patterns that Appear in succession throughout the New Testament: Mat 20:16  — "So the last shall be first, and the first last." John 7:37  — "In the last day, that great day of the feast..." λογία (-logia) from λόγος ( logos ) — "word," "study," "discourse." Thus, eschatology = "the study of last things." Biblical Use of Eschatos in Eschatological Contexts: 2 Timothy 3:1  — "In the last days perilous times shall come." Hebrews 1:2   — "Hath in these last days spoken unto us by His Son..." James 5:3 — "Ye have heaped treasure together for the last days." 1 Corinthians 15:52  — "At the last trump..." John 6:39–40, 44, 54  — "I will raise him up at the last day." Revelation 🔍 Word Study:  Apocalypse —"Revelation" Greek: ἀποκάλυψις ( apokálypsis ) — "unveiling," "disclosure," or " removal of a veil ." From apo  ("from," "separation," "away") + kalyptō  ("cover"). This is the name for the Book of Revelation in Greek. Hebrew: גָלָה (galah) — "to uncover," "to reveal," or "to make known." These terms emphasize that Revelation is not invention, but a divine revealing of things already prepared but previously hidden . Apocalyptic Literature Unveiling Symbolic Truths Apocalyptic literature is a prophetic genre that uses symbolic imagery, divine messengers, and visions  to reveal God's plan during times of crisis, persecution, or cosmic transformation. Examples of Jewish Apocalyptic Texts: Daniel — beasts, thrones, judgment, and resurrection Ezekiel — throne vision, dry bones, temple Isaiah — upheaval and messianic reign Zechariah — symbolic horses, angelic guides 1 Enoch, 4 Ezra, 2 Baruch — heavenly visions and judgment Dead Sea Scrolls (Qumran) — end-time war scrolls and priestly revelations These writings are layered, veiled, and deeply rooted in covenant language . Frequently they include Garden of Eden Motifs, Temple Imagery, Throne Theophany, and so forth . Jewish Apocalyptic and Eschatological Literature In Jewish tradition, eschatology was often interwoven with apocalyptic literature, reflecting themes such as: The coming of the Messiah The resurrection of the dead The Day of the Lord Final judgment and reward Restoration of Israel Books like Daniel, Isaiah, Enoch, 2 Baruch, and the Dead Sea Scrolls all reflect these themes—sometimes symbolically, sometimes explicitly. Christian Eschatology In Christianity, eschatology centers on: The Second Coming of Christ The resurrection of the dead The Millennium Final judgment The creation of a new heaven and new earth In Latter-day Saint theology , this is further expanded by: The gathering of Israel The return of Zion The descent of the City of Enoch The judgment of the twelve tribes The end of the telestial world and the ushering in of celestial glory Why Was Apocalyptic Literature Written, and Who was its Audience? Most apocalyptic texts were composed during times of intense oppression or suffering , offering hope that God would soon intervene. These texts encoded divine messages in symbolic "code language" , much like parables, so only the spiritually prepared could perceive the true message. "To you it is given to know the mysteries of the kingdom of God: but to others in parables..." — Luke 8:10 Symbolism as Covenant Code Apocalyptic texts are filled with: Numbers with symbolic meaning (e.g. 3, 7, 12, 40) Temple imagery and priesthood references Cosmic geography (heavens, earth, sea, abyss) Visual metaphors (beasts, trumpets, thrones, fire, etc.) Tools Context Understanding these symbols requires  familiarity with the Law of Moses, Temple Ordinances, the Feasts of Israel, Covenant Patterns, Language, Culture, & History . This is especially true for D&C 29 , which follows the apocalyptic tradition  with: A gathering of the elect Plagues and judgments Resurrection and millennial reign Final separation of righteous and wicked The Language of Symbolism Understanding Scriptural Symbolism 7 Key Points  to Remember: ( “Glory, and Power, Be unto … the Lamb for Ever” ) Do the Scriptures provide an interpretation? Do the writings of the Prophets  (past and present) help us interpret the symbolic imagery? Use study aids  that are available such as the Topical Guide, Dictionary, Maps, etc. (Concordances, Lexicons, Almanacs, Encyclopedias, Timelines... to help put things into linguistic, historic, and cultural perspective and context.) Allow the nature of the symbol  teach you. Listen to the promptings of the Spirit . Balance the interpretation of symbolism with other revelation and gospel knowledge. One of the most important tip s, is to fit the interpretation of any symbol into the overall scheme of gospel knowledge. No matter how clever, or how logical, or how ingenious our interpretation of a particular symbol may be, if it contradicts what is revealed in other places, we can assume it is wrong. (This can also help you learn to detect misinterpretations and counterfeits “All Things Must Be Done in Order.” ) Opposition in all things : Symbols are not good or bad, they are inherently neutral .  They represent a spectrum  of ideas along a similar vein that can be used and interpreted in a number of different ways. Inherent within the symbol itself one can see the forces of  dichotomy  at work. Context is essential , this will helps one to clarify the way in which a symbol is being used within a particular situation. PRDS (Paradise) Framework To study Jewish apocalyptic and eschatological scripture, we need to look at it from a Jewish perspective. 2 Nephi 25:2 Yea, and my soul delighteth in the words of Isaiah , for I came out from Jerusalem, and mine eyes hath beheld the things of the Jews , and I know that the Jews do understand the things of the prophets, and there is none other people that understand the things which were spoken unto the Jews like unto them, save it be that they are taught after the manner of the things of the Jews.... 8 ...they shall be of great worth unto them in the last days ; for in that day shall they understand them; wherefore, for their good have I written them. The Jewish interpretive model: PRDS (PaRDeS) can help us to better understand these texts. Level Hebrew Meaning P Peshat Simple, literal meaning, historical narrative & context R Remez Allegorical, symbolic hints D Derash Moral or homiletic interpretation, Language Word Studies, Poetic Patterns S Sod Mystical or hidden (spiritual) meaning This model treats scripture as an orchard of spiritual discovery, inviting us to: Ask questions Look for patterns Uncover deeper meanings Think Jacob 5 See more : 🔗  The Rise of the Church of Christ – CFM Corner ku Chapter Outline Theme & Description 1- Verses 1-8: Gathering of the Elect   2- Verses 9-11: The Second Coming and Millennium   3- Verses 12-13: The Twelve Apostles as Judges   4- Verses 14-21: Signs and Plagues Before the Coming   5- Verses 22- 28: Resurrection and Final Judgment   6- Verses 29-35: All Things Are Spiritual   7- Verses 36-39: The Fall of Lucifer and the Necessity of Opposition 8- Verses 40-45: The Fall of Adam and the Probationary State   9- Verses 46-50: Little Children and the Unaccountable Redeemed   Diving In Section 29 is essentially a modern-day apocalypse. It reflects the same symbols, warnings, and hope seen in the writing of Isaiah, Ezekiel, and John the Revelator, and others. To fully understand these texts, we must: Learn to recognize patterns and symbols  within the text. Understand the historical and prophetic context  in which it was revealed. Connect it to other apocalyptic writings  (e.g., Revelation, Daniel). Consider its relevance in the past, today, and how it will yet be fulfilled . Now that we've prepared our interpretive tools and established key concepts, we’re ready to begin our deep dive into D&C 29—segment by segment. Let’s see if we can uncover some of what the Lord is unveiling. Segment 1: Doctrine & Covenants 29:1–8 — The Gathering of the Elect 🔍 Summary & Commentary In these opening verses, the Lord introduces Himself with titles of profound authority and comfort— Redeemer, the Great I AM, and Advocate —inviting trust in His divine role and reassuring His people of His presence and purpose. He compares His desire to gather His people to a hen gathering her chicks , a profoundly symbolic image conveying protection, covenant belonging, and tender intimacy. This imagery echoes familiar scriptural parallels in Matthew 23:37  and 3 Nephi 10:4–6 , but it also resonates with an intriguing tradition still observed today during Yom Kippur —"Day of Atonement." In Orthodox tradition, Jews worldwide offer a chicken, or its equivalent cost, as a charitable contribution in observance of the holiday. Remarkably, this revelation was received on September 26, 1830 , corresponding with Erev Yom Kippur. Could this timing be coincidental? Or was the Savior trying to teach us something, reminding us of this ancient parable, inviting us to see the broader covenantal story unfold in the modern day? In this revelatory moment, the Lord forgives the sins of those present, commissions them to proclaim His gospel with joy, and promises power through united prayer. Most importantly, He calls them to participate in the gathering of His elect —a theme that echoes throughout the Doctrine and Covenants and is central to the mission of the Restoration. 🌈 Key Themes Divine identity and mercy of Jesus Christ Forgiveness and joyful calling to serve The role of the elect and gathering of Israel Unity in prayer and spiritual preparation 🌐 Word Studies & Language Insights “ Redeemer ” – v.1 Hebrew: גֹּאֶל ( go’el ) – A kinsman-redeemer, one who buys back or delivers (e.g., Ruth 4:4–6 ; Job 19:25 ) Signifies legal responsibility and familial loyalty—Christ redeems not only as a Savior but as a covenantal kin. “ I AM (That I AM) ” – v.1 Hebrew: אֶהְיֵה אֲשֶׁר אֶהְיֵה (’ Ehyeh  ’ Asher  Ehyeh: Exodus 3:14 ) Often translated “I Am That I Am,” a more precise rendering is: “I will be who I will be.” Ehyeh expresses continuous presence, emphasizing God's dynamic, living, and ever-present identity.  He is not just the I AM in the abstract; He is continually with us, and He will be who we need him to be: at all times, in all places, and in all things.  John 8:58 : Jesus declares, “Before Abraham was, I AM”—linking Himself to YHWH (Yahweh) In John 8:58 , Jesus boldly declares, “Before Abraham was, I AM,”  directly linking Himself to the divine name YHWH (Yahweh) —the sacred title revealed to Moses in Exodus 3:14. In Jewish linguistic tradition, the Hebrew verb הָיָה ( hâyâh ) , meaning “to be,” is rarely used in the first-person present tense  (“I am”) or in the third-person causative  form YHWH , meaning “He causes to exist” or “The Self-Existent One.” This intentional avoidance is intended to reflect a deep reverence for the divine name and its sacred use. In modern English, this name is often rendered as Jehovah , though this pronunciation is historically anachronistic. The letter J  and its [dʒ] sound (as in "judge") did not exist in ancient times. The original Hebrew letter Yod  produced a “y”  sound, later transliterated into Greek as iota  and into Latin as “I”  (or “Jot,” pronounced “yot”). The familiar “Jehovah” pronunciation didn’t emerge until the 16th century A.D. , making it a relatively late adaptation. This linguistic journey is more than a historical footnote—it reminds us of the sacredness and mystery surrounding God’s revealed name, and why Christ’s use of “I AM”  was so shocking and unmistakably divine to His Jewish audience.  Revelation 1:8  – “I am Alpha and Omega... which is, and which was, and which is to come.”  “Gather as a hen”  – v.2 Hebrew: כָּנָף ( kanaph ) – "wing," "covering," or "canopy"; associated with divine protection and refuge ( Exo 19:4 , Exo 25:20 ) Psalm 91:4 : “He shall cover thee with his feathers, and under his wings shalt thou trust.” In Judaism, the tallit  (prayer shawl) has wings, representing spiritual refuge and covenant covering. ( Psalms 36:7-11 , Finding Refuge Under His Wings ) “Trump”  – v.4 Hebrew “ shofar ” (שׁוֹפָר)  – A ram's horn, used to: Signal war  or assembly  ( Num. 10:9 ) Announce jubilee and freedom  ( Lev. 25:9 ) Precede divine manifestation  ( Ex. 19:16, 19 ) Call to repentance  and warning  ( Joel 2:1 ) Greek: σάλπιγξ (salpigx) – a loud trumpet blast used for summoning, often symbolic of divine announcements, including the resurrection ( 1 Thessalonians 4:16 , 1 Cor. 15:52 ) Scriptural echoes: Exodus 19:16–19  (Mount Sinai, שׁוֹפָר  shôwphâr ); Revelation 8–11  (seven trumpets) Notice how many times the Lord repeats this theme in just this and next week's lesson material. Key Verses in D&C 29–36: Reference Phrase Theme & Symbolism D&C 29:4 “with the sound of rejoicing, as with the voice of a trump ” The trump heralds gathering , joy , and the divine commission . D&C 29:13 “a trump shall sound … even as upon Mount Sinai” Echoes Exodus 19 , covenantal imagery, divine theophany, resurrection  motif. D&C 30:9 “as with the voice of a trump” The call to preach with boldness , like the shofar  in Israel's assemblies. D&C 33:2 “ lift up your voices as with the sound of a trump ” Echoes Joel 2 , calling to repentance and gathering . D&C 33:6 “the field is white... last time I shall call laborers” Eleventh-hour call; urgency marked by trumpet voice . D&C 34:6 “ lift up your voice … both long and loud” Trump language—bold, prophetic witness of the Second Coming . D&C 36:1 “preach my gospel as with the voice of a trump ” Evangelism empowered by the Holy Ghost , a New Testament trumpet echo. “United in prayer”  – v.6 This echoes Matthew 18:19–20 : “Where two or three are gathered...” Emphasizes the power of communal intercession and harmony of will with the Father. “Elect”  – v.7 Greek: ἐκλεκτοί ( eklektoi ) – “chosen, selected,” indicating those who hear, recognize, and follow the voice ( φωνῆς , Phones ) of the Shepherd ( John 10:27 ) Not elitism, but covenant identity grounded in agency and humility. 🖊️ Scriptural Cross-References Matthew 23:37  / 3 Nephi 10:4–6  – Christ as a hen gathering her children Revelation 1:8  – "I am Alpha and Omega" Isaiah 53:1  / Psalm 91:4  – Protective wings and divine covering Exodus 19:16–19  – Trumpets at Sinai John 10:27  – "My sheep hear my voice" 1 Thessalonians 4:16  – The trump of God and resurrection 📅 Conference & Commentary Resources President Russell M. Nelson, “ Let God Prevail ” (Oct. 2020) – On the modern gathering of Israel Elder Jeffrey R. Holland, “ The Cost—and Blessings—of Discipleship ” (April 2014) – Commentary on the hen metaphor and divine mercy 🧠 Reflection & Application What does it mean for Christ to gather you “as a hen gathers her chickens”? Where in your life do you need that kind of divine covering or protection? What does it mean to you that God defines Himself as “I AM”? How does Ehyeh Asher Ehyeh shape your understanding of Christ’s eternal role? What does it mean to you personally that Christ identifies as Goel, Redeemer, and the Great I AM? Where in your life do you most need the assurance that "I AM is with you"? How can we live in greater awareness that God is not only "being" but "becoming with us"? How can you participate in the gathering of the elect today? Is there someone in your life the Lord is preparing for you to reach? What role does united prayer play in your spiritual preparation and community building? How do you respond to the Lord’s voice—His "phone" call in your life? Are there distractions preventing you from hearing Him more clearly? What do you think the Lord is trying to teach us using a trumpet as a symbol ( 1 Corinthians 14:6-15 )? Segment 2: Doctrine & Covenants 29:9–11 – The Coming of Christ and the Millennial Reign The Righteous Shall Stand – The Refining Fire of His Glory “For the hour is nigh and the day soon at hand when the earth is ripe... I will reveal myself from heaven with power and great glory, with all the hosts thereof, and dwell in righteousness with men on earth a thousand years...” (D&C 29:9–11) Overview & Commentary These verses describe the momentous return of Jesus Christ in power, glory, and judgment. His arrival is likened to a refining fire—both devastating to the wicked and purifying to the righteous. The wicked are “burned as stubble” ( Malachi 4:1 ), but the righteous are preserved and exalted, able to “stand” in His presence and dwell with Him during the Millennium. This powerful contrast highlights one of the most enduring symbols of divine testing and triumph: The Refiner’s Fire. Refiner’s Fire – Symbol of Purification “He is like a refiner’s fire, and like fuller’s soap.” – Malachi 3:2 The imagery of the refiner’s fire is essential to understanding the Lord’s work of sanctifying His people. It evokes a process of exposure to intense heat, whereby precious metals are purified— impurities are burned away, and only what is pure remains. This fire is not meant to destroy the righteous—it is intended to refine them, to reveal their true worth, and to prepare them to stand in glory. Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego ( Daniel 3 ) This principle is powerfully illustrated in the story of Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego, who were cast into the fiery furnace by King Nebuchadnezzar for refusing to worship a golden image. The furnace was heated seven times hotter than normal, but instead of being consumed, the three young men were preserved, and a fourth figure appeared with them “like unto the Son of God.” Key Symbolism: The furnace  = the trials of the last days The fire  = God's refining presence The fourth figure  = Christ with His people in the midst of tribulation Their story teaches that the righteous can pass through the fire and not be harmed—because Christ walks with them . In the same way, the righteous in the last days will be preserved through the burning, through the shaking, and through the desolation, because they are “gathered under His wings” (D&C 29:2). Key Hebrew & Greek Word Studies Phrase Word Meaning "The hour is nigh" Šāʿâ  (שָׁעָה) / Hōra  (ὥρα) / engys  (ἐγγύς) Hour, brief moment; approaching swiftly; often used in apocalyptic timeframes "The earth is ripe" trugao  (τρυγάω) / Bikûrâ  (בַּכֻּרָה) / Mᵉlêʼâh  (מְלֵאָה) Harvest-ready; first fruits; fullness or maturity "Burn them up" saraph  (שָׂרַף) To consume with fire, purify; ( Seraphim   Isaiah 6 ) "Refiner’s fire" tsaraph  (צָרַף) To smelt, test, refine, or purify like silver Cross-References Malachi 3:2–3  – Who shall stand when He appeareth? For He is like a refiner’s fire. Malachi 4:1–2  – The day cometh that shall burn as an oven. Daniel 3:23–25   – Christ walks with the faithful in the fire. 1 Peter 1:7  – “The trial of your faith, being much more precious than of gold... tried with fire.” Isaiah 43:2  – “When thou walkest through the fire, thou shalt not be burned.” D&C 133:41  – He shall sanctify by fire those who are prepared. Temple & Priestly Connections Fire was anciently required for sacrifice. The altar of burnt offering in the ancient tabernacle constantly burned as a symbol of sanctification. The presence of God in the tabernacle and temple was often accompanied by fire and smoke. In the last days, the Lord's fire purifies not just individuals—but the whole earth, preparing it to be the Millennial temple where He will dwell with His people. Reflection Questions How do I understand “fire” in my life—as destruction or purification? What does the story of Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego teach me about standing firm under pressure? How can I be spiritually prepared to endure the “heat” of last days trials with peace and confidence? In what ways has Christ already walked with me through my personal “furnaces,” and in what ways is He walking with me now? Segment 3: D&C 29:12–13 – The Twelve Apostles and the Final Judgment Sentinels of Time – The Divine Clock and the Council of Twelve “...mine apostles, the Twelve which were with me in my ministry at Jerusalem, shall stand at my right hand at the day of my coming in a pillar of fire... to judge the whole house of Israel.”  ( D&C 29:12 ) Clock Imagery and Symbolism This passage invites us to envision the cosmos as a divine timepiece, steadily advancing toward the culmination of the Lord’s work—the Second Coming and final judgment. The Twelve Apostles, restored and exalted, stand as eternal witnesses and judges, like sentinels placed at each hour on a sacred, celestial clock. Why Twelve? The number twelve represents divine governance and wholeness: 12 Tribes of Israel 12 Apostles 12 Stones on the High Priest’s Breastplate 12 Gates of the Heavenly City ( Revelation 21:12 ) 12 Hours of Day/Night 12 Months in a Year (Jewish Calendar) 12 Chromatic Pitches / 12 Divisions of Light (Color Wheel) The Cosmic Clock – A Divine Chiasmus of Time Consider the Twelve Apostles standing in a symbolic circle—like numbers on a clock. Within that Circle, these leaders govern the 12 houses, or Tribes of Israel. In this imagery, we see the concept of a wheel within a wheel ( גַּלְגַּל galgal ) , like Ezekiel describes, a body of 24 Elders, like John describes, in their respective Thephonic Experiences. Each “hour” reflects a phase of prophetic time, a night and a day, divine pattern of organization that was established from the very beginning of Creation ( Genesis 1:5 ). Their robes and crowns symbolize priestly, kingly, and prophetic power, magnified in a pillar of fire —a divine vibrational axis resonating through space and time. “...in a pillar of fire, being clothed with robes of righteousness, with crowns upon their heads, in glory even as I am.”  (v. 12) ( Matt. 19:28 ) These apostles are not merely passive figures—they are transfigured beings , exalted agents of Christ, administering final judgment  as promised in Matthew 19:28: “Ye also shall sit upon twelve thrones, judging the twelve tribes of Israel.” Word Studies & Symbolic Phrases Phrase Language Word Meaning "Pillar of Fire" Hebrew עמוד   אש  ( amud esh ) Symbol of divine presence ( Exodus 13:21 ) "Robes of Righteousness" Hebrew בגדי ־ צדק  ( bigdei tzedek ) Garments of purity, priesthood and royalty ( Isaiah 61:10 ) "Crowns" Greek עֲטָרָה ( ʻăṭârâh ) στέφανος  ( stephanos ) Crown of victory and authority through righteousness "Judge the house of Israel" Greek שָׁפַט  shâphaṭ ,   κρίνω ( krinō ) To separate, discern, and execute justice, judge, rule Cross-References Revelation 4:4  – 24 elders clothed in white with crowns around the throne Matthew 19:28  – Apostles promised thrones to judge the 12 tribes D&C 132:19  – Exalted receive thrones, dominions, and principalities Zechariah 14:5  – “...and all the saints with thee” Patterns of Sound and the Pillars of Light Can we see symbolic parallels between these principles of time, light, and tonal harmony? The Circle of Fifths: A Map of Harmony Symbolic Layer Representation 12 Keys 12 Apostles, 12 Tribes, 12 Hours (24 with a day and a night), 12 Chromatic Pitches, 12 Months, 12 Divisions of Light Major Keys Celestial Order – Joy, Power, Clarity Minor Keys Various Degrees of glory depending on the keys they possess – outlines the Mortal Experience, along different stages of progression – more on this later. 24 Total 24 Elders – Divine Governance Each key within the circle modulates and resolves into another, working together in harmony, like the dispensations of time in a grand, divine musical progression. Sound and Light: Complementary Languages that Testify of Jesus Christ and His Atonement. And God Said (sound) , let there be Light.  I AM the Light of the World. Sound and color are both vibrational phenomena that operate according to the natural Laws of Physics. In a previous lesson, we explored how these laws can be applied to a musical parable that testifies of Jesus Christ and His Atonement (Learn of Me) . Worship as Resonance “Lift up your voice” ( Isaiah 58 ) “Sing a new song” ( Psalm 98 ) “Let everything that hath breath praise the Lord” ( Psalm 150 ) Righteousness aligns us to the divine frequencies of God's voice—as we tune in to Hear Him, we feel the Master's touch, and become instruments in His hands. Reflection Questions What “hour” are we in spiritually? Am I aligned with God’s clock? How can I stand as a sentinel of truth like the Twelve? How does sacred music, color, and light help me attune to divine revelation? What personal “trumpet call” is God sounding in my life? How do I harmonize with heaven and tune my life to the will of Christ? Segment 4: D&C 29:14 – 21 – Signs and Plagues Before the Coming Prelude to Glory – The Unraveling Before the Renewal “Before this great day shall come, the sun shall be darkened, and the moon shall be turned into blood, and the stars shall fall from heaven…”  — D&C 29:14 🔍 Summary & Commentary This section marks a climactic turning point in D&C 29, revealing a rich tapestry of eschatological symbols: the darkened sun, blood-red moon, fallen stars, plagues, hail, and corruption. These are not arbitrary or purely destructive images—they serve as divine signals  of an impending transformation. The world is being dismantled, restructured, and purified to prepare for the Lord’s return. These verses echo apocalyptic warnings from Joel, Isaiah, Revelation, and Matthew 24 —pointing to cosmic imbalance, societal collapse, and spiritual reckoning. But this unraveling also represents an invitation. The Creator is calling the world back to harmony—cleansing, retuning, and refining both individuals and nations, as the “symphony of the Second Coming” approaches its grand crescendo. Layer 1: Sun, Moon, and Stars – Signs of Distress & Eternal Structure In this apocalyptic imagery, the sun, moon, and stars  symbolize cosmic order,  balance, and a metaphor for the heavenly hierarchy.  In this context, a description of cosmic upheaval  and distress is described: Element D&C 76 Correlation Symbolic Meaning Sun Celestial Kingdom Full light, glory of God, the presence of Christ. Those who have received the authority and ability to harness and use His power dwell here. Moon Terrestrial Kingdom Reflected light.  The root Terra also refers to Earth. The earth represents a testing ground where good people can learn to reflect the light of Christ.  Stars Telestial Kingdom Distant light, the prefix tele- , as in telescope, means far away.  Those who reject the power of God and the fullness of His gospel distance themselves from the power of His light. These heavenly bodies are visible manifestations  of the respective degrees of glory . As they darken, bleed, and fall , this represents a cosmic shift within the divine order, carrying with it natural consequences of the law, including judgment, transformation, destruction, and upheaval.  It is only through the Atonement of Jesus Christ that divine harmony can once again be restored, and the cosmos can return to a state of balance. From this perspective: The Sun can be likened to our Celestial Home , and our Heavenly Family . The moon can be likened to Jesus Christ who reflected the light and will of the Father in coming to Earth,  bleeding to answer for the demands of Justice to redeem Mankind from sin and death. The stars can be likened to Adam, mankind , who fell, but who, through the grace of God and His Atonement can find their way home again. Plague Word Studies & Symbolism Many of the words and symbols in this section mirror patterns found in the Exodus story—a sacred journey the early Saints would soon echo in their own pilgrimage to Zion. These themes are not confined to history; they are essential lessons in every disciple’s path of refinement. Each of us is invited to cast off the idols and impurities that dull our spiritual hearing, that we might learn to walk more closely with the Lord in our own wilderness journeys. Symbolic correlations are outlined in a Passover Haggadah that I shared previously in our In Remembrance Lesson . ( Sacred Times & Places ) Phrase Hebrew / Greek Root Meaning / Symbol “Darkened”  (v.14) Hebrew: חָשַׁךְ ( chashak ) To obscure light; withdraw truth or presence “Blood”  (v.14) Hebrew: דָּם ( dam ) / Greek: αἷμα ( haima ) Symbol of life, covenant, judgment, sacrifice “Fall from heaven”  (v.14) Hebrew: נָפַל  ( nâphal ) / Greek: πίπτω ( piptō ) Collapse of order; judgment upon prideful powers “Flies and maggots”  (v.18) Echo of Egyptian plagues Symbolic of decay, corruption, unchecked sin “Vengeance”  (v.17) Greek: ἐκδίκησις ( ekdikēsis ) Righteous justice—not revenge, but covenant accountability Layer 2: The Circle of Fifths – Musical Scales & Modes as a Reflective Mirror In music theory, keys, modes, and scales express different emotional “glories” or qualities . Just as the sun, moon, and stars differ in light and intensity , music conveys different degrees of brightness and depth  through the various diatonic scales and modes .  Just as there were 7 days of Creation ( Genesis 1 ), there are 7 notes of the Musical scale , both cycles repeat at the octave. This is not a coincidence, many ancient musicologists acknowledged these connections, although most people today have forgotten these roots and its history. Regardless, once we know its there, and we know what we are looking for, we can observe that these ancient concepts are deeply imbedded into the liturgical traditions of many religious branches (stemming from the ancient feast days observances, i.e. Moedim/"Modes"). These concepts are even apparent in the etymologies of the traditional names that musicians still use today to describe Harmonic Function. ( Tonic "Living Water", Mediant "Mediator", Dominant "Lord"). Each day of Creation holds symbolic significance, and its patterns are beautifully reflected in the framework of music. Below are some examples of correlations to consider: Musical Parallels to Genesis Day of Creation Musical Function Spiritual Symbolism Day 1 – Light Tonic Divine origin; the "home key;" " Living Water " (restoring, medicinal, curative, John 4 ) Day 2 – Waters divided Supertonic: "Above the Tonic," and by extension, the 7th represents the Subtonic "below the tonic," called the "Leading Tone when it is diminished. Notice that the 2nd and 7th are on the same branch. Like a physical scale, anything you do to one side will directly affect the other side, this is called " intervallic inversion " in music theory and the menorah pattern can help us to better visualize how this concept works. Additionally, the second scale degree can become a Secondary Dominant when it transitions to a Major.) Separation, "God Divided the Waters," Choice, Agency Day 3 – Earth appears Mediant / Submediant Mediant , shares the same etymological root as Mediator ,- via mesos , related to Moses , Meshiah , "anointed," "drawn from the water". Note, The Mediant shares the same branch as the Sub-Mediant) Dry land ( Terra ) Day 4 – Sun, moon, stars Sub-Dominant: the harmonic function of the Sub-Dominant  is to Lead us to the Dominant ) These Celestial bodies were intended to give light to the earth, to teach us about signs, times, and seasons (מועדים / Moedim , aka modes, these tools provide us with a type of compass which offers direction and guidance). Day 5 – Life appears Dominant : from the same Latin root as Dominus , “ Lord ” Dominion, Lordship, Leadership, transformation Day 6 – Mankind Submediant : relative minor to the Tonic   and   dependant on the Mediant . Man was Formed on the 6th Day, created in God's image. This base is called the Aeolian Mode, from which the 3 minor scales are built: The three diatonic minor keys reflect the Three degrees of Glory: Natural Minor: The natural man is an enemy of God and has been from the beginning. Harmonic minor: ↑7, "God sanctified the 7th Day." Reflects the Atonement Melodic Minor: ↑6, ↑7 Man lifts his own cross to work in partnership with God. As mankind ascends this spiritual ladder, they obtain additional "keys" that they can work with in their Compositions. One cannot ascend to a higher scale without becoming that scale. However, one can descend to any of the lower states, to use the chords and keys available in these stations. Day 7 – Sabbath & Fall Diminished: used to modulate (to Transgress and/or Progress) from key to key. (Historically referred to as the Tritone and the Diabolica in Musica, "the Devil in Music." (In different scales and modes, the seventh takes on a different name, depending on its function. It is called the Leading Tone when it is diminished , and Sub-tonic when its not.) Dissonance, instability; the need for resolution. On the Seventh Day , God rested from his labors, but this was also the day that Lucifer tempted Adam and Eve, and man fell , transgressing  into a fallen state.  However, God sanctified the 7th Day . Through the Plan of Salvation, a way for man to return to their Heavenly Home had already been prepared. Just as the heavens declare the glory of God ( Psalm 19:1 ), music has the power to express the emotional and spiritual spectrum of His creations. It resonates with the soul in ways that transcend language or training . One does not need to be a musician to feel the truth and power conveyed through inspired music—the Spirit communicates through sound in a deeply intuitive, almost celestial language. Temple Imagery and Musical Sanctity In the temple , degrees of glory are architecturally represented: moving from Telestial (outer courts)  through Terrestrial (holy place)  into the Celestial Room . Likewise, sacred music and its divine architecture can teach us similar principles.  All things testify of Christ, and this parable can help us to better appreciate and understand these profound concepts. Layer 3: The Abominable Church as the Whore of the Earth: A Symbolic Betrayal of Covenant Love “And the great and abominable church, which is the whore of all the earth, shall be cast down by devouring fire...”  (D&C 29:21) This phrase echoes vivid language used throughout the scriptures, particularly in Revelation 17 – 18 , Ezekiel 16 & 23 , and Hosea . In each case, spiritual unfaithfulness is described in the language of adultery or prostitution , conveying not just moral corruption, but covenantal betrayal . Israel as the Bride; God as the Faithful Husband From the Sinai covenant onward, God portrays Israel as His bride : “I will betroth thee unto me forever... in righteousness and in judgment, and in lovingkindness, and in mercies”  ( Hosea 2:19 ) But time and again, Israel strays , breaking her covenant vows. She worships other gods—foreign deities and idols, representing political alliances, corruption, materialism, vanity, and immorality. “Thou didst trust in thine own beauty, and playedst the harlot... and madest thyself images of men”  ( Ezekiel 16:15–17 ) In covenant terms, idolatry  = adultery . To worship other gods is to enter into relationship with another "husband," another provider—one who demands no loyalty, righteousness, or truth. This is the spiritual origin of the term “ whoring ” after other gods.” Christ as the Goel – The Kinsman Redeemer In ancient Israel, the Goel  (גּוֹאֵל) was the kinsman redeemer : He would redeem a family member  who had been sold into slavery. He would reclaim lost land , or marry a widowed relative  to raise up seed in the family name (as in the case of Boaz and Ruth). He would avenge blood , uphold family honor, and ensure the family legacy  continued. Christ is our ultimate Goel : He redeems His fallen bride (Israel) from her bondage and spiritual adultery. He pays the bride price (His blood) to reclaim her. He offers marriage anew —a renewed covenant, through the Atonement. “I have redeemed thee; thou art mine.”  ( Isaiah 43:1 )  “Husbands, love your wives, even as Christ also loved the church, and gave himself for it…”  ( Ephesians 5:25 ) Deuteronomy’s Prophetic Warning & The Song of Witness Before Israel even entered the Promised Land, God foretold  her spiritual infidelity: “For I know that after my death ye will utterly corrupt yourselves… and evil will befall you in the latter days…”  ( Deuteronomy 31:29 ) To make the consequences unforgettable, God instructed Moses to teach Israel a song —a prophetic legal testimony  that would stand against them in the last day : “Now therefore write ye this song… that this song may be a witness for me against the children of Israel. ”  ( Deuteronomy 31:19 ) The Song of Moses ( Deuteronomy 32 ) testifies: God created and nourished Israel. Israel became proud, fat, and corrupt. She forsook the Rock and turned to strange gods. Her betrayal would lead to judgment and scattering. But God would remember the covenant and ultimately redeem her. In last week's lesson, " All Things Must Be Done in Order ," we learned about the nature of Satan, and how he is not a creator, he is a counterfeit. He takes principles of truth and twists and perverts them to serve his own ambitions. That is exactly what he did with this song and these principles. These concepts pertaining to the Kingdom of God and His Holy Priesthood were twisted and perverted into principles of astrology and priestcraft. Names of foreign deities, mythologies, and superstitions replaced the houses that once defined Israel and the Covenant, but sadly, due to time, details regarding this history will have to wait for a future lesson. D&C 29 in Context: The Bride’s Final Judgment By the time we reach D&C 29:21 , the abominable church—the ultimate spiritual whore—is cast down by fire . This reflects: The fate of Babylon in Revelation 18 , who is judged for her immorality and seduction of the nations. The burning of the harlot’s garments, which contrasts with the bride of Christ , who is clothed in fine linen, clean and white  ( Revelation 19:7–8 ). Covenant Contrast: The Faithful Bride The Harlot Clothed in righteousness (Rev. 19:8) Clothed in purple, scarlet, and gold (Rev. 17:4) Washed in the blood of the Lamb Drunk with the blood of the saints Enters the New Jerusalem Cast down into fire and desolation Redeemed by the Goel Abandoned, judged, and devoured by her own lovers Musical & Visual Integration: The Song as a Witness These symbols integrate flawlessly into the themes of music and harmony  we've explored, like pieces of masterful puzzle: Israel’s infidelity distorts the divine symphony —the major keys fall into dissonance, the celestial sun darkens, the minor and diminished tones dominate the spiritual atmosphere. The song of Moses  becomes a legal refrain—like a theme in a musical score  that reminds the audience of earlier promises broken and sting of betrayal. The bride had been given robes of light , a divine name , and a place at the table , but she chose foreign lovers and strange idols. (Consider the story of Vashti and Esther that we learned about in our lesson, " Seek for the Things of a Better World ." “They have moved me to jealousy with that which is not God... I will hide my face from them, I will see what their end shall be...”  ( Deuteronomy 32:21–22 ) 📖 Cross-References Scripture Theme D&C 84:97-102 they shall be filled with the knowledge of the Lord, and shall see eye to eye, and shall lift up their voice, and with the voice together sing this new song... D&C 133:56-57 56...and they shall sing the song of the Lamb , day and night forever and ever. 57 And for this cause, that men might be made partakers of the glories which were to be revealed... Rev 5:9 they sung a new song, saying, Thou art worthy to take the book, and to open the seals thereof: for thou wast slain, and hast redeemed us to God by thy blood out of every kindred , and tongue, and people, and nation; Rev 15:3 3 And they sing the song of Moses the servant of God, and the song of the Lamb, saying, Great and marvellous are thy works, Lord God Almighty; just and true are thy ways, thou King of saints . Reflection: Which Bride Am I Becoming? Do I live in covenant loyalty  with Christ, my Redeemer? Are there “foreign gods” and "idols" in my life—things of no substance that demand my loyalty but offer nothing of lasting value in return? What “song” am I singing—one of harmony, love, and faithfulness? Or one of discord and self-service? Do I let Christ be my Goel —the one who paid the price and offers redemption even when I stray? Do I afford others the same opportunity when they have wronged me, do I allow the Lord to lift that the burden from me so I can heal and move forward in my progression? How do you experience “light” and “glory”? How can seeing these patterns through music help to expand that light? Have you ever felt a shift in your spiritual “key”? How would you categorize it? How have you sensed dissonance before a resolution? How might musical practice—tuning, harmonizing, education, resolution—mirror your personal journey to a Celestial state? What “foreign idols” in your life might be dulling your spiritual light or distorting your harmony? In what ways does D&C 29:14 suggest that God speaks to us through both light and sound ? How does understanding cosmic and musical order help you better appreciate God’s role as the Great Composer of your soul’s symphony? Segment 5: D&C 22- 28 – Resurrection and Final Judgment   Theme: The Great Inversion – Death, Resurrection, and Cosmic Renewal “The end shall come, and the heaven and the earth shall be consumed and pass away, and there shall be a new heaven and a new earth.” (v.23) 🔍 Overview & Commentary These verses describe what happens after  the Millennium: the second resurrection, the final judgment, and the end of the telestial world. It is a sweeping transition from mortality to immortality, from corruption to perfection. The theme of inversion and renewal  shines through: The earth passes away , but is reborn  in glory. The dead are raised , both just and unjust, to stand before the judgment bar of God. The wicked are cast out , and the righteous are gathered eternally. The “first shall be last, and the last shall be first” (v.30) speaks to a cosmic reordering: God’s justice corrects the injustices of mortality, bringing divine symmetry to the chaos of fallen creation. ⏳ Word Studies & Symbolic Phrases Phrase Word & Language Meaning “Consumed and pass away” Hebrew: כָּלָה ( kalah ) To bring to an end, complete, or destroy with finality (see Isa. 51:6 ) Greek: παρέρχομαι (parerchomai) To go beyond, disappear, pass into new form ( Revelation 21:1 ) “New heaven and new earth” Hebrew: חָדָשׁ ( chadash ) New in kind; renewed or restored ( Isa. 65:17 ) “Michael shall sound his trump” Hebrew: מִיכָאֵל (Mîkhā’ēl) Mi kha El “Who is like God?” Archangel and leader in heavenly battle. ( Dan 10:21 , Dan 12:1 , Jde 1:9 , Rev 12:7 ) “The graves shall be opened” Hebrew: קֶבֶר (qeber) Tomb or burial place; metaphor for separation 🌍 Covenantal & Temple Connections Just as the tabernacle veil was torn at Christ’s death, the end of the world is the tearing of the veil that separates heaven and earth. Michael  (Adam) is portrayed as a high priest figure initiating resurrection—a cosmic Day of Atonement. “A new heaven and a new earth”  recalls the seventh day of creation, a completed and sanctified world made ready for God’s eternal presence (compare D&C 88:25–26 ; Revelation 21:1–5 ). 🎵 Musical Symbolism: Resolution and Home Key In music, the home key  is where all dissonance eventually resolves. All musical phrases, modulations, and tension will return to the tonic —the foundational note. So too, in this eschatological vision: The chaos of mortal life finds resolution in resurrection. The disharmony of sin gives way to the full, perfect cadence  of eternal joy. This is the final “modulation”—the keys modulate into celestial glory —when all creation is tuned to the presence of God. 🎼 Souls can choose to return to their source, just as our hero returns to his place of origin and a musical composition returns to its tonic. Apocalyptic Pattern: Reversal and Renewal The old passes away (D&C 29:24–25), all is restored—“not one hair, neither mote shall be lost” (v.25). Dual Resurrections ( Doctrine & Covenants 76 ; Revelation 20) First Resurrection Second Resurrection Morning of the First After the Millennium Righteous & Just Unrepentant Celestial/Terrestrial inheritances Telestial & Outer Darkness (Perdition) 📖 Cross-References Scripture Theme Revelation 20 – 21 Resurrection, judgment, and the new heaven and earth 1 Corinthians 15 The resurrection of the body D&C 88:97–101 Order of resurrection: just before unjust 2 Peter 3:10–13 “The elements shall melt with fervent heat” Isaiah 65:17 “Behold, I create new heavens and a new earth” Daniel 12:2 “Many that sleep... shall awake” – both righteous & wicked Alma 40 Detailed resurrection doctrine in the Book of Mormon John 5:28–29 Resurrection of life vs. damnation Mosiah 15:20–23 Resurrection begins with Christ – all shall rise Alma 11:42–45 Spirit and body reunited perfectly, never to die again D&C 88:96–102 Order of resurrection by glory and readiness 💬 Reflection Questions How does the promise of resurrection reshape the way you view loss, suffering, and death? What areas of your life are currently in need of a divine reset? What spiritual “modulations” is the Lord conducting in your life to help you on your path of progression?

CFM: January 15-21 1 Nephi 6-10 Videos, Podcasts, & Weekly Lesson Material Media ​Lesson Extension ​Additional Materials Scripture Central 1 Nephi 6-10 Study Guide Insights Revisited Follow Him 1 Nephi 6-10 Part 1 , Part 2 Transcripts Line Upon Line 1 Nephi 6-10 Teaching with Power 1 Nephi 6-10 ​ Teaching Bundle for Book of Mormon, available on Etsy. Don't Miss This 1 Nephi 6-10 ​ Book of Mormon Matters with John W Welch and Lynne Hilton Wilson 1 Nephi 6-10 John W. Welch Notes 1-7 8-10 ​Unshaken 1 Nephi 6-10 ( Part 1 , Part 2 ) ​ ​The Interpreter Foundation 1 Nephi 6-10 ​Commentary by John Claybaugh ​Teaching Helps with John Hilton 1 Nephi 6-10 Video The Book of Mormon, A Master Class ​ ​Scripture Gems 1 Nephi 6-10 ​Picture Gems Latter Day Kids Repentance CFM Jan 15-21 Come Follow Up 1 Nephi 6-10 ​Ponderfun 1 Nephi 6-10 ( not yet posted ) ​Talking Scripture 1 Nephi 6-10 Show Notes Book of Mormon Minute, Brant A. Gardner Vol. 1 1 Nephi 6 1 Nephi 7 1 Nephi 8 1 Nephi 9 1 Nephi 10 Saving Talents: Devotionals & FHE for Children 1 Nephi 6 -10 Come Follow Me 1/8/2024 ​Hurricane Utah Adult Religion Class , Book of Mormon Week 3 Lehi's Flight from Jerusalem; The Brass Plates 1 Nephi 1-7,9 Video: The Book of Mormon Lesson 3: 1 Nephi 1-7,9 Week 4: Lehi's Dream, Nephi's Apocalypse Video Lesson 3: Notes , Slides Lesson 4: Notes , Slides Resources and Insights for this Week's Lesson An Exciting New Resource: About a month ago, in one of our Revelation lessons , I share information about a program that I was introduced to called Scripture Notes . I had the opportunity to met an visit with Oak Norton, the developer of that program, and in our discussions I expressed that I desperately wanted to see a lexical cross reference tool that could more effectively link the texts of the Book of Mormon back to its roots in the Hebraic language. I felt that would be an invaluable tool that could really help students better understand the perspective, culture, and context of the Book of Mormon writers. Imagine my delight when I recently got an email that introduced a new lexicon feature that directly links the Book of Mormon to the lexicons and concordances available on Blue Letter Bible! I am beyond thrilled, I am absolutely giddy, and I have loved exploring the Book of Mormon with this exciting new feature. It is awesome. Oak listened, and in record time, he delivered! I am seriously like a kid in a candy store, Thank You Oak! The Lexicon tool is labeled with the letter L and is listed along with the other fantastic dictionaries, and etymological features already available on the text toolbar whenever one selects a particular word to research or highlight. Additionally, this feature can be used for any text that is included within the program: Book of Mormon, D&C, Pearl of Great Price, Jesus the Christ, Apocryphal texts, Lectures on Faith, etc. The following video presentation demonstrates how to use this feature. Over the years, I've encountered several individuals, myself included, who have expressed a desire for a Hebrew translation of the Book of Mormon. However, I believe the resource provided by Scripture Notes can offer an even greater advantage. Any Hebrew translation crafted by scholars today would be inherently retrospective, as we do not have access to the original records of the Book of Mormon. This absence of original texts means that the precise Hebrew/Egyptian words used by the Book of Mormon authors remain unknown, necessitating that modern translators engage in speculative translations that may not fully capture the original intent. Such translations would inevitably depend on the translator's discretion regarding word choice and interpretation. In contrast, the lexical tools in Scripture Notes enable users to explore a broad spectrum of potential translations. This approach allows for a more comprehensive understanding, offering multiple perspectives and interpretations of how any particular word in the Book of Mormon might be understood. The Lexicon tool can offer several significant advantages for those studying the Book of Mormon because it allows for a more nuanced examination of the Book of Mormon's language. In addition, the 1828 link will take the reader directly to Webster's 1828 dictionary, providing time appropriate context for Joseph Smith's translations. These two resources combined can reveal deeper and dynamic insights into word choices, origins, context, and meanings of the Book of Mormon text. The Hebraic roots of many biblical texts have been thoroughly catalogued and researched over centuries, and the opportunity to explore similar connections within the Book of Mormon is truly exciting, as this can offer a richer, more powerful, and multifaceted understanding of the Book of Mormon's narratives and teachings. Here are a just a few of many potential advantages: Enhanced Linguistic Understanding : By linking the Book of Mormon to Hebraic lexicons and concordances, students of the scripture can delve into the original meanings of words and phrases. This can uncover subtleties that may be lost in translation or may have changed over time. Cultural and Historical Context : Understanding the Hebraic roots of the Book of Mormon can also provide insights into the cultural and historical context of its writers. This can lead to a more empathetic and accurate interpretation of their messages, poetry, and teachings. Comparative Study with Biblical Texts : The ability to cross-reference with Hebraic lexicons and biblical texts can illuminate parallels and distinctions between the Book of Mormon and the Bible. Such comparative studies can enrich one's understanding of both texts and their interrelations. Spiritual Insights : For many, studying scripture is not just an academic exercise but also a spiritual journey. The deeper understanding garnered from this new lexical tool can lead to more profound spiritual insights and personal revelations. Academic and Theological Research : This tool can be invaluable for scholars and theologians who are exploring the Book of Mormon's origins, structure, and teachings. It opens up new avenues for academic research and theological discourse. I encourage everyone to take some time to explore these updated features and tools. They are particularly beneficial for our current and upcoming studies, especially as we delve into the symbolic themes present in Lehi and Nephi's visions and dreams. These resources can significantly enhance ones understanding and interpretation of these complex and rich narratives. The Book of Mormon and the Old Testament: A Cultural and Religious Dialogue The Exodus The narrative of Lehi and his family's departure from Jerusalem and their subsequent journeys, as recounted in the Book of Mormon, present striking parallels to the Exodus story and the primary themes of the books of the Torah. This investigation explores some of these parallels, observing how each return of Nephi and his brothers to Jerusalem corresponds with the overarching themes of the Torah's five books: Genesis ( Be'reshit "beginning"), Exodus ( Shemot "names"), Leviticus ( Vayikra "and he called"), Numbers (Bamidbar: midbar " wilderness ", from the root - davar " speech, sayings, promises, things ,"), and Deuteronomy " Second /Repeated Law ( logoi )" ( Devarim " words, answer, response, rehearse "). Genesis (Bereshit) - The Family Origin and Roots in Jerusalem: The Book of Genesis details the origins of the world and the beginnings of the Hebrew people. Similarly, the early chapters of the Book of Mormon focus on Lehi’s family, their origins and life in Jerusalem, and the revelations that set their journey in motion. Just as Genesis introduces the patriarchs and matriarchs of Israel and their relationship with God, the Book of Mormon introduces Lehi as a prophet and patriarch, establishing his family’s spiritual lineage and divine calling. Exodus (Shemot) - The Hasty Departure into the Wilderness: The second book of the Torah, Exodus, describes the Israelites' escape from Egyptian bondage and their journey through the wilderness. In the Book of Mormon, Lehi’s family makes a hasty departure from Jerusalem, which is under threat from Babylonian forces. This escape into the wilderness is necessitated by divine warning, much like Moses leading the Israelites out of Egypt following God's command. Leviticus (Vayikra) - The Retrieval of the Plates and Observance of the Law of Moses: In Hebrew, the second book of the Bible is Va'yikra, maning "and he called". This is a reference to Moses, as Moses was called to be a prophet and spokesperson for the Lord. The Greek name Leviticus refers to the Levites, as they were the ones who were called to officiate in the priesthood ordinances and temple services. In the Bible, the book of Leviticus focuses on laws, rituals, and priesthood, highlighting the Israelites’ need to live in accordance with God’s commandments. The return of Nephi and his brothers to Jerusalem to obtain the brass plates parallels this theme. The brass plates contain the law that Lehi's family needs to observe the Law of Moses correctly, emphasizing the importance of scripture and adherence to divine law in their journey, akin to the Israelites' adherence to the laws given at Sinai. Numbers (Bamidbar) - Returning to Jerusalem for Spouses: He Hebrew name for what is interpreted as "Numbers" is Bamidbar, which actually means "wilderness." The book of Numbers narrates the Israelites' wanderings in the wilderness and the challenges they face as a community. The Greek name Numbers comes from the Greek λάβετε ἀρχὴν πάσης συναγωγῆς υἱῶν Ισραηλ, which means to "take or count the heads of all of the the sons of the families in Israel." This has to do with accounting for and including all of the families in Israel as part of God's united family. In a parallel fashion, Nephi and his brothers return to Jerusalem to ensure the future of their own families and community by taking spouses to ensure the welfare of their seed. This act was crucial for the preservation of the family, both physically and spiritually, allowing them to maintain their cultural and religious identity in a new land, akin to how the Israelites had to preserve their identity while wandering in the wilderness. Deuteronomy (Devarim) - Commencing the Journey to a New Promised Land: Finally, Deuteronomy is a book of reflection and anticipation, as Moses recounts the Israelites' journey and prepares them for entering the Promised Land. Similarly, after fulfilling the necessary preparations represented in the previous sections of the account, Lehi’s family is adequately prepared to take the next step, to cross the sea and reach their own promised land. This part of their journey parallels the Israelites’ final approach to the land of Canaan, where their seas once again parted, and they crossed over the Jordan River into the Promised Land. In Greek, Deuteronomy means "second law", or a repetition of the Law, and it emphasizes the the importance and reception of God's oath and covenant with Israel, outlining the laws affixed to that contract, and anticipates a new life in a new promised land. In conclusion, the narrative of Lehi and his family in the Book of Mormon resonates deeply with the themes and structure of the Torah. Each phase of their journey mirrors a corresponding book of the Torah, illustrating a profound connection between the two sacred texts. This parallel not only highlights the shared spiritual heritage and themes of journey, covenant, and divine guidance, but also emphasizes the universality of these experiences in the religious narratives of both the Jewish and Latter-day Saint traditions. Modern Application The patterns outlined in the Torah and mirrored in Lehi's family's experiences in the Book of Mormon offer profound insights applicable to individuals on their own faith journeys, particularly as they strive for Celestial exaltation and the promised land of salvation through Jesus Christ. These narratives, rich with symbolism and teachings, serve as a roadmap, illustrating the principles and challenges inherent in the path towards spiritual fulfillment and divine communion. Firstly, the story of Lehi's family, like the journey of the Israelites in the Torah, begins with a call to leave the familiar behind and venture into the unknown, guided by faith. This mirrors the initial steps of an individual's faith journey, where one must often leave behind former ways of life, comfort zones, and sometimes physical locations, to follow Christ. This leap of faith is the first step towards spiritual growth and is a recurring theme in both the Torah and the Book of Mormon. Secondly, the journey through the wilderness, as experienced by Lehi's family and the Israelites, represents the trials, temptations, and learning experiences that refine faith. Just as these ancient peoples faced physical and spiritual challenges, modern believers encounter personal trials that test and strengthen their faith. These experiences, while often difficult, are essential for spiritual growth and preparation for receiving the full blessings of the Lord. Moreover, the emphasis on obedience to God's commandments, as highlighted in both the Torah and Lehi's narrative, is crucial. The journey towards Celestial glory is marked by adherence to divine laws and ordinances. This obedience is not merely a rigid following of rules but an expression of love and commitment to God, aligning one's will with the divine. The concept of a 'promised land' in these scriptures can be seen as a symbol of the ultimate goal of salvation through Jesus Christ. Just as the Israelites and Lehi's family endured hardships with the hope of reaching a physical promised land, believers today journey through life with the hope of attaining celestial glory. The promised land represents not only a place of rest and peace but a state of being in communion with God, achieved through the Atonement of Jesus Christ. In conclusion, the patterns observed in the Torah and the Book of Mormon provide valuable lessons for individual faith journeys today. They teach the importance of faith-driven departure from the influences of the fallen world, endurance through trials, obedience to divine commandments, and the hopeful pursuit of the promised salvation through Jesus Christ. These narratives offer more than historical or spiritual accounts; they are a blueprint for personal spiritual progression towards Celestial exultation. Outlines & Overviews for this Week's Materials 1 Nephi 6: Nephi's explanation of the purpose and focus of his writings, emphasizing spiritual matters and the fulfillment of God's promises. Topics: the role of prophets, and the significance of scripture in ancient Jewish culture. ( “ Reading 1 Nephi with Wisdom ,” " Nephi’s Small Plates: A Rhetorical Analysis .") References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion:   Ancient Israelite and Nephite Record-Keeping Practices : Continue exploring the parallels and differences in record-keeping between these cultures. How can these practices relate to contemporary society and to individuals today? The Focus on Spiritual Matters in Scriptural Writings : Explore the prioritization of spiritual teachings within sacred texts. The Focus and Value of Secular Records and Histories: How do the secular histories and context support the spiritual writings? Why and how is this context valuable and applicable to modern readers? The Role of Scripture in Guiding Believers : Analyze how scriptural teachings have historically influenced and guided religious individuals and communities. How do these accounts continue to guide believers today? Scripture Major Topics/ Themes ​Summary ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources 1 Nephi 6 Reading 1 Nephi with Wisdom Verses 1-6 I. Nephi's Purpose in Writing 1-3:  Nephi clarifies his intent to write not of his genealogy on the plates but of spiritual matters. Cultural Context : The tradition of record -keeping in ancient Jewish culture. Nephi’s Small Plates: A Rhetorical Analysis 4-6:  Emphasis on the saving goodness of God and the importance of keeping His commandments. Biblical Cross-Reference : Compare with Psalm 78 regarding the importance of teaching God's law. Why Did Nephi Work So Hard to Preserve the Wisdom He Had Received? Verses 4-6 II. Focus on Spiritual Teachings and Prophecies 4-6:  Nephi's dedication to writing for the spiritual benefit of his people. Theological Context : The role of prophets in guiding and teaching in ancient Israel. Biblical Cross-Reference : Jeremiah 1 , being called as a prophet. How Can We Be Delivered through the Lord’s Tender Mercies? III. The Role of Scripture in Preserving Truth Verses 1-6:   Understanding the purpose of scripture in conveying and preserving divine truths and teachings. Cultural Context : The use of scriptures in ancient Jewish tradition for religious instruction and tribal identity. Biblical Cross-Reference : Psalm 119:105 on scripture as a guide. 1 Nephi 7: The journey of Nephi and his brothers back to Jerusalem to convince Ishmael and his family to join them, and the ensuing challenges and manifestations of faith. (Key Themes: Ancient Near Eastern family dynamics, the challenges of migration, and the role of faith and divine intervention in overcoming adversity.) References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion:   Dynamics and Culture in the Ancient Near East : Explore the complexities of cultural and family dynamics and decisions in the context of Nephi’s narrative. ( Lehi's Jerusalem, What was Life Like? , Joseph Smith and Pre-exilic Israelite Religion , " That My Family Should Partake " Challenges of Migration in Ancient Times : Discussion on the logistical, social, and spiritual challenges faced during migrations like those of Nephi and Ishmael's family. Faith and Divine Intervention : Analyzing instances in the scriptures where faith leads to divine intervention and guidance. Application to Contemporary Life: Handling conflicts within families and communities, staying faithful in difficult circumstances, and recognizing the importance of divine guidance in life decisions. Scripture Major Topics/ Themes ​Summary ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources 1 Nephi 7 BoM VIDEOS Ishmael's Household Joins Lehi's Family | 1 Nephi 7 Verses 1-5 I. The Return to Jerusalem 1-2:  The commandment to return to Jerusalem to bring Ishmael's family to preserve the seed and posterity of Lehi. Cultural Context : The importance of community and family in ancient Jewish society. Did Father Lehi Have Daughters Who Married the Sons of Ishmael? Ishmael 3-5:  The journey back to Jerusalem and the persuasion of Ishmael and his family to join Lehi's family in the wilderness . Biblical Cross-Reference : Abraham's call to leave his homeland ( Genesis 12:1-5 ). Verses 6-21 II. Rebellion and Nephi's Response (Verses 6-21) 6-14:  Laman and Lemuel's rebellious and hard hearts and the decision to return to Jerusalem. Cultural Context : Family dynamics and conflicts in ancient Near Eastern cultures. Biblical Cross-Reference : Cain's rebellion ( Genesis 4:8 ), Israelites rebellion . Attestation of Sam 15-21:  Nephi's faith and God's miraculous intervention. The promised land , and the impending destruction of Jerusalem Theological Context : Faith in adversity, seeing and recognizing divine intervention. ( blind in mind , forgotten vs. see , remember , repent , forgive ) Biblical Cross-Reference : Deliverance ( Yeshuah " Jesus "). Jeremiah's Imprisonment and the Date of Lehi's Departure Verses 22-24 III. The Journey Back to the Wilderness 22-24:  The journey of Ishmael's family with Nephi and his brothers back to the wilderness. Cultural Context : Challenges and dynamics of group migration in ancient times. The importance of gratitude , as expressed through sacrifice and offerings . Biblical Cross-Reference : The Israelites' journey from Egypt (Exodus). How Could Lehi Offer Sacrifices Outside of Jerusalem? What Sacrifices did Lehi Offer to God in the Wilderness? Lehi’s Sacrifices and Burnt Offerings 1 Nephi 8: Lehi's vision of the tree of life, its rich symbolic representations, and the reactions of his family and others to the vision. Key Themes: The vision as a representation of the journey of life an the Plan of Salvation, the importance of holding to the gospel, and the impact of spiritual choices on individuals and families. ( The Double Nature of God’s Saving Work: The Plan of Salvation and Salvation History ,” “ Lehi’s Dream and Nephi’s Vision as Apocalyptic Literature ,” “ Lehi Dreamed a Dream: The Report of Lehi’s Dream in Its Biblical Context ,” “ Prophetic Perspectives and Prerogative: How Lehi and Nephi Applied the Lessons of Lehi’s Dream ,” “‘ Even as Our Father Lehi Saw’: Lehi’s Dream as Nephite Cultural Narrative ,” “ Sacrifice and Condescension: Types and Shadows for Latter-day Living ,” “ Lehi’s Dream and Nephi’s Vision as Used by Church Leaders ,” " Lehi’s Vision of the Tree of Life: Understanding the Dream as Visionary Literature ," " The Narrative of Zosimus and the Book of Mormon ," " A New Testament Parallel to Lehi's Tree of Life Vision ," " Lehi’s Dream and the Garden of Eden ," " The Book of Mormon as an Ancient Book .") References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Symbolism in Scriptural Teachings : Explore the use of symbols in scripture to convey deep spiritual truths. ( Lehi's Dream of the Tree of Life: Springboard to Prophe cy , Lehi's Vision of the Tree of Life: Understanding the Dream as Visionary Literature , Le hi’s Dream and the Garden of Eden , Lehi’s Dream and the Plan of Salvation , The Tree of Life, a Personification of Christ , The Ancient Temple is Associated with the Tree of Life , Rod and Sword as the Word of God , The Rod of Iron in Lehi's Dream , Straight (Not Strait) and Narrow , Was the Path Nephi Saw “Strait and Narrow” or “Straight and Narrow”? ", Straightening Things Out: The Use of Strait and Straight in the Book of Mormon ) Mesoamerican Connections to the Tree Of Life: " The Sacred Tree of the Ancient Maya ," " A New Artistic Rendering of Izapa Stela 5: A Step toward Improved Interpretation ," " Stela 5, Izapa: A Layman's Consideration of the Tree of Life Stone ," " The History of an Idea: The Scene on Stela 5 from Izapa, Mexico, as a Representation of Lehi’s Vision of the Tree of Life ." Spiritual Journeys in Scripture : Discussion on various scriptural accounts that mirror the journey depicted in Lehi's vision. ( several articles listed in The Things Which My Father Saw: Approaches to Lehi’s Dream and Nephi’s Vision , We Did Again Take Our Journey, 'Behold, I Have Dreamed a Dream' , The Power of Inspired Invitations , Stay by the Tree ) Family Dynamics and Spiritual Choices : Analyzing the impact of individual spiritual decisions within the context of family relationships in scriptural narratives That My Family Should Partake , Not Partaking of the Fruit: Its Generational Consequences and Its Remedy , . Scripture Major Topics/ Themes ​Summary ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources 1 Nephi 8 BoM VIDEOS Lehi Sees a Vision of the Tree of Life Verses 1-35 I. Lehi's Vision of the Tree of Life 1-12:  Lehi's dream and journey in a dark and dreary waste and his encounter with the tree of life. Symbolic Context : The tree of life as a symbol of God's love ( seed , diverse seeds , branches , roots , stem , bush ( burning bush ), menorah, fruit ) Man in a white robe as a guide. Large and spacious field Fruit - desirable , desired , happy , sweet , tasty , white Biblical Cross-Reference : Genesis 2:9 , Revelation 22:2 on the tree of life in the Garden of Eden and New Jerusalem. Why Are There So Many Similarities between the Dreams of Lehi and Joseph Smith, Sr.? Why Did Lehi and Jeremiah Find Themselves in a Dark and Dreary Wilderness? Why Did Lehi Quote from a Psalm of Repentance In His Dream? What Fruit is White? White/Light Fruit Nephi and His Asherah The Components of Lehi's Vision of the Tree of Life 13-18:  Description of the fruit of the tree and Lehi’s desire for his family to partake . Theological Context : The fruit as a symbol of the blessings of the gospel. River of Water Rod of Iron Attestation of Sariah Nephi’s Use of Lehi’s Words Tree of Life 19-27:  The vision of the rod of iron, the strait and narrow path , and the great and spacious building. Symbolic Context : River  of Water Rod  of Iron Spacious building - standing in air, no roots, no foundation, filled with people mocking and pointing fingers Head of Fountain Concourse of people pressing forward to find and obtain the path to the tree Mist of Darkness - lost , wander, lose the way Biblical Cross-Reference : Psalms 23:3-4 on guidance and protection. Is the Path to Eternal Life “Strait” or “Straight"? Why We Still Have to Cling to the Iron Rod Even Though the Path is Strait Iron Rod as the Word of God The Strait and Narrow Path: The Covenant Path of Discipleship Leading to the Tree of Life II. The Responses to the Vision (Verses 28-35) 28-30:  Observations of people holding to the rod of iron and partaking of the fruit, some were ashamed (confused, guilty, confounded, exhausted), others were continually holding fast to the rod of iron. Cultural Context : The importance of being steadfastness in ancient Israelite culture and modern day. The importance of continual continuity (with scripture study, prayer, church attendance, etc. Falling away vs Falling down at the foot of the tree, which represents the Savior. 31-33:  Those who fall away, cast their eyes into forbidden/ strange paths / roads , are drown in the depths of the fountain and river , and are lost. Theological Context : The dangers of straying from the gospel path. 34-35:  Some do not heed to the scorn of those pointing fingers. Those who heed the scorn fall away. Lehi is concerned for Laman and Lemuel, because they refuse to partake of the fruit. Family Dynamics : The impact of spiritual choices on family relationships. Preaching , Prophesying , begging, and bading with non-compliant kids. III. Reflections on the Symbolism of the Vision 1-35:  Deepening understanding of the vision's symbols: the tree, the fruit, the rod of iron, the strait and narrow path, and the spacious building. Theological Context : The role of visions and symbolism in revealing spiritual truths. Biblical Cross-Reference : Parables of Jesus in the New Testament for understanding symbolic teachings. 1 Nephi 9: Nephi explains the purpose of the two sets of plates he is making – the larger plates for a secular history and the smaller plates for spiritual matters. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Ancient Record-Keeping Practices : Explore the historical background of Nephi’s record-keeping methods and their significance. ( The Book of Mormon Plates , Nephi's Literary Endeavor , The Jewish/Nephite Lunar Calendar ) Secular vs. Spiritual Records in Scripture : Discuss the different purposes of various scriptural records. ( A Record of Our Kingdoms , Nephi’s Political Testament , The Political Dimension in Nephi’s Small Plates ) Divine Foresight in Scriptural Commands : Analyze instances in scripture where divine commands reveal a higher wisdom and purpose. Application to Contemporary Life: Valuing both secular history and spiritual teachings, understanding the importance of obedience to divine guidance, and trusting in God's foresight and wisdom. ( Nephi’s Use of Lehi’ s Record , American Proto-Zionism and the ‘Book of Lehi’: Recontextualizing the Rise of Mormonism ) Scripture Major Topics/ Themes ​Summary ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources 1 Nephi 9 Verses 1-6 I. Nephi's Creation of Two Sets of Plates 1-2:  Nephi's obedience in making two sets of plates as commanded by the Lord. Cultural Context : The practice of record-keeping in ancient Jewish culture. Theological Context : The concept of divine command and obedience in scripture. What Was on the Lost 116 Pages? Plates and History The Making of a Torah Scroll How Scrolls are Made 3-6:  The purpose for the account: distinction between the larger plates for the history (remembrance ) of his people and the smaller plates for ministering spiritual teachings. Symbolic Context : The significance of physical records in preserving history and spiritual teachings. Engraving techniques and necessary skill Biblical Cross-Reference : The recording of law (Torah) and history (Nevaim & Ketuvim) in the Old Testament (e.g., Exodus 32:15-16 ) Lehi the Smelter: New Light on Lehi's Profession Lehi and Nephi as Trained Manassite Scribes Out of the Dust: Steel in Early Metallurgy Verses 3-6 II. The Purpose of the Smaller Plates 3-6:  Nephi's focus on spiritual matters in the smaller plates, the wise purpose of God: the Lord knoweth all things from the beginning; wherefore, he prepareth a way to accomplish all his works among the children of men; for behold, he hath all power unto the fulfilling of all his words . Theological Context : The prioritization of spiritual teachings in religious records. Where Is the Narrative Transition in 1 Nephi? Verses 1-6 III. Reflections on the Wisdom of God 1-6:  Nephi's acknowledgment of God's wisdom in commanding him to make two sets of records. Theological Context : The concept of unseen wisdom and foresight in divine commandments. Biblical Cross-Reference : Isaiah 55:8-9 on God's higher understanding. 1 Nephi 10: Lehi prophecies about the coming of the Messiah, the scattering and gathering of Israel, and the role of a prophet like Moses who will prepare the way of the Lord. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Messiah in Jewish and Christian Beliefs : Exploring the concept of the Messiah and its interpretations in different faith traditions ( Notes and Communications: Knowledge of Christ to Come , The First Coming of the Lord to the Jews: A Book of Mormon Perspective , The Messiah, The Book of Mormon, and the Dead Sea Scrolls , Messianism in the Pseudepigrapha and the Book of Mormon ) Historical Scattering and Gathering of Israel : Analyzing the historical events related to the scattering and gathering of the Israelite tribes. Role of Prophets in Scriptural Revelations : Discussing how prophets like Nephi and John the Baptist contribute to our understanding of spiritual truths. Scripture Major Topics/ Themes ​Summary ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources 1 Nephi 10 BoM Videos: Nephi Prays to Understand the Vision of His Father | 1 Nephi 10  Verses 1-10 I. Prophecies of the Coming Messiah 1-4:  Lehi speaks of the coming Messiah and his baptism. Theological Context : Understanding the expectations of the Messiah in Jewish tradition. Biblical Cross-Reference : Isaiah's prophecies of the Messiah (Isaiah 53). Why Did Nephi Clarify That the Messiah Was the Savior of the World? When Did Lehi Leave Jerusalem? Did Pre-Christian Prophets Know About Christ? Names of Christ 5-10:  The prophecy of John the Baptist preparing the way for the Messiah. Symbolic Context : The role of prophets in preparing for significant spiritual events. Biblical Cross-Reference : Malachi 3:1 on the messenger preparing the way. Lehi’s Prophetic Calling (Mysteries) ‘With the Tongue of Angels’: Angelic Speech as a Form of Deification The Divine Council in the Hebrew Bible and the Book of Mormon The Calling of Lehi as a Prophet in the World of Jerusalem Lehi’s Council Vision and the Mysteries of God The Throne-Theophany and Prophetic Commission in 1 Nephi: A Form Critical Analysis Verses 11-14 II. The Scattering and Gathering of Israel 11-14:  Lehi speaks of the scattering of Israel and their eventual gathering. Historical Context : The historical scattering and gathering of the Israelite tribes. Biblical Cross-Reference : Jeremiah 31:10 on God gathering Israel. Verses 17-22 III. Nephi's Desire to See, Hear, and Know 17-22:  Nephi expresses his desire to see, hear, and know the things his father saw. Personal Application : Seeking personal revelation and understanding. Biblical Cross-Reference : James 1:5 on asking God for wisdom. Church Videos & Resources Ishmael's Household Joins Lehi's Family | 1 Nephi 7 Lehi Sees a Vision of the Tree of Life | 1 Nephi 8 Scripture Central Study Guide Video Commentary Come Follow Me (Insights into 1 Nephi 8–10) Lehi's Dream Lehi's Dream (Vision) Know Why's KnoWhy #447 How Can We Be Delivered through the Lord’s Tender Mercies? KnoWhy #10 What Fruit is White? KnoWhy #456 Is the Path to Eternal Life “Strait” or “Straight"? KnoWhy #402 Why We Still Have to Cling to the Iron Rod Even Though the Path is Strait KnoWhy #452 What Was on the Lost 116 Pages? KnoWhy #448 Why Did Nephi Clarify That the Messiah Was the Savior of the World? KnoWhy #475 When Did Lehi Leave Jerusalem? KnoWhy #461 Where Is the Narrative Transition in 1 Nephi? KnoWhy #12 Did Pre-Christian Prophets Know About Christ? Evidences Evidence #266 Plates and History Evidence #115 Lehi’s Sacrifices and Burnt Offerings Evidence #338 Attestation of Sam Evidence #74 White/Light Fruit Evidence #153 Attestation of Sariah Evidence #73 Iron Rod as the Word of God Evidence #391 Nephi’s Use of Lehi’s Words Evidence #177 Names of Christ Evidence #326 Lehi’s Prophetic Calling (Mysteries) Written Commentary John W. Welch Notes - Come Follow Me Book of Mormon Minute by Brant A Gardner Reading Plan Monday Scripture: 1 Nephi 6:1-6 Scripture: 1 Nephi 7:1-5 Commentary:  How Lehi's Lineage May Explain His Location Commentary:  A Pattern in the Small Plates Commentary:  1 Nephi 6:1-6: Part I Commentary:  1 Nephi 6:1-6: Part II Commentary:  1 Nephi 7:1-3 Commentary:  1 Nephi 7:4-5 KnoWhy:  Why Did Nephi Work So Hard to Preserve the Wisdom He Had Received? Additional Study Evidence: Plates and History Tuesday Scripture: 1 Nephi 7:6-22 Commentary:  The Meaning Behind the Sacrifice Offered Upon the Safe Return of Lehi's Sons with Ishmael's Family Commentary:  1 Nephi 7:8 Commentary:  1 Nephi 7:9-12 Commentary:  1 Nephi 7:12-15 Commentary:  1 Nephi 7:20-22 KnoWhy:  What Sacrifices did Lehi Offer to God in the Wilderness? Evidence:  Attestation of Sam Additional Study KnoWhy:  How Could Lehi Offer Sacrifices Outside of Jerusalem? Evidence:  Lehi's Sacrifices and Burnt Offerings Wednesday Scripture: 1 Nephi 8:1-16 Commentary:  The Families Gather Seeds Commentary:  Lehi Follows the Angel Commentary:  What Does it Mean to Partake of Something? Commentary:  Other Tree of Life Imagery Commentary:  Lehi Beckons His Family to Partake of the Fruit of the Tree of Life Commentary:  1 Nephi 8:9-12 KnoWhy:  Why Did Lehi and Jeremiah Find Themselves in a Dark and Dreary Wilderness? KnoWhy:  What Fruit is White? Additional Study Evidence:  Attestation of Sariah Thursday Scripture: 1 Nephi 8:17-28 Commentary:  What is Significant about an Iron Rod? Commentary:  What Does it Mean to "Press" Forward? Commentary:  1 Nephi 8:19-20 Commentary:  1 Nephi 8:21-23 Commentary:  1 Nephi 8:24-25 Commentary:  1 Nephi 8:26-28 KnoWhy:  Is the Path to Eternal Life “Strait” or “Straight"? Evidence:  Iron Rod as the Word of God Friday Scripture: 1 Nephi 8:29-38 Commentary:  1 Nephi 8:36-38 Commentary:  Those Who Partake of the Fruit and Stay Commentary:  Lehi Pleads with Laman and Lemuel KnoWhy:  Why We Still Have to Cling to the Iron Rod Even Though the Path is Strait Chart:  A Comparison of Lehi's Dream and Nephi's Vision Chart:  Interpretation of Lehi's Vision Additional Study Evidence:  Nephi’s Use of Lehi’s Words Saturday Scripture: 1 Nephi 9:1-6 Scripture: 1 Nephi 10:1-6 Commentary:  1 Nephi 9:3-6 Commentary:  For a Wise Purpose (see also Words of Mormon 1:6–7) Commentary:  1 Nephi 10:1-2 Commentary:  1 Nephi 10:2-4 Commentary:  1 Nephi 10:4 Commentary:  1 Nephi 10:5-7 KnoWhy:  What Was on the Lost 116 Pages? KnoWhy:  Why Did Nephi Clarify That the Messiah Was the Savior of the World? Sunday Scripture: 1 Nephi 10:7-22 Commentary:  Lehi Prophesies of a Messiah Commentary:  1 Nephi 10:11-12 Commentary:  1 Nephi 10:17 Evidence:  Lehi’s Prophetic Calling (Mysteries) KnoWhy:  Did Pre-Christian Prophets Know About Christ? Maps & Charts The Scriptures, Mapped Interactive Map of the Book of Mormon Writings of Lehi Quoted or Paraphrased by Nephi and Jacob Life Spans of Lehi's Lineage Key Doctrinal Chapters: 1 Nephi–Omni Interpretation of Lehi's Vision A Comparison of Lehi's Dream and Nephi's Vision 1 Nephi and the Exodus Three Trees in the Book of Mormon Isaiah Passages Listed by Book of Mormon Reference Isaiah Passages Listed by Isaiah Reference Outlines of Passages Quoting Isaiah Women in the Book of Mormon Metals in the Book of Mormon The Colors of the Scriptures Whose Words Are Found in the Book of Mormon? Number of Pages in Books of the Book of Mormon Average Number of Pages Covering One Nephite Year Nephite Books Compared by Length and Years Covered Nephite Books Listed Chronologically Names Used for Christ by Major Book of Mormon Authors Names and Concepts Associated with Christ by Major Book of Mormon Authors Number of Names Used for Christ by Major Book of Mormon Authors Number of Names for Christ Used Exclusively by Individual Authors Images Book of Mormon Videos Images, 1 Nephi 7 Book of Mormon Videos Images, 1 Nephi 8 Arnold Friberg Sketch of “Lehi, Sariah, Laman, Lemuel, Sam, Zoram, and Ishmael” Study of “Nephi and His Wife Hold to the Iron Rod” Laci Gibbs Fruit of the Tree of Life Jody Livingston Lehi's Dream Jorge Cocco El sueño de Lehi Jake Hasler Stay by the Tree Hannah Butler Tree of Life Jerry Thompson Lehi’s Dream Tree of Life and Rod of Iron Donna O. Kearney Tree of Life Krista Maureen Jones The Tree of Life Mark Bradley Large and Small Plates Eternity Stovall "Which purpose I know not" Bibliography & Additional Resources Listed in outlines above - See site for separate list. BYU’s RSC “It Filled My Soul with Exceedingly Great Joy”: Lehi’s Vision of Teaching and Learning Illuminating a Darkened World The Report of Lehi’s Dream in Its Biblical Context Additional Videos, Articles, & Insights Nephi and the Exodus S. Kent Brown, “ The Hunt for the Valley of Lemuel ” David Rolph Seely, “ Lehi’s Altar and Sacrifice in the Wilderness ” Books The Book of Mormon Made Easier Set, With Included Chronological Map (Gospel Study) The Annotated Book of Mormon Beholding the Tree of Life: A Rabbinic Approach to the Book of Mormon Gathered in One: How the Book of Mormon Counters Anti-Semitism in the New Testament Feasts and Festivals of the Messiah (Preparing for and Worshipping in the Latter-day Saint Temple: Understanding Symbolism, Promises, Learnings & Covenants)

CFM : Alma 30–31 Alma 30-31 Videos, Podcasts, & Weekly Lesson Material Media ​Lesson Extension Scripture Central Alma 30-31 Scripture Study Insights Insights with Taylor and Tyler: Revisited Scripture Insights Rejecting the Inner Korihor with Rabbi Joe Charnes Follow Him Alma 30-31 Part 1 Part 2 Transcripts Line Upon Line Alma 30-31 ( not yet posted ) Teaching with Power Alma 30-31 ​ Teaching Bundle for Book of Mormon, available on Etsy. Don't Miss This Alma 30-31 Book of Mormon Matters with John W Welch and Lynne Hilton Wilson Alma 30-31 John W. Welch Notes ​Unshaken Alma 30-31 ​The Interpreter Foundation Alma 30-31 ​Commentary by John Claybaugh ​Teaching Helps with John Hilton Alma 30-31 The Book of Mormon, A Master Class Alma 30-31: Exposing the Enemies of Christ ​Scripture Gems Alma 30-31 Book of Mormon Map Come Follow Up Alma 30-31 The Scriptures Are Real Alma 30-31 Turning Weapons of War Into Weapons of Peace Latter Day Kids Alma 30-31 All Things Denote There is a God Scripture Explorers Alma 30-31 Alma and Korihor Gospel for Kids Alma 30-31 Alma and Korihor The Anti-Nephi-Lehis ​Talking Scripture Alma 30-31 Show Notes Book of Mormon Minute, Brant A. Gardner Vol. 2 Volume 3: Alma Alma 30 Alma 31 Saving Talents: Devotionals & FHE for Children Alma 30-31 Grounded with Barbara Morgan Alma 30-31 Our Mothers Knew It Alma 30-31 Video  Hurricane Utah Adult Religion Class , Book of Mormon ALMA CONTENDED WITH KORIHOR & LED A MISSION TO RECLAIM THE ZORAMITES Video Notes Slides/Handout Resources and Insights for this Week's Lesson The Book of Mormon: A Cultural and Religious Dialogue Condensed Big Picture Summary & Review Establishment of the New Government: King to Reign of Judges Alma 1-4 (around 91 B.C.) Establishing the Organization of the Government and Internal Conflicts Nehor preaches false doctrines, kills Gideon, and is executed for his crimes. Amlici seeks to be King, resulting in a civil war with significant casualties Amlicites mark themselves to distinguish their group from the Nephites Alma the Younger steps down as chief judge Alma's Missionary Efforts Alma 5-16 (around 90-87 B.C.) Alma delivers his sermon in Zarahemla (likely a Passover Seder). Alma travels to Gideon, Melek, and then to Ammonihah, where he is rejected. Alma is instructed by an angel to return to Ammonihah to find Amulek. Amulek and Alma become companions and teach together in Ammonihah Zeezerom and a group of lawyers, seeking to overthrow the laws and government, arrest and persecute Alma and Amulek Amulek and Alma debate Zeezrom and expose his deceit while explaining the Plan of Salvation and teaching about the Holy Order (Seder Kadosh) of the Priesthood. Zeezrom has a change of heart and is persecuted by the other lawyers, causing him to leave the city. Alma and Amulek are imprisoned; believers are martyred, and their records are destroyed by fire. Alma and Amulek are eventually delivered from prison through an earthquake. Zeezrom has been converted, and he is healed. He joins Alma and Amulek's ministry. The city of Ammonihah is destroyed by the Lamanites, as prophesied by Alma. Meanwhile... The Missionary Efforts of the Sons of Mosiah (91-77 B.C) The sons of Mosiah (Ammon, Aaron, Omner, and Himni) embark on their missions to the Lamanites. Ammon serves King Lamoni in the land of Ishmael, leading to Lamoni’s conversion. The conversion of King Lamoni’s household and his people. (Theophony experience of Limoni and the Queen, likely during cultural feast observance of Shavuot (i.e. Pentecost). Both Ammon and the servant girl, Abish, recognize what is happening because both have experienced similar experiences previously, Ammon with Alma and Abish with her father.) Ammon and Lamoni encounter Lamoni’s father; Ammon spares Lamoni's father after a fight ensues. Lamoni's father, the King of several Lamanite cities, offers Ammon up to 1/2 of the kingdom in exchange for his life. Ammon only asks for two things. He asks the King to forgive and make peace with his son, allowing Lamoni to practice his faith and he asks for help with rescuing Ammon's brothers who have been imprisoned in Middoni. Aaron and his brethren have been preaching in Jerusalem and Middoni. They are imprisoned, and later freed by Ammon and Lamoni. Aaron teaches and helps to convert Lamoni’s father, the king over all the Lamanites, who has a similar theophanic experience to Lamoni and his queen. Religious freedom is proclaimed among the Lamanites; many are converted. The converted Lamanites, now called Anti-Nephi-Lehies, bury their weapons of war and are martyred rather than fight. More Lamanites are converted by the steadfastness of the Anti-Nephi-Lehies; former Amulonites (descendants of the priests of Noah) and Amalekites (dissenters from the Nephites who followed Amlici) hunt them down. The Lamanites This is around the time period when Ammonihah is destroyed. Ammon rejoices in their missionary success and praises God for His mercies (Ama 26) The Ammulonites and Amalakites continue to stir up contention, gathering another army to attack the Anti-Lehi-Nephites. Ammon and the sons of Mosiah return to Zarahemla to seek aid from the Nephites Reunification of Alma and the Sons of Mosiah (around 77 BC) Ammon takes the cause of the Anti-Lehi-Nephites before the Chief Judge, who presents the case to the people. The people vote to offer the land of Jershon to the Anti-Nephi-Lehites The Anti-Nephi-Lehies relocate to the land of Jershon for safety, and are protected by the Nephites. A great battle between the Nephites and Lamanites ensues near Jershon and the surrounding cities; many lives are lost on both sides. Alma reflects on the events that have transpired and expresses his feelings through song, "Oh that I were an Angel." (***See Lori Denning's commentary on this poetic song and its connections to traditional Hebraic poetry in the Follow Him Podcast. It is Excellent! Transcripts ) Alma's Continued Ministry and Teachings The rise of Korihor, an anti-Christ, who preaches against the prophecies of Christ, demanding a sign. Korihor is struck dumb and eventually confesses his deceit before dying. (Around 75 BC) Alma leads a mission to reclaim the Zoramites, who have fallen into apostasy, idol worship, and pride. (Around 74 BC) In addition to the videos and podcasts listed above, the following may also be helpful for your studies this week. Interpreter Radio: The Book of Mormon in Context Lesson 29 Nibley Book of Mormon Lectures: Come, Follow Me Lesson 29 Audio Roundtable: Come, Follow Me Book of Mormon Lesson 27 (Alma 30-31) Korihor and the Self-Refuting Argument (Alma 30) The Rise and Fall of Korihor, a Zoramite: A New Look at the Failed Mission of an Agent of Zoram Abridging the Records of the Zoramite Mission: Mormon as Historian Labor Diligently to Write: The Ancient Making of a Modern Scripture — Chapter 14: Alma Chapter XVI (30–35) Interpreting Interpreter: Structuring Alma’s Zoramite Mission Scripture Roundtable: Book of Mormon Gospel Doctrine Lesson 27, “All Things Denote There Is a God” Overview Alma 30 Alma 30 details the rise and fall of Korihor, an anti-Christ who preaches against the prophecies of Christ and the teachings of the church. Korihor's rhetoric and arguments challenge the faith of the Nephites, leading to significant confrontation with Alma the Younger. This chapter explores themes of faith versus skepticism, divine justice, and the consequences of rejecting the truth. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: The Korihor Within: How do we lead people astray with our words and actions? Rejecting the Inner Korihor with Rabbi Joe Charnes Developing Strength & Steadfastness through Faith in God's Word : Alma exhorts the people to remain steadfast and avoid being deceived. The Book of Alma as a Prototype for Teaching the Word of God Testimony of God : Alma concludes with a reaffirmation of God’s justice and mercy. Faith vs. Skepticism : The confrontation between Alma and Korihor highlights the conflict between faith and skepticism. Divine Justice : Korihor’s punishment serves as a powerful example of divine justice. The Trial of Korihor Better That One Man Perish Recognizing & Discerning False Teachings : The chapter illustrates the dangers and consequences of false doctrine. Countering Korihor’s Philosophy An Anti-Christ in the Book of Mormon - The Face May Be Strange, but the Voice Is Familiar Teachings of Korihor Three Diverse Opponents of the Nephites Emphasizing Humility and Repentance : Encourages the practice of humility and the continual need for repentance. Linguistic & Cultural Observations: How Do You Say 'Law' in Hebrew? A Comparison of Nephite Law Lists Notes on Korihor and Language The Cultural Context of Nephite Apostasy Wade Brown, The God-Inspired Language of the Book of Mormon: Structuring and Commentary Cursing a Litigant with Speechlessness Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Alma 30 Verses 1-6: Introduction of Korihor 1-2: Korihor appears among the Nephites, preaching against the prophecies concerning Christ.  3-4: Korihor travels through the land of Zarahemla and other Nephite lands, spreading his teachings.  5-6: He gains followers who believe in his anti-Christ doctrines. The Rise of Korihor Appearance : Korihor emerges as a significant figure opposing the church. Travel and Influence : He travels widely, spreading his beliefs and gaining followers. Challenge to Prophecies : His teachings directly oppose the prophecies and doctrines of Christ. Why Does the Book of Mormon Use So Many Different Terms for “Law”? Verses 7-18: Korihor’s Teachings and Impact 7-8: The Nephites allow freedom of belief and worship, leading to widespread discussion of Korihor’s teachings.  9-10: Korihor preaches that there is no Christ and that prophecies are foolish traditions.  11-12: He argues that religious leaders use their positions to exploit the people for personal gain.  13-14: Korihor teaches that there is no sin or need for repentance, and that individuals should act according to their own desires.  15-18: He claims that human knowledge and evidence are the only valid bases for belief, denying the existence of God and divine revelation. Korihor’s Doctrine Denial of Christ : He rejects the existence of Christ and the validity of prophecies. Accusations Against Leaders : He accuses religious leaders of manipulation and exploitation. Moral Relativism : Korihor promotes the idea that there is no sin and individuals should follow their own desires. Empiricism : He insists that knowledge should be based only on empirical evidence. Korihor’s Trial Verses 19-29: Confrontation with Alma 19-20: Korihor is brought before Alma and the chief judge to answer for his teachings.  21-22: Alma questions Korihor about his beliefs and accusations.  23-24: Korihor reiterates his denial of Christ and accusations against the church.  25-26: Alma counters Korihor’s arguments, emphasizing the consistency and selflessness of church leaders.  27-28: Alma challenges Korihor’s denial of God, pointing to the testimony of all things and the faith of the people.  29: Korihor demands a sign to prove the existence of God. Alma’s Defense Interrogation : Alma questions Korihor about his beliefs and challenges. Defense of Church Leaders : Alma defends the integrity and selflessness of church leaders. Testimony of God : Alma points to the testimony of creation and the faith of the people as evidence of God. Synonymous Words Talionic Justice Verses 30-35: Korihor’s Punishment 30-31: Alma prays for a sign to be given to Korihor. Korihor is struck dumb, unable to speak.  32-33: Alma explains that Korihor’s condition is a sign from God and warns the people against unbelief.  34-35: Korihor writes his confession, admitting that he was deceived by the devil and that his teachings were false. Divine Justice Struck Dumb : Korihor is punished by being struck dumb as a sign from God. Confession : He confesses in writing, admitting his deceit and the falsehood of his teachings. Verses 36-50: Aftermath and Lessons All Things Denote There Is a God 36-37: Korihor is cast out, and he goes from house to house begging for food.  38-39: He eventually makes his way to the land of the Zoramites, where he is trampled to death.  40-41: Alma warns the people to remain steadfast in the faith and avoid being led astray by false teachings.  42-43: He emphasizes the importance of humility and repentance.  44-45: Alma concludes with a testimony of God’s justice and mercy, urging the people to remain faithful. Aftermath and Reflection Fall of Korihor : Korihor’s ultimate fate is a tragic end, serving as a warning to others. Steadfastness in Faith : Alma exhorts the people to remain steadfast and avoid being deceived. Humility and Repentance : He emphasizes the need for humility and repentance. Testimony of God : Alma concludes with a reaffirmation of God’s justice and mercy. Was Korihor Really an Atheist? Why Was Korihor Cursed with Speechlessness? Overview Alma 31 Alma 31 details Alma’s mission to reclaim the Zoramites, who have fallen into apostasy and developed their own distinct and corrupt religious practices. The chapter highlights themes of apostasy, pride, true worship, and the power of faith and prayer. Alma and his companions are deeply concerned about the spiritual state of the Zoramites and embark on a mission to bring them back to the true gospel. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Learning with Humility : Alma and his companions teach the humble Zoramites who have been cast out of the synagogues. Avoiding Pride and Apostasy : Encourages readers to stay humble and faithful, avoiding the pitfalls of pride and self-righteousness. ’See That Ye Are Not Lifted Up’: The Name Zoram and Its Paronomastic Pejoration Apostate Religion in the Book of Mormon Attributes of True & Sincere Worship : Alma and his companions emphasize the importance of sincere faith and true worship. Contrast true faith and worship with the Zoramites’ corrupt practices. The Supremacy of the Word: Alma’s Mission to the Zoramites and the Conversion of the Lamanites Power of Prayer : Alma’s fervent prayer demonstrates the importance of seeking divine assistance in missionary efforts. Alma’s Song of Lamentation: How Long, O Lord Why Did Alma Repeat the Lord’s Name Ten Times While in Prayer? Missionary Work : The chapter highlights the challenges and rewards of missionary work, including the importance of unity and the support of the Holy Spirit. Missionary Work Unity and Support in Ministry : Consider how unity and mutual support among missionaries and church members contribute to successful ministry efforts. Consider the unified effort that Alma, Amulek, and Zeezrom demonstrated as they taught and testified together. Trials and Comfort : Despite opposition, the missionaries are supported and comforted by the Holy Spirit. Linguistic & Cultural Observations: Nephite Insights into Israelite Worship Practices before the Babylonian Captivity Synagogues in the Book of Mormon ’Stretch Forth Thy Hand and Prophesy’: Hand Gestures in the Book of Mormon How is the Name Zoram Connected with Pride? Geographic Insights: Book of Mormon Objective Geographic Standard No. 2: Relationships of City Bountiful, Mulek Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Alma 31 Verses 1-6: The Zoramite Apostasy Finding the Lamb of God 1: Alma learns about the Zoramites' apostasy and their separation from the Nephites. 2-3: The Zoramites had fallen into serious errors, and their practices were leading them away from the commandments of God.  4-6: Alma fears that the Zoramites’ apostasy will lead them to unite with the Lamanites against the Nephites. He decides to take a group of missionaries with him to preach to the Zoramites. The Zoramite Departure from the Faith Apostasy : The Zoramites have separated themselves and fallen into corrupt religious practices. Potential Alliance with Lamanites : Alma is concerned about the political and military implications of their apostasy. Missionary Effort : Alma decides to lead a mission to reclaim the Zoramites. Wordplay on Antion Verses 7-11: The Missionary Team 7: Alma selects a team of missionaries to accompany him: Ammon, Aaron, Omner, Amulek, Zeezrom, Shiblon, and Corianton.  8-9: They journey to the land of Antionum, where the Zoramites live.  10-11: Upon arrival, they witness the Zoramites’ strange and prideful practices. The Missionary Team Selection of Missionaries : Alma chooses trusted companions for the mission. Journey to Antionum : The missionaries travel to the Zoramite city. Observation of Practices : They observe the Zoramites’ apostate religious practices. Verses 12-18: The Zoramite Worship on the Rameumptom The Narrative Symbolism of Apparel 12: The Zoramites have built a high place called the Rameumptom , where they gather weekly to pray.  13-14: The Zoramites take turns ascending the Rameumptom and offering the same prideful prayer.  15-18: Their prayers express self-righteousness, elitism, and disdain for others, denying the need for Christ and proclaiming their own chosen status. Corrupt Worship Practices Rameumptom : A high place for public prayers, symbolizing pride and elitism. Uniform Prayers : Their prayers are repetitive and focused on self-righteousness. Denial of Christ : They reject the need for a Savior and express disdain for others. Verses 19-23: Alma’s Response and Prayer 19-20: Alma is deeply troubled by the Zoramites’ pride and apostasy. He gathers his companions to discuss their approach.  21-22: Alma prays fervently, expressing sorrow for the Zoramites and asking for strength and success in their mission.  23: Alma prays for his companions, asking for their faith and effectiveness in bringing the Zoramites back to the gospel. Alma’s Prayer Troubled by Apostasy : Alma is distressed by the Zoramites' practices. Fervent Prayer : Alma prays earnestly for strength, success, and guidance. Intercession for Companions : He prays for his missionary team, asking for faith and success. Wordplay on Zoram Verses 24-38: The Mission to the Zoramites 24-25: Alma begins preaching to the Zoramites, starting with the poorer class who are cast out of the synagogues.  26-30: He teaches them about faith, repentance, and the coming of Christ, contrasting true worship with their prideful practices.  31-33: Amulek follows, reinforcing Alma’s teachings and bearing his testimony.  34-36: Zeezrom also speaks, adding his testimony and support to the teachings.  37-38: The missionaries experience trials and opposition but are filled with the Holy Spirit and comforted by God’s grace. Preaching to the Zoramites Learning with Humility : Alma and his companions begin with teaching the humble Zoramites who have been cast out of the synagogues. Teaching True Worship : They contrast true faith and worship with the Zoramites’ corrupt practices. Unified Effort : Alma, Amulek, and Zeezrom teach and testify together. Trials and Comfort : Despite opposition, the missionaries are supported and comforted by the Holy Spirit.ing How is the Name Zoram Connected with Pride? Why Did Alma Repeat the Lord’s Name Ten Times While in Prayer? Why did Mormon Emphasize the Zoramites’ Costly Apparel? Church Videos & Resources Alma-Helaman Talks and References This Month in Come Follow Me Alma 8-15 Scripture Central Study Guide Video Commentary Listed above in podcast section Know Whys Listed above in relation to section. Evidences Listed above in relation to section. Written Commentary John W. Welch Notes - Come Follow Me Book of Mormon Minute by Brant A Gardner Reading Plan Structure your personal scripture study by following a 15-minute, day-by-day plan. Each day's assignment includes the required scripture passages from the Come, Follow Me curriculum, as well as suggestions for additional resources to bring context and understanding to your study. For the best experience, use our  Reading Plan in the free ScripturePlus app ! You can track your progress and have access to the best resources. Monday Scripture: Alma 30:1-8 KnoWhy:  Why Does the Book of Mormon Use So Many Different Terms for “Law”? Additional Study Commentary:  Was This a Year of Jubilee? Commentary:  Korihor, an Anti-Christ Commentary:  Alma 30:6-8 Commentary:  Alma 30:1-5 Tuesday Scripture: Alma 30:9-29 Commentary:  Alma 30:22-23 Commentary:  Basic Public Nephite Law Described Additional Study Commentary:  Alma 30:24-28 Commentary:  What Doctrine Did Korihor Teach? Commentary:  Korihor Had No Success in Jershon and Was Cast Out Commentary:  Korihor Was Tried in Gideon Commentary:  Alma 30:19-21 Commentary:  Comparing Sherem, Nehor, and Korihor Evidence:  Synonymous Words Wednesday Scripture: Alma 30:30-42 Commentary:  Was Korihor Really an Atheist? Commentary:  Alma 30:29-31 Commentary:  Alma 30:32-36 Additional Study Evidence:  Korihor’s Trial KnoWhy:  Was Korihor Really an Atheist? Thursday Scripture: Alma 30:43-60 Commentary:  The Judge Asked Four Questions; Korihor Answered One Commentary:  Alma 30:44-47 Additional Study Evidence:  Talionic Justice Evidence:  Cursing with Speechlessness Commentary:  Korihor Demanded a Sign Commentary:  Korihor Was Struck Dumb Commentary:  Korihor Confessed His Sins Commentary:  The Nephites Learn What Happened to Korihor Commentary:  Korihor Is Killed by the Zoramites Friday Scripture: Alma 31:1-7 Evidence:  Wordplay on Antion Additional Study Commentary:  The Zoramite Defection Is Dangerous Militarily Commentary:  Alma 31:1-2 Commentary:  Alma 31:3-4 Commentary:  Alma 31:5-7 Saturday Scripture: Alma 31:8-23 Commentary:  The Zoramites Perverted the Ways of the Lord Evidence:  Wordplay on Zoram Additional Study Commentary:  Alma Was Shocked at the Zoramites’ Manner of Prayer Commentary:  Alma 31:8-11 Commentary:  Alma 31:12-14 Commentary:  Alma 31:15-18 Commentary:  Alma 31:19-23 Sunday Scripture: Alma 31:24-38 Commentary:  Alma Prayed for Help in Reconverting the Zoramites KnoWhy:  Why Did Alma Repeat the Lord’s Name Ten Times While in Prayer? Additional Study Commentary:  Alma 31:24-25 Commentary:  Alma 31:26-30 Commentary:  Alma 31:31-35 Commentary:  Alma 31:36-38 Evidence:  The Narrative Symbolism of Apparel Maps & Charts The Nephite Judges Alma as High Priest: Years 9–19 of the Reign of the Judges Nephihah as Chief Judge: Years 9–24 of the Reign of the Judges Teachings of Korihor Missionary Work How Do You Say "Law" in Hebrew? Legal Cases and Procedures in the Book of Mormon Three Diverse Opponents of the Nephites A Comparison of Nephite Law Lists Nephite Cycles: Years 1–49 of the Reign of the Judges (90–40 B.C.) Metals in the Book of Mormon Whose Words Are Found in the Book of Mormon? Number of Pages in Books of the Book of Mormon Average Number of Pages Covering One Nephite Year Nephite Books Compared by Length and Years Covered Nephite Books Listed Chronologically Names Used for Christ by Major Book of Mormon Authors Names and Concepts Associated with Christ by Major Book of Mormon Authors Number of Names Used for Christ by Major Book of Mormon Authors Number of Names for Christ Used Exclusively by Individual Authors Ten Essential Features of Book of Mormon Geography Geographical Names Listed Alphabetically Geographical Names Listed by Scripture Reference Images Book of Mormon Videos Images, Alma 31-34 Bibliography & Additional Resource Included in Outline Summaries above BYU’s RSC “All Things Denote There Is a God”: Seeing Christ in the Creation An Anti-Christ in the Book of Mormon—The Face May Be Strange, but the Voice Is Familiar The Literary Power of the Book of Mormon Books The Book of Mormon Made Easier Set, With Included Chronological Map (Gospel Study) The Annotated Book of Mormon Beholding the Tree of Life: A Rabbinic Approach to the Book of Mormon Gathered in One: How the Book of Mormon Counters Anti-Semitism in the New Testament Feasts and Festivals of the Messiah (Preparing for and Worshipping in the Latter-day Saint Temple: Understanding Symbolism, Promises, Learnings & Covenants) Passover Seder Script Days of Awe: Jewish Holy Days, Symbols and Prophecies for Latter-day Saints

CFM: April 15–21 Enos–Words of Mormon Videos, Podcasts, & Weekly Lesson Material Media ​Lesson Extension ​Additional Materials Scripture Central Enos–Words of Mormon Scripture Study Insights Book of Mormon Insights with Taylor and Tyler: Revisited Scripture Study Insights Scripture Insights Study Guide Follow Him Enos–Words of Mormon Part 1 Part 2 Transcripts Line Upon Line Enos–Words of Mormon Not yet posted Teaching with Power Enos–Words of Mormon ​ Teaching Bundle for Book of Mormon, available on Etsy. Don't Miss This Enos–Words of Mormon ​ Book of Mormon Matters with John W Welch and Lynne Hilton Wilson Enos–Words of Mormon John W. Welch Notes ​Unshaken Enos–Words of Mormon Enos, My Soul Hungered ​ ​The Interpreter Foundation Enos–Words of Mormon ​Commentary by John Claybaugh ​Teaching Helps with John Hilton Enos–Words of Mormon The Book of Mormon, A Master Class My Soul Hungered ​ ​Scripture Gems Enos–Words of Mormon Picture Gems ​ Come Follow Up Enos–Words of Mormon Latter Day Kids Enos–Words of Mormon A Story About Sincere Prayer Scripture Explorers Enos–Words of Mormon ​Talking Scripture Enos–Words of Mormon Show Notes Book of Mormon Minute, Brant A. Gardner Vol. 2 Enos Jarom Omni Words of Mormon Saving Talents: Devotionals & FHE for Children Enos–Words of Mormon ​Hurricane Utah Adult Religion Class , Book of Mormon Enos' Wrestle with God; Nephites Spiritual Decline; Mosiah Led Righteous Nephites to Zarahemla Video: Lesson Lesson 6: Notes , Slides , Handout Resources and Insights for this Week's Lesson The Book of Mormon and the Old Testament: A Cultural and Religious Dialogue The succession of the plates from Jacob to Moroni in the Book of Mormon is an important aspect of Nephite culture, representing not only the physical transmission of records but also the spiritual, historical, and cultural legacy of the Nephite people. Each transfer of the plates is significant, often occurring at critical junctures in Nephite history and typically involving a charge to maintain the records' integrity and continuity. Here is an overview of how the plates were passed down from generation to generation: From Nephi to Moroni: The Lineage of Record Keepers Jacob to Enos - Jacob : The brother of Nephi, Jacob was entrusted with the small plates after Nephi's death. He recorded his teachings and the spiritual revelations pertinent to the Nephite people. - Enos : Jacob passed the plates to his son Enos after instructing him in his duties as a record keeper. Enos’s writings begin with his personal spiritual wrestlings and continue with details of his ministry, emphasizing his efforts to preserve the Nephite and Lamanite records. Enos to Omni - From Enos to Jarom to Omni : The plates were passed through a line of Nephite record keepers, including Jarom and then Omni. Each custodian added their own experiences, spiritual insights, and the historical events of their times, though the entries become shorter during this period. Omni to Amaron to Chemish to Abinadom to Amaleki - Multiple Hands : The plates saw several custodians in rapid succession during the period described in the Book of Omni. Amaron, Chemish, Abinadom, and finally Amaleki, who each made brief entries. Amaleki noted the discovery of the people of Zarahemla and the amalgamation of the two peoples. Amaleki to King Benjamin - Amaleki to King Benjamin : Amaleki, realizing he had no children to pass the records to, transferred them to King Benjamin. This marked a significant transition as the plates moved from familial succession to royal custodianship, reflecting the central role of the records in Nephite society. King Benjamin to Mosiah II - King Benjamin to Mosiah II : King Benjamin passed the plates to his son Mosiah II, who was a righteous leader and grandson of Mosiah I, all continued to make important contributions to the records, including the the incorporation of several additional records. Mosiah II to Alma the Elder - Mosiah II with Alma the Elder : After translating the plates of Ether and establishing peace in the land, Mosiah combined the records with those of Alma the Elder, who was a significant religious leader and the founder of the Church among the Nephites. Alma the Elder to Alma the Younger - Alma the Elder to Alma the Younger : The plates and other sacred items were entrusted to Alma the Younger, who was pivotal in continuing the religious teachings and expansion of the Church. Alma the Younger to Helaman - Alma the Younger to Helaman : Alma passed the sacred records to his son Helaman, charging him to continue the record-keeping and ensure the records' safety. Helaman to Helaman (Son of Helaman), Shiblon, then to Helaman's son, Helaman - Through the Line of Helaman : The records continued through Helaman’s lineage, with each Helaman adding to and preserving the records, culminating in Mormon. Mormon to Moroni - Mormon to Moroni : In the later years of the Nephite civilization, Mormon compiled and abridged many records, including the plates. He eventually entrusted them to his son Moroni. Moroni added further writings, including the Book of Ether and resealed the complete record, which he hid up unto the Lord. The succession of the plates from Jacob to Moroni is not merely a matter of record-keeping but a sacred duty fulfilled across generations, involving spiritual, cultural, and linguistic teachings, prophecies, and the history of an entire civilization. Each transfer reinforced the importance of the records as both historical documents and spiritual testaments, culminating in the hidden plates that Joseph Smith would later translate as the Book of Mormon. This lineage of record keepers highlights the profound respect and reverence the Nephites had for their history and their covenant with God. Overview Enos The Book of Enos sits as the fourth book in the Book of Mormon. It is a short, singular chapter book that details the personal revelations and covenantal dialogues between Enos, a Nephite prophet, and the Lord. The narrative is deeply personal and reflective, highlighting themes of repentance, revelation, intercessory prayer, and the transmission of religious records and covenants across generations. Here's an overview, with verse highlights, major themes, and cross-references to biblical literature where relevant, along with insights into Hebraic culture and language when applicable. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Repentance and Forgiveness : Enos’s experience mirrors that of King David in Psalm 51, where both figures seek forgiveness through heartfelt repentance, emphasizing the mercy and grace of God. Itty Bitty Books with Big Lessons: Enos, Jarom, Omni Big Lessons from Little Books Intercessory Prayer : Enos’s prayers for his people and their enemies resonate with the intercessory roles of biblical figures like Abraham (Genesis 18:23-33) and Moses (Exodus 32:11-14), highlighting a mediator role that is significant in both Hebraic and Christian traditions. I Have a Question: If both the Lamanites and the Nephites became wicked in the end, why was one group destroyed while the Lord allowed the other to remain? Name and Language : Enos means "man" in Hebrew, symbolizing perhaps the everyman's potential for redemption and dialogue with the divine. ( Wrestle with God to prevail, Gen 32:24-28 INT : יִשְׂרָאֵל Israel, שָׂרִיתָ A prince/ leader that has power with God, אֲנָשִׁים Enosim "men", וַ / תּוּכָל "prevailed" ) Centered on Christ: The Book of Enos Possibly Structured Chiastically Enos: His Mission and His Message Wordplay on the Name ‘Enos. Wrestling before God 'And There Wrestled a Man with Him' (Genesis 32:24): Enos’s Adaptations of the Onomastic Wordplay of Genesis Jacob and Enos: Wrestling Before God Covenant Language : The Book of Enos uses covenantal language that echoes the bilateral covenants found in the Old Testament, emphasizing conditions and blessings, reflective of ancient Near Eastern treaty forms. ’I Kneeled Down Before My Maker’: Allusions to Esau in the Book of Enos Enos and the Words Concerning Eternal Life Cultural Preservation: Literary Reflections on Jacob and His Descendants Who Kept the Records in the Book of Mormon? (By Lineages) Last-Ditch Warfare in Ancient Mesoamerica Recalls the Book of Mormon The Charge of "Racism" in the Book of Mormon Mesoamerican ‘Cimeters’ in Book of Mormon Times The Noachide Laws Wars in the Book of Mormon Longevity of Book of Mormon People and the ‘Age of Man Literary Significance: The Book of Mormon: Jacob through Words of Mormon, To Learn with Joy Big Lessons from Little Books A Comprehensive Commentary of the Book of Enos The Archaic Vocabulary of the Book of Mormon Contents of the 116 Lost Pages and the Large Plates Archeological Insights: Anachronisms: The Wrong Things at the Wrong Time Why Are Horses Mentioned in the Book of Mormon? Basic Methodological Problems with the Anti-Mormon Approach to the Geography and Archaeology of the Book of Mormon "Hard" Evidence of Ancient American Horses A Scientist Looks at Book of Mormon Anachronisms Deer as ‘Goat’ and Pre-Columbian Domesticate Once More: The Horse Out of the Dust The Possibility of Janus Parallelism in the Book of Mormon Major Topics/ Themes ​Summary ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Enos Enos Prays Mightily | Enos 1 Wordplay on Enos Enos's Conversion and Repentance Verses 1-5 : Enos begins by recounting his spiritual awakening, triggered by pondering the teachings of his father. This leads to a profound personal revelation after a day of prayer and supplication, where he receives forgiveness of his sins. The theme is reminiscent of biblical narratives emphasizing repentance and divine forgiveness (e.g., Psalm 51, the Parable of the Prodigal Son in Luke 15:11-32). The Hebraic concept of teshuvah (repentance) is evident here, where a personal, introspective turning back to God is emphasized. Why Did Book of Mormon Authors Use Colophons? Why Do the Authors on the Small Plates Follow a Pattern? Enos and the Jacob-Esau Cycle Intercessory Prayer for the Nephites and Lamanites Verses 6-18 Enos's concern extends beyond his salvation to that of his people (Nephites) and their enemies (Lamanites). His prayers for both groups showcase the broad scope of his newfound commitment to God and his compassion, reminiscent of Moses' intercessions for Israel (Exodus 32:11-14) and Jonah's mission to Nineveh (Jonah 3:10). His prayer also forshadows the Great Intercessory pray of Jesus Christ (John 17) The power of intercessory prayer reflects a deep Hebraic value on community and collective faithfulness to covenantal relationships with God. Who Are the Lamanites? (2 Nephi 5:14) Stewardship of the Sacred Records Verses 19-27 The narrative shifts to Enos's role in preserving the Nephite records, underscoring the importance of written testimony and the transmission of sacred knowledge across generations. This theme parallels the biblical emphasis on the preservation and transmission of the Law and the Prophets (Deuteronomy 31:24-26). The responsibility towards sacred texts and the concept of a "remnant" being preserved due to righteousness echoes the Hebraic understanding of a covenant community that transcends time, with each generation responsible for upholding and passing on their covenantal legacy. How Did Enos Liken the Scriptures to His Own Life? Overview Ja rom The Book of Jarom, a brief but significant text, continues the narrative history of the Nephites. Jarom, the son of Jacob, focuses on the spiritual, military, and societal aspects of the Nephite civilization, emphasizing the preservation of their records, language, the steadfastness of their faith in the face of external threats, and the maintenance of the law of Moses as a preparatory gospel for the coming of Christ. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Commentaries and Overviews: A Comprehensive Commentary of the Book of Jarom Learning to Love the Book of Mormon - The Book of Jarom Faithfulness and Obedience : Jarom underscores the blessings associated with the Nephites' adherence to the commandments and the law of Moses, linking their prosperity and protection directly to their righteousness. Conflict and Defense : The narrative includes descriptions of the military strategies and conflicts faced by the Nephites, reflecting themes of vigilance and preparedness in both spiritual and temporal realms. What Does Archaeology Reveal about Warfare During Early Nephite Times? Fortifications in the Book of Mormon Account Compared with Mesoamerican Fortifications Lost Arts Out of the Dust: Steel in Early Metallurgy Prophetic Guidance and Record Keeping : The continuation of recording important events and teachings highlights the value placed on historical and religious continuity, which is crucial for future generations. The emphasis on records also suggests a broader application for individuals to preserve personal and family histories, language, and culture, which can strengthen faith and identity. The Father's Command to Keep Records in the Small Plates of Nephi Why Do the Authors on the Small Plates Follow a Pattern? Anticipation of Christ : The adherence to the law of Moses as pointing towards Christ emphasizes the messianic expectation that pervades Nephite theology and practice. Resilience in Faith : Jarom’s account encourages modern readers to remain steadfast in their faith, especially in times of adversity or challenge. Role of Divine Guidance : The Book of Jarom illustrates the importance of seeking and following divine guidance through prayer and scripture study, especially in navigating societal challenges. Linguistic Insights: Proper Names from the Small Plates: Some Notes on the Personal Names Zoram, Jarom, Omni, and Mosiah Literary Reflections on Jacob and His Descendants Average Number of Pages Covering One Nephite Year Book of Mormon Names Attested in Ancient Hebrew Inscriptions Digging into the Book of Mormon: Our Changing Understanding of Ancient America and Its Scripture, Part 1 Digging into the Book of Mormon: Our Changing Understanding of Ancient America and Its Scripture, Part 2 Major Topics/ Themes ​Summary ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Jarom Spiritual State and Obedience of the Nephites 1-5 : Jarom begins by noting the small size of the plates and his intent to write only what is most significant. He describes the righteousness of the people who are diligent in keeping the commandments and the law of Moses, which points them to Christ. This section underscores the spiritual and cultural foundation of Nephite society and the importance of their prophetic leadership. Spiritual Context : The continued obedience to the commandments and anticipation of Christ’s coming. Cultural Continuity : Emphasis on the importance of prophetic guidance and record-keeping in maintaining religious and cultural identity. Why Were Genealogies Important to Book of Mormon Peoples? Conflicts and Preservation of the Nephite Nation Jarom details the frequent wars between the Nephites and the Lamanites. Despite these challenges, the Nephites prosper in the land because of their faithfulness and God's divine protection. Jarom describes their efforts in fortifying their cities and their intentional focus on God. Military and Societal Resilience : The Nephites' military preparedness and divine favor as key factors in their survival. Divine Providence : The role of faith and divine intervention in protecting and prospering the Nephite people. What Does Archaeology Reveal about Warfare During Early Nephite Times? Cimeters Bow and Arrow Javelins Generational Leadership and Continuation of Records Jarom concludes his writings by discussing the transference of the records to subsequent prophets and their continued efforts to preserve their language, religion, and culture. He emphasizes the prophetic warnings to the people to remain faithful, indicating a pattern of prophetic leadership that seeks to keep the society aligned with God’s will. Preservation of Culture and Religion : The meticulous efforts to keep records and maintain religious observances and teachings. Prophetic Leadership : The ongoing role of prophets in guiding, warning, and teaching the people to ensure cultural and spiritual continuity. Overview Omni The Book of Omni is a brief but complex component of the Book of Mormon, comprised of several short entries made by different record keepers from the line of Nephi. This book covers a transitional period in Nephite history, detailing changes in leadership, migrations, and significant encounters with other groups. The entries span several generations, documenting the passing of the plates from one keeper to another and highlighting both spiritual admonitions and major historical events. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Commentaries: A Comprehensive Commentary of the Book of Omni Josiah to Zoram to Sherem to Jarom and the Big Little Book of Omni Prophet of Loss: Mosiah1/Zeniff, Benjamin/Noah, Mosiah2/Limhi and the Emergence of the Almas. Life Spans of Lehi's Lineage Flashbacks in the Book of Mosiah Nephite Books Listed Chronologically Hidden Treasures: The Life and Legacy of Mosiah I Record Keeping and Lineage : The transmission of records underscores the importance of historical and spiritual continuity among the Nephites. The Prophets Who Wrote the Book of Omni Who Kept the Records in the Book of Mormon? (By Lineages) Nephite Books Compared by Length and Years Covered Whose Words Are Found in the Book of Mormon? Prophetic Decree and Ancient Histories Tell the Story of America Conflicts with Lamanites : Recurring references to conflicts reflect the perennial tensions between the Nephites and Lamanites. Nephite and Lamanite Kings Wars in the Book of Mormon Integration and Unity : The integration of the Nephites with the people of Zarahemla (Mulekites) highlights themes of unity and cooperation among distinct groups within the larger narrative of the Nephite history. Twelve Journeys between the Cities of Nephi and Zarahemla Leadership and Guidance : The role of divine guidance in leading Mosiah to Zarahemla and the decisions made by leaders like Zeniff demonstrate the importance of prophecy and revelation in guiding the people. Hidden Treasures: The Life and Legacy of Mosiah I The Testimony of Amaleki Dealing with Conflict : The book offers insights into handling conflicts and the importance of spiritual fortitude in adversarial situations. Value of Unity : The narrative encourages unity and cooperation among diverse groups, showing how different cultures can come together under shared beliefs and common goals. “Come unto Me, O Ye House of Israel” Literary and Linguistic Correlations: Proper Names from the Small Plates: Some Notes on the Personal Names Zoram, Jarom, Omni, and Mosiah “I of Myself Am a Wicked Man”: Some Notes on Allusion and Textual Dependency in Omni 1:1-2 Book of Mormon Names Attested in Ancient Hebrew Inscriptions What Was a "Mosiah"? Proper Names and Political Claims: Semitic Echoes as Foundations for Claims to the Nephite Throne. The Hebrew Origin of Three Book of Mormon Place-Names Archaeological Insights: Ancient Europeans in America? Why Should Readers Pay Close Attention to the Mulekites? Has the Seal of Mulek Been Found? The ‘Mulekites’ The Mulekites "Latest Discoveries" Major Topics/ Themes ​Summary ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Omni Entries by Omni, Amaron, Chemish, Abinadom, and Amaleki Vs. 1-11 Omni : Starts the record by confessing his own shortcomings in keeping the commandments but notes ongoing conflicts with the Lamanites who continue to harass the Nephites. Amaron : Briefly notes that the more wicked part of the Nephites were destroyed and records the righteousness of the people who remained. Chemish : Adds a brief note affirming the record-keeping of his brother Amaron. Abinadom : Reports ongoing wars with the Lamanites and mentions he killed a Lamanite aggressor but offers little on spiritual matters. Amaleki : Provides a more detailed account, recording the discovery of the people of Zarahemla who had come from Jerusalem but did not have the records of the Jews. He notes King Mosiah's arrival and the integration of the two groups. Did “Others” Influence Book of Mormon Peoples? A Pattern in the Small Plates The Record of Amaleki Vs 12-30 Discovery of the Land of Nephi : Amaleki records Mosiah being commanded to flee the land of Nephi with those who would follow him, leading them to the land of Zarahemla. Union with the Mulekites : Amaleki details Mosiah’s encounter with the people of Zarahemla (Mulekites), their subsequent union, and the establishment of Mosiah as their king. This significantly expanded the Nephite territory and population. The Record of Coriantumr : Amaleki notes the discovery of Coriantumr, the last Jaredite, by the people of Zarahemla and briefly recounts the Jaredite's end. Expedition to the Land of Nephi-Lehi : Amaleki concludes with an account of an expedition led by a man named Zeniff, who returned to the land of Nephi with a group to inherit it. Why Should Readers Pay Close Attention to the Mulekites? Why was Coriantumr's Record Engraved on a "Large Stone"? Mulek, a Son of Zedekiah Large Engraved Stones Wordplay on Zarahemla Overview Words of Mormon The Words of Mormon is a short, transitional book in the Book of Mormon, situated between the small plates of Nephi and the larger narrative of the Book of Mosiah. This brief interlude, authored by Mormon, serves multiple purposes: it connects the small plates with Mormon's abridgment of the Nephite record, provides context for the record's compilation, and shares Mormon's personal reflections on the revelations of God and the importance of the records This record serves as an essential connecting narrative, offering profound insights into the purposes of scriptural records. It highlights the careful considerations involved in preserving the sacred teachings and histories of the Nephites, all framed by Mormon's deep commitment to ensuring that these records serve to bring others unto Christ. This brief book thus sets the stage for the narratives that follow while providing a reflective look at the spiritual and historical stewardship of Mormon. Below is an overview highlighting major themes, events by verse, and significant cross-references to biblical literature, along with insights into Hebraic culture and linguistic elements where applicable. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: The Role of Divine Guidance in Record-Keeping : Mormon emphasizes the guidance of the Spirit in his decision to include the small plates with his abridgment, highlighting the role of divine intervention in preserving sacred scripture. That Which You Have Translated, Which You Have Retained The Small Plates of Nephi and the Words of Mormon Book of Mormon Redaction Chart Book of Mormon Plates and Records Writings of Mormon Bare Record: The Nephite Archivist, The Record of Records, and the Book of Mormon Provenance How Does Prophecy Shape the Book of Mormon’s Content and Structure? Prophecy and History: Structuring the Abridgment of the Nephite Records Textual Consistency How Does the “Mosiah-First” Translation Sequence Strengthen Faith? Why Bother Studying the Textual Variants in the Book of Mormon? Value of Spiritual Teachings : The inclusion of the small plates is justified by their rich spiritual content, emphasizing the importance of doctrinal teachings over mere historical account. "I Speak Somewhat Concerning That Which I Have Written" Positivism and the Priority of Ideology in Mosiah-First Theories of Book of Mormon Production How Is Prosperity Defined in Nephi’s Small Plates? The Lord Will Prosper the Righteous Prospering in the Land of Promise King Benjamin’s Leadership : Briefly mentioned, King Benjamin’s effective and spiritually powerful leadership serves as a transition point into the detailed accounts of his reign that follow in the Book of Mosiah. Deuteronomy 17:14–20 as Criteria for Book of Mormon Kingship Continuity and Preservation of Records : Mormon’s reflections underscore the purpose and process of scriptural compilation, which is to preserve the records for future generations who will need spiritual guidance. Metal Plates and the Book of Mormon The Book of Lehi and the Plates of Lehi Notes and Communications: The Book of Lehi and the Plates of Lehi What if Martin Harris Didn’t Lose all of the 116 Pages? Understanding Scripture Compilation : Modern readers gain insight into how scriptural records are compiled and preserved, providing a deeper appreciation for the scriptures as a whole. When Hypotheses Collide: Responding to Lyon and Minson’s "When Pages Collide" When Pages Collide: Dissecting the Words of Mormon Covering Up the Black Hole in the Book of Mormon Importance of Prophetic Guidance : The text reinforces the belief in ongoing revelation and prophetic leadership as essential elements in spiritual governance and guidance. Legacy of Faith : Mormon’s hope that the records will benefit those who seek Christ encourages individuals to consider how their own spiritual legacies might influence future generations. Archeological and Contextual Insights: Sword of Laban as a Symbol of Divine Authority The Sword of Laban as a Symbol of Divine Authority and Kingship Killing Laban: The Birth of Sovereignty in the Nephite Constitutional Order Nephi and Goliath: A Case Study of Literary Allusion in the Book of Mormon Major Topics/ Themes ​Summary ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Words of Mormon Introduction and Purpose Verses 1-2 Mormon introduces his role as the compiler of the Nephite records, explaining that he is abridging the plates and has found the small plates of Nephi, which he includes in his record. Why New Testament Words and Phrases Are in the Book of Mormon Part 7: How Often Did These Commonalities Come through the Hand of Mormon or Moroni? Survivor Witnesses Subscriptio Reflections Verses 3-5 Mormon praises the content of the small plates for their spiritual insights and the prophecies concerning Christ. He expresses his delight in the plainness and spiritual depth of the teachings found in the earlier prophets' writings. Vs. 6-8 Mormon reflects on the reign of King Benjamin, noting the peace that came to the land under his righteous leadership. King Benjamin's character and the impact of his reign provide a case study in righteous leadership's power to influence society positively, akin to biblical leaders such as Josiah (2 Kings 22-23) or Nehemiah (Nehemiah 2-6). Why is “Words of Mormon” at the End of the Small Plates? How Does the “Mosiah-First” Translation Sequence Strengthen Faith? The Spiritual Purpose of the Records Verses 9-11 Mormon concludes by expressing his hope that the records he compiles will benefit future generations who seek Jesus Christ. He offers a prayer that the Lord will preserve the records for the spiritual benefit of future generations. This purpose aligns with the broader biblical theme of testimony and witness found in scriptures like John 20:31 and the emphasis on the word of God as a tool for spiritual enlightenment and salvation (Psalm 119:105). Why Was the Sword of Laban So Important to Nephite Leaders? Church Videos & Resources Jacob - Mosiah Talks and References This Month in Come Follow Me Scripture Central Study Guide Video Commentary Listed above in podcast section Know Whys Listed above in relation to section. Evidences Listed above in relation to section. Written Commentary John W. Welch Notes - Come Follow Me Book of Mormon Minute by Brant A Gardner Reading Plan Structure your personal scripture study by following a 15-minute, day-by-day plan. Each day's assignment includes the required scripture passages from the Come, Follow Me curriculum, as well as suggestions for additional resources to bring context and understanding to your study. For the best experience, use our  Reading Plan in the free ScripturePlus app ! You can track your progress and have access to the best resources. Monday Scripture: Enos 1:1–18 Commentary:  Enos Prays That God Will Preserve a Record of His People Commentary:  Following Nephi's and Jacob's Instructions Commentary:  Enos 1:1-2 Additional Study Commentary:  Enos 1:3-5 Commentary:  Enos 1:6-8 Commentary:  Enos 1:9-10 KnoWhy:  Why New Testament Words and Phrases Are in the Book of Mormon Part 7: How Often Did These Commonalities Come through the Hand of Mormon or Moroni? Evidence:  Wordplay on Enos Evidence:  Enos and the Jacob-Esau Cycle Tuesday Scripture: Enos 1:19–27 Commentary:  Enos 1:19-21 Commentary:  Enos 1:22-24 Commentary:  Enos 1:25-27 Evidence:  Cimeters Additional Study KnoWhy:  How Did Enos Liken the Scriptures to His Own Life? Evidence:  Bow and Arrow Wednesday Scripture:  Omni 1:1–30 Commentary:  Jarom, the Son of Enos Commentary:  Jarom 1:1-2 Commentary:  Jarom 1:3-4 Commentary:  Jarom 1:7-9 Commentary:  Jarom 1:10-12 Additional Study: Commentary:  Jarom 1:13-15 KnoWhy:  Why Were Genealogies Important to Book of Mormon Peoples? Evidence:  Javelins Evidence:  A Pattern in the Small Plates Thursday Scripture: Omni 1:1–30 Video:  Book of Mormon Evidence: Mulek, a Son of Zedekiah Commentary:  Omni Keeps the Record as Prescribed Additional Study: Commentary:  Amaleki Writes, Then Passes the Plates to King Benjamin Commentary:  How Did Mulek Travel to the New World? Commentary:  Omni 1:10-11 Commentary:  Omni 1:14-16 Commentary:  Omni 1:17 KnoWhy:  Why Should Readers Pay Close Attention to the Mulekites? Evidence:  Mulek, a Son of Zedekiah Friday Scripture: Words of Mormon 1:1–3 Commentary:  Chronology of Mormon's Writings Commentary:  Words of Mormon 1:1-2 Commentary:  Words of Mormon 1:3 KnoWhy:  Why is “Words of Mormon” at the End of the Small Plates? Additional Study: Evidence:  Survivor Witnesses Saturday Scripture: Words of Mormon 1:4–8 Commentary:  Words of Mormon 1:4-6 KnoWhy:  How Does the “Mosiah-First” Translation Sequence Strengthen Faith? Additional Study: Evidence:  Subscriptio Sunday Scripture: Words of Mormon 1:9–18 Commentary:  Mormon's Final Words (Prayers for the Grace of God) Commentary:  An Overlap of Two Abridged Historical Records Additional Study: Commentary:  That Which Had Been Translated and Retained Commentary:  False Christs among the Nephites Commentary:  Words of Mormon 1:7-9 Commentary:  Words of Mormon 1:10-11 Commentary:  Words of Mormon 1:15 Commentary:  Words of Mormon 1:16-18 KnoWhy:  Why Was the Sword of Laban So Important to Nephite Leaders? Maps & Charts Writings of Mormon Life Spans of Lehi's Lineage Life Spans of Mosiah's Lineage Nephite and Lamanite Kings Key Doctrinal Chapters: 1 Nephi–Omni Wars in the Book of Mormon Data on Wars Involving the Nephites References to Nephite Fortifications Recorded in the Book of Mormon Mesoamerican Fortified and Defensive Sites by Period Metals in the Book of Mormon Whose Words Are Found in the Book of Mormon? Number of Pages in Books of the Book of Mormon Average Number of Pages Covering One Nephite Year Nephite Books Compared by Length and Years Covered Nephite Books Listed Chronologically Names Used for Christ by Major Book of Mormon Authors Names and Concepts Associated with Christ by Major Book of Mormon Authors Number of Names Used for Christ by Major Book of Mormon Authors Number of Names for Christ Used Exclusively by Individual Authors Ten Essential Features of Book of Mormon Geography Geographical Names Listed Alphabetically Geographical Names Listed by Scripture Reference Images Book of Mormon Videos Images, Enos 1 Brian C. Hailes The Prayer of Enos Al R. Young And My Soul Hungered (Enos Praying) Robert T. Barrett Enos Praying Walter Rane I Did Raise M y Voice That It Reached the Heavens Bibliography & Additional Resource Listed in Commentary above BYU’s RSC Enos: His Mission and His Message Faith Unto Repentance That They May Know How to Come unto Him and Be Saved Books The Book of Mormon Made Easier Set, With Included Chronological Map (Gospel Study) The Annotated Book of Mormon Beholding the Tree of Life: A Rabbinic Approach to the Book of Mormon Gathered in One: How the Book of Mormon Counters Anti-Semitism in the New Testament Feasts and Festivals of the Messiah (Preparing for and Worshipping in the Latter-day Saint Temple: Understanding Symbolism, Promises, Learnings & Covenants) Passover Seder Script Days of Awe: Jewish Holy Days, Symbols and Prophecies for Latter-day Saints

CFM: April 8-14 Jacob 5–7 Videos, Podcasts, & Weekly Lesson Material Media ​Lesson Extension ​Additional Materials Scripture Central Jacob 5-7 The Allegory of the Olive Tree | A Marvelous Work | Episode 2 Scripture Study Insights Insights and Evidences for the Allegory of the Olive Tree Book of Mormon Insights with Taylor and Tyler: Revisited Scripture Insights Study Guide Follow Him Jacob 5-7 with Dr. Matthew L Bowen Part 1 Part 2 Transcripts Line Upon Line Jacob 5-7 Not yet posted Teaching with Power Jacob 5-7 ​ Teaching Bundle for Book of Mormon, available on Etsy. Don't Miss This Jacob 5-7 ​ Book of Mormon Matters with John W Welch and Lynne Hilton Wilson Jacob 5-7 John W. Welch Notes ​Unshaken Jacob 5-7 Part 1: The Allegory of the Olive Tree Part 2: "I Could Not Be Shaken ​ ​The Interpreter Foundation Jacob 5-7 ​Commentary by John Claybaugh ​Teaching Helps with John Hilton Jacob 5-7 The Book of Mormon, A Master Class A Perfect Knowledge of Christ ​ ​Scripture Gems Jacob 5-7 ​ Come Follow Up Jacob 5-7 Latter Day Kids Jacob 5-7 The Allegory of the Olive Tree Scripture Explorers Jacob 5-7 Jacob and Sherem ​Talking Scripture Jacob 5-7 Ep 262 Jacob 5-7 How to Combat the Influence of Those Who Seek to Destroy the Faith Show Notes Hugh Nibley on Zenos the Prophet Jacob 5 The Allegory of the Olive Tree Chart Anti-Christs in the Book of Mormon Book of Mormon Minute, Brant A. Gardner Vol. 2 Jacob 5 Jacob 6 Jacob 7 Saving Talents: Devotionals & FHE for Children Jacob 5-7 ​Hurricane Utah Adult Religion Class , Book of Mormon The Allegory of the Olive Tree: Jacob Contended with Sherem Video: Lesson Lesson 6: Notes , Slides , Handout Resources and Insights for this Week's Lesson The Book of Mormon and the Old Testament: A Cultural and Religious Dialogue Overview and Introduction to Jacob 5-7 Symbolic Nature of the Parable of the Lord and His Vineyard To preface this lesson, let's review some of our previous discussions regarding the Language of Symbolism. It's crucial to remember this when delving into the symbolic nature and language of the scriptures to ensure we don't miss the intended mark and meaning. Gerald N. Lund, a CES director for the church, provided insights and guidance on interpreting scriptural symbolism in an Ensign article titled “Understanding Scriptural Symbolism.” Lund offers six points to aid our study: 1. Do the Scriptures provide an interpretation? 2. Can the writings of the Prophets aid in interpreting the symbolic imagery? 3. Utilize study aids available, such as the Topical Guide, Dictionary, Maps, etc. (Concordances, Lexicons, Almanacs, Encyclopedias, Timelines, etc.), to place things into linguistic, historic, and cultural context. 4. Learn from the nature of the symbol itself. 5. Listen to the promptings of the Spirit. 6. Ensure the interpretation of symbolism aligns with other revelation and gospel knowledge. The final guideline emphasizes that any interpretation of a symbol must fit within the broader scope of gospel knowledge. Regardless of how logical or ingenious our interpretation might seem, if it contradicts other revealed truths, it is likely incorrect. *7. Consider that opposition exists in all things; symbols can have both positive and negative interpretations. Educating oneself on the appropriate context is key to understanding the intended meaning. (Note: Point 7 was added by me and is not part of Elder Lund’s address.) These principles are vital as we dive into this lesson, especially points 6 and 7, because it's easy for people to misinterpret or misrepresent some of these concepts, whether unintentionally or intentionally. Misunderstandings, doctrinal disputes, conspiracy theories, and more have been concocted, twisted, and manipulated by misusing and abusing some of the concepts discussed in this lesson. Throughout history, this has led to significant conflicts, confusion, and divisions. Therefore, understanding how these principles work can help one to better discern between proper and improper uses, to detect counterfeits, and to identify things we should be paying closer attention to. As one keeps these key principles in mind when exploring scriptural symbolism, they can avoid unnecessary confusion to stay safe and properly aligned with the Word of the Lord. Several weeks ago, I posted a link to an interview between Scripture Central and a Jewish Rabbi named Joe Charmes, who has taken a special interest into the Book of Mormon. One of the subjects he covers specifically in his interview is Jacob 5. Rabbi Charmes talks about reading this chapter from a Jewish perspective. He uses the term Midrash , which is a method of Jewish interpretation and commentary for Hebraic Scripture. He notes that the Book of Mormon is Hebraic scripture, therefore, he explains that these interpretive techniques are especially relevant, appropriate, and insightful, particularly as one studies chapters like Jacob 5. How Jews Apply Midrash to Scripture Expanding the Narrative : Midrashic interpretation frequently adds details to the biblical narratives, providing background stories, motivations of characters, and moral lessons that are not explicitly stated in the text. These expansions aim to fill in gaps or resolve ambiguities within the scriptures. Legal Interpretation : In addition to narrative expansion, Midrash is used to derive halachic (Jewish law) principles from the scriptural text. This can involve deducing laws from stories or commandments, interpreting the implications of specific words or phrases, and applying the Torah's teachings to new or unaddressed situations. Homiletical or Aggadic Midrash : This form of Midrash focuses on moral and theological lessons, using the scripture as a springboard for ethical discussions, instruction, spiritual insights, and reflections on the nature of God, humanity, and the universe. It often employs parables, allegories, and metaphors to convey deeper meanings. The term Aggadic comes from the term Haggadah הַגָּדָה , which is the traditional Jewish retelling of the Passover story from the Exodus, (from the root נ־ג־ד ngd, meaning "legend, speaking, narrating, to tell , present, or say " Related to נֶגֶד ) . Linking Texts : Midrashically, texts from different parts of the scriptures may be connected based on shared words, themes, or characters. This method highlights the perceived unity and intertextuality of the Hebrew Bible, suggesting that disparate passages can shed light on each other. Addressing Contemporary Issues : Midrash allows for the application of ancient texts to contemporary issues, ensuring that the teachings of the Torah remain relevant and accessible to each generation. Through Midrashic interpretation, ancient wisdom is applied to modern dilemmas, social issues, and personal spiritual growth. Examine Word plays and Numeric Symbolism: Midrashic practices frequently include analyzing words and numerical concepts to delve into the intricate layers of the Hebrew Scriptures, offering a richer understanding of the text beyond its literal meaning. These practices reflect the belief that every word, letter, and number in the scriptures holds divine significance and can reveal deeper spiritual insights. Analyzing Words: Notarikon, Gematria, and Wordplay Notarikon : This technique involves taking each letter of a word and interpreting it as an abbreviation for another word, this concept is sometimes extended to examine the various words within a given word, thereby revealing deeper meaning and insight. For example, the first word of the Torah, "בראשית" demonstrates this concept. In Hebrew, B e reishit, means "in a beginning", Gen 1:1 INT , (Note: it is not " the " beginning as it is mistranslated in the KJV. If it were "the beginning" it would be pronounced B a reshit, with a patach vowel indication denoting the direct article "the," and not a schwah, which indicated the indirect article "a". In other words, Bereshit is not describing the Big Bang Theory or the Creation of the Universe. It is describing the beginning of this world specifically, this could be interpreted as the beginning of the Earth or even the beginning of the generations of Adam.) The word "בראשית" has historically been broken down by some Jewish scholars to demonstrate various cosmological insights about the creation: ( תהןם ב רא ר קיע א רץ ש מים ׳ם = "(from) the abyss, He created the firmament, the earth, the heavens, and the sea." Additionally, one can observe similar insights in the words within the word Bereshit . ברא Bara means he created. ראש Resh or Rosh means head or beginning. ראשית , Reshit with the ית suffix indicates a diminutive suffix, or a smaller something that is taken out of a larger whole. For example, one interpretation of Kaph is "cup or handful" and the kaphit, with the diminutive ית suffix, means "little cup," and would be equivalent to the English concept of a teaspoon. Therefore, one can see that the word Bereshit describes a beginning of a smaller beginning. This concept could therefore midrashically suggest that our world was created from something larger, patterned after something greater or a pre-existing entity that came before it. Rosh can can also indicate a chief or leader, and in early Christian traditions this symbolic concept was used to describe Jesus Christ, the Chi - Rho or "living head" of the family/ kingdom of God. Gematria : Gematria is a numerological technique where each Hebrew letter is assigned a numerical value. Anciently, letters and numbers used the same symbols, there was no written distinction between the two and one had to look at the context to determine if the symbol was referring to a phonetic or numeric concept. Thus, Aleph could refer to the consonant or to the number 1, Beth -2, Gimel - 3, and so on. The formal distinction between letters and numbers, as we understand them today, did not develop until the 7th Century AD. Therefore, ancient and Biblical writers would sometimes use clever interplays between letters and numbers to highlight symbolic themes and principles. Words or phrases with the same numerical value were sometimes considered to be related and could shed light on one other. This practice was intended to reveal connections between different parts of the text or to uncover deeper or hidden messages within the scripture. For example, the number 666 used in the Book of Revelation was used to identify the Anti-Christ. This was most likely a gamatrial reference to the Roman Emperor Nero. Gematria is a complicated subject that has historically been misunderstood and abused. In many ways, the account of Sherem indicates the idea of seeking for, misusing, and abusing signs and symbols. This story presents the exact opposite of what Jacob teaches in chapter 5, so be aware of this, and be especially cautious if you come across things of this nature. Be sure that the sources you explore are credible and reliable, the Bible itself is the most credible written source, so use it. There is a lot of misinformation circulating regarding this topic, especially on social media and online. One should be aware and vigilant to use and understand the scriptures properly, these sacred texts serve as an invaluable tools to help us identify error and deception. Wordplay : Midrash often employs puns, wordplays, homonyms, poetic alliterations, structure, form, etc. to explore the deeper layers and meanings of words. This can involve playing with the sounds and meanings of different Hebrew words to draw out ethical lessons, prophetic insights, or various theological principles. These topic are briefly explored by Rabbi Charmes during his interview, where he notes how masterfully these concepts relate to Jacob 5. He specifically points out that Jacob 5 is the longest chapter of the Book of Mormon and that it has 77 chapters. He explains that this simple piece of information  can uncover deeper layers of interpretation and connection within the text and broader scriptural themes. Let's briefly explore some of these concepts. The Numerical Symbolism of 77 in Jacob 5 Symbolism of 7 and 77 : The number 7 in biblical tradition often symbolizes completeness, perfection, or divine ordinance. By extension, 77 could amplify this symbolism, representing an even greater completeness or a perfect completion of a divine cycle or process. In the context of Jacob 5, which deals with the Lord's vineyard (symbolizing His people and the world), the 77 verses could suggest the fullness of the Lord's work with His people, from the initial covenant to the final gathering and salvation. Correlation with Atonement and Forgiveness : Christ's teaching to forgive "seventy times seven" times (Matthew 18:21-22) resonates with the notion of boundless forgiveness and patience. This concept can be midrashically connected to Jacob 5, where the Lord of the vineyard exhibits immense patience, care, and repeated efforts to save the vineyard. The 77 verses could symbolically underscore the theme of divine forgiveness, long-suffering, and the exhaustive efforts of the Atonement to reclaim and save every soul willing to come unto Christ. Applying Word Analysis and the Concept of 7 Times 70 Word Analysis : One can Explore key terms within Jacob 5, such as "graft," "prune," "dig," and "nourish," through methods like consulting with a dictionary or concordance, to see how these words are used in other locations of scripture. Principles associated with gematria or notarikon could reveal additional insights into the processes of spiritual growth, repentance, and renewal. For instance, examining the Hebrew equivalents of these words and their numerical values could uncover connections to other scriptural instances of transformation and redemption. The Parable of 7 Times 70 : The parable of forgiving seventy times seven, taught by Jesus, can be midrashically linked to Jacob 5's theme of the Lord's persistent efforts to nurture and save His vineyard. This connection highlights the limitless nature of God's mercy and the extensive work of the Atonement, which encompasses not just a single act of forgiveness but an ongoing process of renewal and return to God. Midrashic Interpretation and Application Through midrashic interpretation, Jacob 5 becomes a rich tapestry illustrating the themes of divine patience, the Atonement's encompassing reach, and the invitation to continuous repentance and return to God. The chapter's structure, with 77 verses, serves as a numerical testament to the completeness of God's plan for His children and His boundless capacity for forgiveness. Such an interpretation invites readers to see themselves within the allegory of the vineyard—as branches that are tenderly cared for, pruned, and nourished by the Lord, with the ultimate goal of producing good fruit through the Atonement of Jesus Christ. In this light, Jacob 5 not only recounts the history and destiny of the House of Israel but also offers a profound reflection on individual and collective redemption, emphasizing the need for and the possibility of forgiveness, healing, and unity through Christ. Word Meanings & Symbolism for Contemplation and Exploration Additional Supplemental materials have been provided in the link above for the reader to explore some of the Hebraic correlations discussed in Jacob 5. Overview Jacob 5 As discussed previously, this chapter is the longest chapter in the Book of Mormon and it stands as one of the most compelling and intricate chapters within the text, offering a profound allegory of the olive tree, attributed to the prophet Zenos from the brass plates. This chapter is significant not only for its doctrinal depth but also for its intricate symbolism concerning the history and destiny of the house of Israel and the Lord's labor in His vineyard. It serves as a masterful representation of God's patience, care, and relentless efforts in bringing His children to the covenant and salvation through Jesus Christ. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: The Symbolic Significance of the Olive Tree: Garden of Gethsemane: the surprising significance of the olive trees The Olive Tree Allegory (1993) The Allegory of the Olive Tree The Allegory of the Olive Tree: The Olive, the Bible, and Jacob 5 The Allegory of the Olive Tree: An Instructional Model for Leaders "Ye Shall Have Joy with Me": The Olive Tree, the Lord, and His Servants ‘I Have Done According to My Will’: Reading Jacob 5 as a Temple Text The Allegory of the Olive Tree in Jacob Explicating the Mystery of the Rejected Foundation Stone: The Allegory of the Olive Tree The Lord’s Vineyard : The allegory centers around a vineyard that the Lord cultivates, symbolizing the world and God’s efforts to nurture His children. The olive tree represents the house of Israel, with its complexities, including periods of productivity and decay. The Olive Tree and the Work of God: Jacob 5 and Romans 11 Romans 11:17–24: A Bibliography of Commentaries Scattering and Gathering of Israel : Zenos describes the process of grafting branches from a wild olive tree into the tame one and vice versa. This represents the scattering and gathering of Israel, a central theme in Latter-day Saint theology, indicating God's hand in the dispersion and eventual restoration of His people. Allegory of Zenos Zenos Nephite Uses and Interpretations of Zenos Zenos and the Texts of the Old Testament Borrowings from the Parable of Zenos The Role of Gentiles : The allegory acknowledges the role of Gentiles in the salvation history, represented by the wild olive branches grafted into the tame tree. It highlights the inclusion of Gentiles in God's covenant and their part in the gathering of Israel. The Olive in Greco-Roman Religion Graft and Corruption: On Olives and Olive Culture in the Pre-Modern Mediterranean Divine Care, Patience, and Diligence : The Lord's meticulous care for the olive trees, through nourishing, pruning, and grafting, underscores themes of divine love, patience, and the Lord's diligent desire for the salvation of all His children. Three Trees in the Book of Mormon Botanical Aspects of Olive Culture Relevant to Jacob 5 Botantical Comparisons in the Allegory of the Olive Tree Recent Notes About Olives in Antiquity The Final Gathering and Judgment : The chapter culminates in the burning of the fruitless branches and the preservation of the fruitful ones, symbolizing the final judgment and the establishment of God's kingdom. Autumn, Olives, and the Atonement A Mormon Theodicy: Jacob and the Problem of Evil Understanding of God’s Dealings with Israel : Jacob 5 offers insight into the historical and spiritual dynamics of God’s relationship with the house of Israel, providing a broader understanding of biblical prophecy and history. The Olive Press: A Symbol of Christ Ritual Anointing with Olive Oil in Ancient Israelite Religion Olive Culture in the Second Temple Era and Early Rabbinic Period “The Messiah Will Set Himself Again”: Jacob’s Use of Isaiah 11:11 in 2 Nephi 6:14 and Jacob 6:2 Appreciation for Divine Patience and Care : Modern readers can find solace and encouragement in the portrayal of God’s unwavering care and patience with His children, reflecting on His willingness to nurture and save. Inclusivity of God’s Love : The allegory underscores the inclusivity of God’s covenant, inviting all, including Gentiles, to partake of the blessings of the gospel, which can foster a sense of unity and purpose in the work of gathering Israel today. Jacob's Allegory: The Mystery of Christ Reflection on Personal and Collective Spiritual Growth : The detailed care given to the olive trees serves as a metaphor for personal and communal spiritual cultivation, encouraging individuals and communities to reflect on their contribution to the Lord’s vineyard. Personal Applications of Olive Symbolism Linguistic Correlations and Patterns: Dative Impersonals Language Themes in Jacob 5: "The Vineyard of the Lord of hosts is the house of Israel" (Isaiah 5:7) Olive Culture in the Second Temple Era and Early Rabbinic Period Jacob 4–6: Substantive Textual Variants between Manuscripts and Editions Types of Literature in the Book of Mormon: Allegories, Prayers, Songs, Genealogies Vineyard or Olive Orchard? Jacob 5 in the Nineteenth Century Words and Phrases in Jacob 5 Contents of the Plates of Brass The Last Words of Cenez and the Book of Mormon Jacob 5 is a rich, doctrinal tapestry woven with themes of love, patience, judgment, and redemption. Its allegorical exploration of the scattering and gathering of Israel, combined with the symbolism of God's vineyard, provides a deep well of insight for personal study and reflection. This chapter not only enhances understanding of God’s eternal plan but also invites readers to contemplate their role within that divine framework, emphasizing the ongoing nature of God’s work and the opportunity for each to contribute to the flourishing of the Lord’s vineyard. Major Topics/ Themes ​Summary ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Jacob 5 The Lord's Vineyard and Initial Decay Verses 1-3 : Introduction to the vineyard and the initial olive tree, symbolizing the house of Israel in a state of decay. Verses 4-14 : Efforts to save the tree through grafting and pruning, representing God's interventions to preserve and renew His covenant people. Jacob Teaches the Allegory of the Olive Tree (4K) References to the Lord and His Vineyard in Bible: Lev 25 ( INT ) Isaiah 5:7 ( INT ) Matthew 20-21( INT ) Mark 12:9 ( INT ) Luke 20 ( INT ) Is Anything Known of the Prophet Zenos Outside of the Book of Mormon? What are the Roots of Zenos's Allegory in the Ancient World? Why New Testament Words and Phrases Are in the Book of Mormon Part 5: How Often Were Scriptures on the Plates of Brass the Common Source? Why Did Zenos Give So Many Details about Raising Good Olives? Was Lehi Familiar with Zenos’s Allegory of the Olive Tree? Did Prophets Such as Ezekiel Know the Writings of Zenos? Why Did Book of Mormon Prophets Quote Long Passages of Scripture? Scattering of Israel and Grafting of Wild Branches Verses 15-28 : Description of grafting wild olive branches into the decaying tame tree and the scattering of tame branches among other trees, illustrating the intermingling of Israel among the nations and the inclusion of the Gentiles in God's plan. Botany and Jacob 5 (Nourishing) Botany and Jacob 5 (Pruning) Botany and Jacob 5 (Grafting) Botany and Jacob 5 (Harvesting) Botany and Jacob 5 (Overview) Mixed Results and Further Efforts 29-49 : Mixed results from the grafting efforts lead to further actions to save the vineyard, including more grafting and pruning, reflecting the ongoing efforts of God to nurture His people and bring them to salvation. Degradation and Renewed Efforts 50-77 : A period of degradation where the vineyard becomes corrupt, symbolizing apostasy. The Lord of the vineyard weeps for His vineyard but decides on renewed efforts to save it, including grafting in natural branches that were previously taken out, pointing to the gathering and restoration of Israel. The Final State of the Vineyard 78-77 : The final efforts to save the vineyard, with specific attention to the natural fruit, symbolize the Lord's ultimate plan for the salvation of His people, emphasizing the gathering of Israel and the establishment of Zion. Overview Jacob 6 Jacob 6 serves as Jacob's earnest conclusion and application of the allegory of the olive tree presented in Jacob 5. This chapter offers a direct and poignant appeal to the reader to consider the message of the allegory and to apply its lessons about God's love, judgment, and the importance of repentance in their lives. Jacob emphasizes the eternal stakes involved and calls his audience to action based on the teachings of the allegory. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Urgency of Repentance : Jacob 6 reiterates the allegory's call to repentance, emphasizing the immediate need for individuals to turn to God and amend their ways. Divine Judgment and Mercy : The chapter balances the themes of God’s mercy with the reality of judgment, portraying God as both a loving father and a just judge. Personal Responsibility : Jacob underscores the personal responsibility each individual has in responding to God’s invitations to repent and partake of His salvation. Enduring to the End : The encouragement to labor diligently in the Lord’s vineyard underscores the theme of enduring to the end in faith and righteousness. Self-Examination : Jacob 6 encourages readers to reflect on their own lives, to assess their spiritual state, and to make necessary changes. Appreciation for God as the Messiah, and His Patience : It invites a deeper appreciation for the patience and mercy God extends to His children, encouraging trust in His timing and pur poses. “The Messiah Will Set Himself Again”: Jacob’s Use of Isaiah 11:11 in 2 Nephi 6:14 and Jacob 6:2 Motivation for Spiritual Growth : The chapter serves as a motivation for continued spiritual growth and engagement in the work of the Lord, emphasizing the joy and fulfillment found in serving Christ. Hope in Redemption : Despite its warnings, Jacob 6 ultimately offers hope, reassuring rea ders of the potential for redemption and eternal joy through Jesus Christ. The Pleading Bar of God Literary Features and Functions: Why Are Certain Biblical Psalms Used by Book of Mormon Authors? Old Testament Psalms in the Book of Mormon Major Topics/ Themes ​Summary ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Jacob 6 Why Did Jacob Include the Case of Sherem? Call to Repentance and Reflection 1-4 : Jacob begins with a call to repentance, urging his readers to heed the Lord’s voice as depicted in the allegory of the olive tree. He highlights the Lord's mercy and the opportunity for salvation that is extended to all, if they will but respond to God’s call. Spiritual Urgency : Emphasizes the urgent need for spiritual introspection and repentance. Divine Mercy : Highlights God's readiness to forgive and gather His children as they turn to Him. What Do We Learn About Ministering from the Account of Sherem? “The Messiah Will Set Himself Again”: Jacob’s Use of Isaiah 11:11 in 2 Nephi 6:14 and Jacob 6:2 The Consequences of Denial 5-7 : Jacob warns of the eternal consequences of rejecting Christ and failing to repent. He underscores the finality of God's judgment at the last day and the sorrow that comes from being cut off from His presence. Eternal Judgment : Focuses on the sobering reality of divine judgment and the eternal loss incurred by those who reject the Savior. Call to Action : Serves as a motivator for individuals to align their lives with God’s will before it is too late. Why Are Certain Biblical Psalms Used by Book of Mormon Authors? ise 8-12 : The chapter concludes with an encouragement to labor diligently for the cause of Christ, promising that such efforts will not be in vain. Jacob expresses his own hope for redemption and invites his readers to seek the joy of God’s kingdom. Hope in Christ : Reiterates the hope and joy found in Jesus Christ and His Atonement. Final Testimony : Jacob offers his final testimony, emphasizing the reality of Christ’s redemption and the importance of enduring in faith. Why Did Sherem Die? Overview Jacob 7 Jacob 7 presents a significant shift from theological discussions to a historical account detailing the confrontation between Jacob, the Nephite prophet, and Sherem, a skeptic challenging the core beliefs of the Nephite faith. This narrative vividly illustrates the tension between belief and skepticism within the community, emphasizing the triumph of faith and divine witness over doubt and deception. The encounter between Jacob and Sherem highlights the crucial role of steadfast faith and the dangers of demanding signs over developing personal conviction and understanding. This chapter not only concludes Jacob's writings but also imparts lasting insights into the essence of faith, the pursuit of truth, and the transformative power of Jesus Christ, underscoring the necessity of upholding faith amidst life's trials and challenges. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Faith vs. Skepticism : The confrontation between Jacob and Sherem explores the tension between faith and skepticism, emphasizing the power of true faith grounded in personal revelation and divine witness. Sherem’s Accusations Against Jacob The Nature of Signs : The narrative addresses the desire for signs as proof of faith and the limitations and dangers associated with seeking signs rather than cultivating personal faith and understanding. To "See and Hear" Repentance and Redemption : Sherem’s end highlights the possibility of repentance and the power of God’s grace to bring individuals to a recognition of truth, even after a life of opposition. Death, Time, and Redemption: Structural Possibilities and Thematic Potential in Jacob 7:26 Prophetic Ministry : Jacob’s experiences and reflections offer insights into the challenges and solace of prophetic ministry, revealing the burdens, conflicts, and profound hope encountered by those called to lead God’s people. Cultivating Personal Faith : Jacob 7 invites readers to reflect on the sources of their faith and the importance of grounding belief in spiritual experiences and revelations rather than external proofs. References to Nephite Fortifications Recorded in the Book of Mormon Dealing with Doubt : The chapter provides a framework for navigating intellectual and spiritual doubts, highlighting the role of sincere questioning, prayer, and reliance on divine guidance. Witness of Christ : Through the figure of Jacob, the chapter reinforces the centrality of Jesus Christ in the gospel, encouraging readers to bear witness of Christ in their lives and testimonies. The Gospel as Taught by Nephite Prophets Endurance and Hope : Jacob’s enduring hope amidst trials offers a model for faithful perseverance, reminding readers of the long-term perspective and promises of the gospel. Linguistic Patterns and Correlations: Why Do the Authors on the Small Plates Follow a Pattern? Toward a Greater Appreciation of the Word Adieu in Jacob 7:27 Colophons in the Book of Mormon Who Kept the Records in the Book of Mormon? (By Lineages) Major Topics/ Themes ​Summary ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Jacob 7  The Challenge of Sherem 1-8 : Sherem, a man fluent in language and skilled in rhetoric, confronts Jacob, challenging the validity of Christ’s coming and demanding a sign to prove Jacob’s faith. This encounter sets the stage for a profound demonstration of faith and divine power. Intellectual Challenge : Sherem’s skepticism and demand for empirical proof highlight the intellectual challenges to faith. Defense of Faith : Jacob’s steadfastness in his testimony of Christ exemplifies the strength of spiritual conviction over rhetorical skill. Sherem Denies Christ The Case of Sherem Sherem’s Accusations against Jacob The Sign and Sherem’s Confession 9-15 : In response to Sherem’s demands, a sign is given by God, leaving Sherem stricken. After a period of reflection and suffering, Sherem confesses the truth of Christ before dying. This event serves as a divine vindication of Jacob’s faith and a warning to those who would seek to undermine the faith of others through sophistry and doubt. Divine Intervention : The episode demonstrates that divine power can confound human wisdom and assert the truth of divine revelations. Repentance and Confession : Sherem’s final confession underscores the theme of repentance and the recognition of truth, even in the face of prior skepticism. Jacob’s Reflections and Conclusion 16-23 : The chapter concludes with Jacob reflecting on the trials of his ministry, including the confrontation with Sherem and the broader challenges of leading a people in righteousness. Despite his trials, Jacob expresses his firm hope in the promises of God and the eventual triumph of faith. Endurance in Faith : Jacob’s reflections highlight the theme of enduring faith amidst adversity. Hope in Redemption : The chapter closes with a forward-looking hope in the redemptive promises of God, reinforcing the eternal nature of the gospel. Church Videos & Resources Jacob Teaches about Pride and Chastity | Jacob 2–3 Scripture Central Study Guide Video Commentary Listed above in podcast section Know Whys Listed above in relation to section. Evidences Listed above in relation to section. Written Commentary John W. Welch Notes - Come Follow Me Book of Mormon Minute by Brant A Gardner Reading Plan Structure your personal scripture study by following a 15-minute, day-by-day plan. Each day's assignment includes the required scripture passages from the Come, Follow Me curriculum, as well as suggestions for additional resources to bring context and understanding to your study. For the best experience, use our  Reading Plan in the free ScripturePlus app ! You can track your progress and have access to the best resources. Monday Scripture: Jacob 5:1–5 Commentary:  Who Wrote This Allegory? Commentary:  What Does the Olive Tree Represent? Commentary:  How Did the Olive Tree Represent the House of Israel? Commentary:  Jacob 5:1-2 Commentary:  Jacob 5:3-4 KnoWhy:  Is Anything Known of the Prophet Zenos Outside of the Book of Mormon? Evidence:  Botany and Jacob 5 (Nourishing) Tuesday Scripture: Jacob 5:6–28 Commentary:  Who Are the Lord and His Servant? Commentary:  The Lord Preserves the Fruit of the Tree Commentary:  The Lord Will Take Care of the Olive Tree Commentary:  What Are the Nethermost Parts of the Vineyard? Commentary:  Jacob 5:13-14 Commentary:  Jacob 5:15-18 Commentary:  Jacob 5:19-22 KnoWhy:  Why Did Zenos Give So Many Details about Raising Good Olives? Evidence:  Dative Impersonals Wednesday Scripture: Jacob 5:29–50 Commentary:  Grafting in Wild Branches to Nourish the Root Commentary:  Balancing the Growth of the Roots and the Loftiness of the Branches Commentary:  Jacob 5:33-37 Commentary:  Jacob 5:48-51 Evidence:  Botany and Jacob 5 (Pruning) KnoWhy:  Was Lehi Familiar with Zenos’s Allegory of the Olive Tree? Thursday Scripture: Jacob 5:51–69 Commentary:  Other Servants Are Called Commentary:  Jacob 5:52-56 Commentary:  Jacob 5:57-59 Commentary:  Jacob 5:60-64 Commentary:  Jacob 5:65-69 KnoWhy:  Did Prophets Such as Ezekiel Know the Writings of Zenos? Evidence:  Botany and Jacob 5 (Grafting) Friday Scripture: Jacob 5:70–77 Commentary:  Jacob 5:70-73 Commentary:  Jacob 5:74-75 Commentary:  Jacob 5:76-77 Evidence:  Botany and Jacob 5 (Harvesting) Evidence:  Botany and Jacob 5 (Overview) KnoWhy:  Why Did Book of Mormon Prophets Quote Long Passages of Scripture? Saturday Scripture: Jacob 6:1–13 Commentary:  Jacob Does Not Want the Nephites to be Cast into the Fire Commentary:  Jacob Bids Farewell to His People Commentary:  Jacob 6:1-3 Commentary:  Jacob 6:4-6 Commentary:  Jacob 6:7-8 Sunday Scripture: Jacob 7:1–27 Commentary:  Sherem Was an Educated Man Commentary:  Jacob 7:1-2 Commentary:  Jacob 7:5 Commentary:  Jacob 7:21-23 Commentary:  Jacob 7:26-27 KnoWhy:  Why Did Jacob Include the Case of Sherem? KnoWhy:  What Do We Learn About Ministering from the Account of Sherem? Evidence:  Sherem’s Accusations against Jacob KnoWhy:  Why Did Sherem Die? Maps & Charts Life Spans of Lehi's Lineage Key Doctrinal Chapters: 1 Nephi–Omni The Allegory of the Olive Tree Symbolic Elements in Zenos's Allegory Personal Applications of Olive Symbolism Three Trees in the Book of Mormon Legal Cases and Procedures in the Book of Mormon Three Diverse Opponents of the Nephites References to Nephite Fortifications Recorded in the Book of Mormon Mesoamerican Fortified and Defensive Sites by Period Whose Words Are Found in the Book of Mormon? Number of Pages in Books of the Book of Mormon Average Number of Pages Covering One Nephite Year Nephite Books Compared by Length and Years Covered Nephite Books Listed Chronologically Names Used for Christ by Major Book of Mormon Authors Names and Concepts Associated with Christ by Major Book of Mormon Authors Number of Names Used for Christ by Major Book of Mormon Authors Number of Names for Christ Used Exclusively by Individual Authors Ten Essential Features of Book of Mormon Geography Geographical Names Listed Alphabetically Geographical Names Listed by Scripture Reference Images Book of Mormon Videos Images, Jacob 7 Jody Livingston Olive Tree Branches (Fruit-Filled vs. Barren) The Branches and Roots of an Olive Tree Hannah Allen The Olive Tree Nancy Andruk Olson The Olive Grove Bibliography & Additional Resource Listed in Commentary above BYU’s RSC Video—Jacob’s Teachings (Jacob 4–6) Jacob: Prophet, Theologian, Historian Pride and Riches Additional Videos, Articles, & Insights Creative Object Lessons with Maria Eckersley Garden of Gethsemane Tour - Jesus' HARDEST moment (how to approach the site) Books The Book of Mormon Made Easier Set, With Included Chronological Map (Gospel Study) The Annotated Book of Mormon Beholding the Tree of Life: A Rabbinic Approach to the Book of Mormon Gathered in One: How the Book of Mormon Counters Anti-Semitism in the New Testament Feasts and Festivals of the Messiah (Preparing for and Worshipping in the Latter-day Saint Temple: Understanding Symbolism, Promises, Learnings & Covenants) Passover Seder Script Days of Awe: Jewish Holy Days, Symbols and Prophecies for Latter-day Saints

CFM : June 10-16 Alma 5-7 Videos, Podcasts, & Weekly Lesson Material Media ​Lesson Extension Scripture Central Alma 5-7 Scripture Study Insights Insights with Taylor and Tyler: Revisited Scripture Insights Follow Him Alma 5-7 Part 1 Part 2 Transcripts Line Upon Line Alma 5-7 Not Yet Posted Teaching with Power Alma 5-7 ​ Teaching Bundle for Book of Mormon, available on Etsy. Don't Miss This Alma 5-7 Book of Mormon Matters with John W Welch and Lynne Hilton Wilson Alma 5-7 John W. Welch Notes ​Unshaken Alma 5-7 The Mighty Change of Heart ​The Interpreter Foundation Alma 5-7 ​Commentary by John Claybaugh ​Teaching Helps with John Hilton Alma 5-7 The Book of Mormon, A Master Class He Understands Your Pain ​Scripture Gems Alma 5-7 Book of Mormon Map Come Follow Up Mosiah 29–Alma 4 The Scriptures Are Real Alma 5-7 The Path to Spiritual Rebirth Revealed Latter Day Kids Alma 5-7 The Missionary Mouse Scripture Explorers Alma 5-7 A Mighty Change of Heart Gospel for Kids Alma 5-7 ​Talking Scripture Alma 5-7 Show Notes Grounded Alma 5-7 Book of Mormon Minute, Brant A. Gardner Vol. 2 Volume 3: Alma Alma 5 Alma 6 Alma 7 Saving Talents: Devotionals & FHE for Children Alma 5-7 Our Mothers Knew It Insights Creative Object Lesson Hurricane Utah Adult Religion Class , Book of Mormon The Ministry of Alma & Amulek Video Notes Slides / Handout Resources and Insights for this Week's Lesson The Book of Mormon: A Cultural and Religious Dialogue Leading up to Alma 5, the Nephite society faced significant challenges, both internally and externally, which are detailed in Alma 1-4. Alma the Younger, who underwent a dramatic conversion from rebellion to spiritual leadership, served as both the chief judge and high priest. His dual role proved challenging amid the false teachings and priestcraft introduced by Nehor, whose execution for murder did not erase the divisions he caused. The political turmoil continued with Amlici's rebellion, which sought to overthrow the government and reestablish a monarchy, leading to considerable bloodshed and societal unrest. This conflict culminated in a devastating war against the Amlicites and the Lamanites, leaving the Nephite society to deal with the aftermath of widespread destruction and loss. The church also faced internal strife, with pride, envy, and contention among its members causing spiritual decline and hindering missionary efforts. Recognizing the urgent need for dedicated spiritual leadership, Alma relinquished his role as chief judge to Nephihah to focus entirely on his duties as high priest. This decision underscored the necessity of addressing the spiritual crises and providing undivided attention to preaching, teaching, and ministering. Alma’s decision to step down from his civic responsibilities allowed him to confront the profound spiritual decline within Nephite society, where even church members were creating stumbling blocks for themselves and others. This context leads into Alma's powerful addresses in Alma 5-7, where he calls the people to repentance and emphasizes the need for spiritual rebirth and conversion. A few weeks ago, a link to a powerpoint that outlined the 7 Moedim, or the Divine Appointment of the Lord was included. This outline demonstrated how the ritual feast days of the Israelites pointed to Christ, and how the Nephites faithfully observed these holy days according to the Law of Moses as part of their ritual traditions. In this week's lesson, will will observe how one of these feast days may have been observed. When one learn about Jewish Culture and tradition, one can not help but to see aspects of that culture reflected in The Book of Mormon, as this was a community of Israelites who faithfully observed the Law of Moses. Upon careful examination of Alma 5, one can identify several elements that bear a striking resemblance to the Pesach (Passover) Seder being observed, with Alma presiding over the service. In Hebrew, the word סֶדֶר Seder means "Order," and Alma uses this term several times in his address, referring to it as the Seder סֶדֶר Qadesh קֹדֶשׁ "Holy Order." Specific references to this can be found in Alma 5:44, 49, and 54. This observance is traditionally associated with the recitation of songs, which Alma might even allude to when he specifically refers to the "Song of Redeeming Love" (Alma 5:26). Evidence suggests that this song and the Jewish Seder likely provide the cultural context for Alma 5, as Alma's sermon follows the traditional structured pattern of the Seder's Fifteen Steps that are outlined in the Jewish Haggadah. (These traditional music patterns are reminiscent of the Songs of Moses - in Exodus 15:1, Deut 31, and the 15 Shir HaMaalot  -Psalms 120 -134.) We will explore these 15 steps and demonstrate how they are reflected in Alma's sermon, providing us with a deeper understanding of the spiritual and cultural significance of his words. We will also divide these steps into 3 sections that correspond with the Menorah Pattern of the Moedim. The First section corresponds with the time period leading up to the coming of the Messiah, the second section corresponds with the life and ministry of Jesus Christ, and the third corresponds with the Gathering of Israel and the Second Coming. The Fifteen Steps of the Seder and Their Reflection in Alma's Sermon A Pesach Haggadah - in this Haggadah, if one clicks on a Hebrew word, a translation for that word will appear in the resource section on the right side, along with a Hebrew concordance that shows other locations where that word is used, this can be a very helpful and enlightening tool! Preparation for the Coming of the Messiah: 1. Kadesh קֹדֶשׁ (Sanctify) Psalm: 120 Theme: Sanctification and readiness to enter into a covenant with God. "Have ye sufficiently retained in remembrance the captivity of your fathers?" The word Kadesh, means "Holy," "Sanctified," or "Consecrated." Alma uses this word at the very beginning of his introduction in verse 3," I, Alma, having been consecrated by my father, Alma, to be a high priest over the church of God, he having power and authority from God... 2. U rchatz וּרְחַץ (Wash) Psalm 121 Theme: Spiritual cleanliness and purity. "Have you sufficiently retained in remembrance his mercy and long-suffering towards them?" Symbolic of Baptism , as explained by Alma at the end of verse 3, "yea, and he did baptize his brethren in the waters of Mormon."   3. Karpas כַּרְפַּס (Greens) Psalm 122 Theme: Renewal and new beginnings . "Have you sufficiently retained in remembrance that he has delivered their souls from hell?" In the article The Hidden Meaning of Karpas , the author explains the symbolic meaning of the term karpas, which is typically translated as "greens" and interpreted as a symbol of life and fresh beginnings. Additionally, the author notes that this word can also be translated as "fine cotton or linen," a translation that can be easily verified in numerous dictionaries. The author outlines the symbolic connection between fine white linens and the idea of being clothed in the robes of the priesthood. They explain that this concept symbolically reflects Joseph's coat of many colors, which Jacob used to indicate his decision to grant Joseph a greater portion of the birthright. This caused jealousy and hostility among the brothers, eventually leading to violence. The brothers stripped Joseph of his coat, dipped it in the blood of a goat to stage his death, and then sold him into slavery and bondage. The symbolic act of dipping the karpas into the salt water reflects the brothers dipping Joseph's coat into the blood. It reminds us of the bitter hardships that occur within families when jealousy and contention grow, ultimately resulting in heartbreak, tears, and, in Joseph's case, bondage and slavery. In Alma 5:4, Alma explains how the Nephites were also brought into bondage by the hands of their brothers, the Lamanites: "They were in captivity, and again the Lord did deliver them out of bondage by the power of his word..." 4. Yachatz (Break, split, divide) - a later word that was likely derived from the biblical chatat חָתַת Psalm 123 Theme: Humility and recognizing dependence on God . True faith and repentance brings about a mighty change/metamorphosis of the heart. The Hebrew word chatat  may reflect the scattering of Israel and the division of families resulting from the bitterness of the earlier karpas . This is the point of the Seder where the matzah is traditionally bro ken. During the Last Supper, Jesus explained that the bread represented his body. This not only reflects his physical body but, as with the nature of symbolism, it can also represent additional layers; his people, his family, the houses of Israel, etc. During the Seder, the smaller portion of matzah is divided among the participants, while the larger portion, called the "afikoman", (a Greek loan word ἐπὶ κῶμον  meaning "that which comes after" or "that which will be explained/set aside for later"), is hidden for the children to find at a later point in the service. Alma described the serious consequences that befell the children of Lehi who fell into transgression, but he also described their deliverance, asking, "Were they destroyed?" and "On what conditions were they saved?" Alma explains that they were saved "according to their faith," and he described "a mighty change wrought in their hearts." In verse 9, Alma reiterates this: "And again I ask, were the bands of death broken, and the chains of hell which encircled them about, were they loosed? I say unto you, Yea..." In 3 Nephi 9:20, the Savior quotes Psalm 34:18, explaining, "And ye shall offer for a sacrifice unto me a broken heart and a contrite spirit. And whoso cometh unto me with a broken heart and a contrite spirit, him will I baptize with fire and with the Holy Ghost, even as the Lamanites, because of their faith in me at the time of their conversion, were baptized with fire and with the Holy Ghost, and they knew it not." Alma taught the people to look forward to that later day when they would remember all the good and the bad, to be judged before the great tribunal of God. He encourages the congregation to live in such a way that they can, at the last day, demonstrate clean hands and a clean heart, having the image of God engraven upon their countenances. 5. Maggid (Tell, Preach, Declare) from the root ngd נָגַד nâgad Psalm 124 Theme: Recounting Spiritual Heritage and Deliverance. Alma describes the deliverance of the Nephites from bondage, through the account of Alma the Elder and Abinadi. This mirrors the Moses account found in the Old Testament. He then goes on to preach the importance of this story and why it is impo rtant. "For I am called to speak after this manner, according to the holy order (seder) of God" The Maggid traditionally begins with the traditional 4 questions, but these are not limited to only 4 questions, one could ask 10 or 20. Alma asks almost 50! These questions are listed at the bottom of the thread for those who are interested. The traditional story also includes the telling of the 5 Rabbi's and the 4 Sons. It is likely that Alma uses the story of the 4 sons as a model in a later Passover, when he gives the accounts of his three sons in Alma 36-42 ( What we learn from Alma's Sons ). The Life and Ministry of Jesus Christ 6. Rachtzah (a second washing, rchatz in the feminine form ) Psalm 125 Theme: Further Refinement. Baptism of Fire, being " born again " Alma 5:21-24 Exodus 29:4 " And Aaron and his sons thou shalt bring unto the door of the tabernacle of the congregation, and shalt wash  them with water." "Were they not brought to sing the song of redeeming love?" "And now behold, I say unto you, my brethren, if ye have experienced a change of heart, and if ye have felt to sing the song of redeeming love, I would ask, can ye feel so now? ... Could ye say, if ye were called to die at this time, within yourselves, that ye have been sufficiently humble ? That your garments have been cleansed and made white through the blood of Christ, who will come to redeem his people from their sins? 7. Motzi (Bring Forth) Psalm 126 Theme: Blessings over Sustenance. Gratitude Alma issues a call to "bring forth" one's offerings in 5:35-36, " Yea, come unto me and bring forth works of righteousness... For behold, the time is at hand that whosoever bringeth forth not good fruit, or whosoever doeth not the works of righteousness, the same have cause to wail and mourn." 8. Matzah (Unleavened Bread, Find , Attain) Psalm 127 Theme: Simplicity and Purity of Heart. In Psalm 127, the focus is on the simplicity and purity of heart necessary for a life built on true faith and reliance on God. This theme is echoed in Alma 5:15 when Alma asks, "Do you exercise faith in the redemption of him who created you?" This question calls for a self-examination of one's faith and reliance on the Creator, emphasizing the need for a sincere and humble heart. During the Last Supper, Christ presented Himself as the Bread of Life, which directly correlates to the feast of unleavened bread in Jewish tradition. Unleavened bread, or matzah, is simple and pure, symbolizing humility and the absence of sin. Alma contrasts this purity with the pride and arrogance of sinners, whom he describes as being "puffed up," likening them to leavened bread. In Alma 5:37-38, Alma warns against this pride: "O ye workers of iniquity; ye that are puffed up (i.e., leavened) in the vain things of the world, ye that have professed to have known the ways of righteousness nevertheless have gone astray, as sheep having no shepherd, notwithstanding a shepherd hath called after you and is still calling after you, but ye will not hearken unto his voice! Behold, I say unto you, that the good shepherd doth call you; yea, and in his own name he doth call you, which is the name of Christ; and if ye will not hearken unto the voice of the good shepherd, to the name by which ye are called, behold, ye are not the sheep of the good shepherd." This passage underscores the importance of humility and purity of heart, urging believers to reject pride and heed the call of the Good Shepherd, Jesus Christ. Just as unleavened bread is free from puffiness, true disciples must strive to be free from the puffiness of pride and sin, embracing the simplicity and purity that come from finding and following Christ. 9. Maror (Bitter Herbs) Psalm 128 Theme: Growth through Weakness and Adversity : acknowledgment of adversity, bitterness, and trials. In the Jewish Passover Seder, Maror involves eating bitter herbs to commemorate the bitterness of slavery in Egypt, symbolizing life's trials and hardships. Alma 5:30-31 parallels this step by asking, "Do you look forward with an eye of faith, and view this mortal body raised in immortality... but whosoever bringeth forth evil works, the same becometh a child of the devil... And whosoever doeth this must receive his wages of him; therefo re, for his wages he receiveth de ath." Alma emphasizes the wages of sin is death and pain, an unfortunate but essential consequence for spiritual growth and development. However, he also encourages us to look ahead, and to have faith, reminding us of a future time when all will be rectified, mirroring Joseph Smith's teachings on adversity, that when when challenges come we might have peace; because we know that our adversity and afflictions are only but a small moment, and if we endure them well, we shall be exalted on high. These concepts were demonstrated in the Garden of Gethsemane, when Jesus Christ bore the world's sins and partook of the dregs of the "bitter cup," (i.e. maror) so that we would not have to suffer these pains and experiences on our own. In Doctrine and Covenants 19:18-20, Jesus speaks of the suffering that he experience, "Which suffering caused myself... to tremble because of pain, and to bleed at every poor, and to suffer in both body and spirit—and would that I might not drink the bitter cup, and shrink— Nevertheless, glory be to the Father, and I partook and finished my preparations unto the children of men." Christ's suffering not only underscores the ultimate example of enduring and overcoming adversity, but it gives him the unique experience and perspective to understand the personal challenges that each of us face in mortality. This perspective gives us the assurance to know that He understands, He knows what we are going through, and he knows how to succor and carry us when we do not have the strength, knowledge, or perspective to do it on our own. Ether 12:27 highlights the necessity and purpose of adversity: "I give unto men weakness that they may be humble;... my grace is sufficient... for if they humble themselves... then will I make weak things become strong unto them." This teaches that humility and faith can turn weaknesses into strengths, and failure into triumph. This is the message that is reflected in Psalm 128, which celebrates the blessings of revering the Lord despite life's hardships, aligning with Maror's theme of growth, joy, and peace that can be found even through the thick challenges of adversity. In summary, the Maror's symbolism of bitterness and Alma's questions in Alma 5:30-31 both emphasize the importance of overcoming trials with faith. These scriptures connect tus to Jesus Christ, illustrating that through Him, we can endure and grow from our trials, ultimately achieving spiritual maturity and triumph. 10. Korech (Sandwich, being bound, ploughed, pierced , encompassed , to purchase ) Psalm 129 Theme: Combining the elements of Hardship and Redemption through the Atonement. The Korech, or the ritual sandwich, is prepared with roasted lamb, matza, and bitter herbs during the Seder. This step symbolizes the merging of the bitterness of hardship with the hope and redemption found through faith and divine intervention. Biblical Reference: The Atonement & Crucifixion: Christ as the Lamb of God Receiving the Atonement of Jesus Christ The Korech step of the Seder, with its combination of matza, lamb, and bitter herbs, powerfully symbolizes the intertwining of hardship and redemption. The matza represents purity and freedom, while the bitter herbs recall the pain and suffering of bondage. When these are combined with the lamb, it symbolizes the ultimate redemption through Christ's sacrifice. Alma 5 and the Life of Jesus Christ In Alma 5, Alma's sermon reflects the themes of Korech through his call to repentance and acceptance of the atonement of Jesus Christ. Alma emphasizes the importance of faith and the transformative power of His Atonement: Psalms 22:16 : "For dogs have compassed me: the assembly of the wicked have inclosed me: they pierced my hands and my feet." This verse prophetically describes the suffering of Christ during the crucifixion, symbolizing the ultimate sacrifice of the Lamb of God. The Life of Jesus Christ The crucifixion of Jesus Christ is the ultimate fulfillment of the Korech's symbolism. As the Lamb of God, Christ's sacrifice combines the elements of suffering (bitter herbs) and redemption (lamb). His Atonement invites all to come unto Him, repent, and receive the blessings of eternal life. The Korech step, with its profound symbolism, invites us to reflect on the interplay of hardship and redemption in our own lives. Just as the elements of the Korech are bound together, so too are our experiences of suffering and redemption through Christ's Atonement. Alma's sermon in Alma 5 underscores this message, calling us to repent, accept Christ's sacrifice, and receive the blessings of His Atonement. 11. Shulchan Orech (Set Table) Psalm 130 Theme: Partaking of the communal and festive meal of the Lord's Feast. The Sacrament Shulchan Orech is the st ep in the Seder where participants partak e of a festive meal, symbolizing community, unity, and the blessings of God's provision. This step is deeply conn ected with the communal aspects of worship and the sacred act of sharing a meal, akin to the sacrament in Christian tradition. Biblical Reference: Receiving the Sacrament: The Sacrament and Waiting Upon the Lord: The Shulchan Orech, or the set table, represents the communal and festive meal shared during the Seder. This meal signifies the unity and fellowship among God's people as they partake of the blessings He has provided. In Christian tradition, this is paralleled by the sacrament, where believers partake of bread and water (or wine) in remembrance of Christ's atoning sacrifice. In Alma 5, Alma extends an invitation to partake of the "fruit of the tree of life" and to "eat and drink of the bread and the waters of life freely." This invitation mirrors the sacramental meal, where participants remember Christ's body and blood, offered for the salvation of humankind. Waiting Upon the Lord: Shulchan Orech also represents the concept of waiting upon the Lord, reminiscent of the three days Christ spent in the tomb before His resurrection, and the three days Jonah spent in the belly of the whale. This period of waiting is a time of faith, hope, reflection, preparation, and anticipation of the blessings to come. Settin g in Order, Offering Sacrifice: The act of setting the table and preparing the meal also symbolizes setting one's life in order and being ready to offer sacrifices to the Lord, and to receive of his blessings. As President Nelson reminds us, we should seek, expect, [and prepare] for miracles. (The Power of Spiritual Momentum) The Significance of Shulchan Orech in Alma 5: In Alma 5, the concept of Shulchan Orech is reflected in the call to repentance and spiritual renewal. Alma urges the people to come unto Christ, partake of His atonement, and be spiritually nourished. This invitation aligns with the communal and sacred meal of the Seder, where participants reflect on their relationship with God and commit to living righteously. The themes of waiting upon the Lord, setting in order, and offering sacrifice are interwoven with the sacrament, reminding believers of the need for preparation, obedience, and gratitude for Christ's atonement. As modern readers partake of the sacrament, they can reflect on these ancient traditions and their profound spiritual significance, fostering a deeper connection with the Savior and a commitment to living according to His teachings. Genesis 22:9 : "And they came to the place which God had told him of; and Abraham built an altar there, and laid the wood in order (seder), and bound Isaac his son, and laid him on the altar upon the wood." This verse highlights the theme of setting things in order and preparing to offer a significant sacrifice with faith. As the father of many nations, Abraham symbolizes our Heavenly Father, and the careful order with which he organized, prepared, and executed the Plan of Salvation, which required the willing sacrifice his only begotten son as an eternal Atonement for the sins of mankind. Alma 5:34 : "Yea, he saith: Come unto me and ye shall partake of the fruit of the tree of life; yea, ye shall eat and drink of the bread and the waters of life freely;" Alma invites the people to come unto Christ and partake of the spiritual nourishment He offers, akin to the sacramental meal. The Resurrection, Gathering of Israel, Second Coming, & Milenium 12. Tzafun (Concealed, Hidden, Soap /detergent) Psalm 131 Theme: Revealing hidden truths, being ritually cleaned and purified. This word appears in the Talmud, and it indicates the cle ansing awa y of blood specifically - Niddah 62b . Tzafun, a step in the Jewish Passover Seder, carries profound symbolism linked to revealing hidden truths and achieving ritual purity. The term itself, meaning "concealed" or "hidden," highlights the act of uncovering what is not immediately apparent. In Talmudic references, particularly in Niddah 62b, Tzafun signifies the cleansing away of blood, a concept that parallels themes of purification and atonement. In Alma 5, we see this idea reflected in Alma's call for spiritual cleanliness: "Can ye look up to God at that day with a pure heart and clean hands?" (Alma 5:19). He emphasizes the necessity of being purified and having garments "washed white" through the atoning blood of Christ (Alma 5:21-22). This imagery of cleansing and purification is central to understanding the significance of Tzafun. Christians often associate the Resurrection of Jesus Christ with the Jewish feast of Bikkurim, or "Firstfruits." Paul, in 1 Corinthians 15:20, describes Christ as the "firstfruits of them who slept," symbolizing His resurrection as the first instance of triumph over death, promising future resurrection for all believers. This connection underscores the theme of new life and purity emerging from what was once concealed in death. The act of uncovering the afikoman during Tzafun—hidden matzah representing the future redemption—is akin to the revelation of Christ's resurrection. Just as the afikoman is found and shared, symbolizing hope and redemption, Christ's resurrection revealed Him as the Savior, offering eternal life and cleansing from sin to all who believe. Therefore, Tzafun's symbolism extends to the Resurrection, where the hidden truths of Christ's victory over death are unveiled. This revelation brings about spiritual renewal and purity, echoing Alma's teachings on being cleansed and prepared to stand before God. It reflects a journey from hidden sin and impurity to revealed truth and righteousness, achieved through the redemptive power of Jesus Christ. 13. Barech ( Bless ) Psalm 132 Theme: Reciting blessings and giving thanks. Barech, this step in the Jewish Passover Seder is dedicated to reciting blessings and giving thanks at the conclusion of the meal; it is a moment of profound spiritual significance. It involves expressing gratitude and recognizing the blessings bestowed by God. This act of blessing is deeply intertwined with the concept of divine favor and the acknowledgment of God’s ongoing providence. Psalm 132 echoes this theme of divine blessing and favor, recounting God's promises to David and the establishment of his lineage, ultimately culminating in the blessings upon Israel. In this Psalm, the presence of God is described as being firmly established in Zion, bringing blessings, sustenance, and salvation to His people. In Alma 5, Alma refrains from offering a blessing upon the people of Zarahemla due to their wickedness and pride. Instead, he issues a stark warning and a call to repentance, urging them to reflect upon their spiritual state and seek reconciliation with God. He challenges them: "Can you look up, having the image of God engraven upon your countenances?" (Alma 5:19). This rhetorical question emphasizes the need for spiritual transformation and purity before the people can worthily receive of God's divine blessings. However, in Alma 7, Alma's message to the people of Gideon is markedly different. Here, Alma prophecies about the imminent birth of the Savior (which is only about 80 years away) and he offers a blessing to the people for their faithfulness and righteousness. He speaks of the coming of Christ and the blessings of redemption and eternal life that the Savior will bring. This drastic shift in the messages given to these two communities underscores the importance of a repentant and faithful heart in receiving divine blessings. The theme of the Gathering of Israel is also pertinent to Barech. Just as the blessings are recited during the Seder to remember God’s faithfulness and deliverance, the gathering of Israel signifies the fulfillment of God’s promises to His people. It is a time of spiritual renewal and the realization of divine blessings, as the scattered tribes are brought back together under the covenant of the Lord. The blessings associated with Barech in the Seder, the prophetic blessings pronounced by Alma in Gideon, and the gathering of Israel all reflect a common thread: the receipt of divine favor contingent upon faith, repentance, and obedience. They remind believers of the importance of aligning oneself with God's will to fully experience His blessings. Alma’s teachings in chapters 5 and 7 illustrate the dual aspects of divine interaction: warning and blessing. His initial call to repentance highlights the barriers that sin creates, preventing the full reception of God's blessings. Conversely, his later blessing upon the people of Gideon illustrates the joy and peace that come from living in accordance with divine principles. This dynamic reflects the broader biblical narrative where repentance precedes redemption, and obedience brings about the fulfillment of God’s promises. Therefore, Barech in the context of Alma’s sermons symbolizes the pathway to divine blessing through repentance and faith. It emphasizes that true blessings come from God and are contingent upon our spiritual state, echoing the eternal principles of gratitude, obedience, and divine favor. 14. Hallel (Praise, or Pride ) Psalm 133 Theme: Singing Hymns of Praise to God for His works. Hallel, a pivotal part of the Jewish Passover Seder, involves the recitation of Psalms of praise, celebrating God's mighty works and His ongoing protection and deliverance of His people. It is a time of joy and gratitude, acknowledging God's supreme authority and His benevolent acts throughout history. Psalm 133 speaks of the unity and blessings that come from dwelling together in harmony under God's guidance. In Alma 5, Alma addresses the people of Zarahemla with a stark reminder of the consequences of pride and yielding to the devil. He questions, "Can ye think of being saved when you have yielded yourselves to become subjects to the devil?" and "Can ye lay aside these things, and trample the Holy One under your feet; yea, can ye be puffed up in the pride of your hearts?" (Alma 5:20-28). These rhetorical questions serve as a powe rf ul call to s elf-reflection, repentance, and h umilit y, warning against the dangers of pride and spiritual complacency. The theme of Hallel, praising God for His works, contrasts sharply with the pride Alma condemns. While Hallel encourages believers to lift their hearts in gratitude and praise, Alma warns against allowing pride to overshadow one's relationship with God, and linguistically the term hallel reflects the inherent juxtaposition between the terms praise and pride, because in Hebrew hallel is used to describe both, as two sides of the same coin. The inherent duality within this word emphasizes the importance of maintaining a humble and grateful heart, recognizing God's hand in all things, and avoiding the pitfalls of pride that can lead to spiritual downfall if one is not consciously and consistently diligent. In contrasts, we see many themes of grateful praise offered on chapter 7, when Alma expresses the joy he feels when he sees the faith and obedience of the the people of Gideon. Their belief and humility prepare them to receive more. Alma teaches them about the birth of Christ, which would soon take place. He commends them for their dedication to following the covenant path of righteousness, as they continue to keep their covenants by following the " strait " and narrow path. He explains that their obedience in doing so, helps to make the path " straight " for those who follow. He describes this path as "an eternal round," like that of a clock or sundial, that does not turn from the right or the left, but keeps moving consistently forward, reliable and steady in it's progression. This symbolic reference is linguistically related to the Shir Ma'alot , or "the songs of degrees," the Hallel that we are talking about in this lesson, which were traditionally associated with the pilgrimage festivals and were sung by the Levites on the steps of the Temple Mount. In Alma 8, after Alma's return from teaching the people of Gideon, it is noted that he taught "many things which cannot be written" and "established the order of the church" before returning to Zarahemla to rest from his labors. The mention of things that could not be written may reference oral traditions, particularly the musical recitations of the Hallel, as music notation was not available at that time. Nevertheless, Alma's efforts and writings reflect the spirit of Hallel, as he tirelessly works to bring others to a state of gratitude, praise, and harmony with God's will. The Second Coming of Jesus Christ is also a theme that ties deeply into the concept of Hallel. Just as Hallel involves praising God for His past and present works, the anticipation of the Second Coming is a time of looking forward to the ultimate fulfillment of all God's promises. It is a period of spiritual preparation and purification, much like the introspection Alma urges upon his listeners. Believers are called to align their lives with divine principles, shedding pride and embracing humility, to be ready to receive the Savior when He comes again. Alma’s questions about pride serve as a reminder that true praise and worship of God require a heart free from pride and a life dedicated to His service. The Second Coming will be a time of great rejoicing for those who have prepared themselves by living lives of humility, faith, and praise, much like the spirit of Hallel. It emphasizes the need for continuous spiritual vigilance and the cultivation of a heart that constantly seeks to honor and glorify God. In summary, Hallel’s themes of praise and the Second Coming underscore the importance of maintaining a humble and grateful heart, continually praising God for His works, and preparing for the fulfillment of His promises. Alma’s teachings reinforce these principles, urging believers to rid themselves of pride and live in a manner worthy of divine favor and salvation. This alignment of themes enhances our understanding of the spiritual preparation necessary for the Second Coming and the ongoing need to praise and honor God in all aspects of life. 15. Nirtzah (Accepted or rejected ) Psalm 134 Theme: Prayer for the acceptance of the service. The Nirtzah section of the Seder traditionally serves as the conclusion, signifying that the prayers and praises offered throughout the Seder have been accepted by God. This part of the Seder underscores the sealing of the covenantal relationship and the commitment to live according to God's will, reflecting themes of divine approval, acceptance, entering into the presence of the Lord, reconciliation, and the faithful fulfilling one's appointed roles within the covenant community. In the Book of Mormon, Alma 5-8 contains elements that resonate with the Nirtzah section of the Seder. Alma’s sermon in Alma 5 includes a series of introspective questions, urging the Nephites to prepare their hearts for divine acceptance. The culmination of his sermon calls for the people to align their lives with their covenantal promises, seeking God’s approval and blessings. Specifically, Alma 5:46-50 correlates with the themes found in Psalm 134, focusing on prayer for the acceptance of service and the acknowledgment of divine judgment: "What will these things testify against you?" "And now I say unto you, all you that are desirous to follow the voice of the good shepherd, come ye out from the wicked, and be ye separate, and touch not their unclean things; and behold, their names shall be blotted out, that the names of the wicked shall not be numbered among the names of the righteous, that the word of God may be fulfilled, which saith: The names of the wicked shall not be mingled with the names of my people; for the names of the righteous shall be written in the book of life, and unto them will I grant an inheritance at my right hand. And now, my brethren, what have ye to say against this? I say unto you, if ye speak against it, it matters not, for the word of God must be fulfilled." These themes resonate with those associated with the Millenium and Final Judgement. In Alma 6, we see the practical application of these principles as Alma establishes the order of the church in Zarahemla. He ordains priests and elders by laying on of hands, reflecting the calling and ordaining of priesthood leaders. This process mirrors the divine acceptance and commissioning found in the Nirtzah, where the faithful are recognized and various leaders are appointed to serve in various roles within the community. We see the Savior follow similar patterns in the New Testament and the Book of Mormon, during his visit in 3rd Nephi when he calls and ordains the apostles. In Alma 7, Alma continues his mission by traveling to Gideon, where he teaches about the coming of the Savior and the blessings that accompany faithful living. This chapter highlights themes of divine mercy and redemption, further reinforcing the idea of God’s acceptance and the importance of living in accordance with covenant promises. Alma also offers a blessing to the people of Gideon, unlike his sermon in Alma 5 where he refrains from blessing due to the wickedness and pride of the people in Zarahemla. In Alma 8, after establishing the church in Gideon, Alma returns to Zarahemla, where he rests from his labors. This period of rest and reflection can be likened to the concluding peace and assurance found in Nirtzah, signifying that the efforts of the faithful have been accepted by God. For modern readers, the Nirtzah section and its principles remind them of divine callings, elections, and appointments to heavenly realms, contingent upon one's faithful adherence to covenant promises. Just as the ancient Nephites sought to align their lives with divine will through introspection, repentance, and righteous leadership, contemporary believers are encouraged to reflect on their spiritual journeys, seek divine approval, and fulfill their roles of service within the covenant community. This connection emphasizes the continuity of God’s covenantal relationship with His people and the importance of living in accordance with His commandments to receive the fullness of His blessings and approval. Through the examples of Alma and his teachings, readers today can understand the significance of maintaining their covenants, striving for divine acceptance, and preparing for the ultimate judgment and inheritance in the heavenly kingdom. By aligning the sermon of Alma posed with the steps of the Seder, one can gain a deeper understanding of how his sermon was structured, its purpose, and its relevance to modern readers in our day. These insights offer powerful perspectives into Nephite culture, and offer riveting opportunities for individual spiritual reflection and renewal, while beautifully mirroring and teaching us more about the ancient Israelite traditions of spiritual ascent and sanctification. Overview Alma 5 Alma 5 is a powerful chapter in the Book of Mormon where Alma the Younger delivers a profound sermon to the people of Zarahemla. This chapter emphasizes themes of remembrance , repentance, spiritual rebirth, and self-examination. Alma poses a series of introspective questions designed to encourage personal reflection and conversion, urging the people to remember their ancestors' deliverance and to examine the state of their own souls. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Hebraic Tradition of Self-Examination : Alma's questions reflect the Hebraic tradition of self-examination and personal accountability found in the Old Testament, such as in the Psalms and prophetic writings. 50 Questions of Alma 5: Overview 50 Questions of Alma 5: Questions 1–17 50 Questions of Alma 5: Questions 18–29 50 Questions of Alma 5: Questions 30–40 50 Questions of Alma 5: Questions 41–50 The Role of Prophets : Alma's role as a prophet calling the people to repentance parallels the mission of Old Testament prophets who called Israel to return to God. Alma the Younger's Seminal Sermon at Zarahemla Resurrection and Judgment : Alma's teachings on resurrection and judgment align with Jewish eschatological beliefs found in the writings of the prophets, the Psalms, and even modern Hebraic traditions. Symbolism of the Heart : The concept of a "change of heart" is deeply rooted in Hebraic thought, where the heart symbolizes the center of will and moral decision-making (e.g., Ezekiel 36:26 ). Alma 5: The Song of Redeeming Love Repentance and Change : Highlights the importance of repentance and experiencing a spiritual rebirth, urging readers to seek and maintain a change of heart. Preparation for Judgment : Reminds readers of the doctrines of resurrection and judgment, emphasizing the need to live righteously in preparation for these events. Commitment to Righteousness : Inspires individuals to choose righteousness daily and to strive for a closer relationship with Christ. Linguistic, Literary, and Cultural Observations: Antithetical Parallelism in the Book of Mormon Biblical Cross-References Psalm 24:3-4 : "Who shall ascend into the hill of the Lord? or who shall stand in his holy place? He that hath clean hands, and a pure heart." Ezekiel 36:26 : "A new heart also will I give you, and a new spirit will I put within you: and I will take away the stony heart out of your flesh, and I will give you an heart of flesh." Isaiah 1:18 : "Come now, and let us reason together, saith the Lord: though your sins be as scarlet, they shall be as white as snow; though they be red like crimson, they shall be as wool." Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Alma 5 Alma Preaches the Word of God | Alma 4–7 Wor dplay on Alma Verses 1-14 Repentance and Conversion : Alma calls the people to repent and experience a mighty change of heart. Verses 1-14 : Alma recounts the conversion of his father and the deliverance of their forefathers, urging the people to remember these events and seek a similar transformation. Verse 13 : "And behold, he preached the word unto your fathers, and a mighty change was also wrought in their hearts, and they humbled themselves and put their trust in the true and living God." Why Did Alma Add “Chains of Hell” to Abinadi’s Phrase “Bands of Death”? Verses 15-30 Self-Examination : Alma poses a series of probing questions to help individuals assess their spiritual state. Why Did Alma Ask Church Members Fifty Probing Questions? Verses 15-30 : Alma asks the people to reflect on their relationship with God, their spiritual cleanliness, and their readiness to meet God. Verse 19 : "I say unto you, can you look up, having the image of God engraven upon your countenances?" Why Did Alma Ask about Having God’s Image Engraven upon One’s Countenance? A Mighty Change God’s Image Engraven upon Countenances The Doctrine of the Resurrection and Judgment : Alma teaches about the resurrection and the final judgment. Verses 15-25 : Alma explains that all will be resurrected and judged according to their deeds, urging the people to prepare for that day. Verse 21 : "No unclean thing can inherit the kingdom of God; but they are cast out and consigned to partake of the fruits of their labors, whether they be good or evil." The Call to Choose Righteousness : Alma encourages the people to choose righteousness and to come unto Christ. Verses 26-62 : Alma invites those who have experienced a change of heart to continue in righteousness and calls those who have not to repent and come unto Christ. Verse 27 : "Have ye walked, keeping yourselves blameless before God? Could ye say, if ye were called to die at this time, within yourselves, that ye have been sufficiently humble?" ’Stretch Forth Thy Hand and Prophesy’: Hand Gestures in the Book of Mormon Three Trees in the Book of Mormon Overview Alma 6 Alma 6 details the establishment and organization of the church in Zarahemla following Alma the Younger's powerful sermon in the previous chapter. It outlines the steps Alma took to maintain order and righteousness within the church and to address the spiritual needs of the community. This chapter highlights themes of church governance, the importance of maintaining spiritual purity, and the ongoing efforts to preach and convert. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Church Leadership and Order : Emphasizes the importance of proper church organization and the roles of leaders in maintaining spiritual order. Why Did Alma Need to “Establish the Order of the Church” in Zarahemla Again? Dealing with Opposition to the Church Living Righteously : Encourages members to live uprightly, keeping their covenants and supporting one another both temporally and spiritually. Missionary Work : Highlights the ongoing need for missionary efforts and the importance of preaching and conversion in building and strengthening the church community. Priesthood Authority : The ordination of priests and elders by the laying on of hands reflects the Old Testament practices of bestowing authority and leadership roles, as seen in the anointing of kings and the ordination of priests (e.g., Exodus 29:9, 1 Samuel 16:13). Communal Support : The emphasis on supporting one another both temporally and spiritually aligns with the teachings found in the New Testament about the early Christian communities, where believers shared their resources and cared for each other’s needs (e.g., Acts 2:44-45, Acts 4:32-35). Missionary Efforts : Alma’s continuous preaching parallels the missionary journeys of New Testament apostles, such as Paul, who traveled to various cities to spread the gospel and establish churches (e.g., Acts 13:2-3, Acts 16:9-10). Biblical Cross-References Exodus 29:9 : "And thou shalt gird them with girdles, Aaron and his sons, and put the bonnets on them: and the priest's office shall be theirs for a perpetual statute: and thou shalt consecrate Aaron and his sons." Acts 2:44-45 : "And all that believed were together, and had all things common; And sold their possessions and goods, and parted them to all men, as every man had need." Acts 16:9-10 : "And a vision appeared to Paul in the night; There stood a man of Macedonia, and prayed him, saying, Come over into Macedonia, and help us. And after he had seen the vision, immediately we endeavoured to go into Macedonia, assuredly gathering that the Lord had called us for to preach the gospel unto them." Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Alma 6 Church Organization and Governance : Alma sets in order the church in Zarahemla. Verses 1-3 : Alma ordains priests and elders by the laying on of hands to oversee and govern the church, ensuring that the church is organized according to the principles of righteousness and order. Verse 1 : "And now it came to pass that after Alma had made an end of speaking unto the people of the church which was established in the city of Zarahemla, he ordained priests and elders, by laying on his hands according to the order of God, to preside and watch over the church." Spiritual Purity and Righteousness : Emphasizing the need for members to live righteously. Verses 4-6 : Alma admonishes the church members to walk uprightly before God, keeping their covenants and living in a manner that reflects their faith and commitment to Christ. Verse 6 : "And they did walk uprightly before God, imparting to one another both temporally and spiritually according to their needs and their wants." Preaching and Conversion : Alma continues his missionary efforts. Verses 7-8 : Alma, along with others, continues to preach the word of God throughout the land, seeking to convert those who are not yet members of the church and to strengthen the faith of existing members. Verse 8 : "And now as I said concerning the holy order of this high priesthood, there were many who believed and were baptized; and they were united to the church of God, and thus the church began to grow up throughout all the land." Overview Alma 7 Alma 7 records Alma the Younger's preaching in the land of Gideon. This chapter focuses on the themes of repentance, the atonement of Jesus Christ, and the necessity of living righteous lives. Alma's message is one of hope and encouragement, emphasizing the importance of faith in Christ and adherence to the principles of the gospel. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Embracing Repentance : Encourages readers to embrace repentance as a means of drawing closer to God and receiving His forgiveness and grace. Faith in the Atonement : Reinforces the importance of having faith in Jesus Christ and His atoning sacrifice as the foundation of spiritual growth and salvation. Living Virtuously : Calls for the cultivation of virtues such as faith, hope, charity, humility, and patience in daily life. Enduring in Faithfulness : Inspires readers to remain faithful and diligent in keeping God's commandments, ensuring a path of righteousness and divine blessings. Christological Prophecies : Alma's detailed prophecies about Christ align with Old Testament messianic prophecies, highlighting the consistency of prophetic revelations across scriptures (e.g., Isaiah 53). The Land of Jerusalem: The Place of Jesus’ Birth I Have a Question: Why does the Book of Mormon say that Jesus would be born in Jerusalem What Did Alma Reveal about the Savior’s Mission? Atonement and Healing : Alma's teachings about the atonement emphasize the healing power of Christ's sacrifice, reflecting the concept of divine healing found in both Old and New Testaments (e.g., Isaiah 53:4-5, Matthew 8:17). Virtues and Fruits of the Spirit : The virtues Alma emphasizes are echoed in New Testament teachings about the fruits of the Spirit (e.g., Galatians 5:22-23). Geographical Insights: Revisiting the Land of Jerusalem Notes and Communications: Cities and Lands in the Book of Mormon Cities and Lands in the Book of Mormon Linguistic, Literary, and Cultural Observations: Why Do New Testament Words and Phrases Show up in the Book of Mormon? Part 3: Revelations to Nephite Prophets as a Source (Part A) Why does the Book of Mormon refer to the ‘land of Jerusalem’ Nephite History in Context 2: Special Issue The Hebrew Text of Alma 7:11 Why Does Alma Mention Three Kinds of Paths in One Verse? Straightening Things Out: The Use of Strait and Straight in the Book of Mormon Straight (not Strait) and Narrow Biblical Cross-References Isaiah 53:4-5 : "Surely he hath borne our griefs, and carried our sorrows... the chastisement of our peace was upon him; and with his stripes we are healed." Matthew 8:17 : "That it might be fulfilled which was spoken by Esaias the prophet, saying, Himself took our infirmities, and bare our sicknesses." Galatians 5:22-23 : "But the fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace, longsuffering, gentleness, goodness, faith, meekness, temperance: against such there is no law." Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Alma 7 Repentance and Righteous Living : Alma calls the people to repentance and to live righteous lives. Verses 1-7 : Alma encourages the people of Gideon to continue in their faith and righteousness, highlighting the blessings that come from living the gospel. Verse 5 : "And now I say unto you that the things of which I have spoken are made known unto me by the Holy Spirit of God. Behold, I have fasted and prayed many days that I might know these things of myself." The Atonement of Jesus Christ : Alma testifies of Christ's coming and His atoning sacrifice. Verses 8-13 : Alma prophesies of Christ's birth, ministry, suffering, death, and resurrection, emphasizing that Christ's atonement is central to the plan of salvation. Verse 11 : "And he shall go forth, suffering pains and afflictions and temptations of every kind; and this that the word might be fulfilled which saith he will take upon him the pains and the sicknesses of his people." Whose “Word” Was Fulfilled by Christ’s Suffering “Pains and Sicknesses”? What Did Alma Reveal about the Savior’s Mission? Why Does Alma Mention Three Kinds of Paths in One Verse? Faith, Hope, and Charity : Alma emphasizes the importance of these virtues in the lives of the believers. Verses 14-16 : Alma calls the people to exercise faith, hope, and charity, and to be baptized as a sign of their commitment to Christ. Verse 16 : "And now my beloved brethren, I have said these things unto you that I might awaken you to a sense of your duty to God, that ye may walk blameless before him, that ye may walk after the holy order of God, after which ye have been received." Blessings of the Faithful : Alma speaks of the blessings that come to those who are faithful. Verses 17-27 : Alma reassures the people of Gideon that they are on the path of righteousness and encourages them to continue in their faithfulness. Verse 23 : "And now I would that ye should be humble, and be submissive and gentle; easy to be entreated; full of patience and long-suffering; being temperate in all things; being diligent in keeping the commandments of God at all times." Church Videos & Resources Alma-Helaman Talks and References This Month in Come Follow Me Alma the Younger Gideon, Alma, and Nehor Alma 4-7 Scripture Central Study Guide Video Commentary Listed above in podcast section Know Whys Listed above in relation to section. Evidences Listed above in relation to section. Written Commentary John W. Welch Notes - Come Follow Me Book of Mormon Minute by Brant A Gardner Reading Plan Structure your personal scripture study by following a 15-minute, day-by-day plan. Each day's assignment includes the required scripture passages from the Come, Follow Me curriculum, as well as suggestions for additional resources to bring context and understanding to your study. For the best experience, use our  Reading Plan in the free ScripturePlus app ! You can track your progress and have access to the best resources. Structure your personal scripture study by following a 15-minute, day-by-day plan. Each day's assignment includes the required scripture passages from the Come, Follow Me curriculum, as well as suggestions for additional resources to bring context and understanding to your study. For the best experience, use our  Reading Plan in the free ScripturePlus app ! You can track your progress and have access to the best resources. Monday Scripture: Alma 5:1-13 Tuesday Scripture: Alma 5:14-42 Wednesday Scripture: Alma 5:43-50 Thursday Scripture: Alma 5:51-62 Friday Scripture: Alma 6:1-8 Saturday Scripture: Alma 7:1-13 Sunday Scripture: Alma 7:14-27 Maps & Charts Life Spans of Mosiah's Lineage The Nephite Judges Alma as Chief Judge: Years 1–8 of the Reign of the Judges Nephihah as Chief Judge: Years 9–24 of the Reign of the Judges Key Doctrinal Chapters: Mosiah–Alma Missionary Work Legal Cases and Procedures in the Book of Mormon Three Diverse Opponents of the Nephites A Comparison of Nephite Law Lists Wars in the Book of Mormon Data on Wars Involving the Nephites Nephite Cycles: Years 1–49 of the Reign of the Judges (90–40 B.C.) Proposed Details around Zarahemla Metals in the Book of Mormon Whose Words Are Found in the Book of Mormon? Number of Pages in Books of the Book of Mormon Average Number of Pages Covering One Nephite Year Nephite Books Compared by Length and Years Covered Nephite Books Listed Chronologically Names Used for Christ by Major Book of Mormon Authors Names and Concepts Associated with Christ by Major Book of Mormon Authors Number of Names Used for Christ by Major Book of Mormon Authors Number of Names for Christ Used Exclusively by Individual Authors Ten Essential Features of Book of Mormon Geography Geographical Names Listed Alphabetically Geographical Names Listed by Scripture Reference Images Book of Mormon Videos Images, Alma 4-7 Katie Payne Alma vs. Amlici Leilani Hughes Fatal Strike Jorge Cocco Batalla del Rio Sidon Jody Livingston Death of Nehor Bibliography & Additional Resource Included in Outline Summaries above BYU’s RSC Video: Summary of Lesson Resources for June 3-9 Likening the Scriptures unto Us Government by the Voice of the People: A Witness and a Warning The Record of Alma: A Prophet Pattern of the Principles Governing Testimony Here are the 50 questions from Alma 5 listed in the order they appear: Have you sufficiently retained in remembrance the captivity of your fathers? (v. 6) Have you sufficiently retained in remembrance his mercy and long-suffering towards them? (v. 6) Have you sufficiently retained in remembrance that he has delivered their souls from hell? (v. 6) Have you been spiritually born of God? (v. 14) Have you received his image in your countenances? (v. 14) Have you experienced this mighty change in your hearts? (v. 14) Do you exercise faith in the redemption of him who created you? (v. 15) Do you look forward with an eye of faith, and view this mortal body raised in immortality? (v. 15) Can you imagine to yourselves that ye hear the voice of the Lord, saying unto you: Come unto me ye blessed, for behold, your works have been the works of righteousness? (v. 16) Or do ye imagine to yourselves that ye can lie unto the Lord in that day, and say: Lord, our works have been righteous works? (v. 17) Or otherwise, can ye imagine yourselves brought before the tribunal of God with your soul filled with guilt and remorse? (v. 18) Do ye look forward with an eye of faith? (v. 15) Do you view this mortal body raised in immortality? (v. 15) Do you imagine to yourselves that ye can lie unto the Lord in that day, and say—Lord, our works have been righteous works upon the face of the earth? (v. 17) Do you think that you can be saved in your sins? (v. 10) Have you walked, keeping yourselves blameless before God? (v. 27) Have you been stripped of pride? (v. 28) Have you been stripped of envy? (v. 29) Do you make a mock of your brother? (v. 30) Do you build up your hearts because you are better than they? (v. 30) Do you suppose that such a one can have a place to sit down in the kingdom of God? (v. 24) Do you not suppose that I know of these things myself? (v. 45) Do you suppose that I know of these things of myself? (v. 46) Do you not suppose that I know that there are things I testify of? (v. 46) Do you not suppose that I testify of myself? (v. 46) Do you not suppose that I know that these things are true because of the Spirit of God? (v. 47) Do you not suppose that I know these things because of the Spirit of God? (v. 47) Do you suppose that the Spirit of God has prompted me to say these things? (v. 47) Do you suppose that the Spirit of God has led me to say these things? (v. 47) Do you not suppose that the Spirit of God will lead you to say these things? (v. 47) Do you suppose that there is no God? (v. 49) Do you suppose that Christ will not come? (v. 50) Do you suppose that Christ will not come to save his people? (v. 50) Do you suppose that Christ will not come to redeem his people? (v. 50) Do you suppose that Christ will not come to deliver his people? (v. 50) Do you suppose that you can sit down in the kingdom of God with Abraham, with Isaac, and with Jacob? (v. 24) Do you suppose that you can be saved without having your garments cleansed and made white? (v. 27) Do you suppose that you can be saved without being stripped of pride? (v. 28) Do you suppose that you can be saved without being stripped of envy? (v. 29) Do you suppose that you can mock your brother and still be saved? (v. 30) Do you not suppose that I know of these things of myself? (v. 45) Do you not suppose that I know these things because of the Spirit of God? (v. 47) Do you suppose that you can still say that there is no God? (v. 49) Do you suppose that Christ will not come? (v. 50) Do you suppose that you can be proud and still sit down in the kingdom of God? (v. 27) Do you suppose that you can be envious and still sit down in the kingdom of God? (v. 29) Do you suppose that you can mock your brother and still sit down in the kingdom of God? (v. 30) Do you suppose that you can lie unto the Lord in that day, and say—Lord, our works have been righteous works? (v. 17) Do you suppose that Christ will not come to save his people? (v. 50) Do you suppose that Christ will not come to deliver his people? (v. 50) By aligning these questions with the steps of the Seder, we see how Alma’s sermon not only called for introspection and renewal but also mirrored the structure and spiritual depth of the ancient Israelite traditions. This understanding provides a richer context for Alma’s powerful message in Alma 5. Books The Book of Mormon Made Easier Set, With Included Chronological Map (Gospel Study) The Annotated Book of Mormon Beholding the Tree of Life: A Rabbinic Approach to the Book of Mormon Gathered in One: How the Book of Mormon Counters Anti-Semitism in the New Testament Feasts and Festivals of the Messiah (Preparing for and Worshipping in the Latter-day Saint Temple: Understanding Symbolism, Promises, Learnings & Covenants) Passover Seder Script Days of Awe: Jewish Holy Days, Symbols and Prophecies for Latter-day Saints

CFM : July 1–7 Alma 17–22 Videos, Podcasts, & Weekly Lesson Material Media ​Lesson Extension Scripture Central Alma 17-22 Scripture Study Insights Insights with Taylor and Tyler: Revisited Scripture Insights Follow Him Alma 17-22 Part 1 Part 2 Transcripts Line Upon Line Alma 17-22 Teaching with Power Alma 17-22 ​ Teaching Bundle for Book of Mormon, available on Etsy. Don't Miss This Alma 17-22 Book of Mormon Matters with John W Welch and Lynne Hilton Wilson Alma 17-22 John W. Welch Notes ​Unshaken Alma 17-22 ​The Interpreter Foundation Alma 17-22 ​Commentary by John Claybaugh ​Teaching Helps with John Hilton Alma 17-22 The Book of Mormon, A Master Class 17-22: The Joy of Christ ​Scripture Gems Alma 17-22 Book of Mormon Map Come Follow Up Alma 17-22 The Scriptures Are Real Alma 17-22 Scriptural Guide to Helping Loved Ones and Others in(to) the Gospel (Alma 12-22 2nd episode) Latter Day Kids Alma 17-22 Because I Love You Scripture Explorers Alma 17-22 Ammon Meets King Lamoni Gospel for Kids Alma 17-22 Ammon The King of All the Lamanites ​Talking Scripture Alma 17-22 Show Notes Book of Mormon Minute, Brant A. Gardner Vol. 2 Volume 3: Alma Alma 17 Alma 18 Alma 19 Alma 20 Alma 21 Alma 22 Saving Talents: Devotionals & FHE for Children Alma 17-22 Grounded with Barbara Morgan Alma 17-22 Our Mothers Knew It Alma 17-22 Creative Object Lesson Hurricane Utah Adult Religion Class , Book of Mormon The Lamanite Mission of the Sons of Mosiah Video Notes Slides/Handout Resources and Insights for this Week's Lesson The Book of Mormon: A Cultural and Religious Dialogue In the chapters we study this week, we are likely observing events that occurred during two Israelite feast observances. Notice that Alma 19:9 refers to a specific "appointed feast" ( hag   moed ) that was being observed among the Lamanites. When reading the Book of Mormon, one must remember that the Nephites and Lamanites were Jewish. Therefore, the better one understands Jewish culture and tradition, the better one will be able to understand the Book of Mormon as it was intended to be understood by those who wrote it. Even though the Lamanites did not have the brass plates and deviated from many of the Nephites' religious traditions and beliefs, we read that they still had synagogues and believed in a "Great Spirit" that guided their fathers out of Jerusalem. The segments and themes that we explore this week indicate that while many things had changed, there were some traditions they still held on to, such as observing the traditional feast days that were part of the ancient Israelite traditions, at least to some extent. Based on the context of these passages, it appears that the Lamanites may have been observing the feast of Shavuot in Alma 18 and 19 during the events surrounding the conversion of King Lamoni and his wife. The themes of conversion and the outpouring of Spiritual Gifts, including the gift of tongues, healing, and other types of divine revelation, are highlighted in these chapters. These themes align with the fundamental principles pertaining to the Feast Day of Shavuot. Later, the thematic elements in the story of the conversion of Lamoni's father suggest that these events may have occurred around the feast of Tabernacles, a time associated with prophecies pertaining to the last days. However, we will only have time to discuss Shavuot in this week's material. Let us explore some of the potential parallels. Introduction to Shavuot Shavuot, also known as the Feast of Weeks or Pentecost, is one of the three major pilgrimage festivals in Judaism. The name " Shavuot " literally means "sevens" or "weeks," as it is celebrated seven weeks after Passover. This marks the conclusion of the counting of the Omer , a period of 49 days beginning on the second night of Passover. In the New Testament, Shavuot is referred to as Pentecost , which literally means "fiftieth" in Greek, comparable to the 7x7 plus 1 of the Jewish tradition. Shavuot traditionally marked the season when the wheat harvest was gathered and brought to the Tabernacle or Temple. Following the Savior's ascension, it was on Shavuot that the apostles received the Holy Ghost, the second Comforter ( παράκλητος paráklētos) that was promised by the Savior in John 14-16. On this day of Pentecost, the apostles and many others from different nationalities and cultural backgrounds experienced a mighty outpouring of the Holy Ghost, which is described in Acts 2. This experience included the ability to speak in tongues, the gift of prophecy, the gift of healing, and multiple conversions, in addition to other spiritual manifestations. This day of Pentecost was so profound that it became recognized among the early Christians as the formal anniversary of the Christian Faith because it signified the beginning of the apostolic public ministry and the widespread dissemination of Jesus' teachings among multiple cultures and communities. Historically, Shavuot commemorated the giving of the Torah at Mount Sinai, which was celebrated by the annual wheat harvest offering. The festival held dual significance as it celebrated the divine revelation of the Torah and the abundance of God's agricultural bounty. This harvest theme is referenced many times throughout the Book of Mormon and Doctrine & Covenants, particularly during Alma and the Sons of Mosiah's missions. Look for it, and you will see it frequently. Shavuot also shares several thematic elements with Christ's Sermon on the Mount. While the New Testament does not provide a specific date for this sermon, some scholars and theologians believe there may be an inherent connection due to the significant thematic parallels between Jesus' teachings about the higher Law on the Mount of Beatitudes and Moses' foundational teaching of the Torah (the "Law") on Mount Sinai. Additionally, it is highly likely that Christ appeared to the Nephites on Shavuot. This would have occurred shortly after His ascension, following the 40-day period that he spent with his apostles in Jerusalem. This would explain why there was such a large gathering at the Temple in Bountiful when Christ appeared. Faithful Nephites would have gathered at the Temple to observe the feast day as part of their annual religious tradition. In His message to the Nephites, the Savior drew heavily from the Shavuot themes that He taught in His Sermon on the Mount, presenting a higher interpretation of the Law that was initially presented by Moses. The Timing of Christ’s Appearance to the Nephites, Shavuot, and the Temple Endowment , The Temple Context and Unity of the Sermon at the Temple Historical Context and Observance in Jewish Tradition and Ancient Israel Traditions and Themes associated with Shavuot 1. Torah Study: In later Jewish tradition, all-night Torah study sessions, known as Tikkun Leil Shavuot , became customary to commemorate the anticipation of receiving the Torah. This practice reminds the student that the early Israelites were physically and spiritually asleep when Moses presented them with the Torah after descending from Mount Sinai the first and second time. Tikkun Leil Shavuot reminds students to learn from the past and to rectify our forefathers' mistakes so we can be prepared and awake to receive the full blessings of God's Law and Revelation. Even though this practice did not come until later in Jewish history, there are many parallels one can observe in the conversion of Limhi and his Queen, who woke from their spiritual slumber, becoming converted to God's Law, thereby establishing a new path forward for the Lamanite nation. 2. Reading the Book of Ruth: Ruth's story is traditionally read during Shavuot services, reflecting themes of conversion, loyalty, and divine providence. 3. Dairy Foods: Consuming dairy foods symbolizes the "land flowing with milk and honey" and the purity, nourishment, and sweetness of the Torah. 4. Decorating with Greenery: Homes and synagogues are adorned with greenery and flowers, reminiscent of Mount Sinai. 5. Offering Bikkurim: Though the Jewish Temple no longer stands, the principle of offering first fruits is observed through acts of charity and generosity. Shavuot Themes demonstrated in Alma 18 The narrative in Alma 18 of the Book of Mormon mirrors several themes of Shavuot, particularly those of conversion, the outpouring of Spiritual gifts, divine revelation, and cultural unification. 1. Divine Revelation and Theophany: Shavuot commemorates the revelation of the Torah at Mount Sinai when Moses descended with the second set of stone tablets that outlined the commandments and the Torah, "the Law," written by the finger of the Lord. In Alma 18, King Lamoni experiences a profound theophany, a direct encounter with the divine, leading to his spiritual awakening and conversion. This parallels the Israelites’ encounter with God at Sinai, highlighting the transformative power of divine revelation. 2. Spiritual Outpouring and Renewal: Shavuot is associated with the outpouring of the Holy Spirit. In Alma 18, Lamoni’s experience is marked by the "Great Spirit’s" influence, leading to his conversion and understanding of God’s truth. This spiritual renewal and transformational theme is central to both Shavuot and Alma 18. 3. Acceptance of Divine Law: Shavuot marks the Israelites' acceptance of the Torah. Similarly, Lamoni’s conversion signifies his acceptance of God’s teachings as taught by Ammon and the restoration of the Law being taught among the Lamanites. This acceptance transforms his life and his people’s lives, mirroring the impact of the Torah on the Israelites. 4. Community and Unity: Shavuot emphasizes community and unity as the Israelites gathered to receive the Torah. In Alma 18, Lamoni’s conversion leads to a communal spiritual revival, bringing unity and collective faith to his people. Women Celebrated During Shavuot and Parallels in Alma 18 Shavuot is traditionally associated with Ruth and Naomi, two remarkable women whose lives reflect themes of conversion, loyalty, faith, and divine foresight. Similarly, Alma 18 in the Book of Mormon highlights the faith and actions of King Lamoni's wife and the servant girl, Abish. These women play crucial roles in their respective narratives, showcasing their strength, faith, and significant impact on their communities. Ruth and Naomi Ruth, a Moabite widow, displays remarkable loyalty to her Israelite mother-in-law, Naomi. She chooses to stay with her and adopt Naomi's people and God as her own, declaring, "Where you go, I will go, and where you stay, I will stay. Your people will be my people and your God my God" (Ruth 1:16). Despite the grief she experienced in losing her husband, Naomi maintains her faith in God and encourages Ruth to seek the protection and provision of Boaz, a kinsman-redeemer. Boaz, whose relationship with Ruth is described by the Hebrew word " go’el " (meaning "kinsman" and "redeemer"), marries Ruth, securing Naomi's future and continuing the Judean lineage that leads to King David and ultimately to Jesus Christ. Boaz's example and role as a redeemer for David's family line foreshadows the coming and necessity of Jesus Christ as the Redeemer of all Israel (see Acts 20:28 ; 1 Cor. 6:20 ). King Lamoni's Wife and Abish In Alma 18, when King Lamoni falls into a spiritual sleep, his queen demonstrates immense faith by seeking out Ammon, confident in his prophetic role. Ammon reassures her that Lamoni is experiencing a divine encounter, and her faith is rewarded when Lamoni awakens and testifies of his vision. Similarly, Abish, a servant girl who had previously converted to the gospel discreetly, exhibits tremendous courage and faith. Witnessing the king, queen, and others overcome by the Spirit, she, like Ammon, remains composed, understanding exactly what is happening due to her own theophanic experience. Abish not only comprehends the divine event but also recognizes her responsibility to act. She steps forward to assist Ammon, thereby catalyzing the spread of the gospel among the Lamanites. The Throne-Theophany and Prophetic Commission in 1 Nephi: A Form Critical Analysis These women's experiences highlight that profound spiritual revelations and divine encounters are not limited by gender or political status. The queen’s and Abish’s roles emphasize that women of faith can receive significant theophanic experiences and play pivotal roles in God's plan, mirroring their male counterparts. The faith and actions of Naomi, Ruth, Limhi's queen, and the servant Abish led to widespread conversions, promoting spiritual awakenings, bridging cultural divides, and securing the continuity and future of their lineage. Just as Ruth’s conversion symbolized the inclusion of Gentiles into Israel's covenant community, Lamoni’s wife’s acceptance of the gospel and Abish’s actions represented the potential for spiritual transformation within the Lamanite communities and beyond. Both narratives underscore the inclusive nature of God's reach and scope. His love and his covenant are not limited to any particular nation, gender, or class. Every person of faith who exercises righteousness can significantly contribute to God's work and their world. ( A Plea to My Sisters, President Nelson ) Overview Alma 17 Alma 17 begins the narrative of Alma's reunion with the sons of Mosiah after fourteen years of missionary service. The chapter focuses on the sons of Mosiah's preparation and dedication as they embark on their mission to teach the Lamanites. It highlights themes of faith, perseverance, divine guidance, and the power of the Spirit in missionary work. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Faith and Perseverance : Encourages readers to prepare spiritually through fasting and prayer and to rely on the Spirit in all endeavors. Service and Humility : Highlights the importance of serving others with humility and dedication, following Christ’s example. Divine Guidance and Protection : Reassures readers of divine guidance and protection in their righteous pursuits and challenges. Missionary Work and Divine Guidance : Concept of Harvest. Explore the role of divine guidance in missionary work and personal spiritual journeys. ’With Power and Authority of God’: Principles of Missionary Success Instruments in the Hands of God: The Message of Alma 17-27 Missionary Work Hebraic Practices in Spiritual Preparation : Discuss the significance of fasting, prayer, and service in Hebraic traditions and their relevance in modern practice. Courage and Faith in Overcoming Challenges : Reflect on the importance of courage and faith in facing and overcoming life’s challenges, drawing parallels to scriptural examples. In His Footsteps: Ammon 1 and Ammon 2 Literary and Linguistic Insights: Flashbacks in the Book of Alma Sojourn, Dwell, and Stay: Terms of Servitude What’s in a Name? Sebus “I Will Deliver Thy Sons”: An Onomastic Approach to Three Iterations of an Oracle to Mosiah II (Mosiah 28:7; Alma 17:35, 19:23) Labor Diligently to Write: The Ancient Making of a Modern Scripture — Chapter 14: Alma Chapters XII-XIII (17–22) Cultural and Geographical Observations: Nephite and Lamanite Kings From Nephi to Zarahemla: The Missionary Journeys of Mosiah's Sons Twelve Journeys between the Cities of Nephi and Zarahemla Ammon and Cutting Off the Arms of Enemies Ammon and the Mesoamerican Custom of Smiting off Arms The Record of My Father Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Alma 17 Ammon Serves and Teaches King Lamoni | Alma 17–19 Verses 1-9: Reunion of Alma and the Sons of Mosiah Search the Scriptures Daily -Monson 1-4: Alma encounters the sons of Mosiah, who are filled with joy at seeing him. They had been on a fourteen-year mission to preach the gospel to the Lamanites . Joyful Reunion Shared Joy : The reunion emphasizes the joy and camaraderie among faithful servants of God. Missionary Dedication : Highlights the long-term commitment and dedication of the sons of Mosiah in spreading the gospel. Deep Dive into ONE VERSE (Alma 17:1) with Rabbi Joe Charnes | Come Follow Me Study What Does the Book of Mormon Teach about the Priesthood? 5-9: Alma and the sons of Mosiah recount their experiences, including their trials, faith, and successes in their missionary efforts. The sons of Mosiah had been strengthened by the Spirit and had brought many Lamanites to the knowledge of the truth. Missionary Experiences Trials and Successes : Describes the hardships and successes faced during their missions. Spiritual Strength : Emphasizes the role of the Spirit in guiding and strengthening missionaries. Flashback Sequences (Alma 17–27) Verses 10-19: Preparation for Missionary Work Scripture Roundtable: Book of Mormon Gospel Doctrine Lesson 25, “They Taught with Power and Authority of God” 10-12: The sons of Mosiah and their companions had prepared themselves through much fasting and prayer, seeking the guidance and strength of the Lord. Spiritual Preparation Fasting and Prayer : Highlights the importance of spiritual preparation through fasting and prayer. Seeking Guidance : Emphasizes the need for divine guidance in undertaking missionary work. 13-19: The narrative details their journey into Lamanite territory. They encounter various dangers and challenges but are continually guided and protected by the Lord. Journey into Lamanite Territory Facing Dangers : Describes the challenges and dangers faced while traveling among the Lamanites. Divine Protection : Emphasizes the Lord’s protection and guidance during their journey. Verses 20-39: Ammon’s Mission Among the Lamanites 20-25: Ammon, one of the sons of Mosiah, chooses to go to the land of Ishmael. He is captured and brought before King Lamoni, who initially intends to imprison him. Encounter with King Lamoni Ammon’s Captivity : Ammon’s capture and presentation before King Lamoni sets the stage for his mission. Divine Confidence : Ammon’s calmness and confidence reflect his faith in divine support. How Does the Book of Mormon Use an Ancient Storytelling Technique? Ammon, Moses, and Exodus Parallels 26-29: Ammon offers to serve King Lamoni as a servant. He is assigned to tend the flocks, during which he encounters a group of Lamanite robbers attempting to scatter the flocks. Ammon’s Service Willing Service : Ammon’s willingness to serve reflects Christ-like humility and dedication. Confrontation with Robbers : His encounter with the robbers highlights his courage and reliance on divine strength. Attestation of Sebus 30-39: Ammon, empowered by the Spirit, defends the flocks, impressing King Lamoni and his servants. This act of bravery and divine power leads to further opportunities to teach the gospel. Divine Empowerment Defending the Flocks : Ammon’s actions demonstrate the power of faith and the Spirit in overcoming challenges. Opening Doors for Teaching : His bravery and divine assistance gain the respect and curiosity of the Lamanites, paving the way for missionary work. Severed Arms as War Trophies Slings Overview Alma 18 Alma 18 focuses on the events following Ammon's impressive defense of King Lamoni's flocks and his subsequent interactions with King Lamoni. This chapter highlights themes of spiritual outpouring, divine manifestations, and the powerful witness of the Holy Spirit. Drawing parallels with Hebraic customs, particularly the Feast of Shavuot (Pentecost), this chapter emphasizes the importance of recognizing and trusting in divine experiences. The chapter demonstrates themes of spiritual renewal, the gift of tongues, and throne theophany, affirming the power of direct revelation available to all individuals. It underscores each person's crucial role in the spiritual narrative, regardless of gender or political station. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Parallels with Feast of Shavuot (Pentecost) : The themes of spiritual outpouring and divine manifestation in Alma 18 parallel the Feast of Shavuot, which celebrates the giving of the Law and the outpouring of the Spirit. The gift of tongues and spiritual renewal are central to both events. Synagogues and Great Spirit : The reference to synagogues among the Lamanites indicates a form of organized worship. The belief in the Great Spirit shows a recognition of a higher power, setting the stage for Lamoni’s spiritual experience. Recognition of Divine Encounters : Encourages readers to recognize and trust in divine encounters and spiritual experiences. Divine Revelation and Theophany in Scripture : The chapter highlights the significance of divine encounters, where individuals, regardless of gender, can experience profound spiritual revelations. This is illustrated by King Lamoni’s theophany and the similar experiences of Limhi's queen and Abish. Theosis in the Book of Mormon: The Work and Glory of the Father, Mother and Son, and Holy Ghost Interpreting Interpreter: Book of Mormon Theosis Spiritual Outpouring and Renewal : Lamoni’s spiritual awakening and the subsequent conversion of his household and kingdom mirror the outpouring of the Holy Spirit during Shavuot, emphasizing renewal and transformation through divine influence. Inclusivity of Divine Experiences : The narrative underscores that theophanic experiences are not limited to men. The queen’s and Abish’s roles demonstrate that women can also receive divine manifestations and play crucial parts in the spiritual narrative. The Creation: An Introduction to Our Relationship to God Faith and Conversion : The faith of Lamoni’s queen and her pivotal role in seeking Ammon’s help, along with Lamoni’s conversion, highlight the transformative power of faith and the importance of sincere spiritual inquiry. Power of Testimony : Highlights the transformative power of personal testimony and spiritual witness. Faith in Divine Power : Reinforces the importance of faith in divine power and the guidance of the Holy Spirit. Literary and Linguistic Observations: The Book of Alma as a Prototype for Teaching the Word of God Anachronisms: The Wrong Things at the Wrong Time Cultural and Geographical Insights : Nephite ‘Great Spirit’ Religion and the Amalekite Religion What is the Nature and Use of Chariots in the Book of Mormon? Why Are Horses Mentioned in the Book of Mormon? The Wheel in Ancient America Basic Methodological Problems with the Anti-Mormon Approach to the Geography and Archaeology of the Book of Mormon ’Hard’ Evidence of Ancient American Horses Anachronisms: The Wrong Things at the Wrong Time A Scientist Looks at Book of Mormon Anachronisms Deer as ‘Goat’ and Pre-Columbian Domesticate Once More: The Horse Out of the Dust Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Alma 18 Ammon Serves and Teaches King Lamoni | Alma 17–19 Verses 1-10: King Lamoni's Curiosity and Ammon's Service A Great Spirit 1-4: King Lamoni hears about Ammon’s miraculous defense of the flocks and becomes curious about his power and origins. He summons Ammon to learn more about him. Curiosity and Inquiry Miraculous Acts : Lamoni’s curiosity is piqued by Ammon’s extraordinary deeds. Summoning Ammon : Indicates the king’s desire to understand the source of Ammon’s power. 5-10: Ammon, now a trusted servant, is brought before the king. Lamoni’s initial fear turns to curiosity, and he begins to inquire about Ammon’s background and intentions. From Fear to Curiosity Transition of Emotions : Lamoni’s fear is replaced by a sincere desire to understand Ammon. Dialogue Begins : Sets the stage for a significant spiritual discussion. What is the Nature and Use of Chariots in the Book of Mormon? Verses 11-16: Spiritual Outpouring and Theophany Ammon Teaches King Lamoni -Elder Eyring 11-13: Ammon perceives the king’s interest and begins to explain the gospel, starting with the creation and the existence of God. His words are accompanied by the power of the Spirit. Spiritual Outpouring Gospel Teaching : Ammon starts his teaching with fundamental doctrines. Power of the Spirit : The spiritual outpouring is evident as Ammon speaks with divine authority. 14-16: King Lamoni experiences a profound spiritual awakening. He is overcome by the Spirit, falls to the ground as if dead, and remains in this state for several days. Throne Theophany Spiritual Awakening : Lamoni’s experience is akin to a theophany, a direct encounter with the divine. Parallels with Shavuot : The themes of spiritual outpouring and divine manifestation parallel the Feast of Shavuot, which celebrates the giving of the Law and the outpouring of the Spirit. Verses 17-23: The Queen’s Faith and Ammon’s Confidence 17-18: The queen, deeply concerned for her husband, seeks Ammon’s help. She believes that Ammon can help her understand what has happened to Lamoni. The Queen’s Faith Seeking Help : The queen’s faith in Ammon’s abilities reflects her hope and desperation. Confidence in Ammon : She trusts that Ammon can provide answers and assistance. 19-23: Ammon reassures the queen, explaining that Lamoni is not dead but has had a spiritual experience. He draws parallels with similar experiences, showing his understanding and confidence. Ammon’s Confidence and Understanding Reassurance : Ammon’s calm explanation reassures the queen. Understanding Theophany : Ammon recognizes the theophany, similar to experiences he has observed with Alma. Verses 24-35: Lamoni’s Revival and Conversion Sharing the Gospel -Ballard 24-27: Lamoni awakens, filled with the Spirit. He testifies of his vision, proclaiming the reality of God and the truth of Ammon’s teachings. Revival and Testimony Lamoni’s Awakening : His revival is marked by a powerful testimony. Proclamation of Truth : Lamoni’s declaration reinforces the divine nature of his experience. 28-35: Lamoni’s conversion leads to the conversion of his household and many in his kingdom. The outpouring of the Spirit results in widespread acceptance of the gospel. Widespread Conversion Household Conversion : Lamoni’s entire household embraces the gospel. Kingdom-wide Acceptance : The Spirit’s influence extends throughout the kingdom, leading to many conversions. Overview Alma 19 Alma 19 continues the narrative of King Lamoni’s spiritual awakening and conversion, focusing on the responses of his household and the subsequent widespread conversion among the Lamanites. This chapter highlights themes of faith, divine intervention, the inclusivity of theophanic experiences, and the transformative power of the gospel. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: The Queen’s Testimony : The queen’s testimony after her revival is a powerful witness to the people. Widespread Conversion : The miraculous events lead to significant conversions. Peace and Joy : The chapter ends with peace and joy, highlighting the gospel's transformative power. Faith and Divine Power & Intervention : The chapter emphasizes the role of faith in facilitating divine intervention and spiritual experiences. Inclusivity of Theophanic Experiences : Both the queen and Abish experience profound spiritual manifestations. This section affirms that profound spiritual experiences are available to all, regardless of gender, and that everyone can play a significant role in God’s plan. People to Whom Jesus Christ or the Angel of the Lord Appeared Transformative Power of the Gospel : The widespread conversions and the resultant peace and joy underscore the gospel's transformative impact on individuals and communities. Ordinary People in the Book of Mormon Role of Women in Spiritual Narratives : The active roles of the queen and Abish in this chapter emphasize the significant contributions of women in spiritual narratives and their capacity to influence and inspire faith. It recognizes and celebrates these contributions and encourages the acknowledgment of their roles in modern faith communities. Women in the Book of Mormon -Bowen, Donna Lee, and Camille S. Williams Women in the Book of Mormon -Welch, John W., and Greg Welch Literary and Linguistic Observations: Reading Competency in the Book of Mormon: Abish and Other Model Readers Nephi’s Good Inclusio “Father is a Man: The Remarkable Mention of the name Abish in Alma 19:16 and Its Narrative Context Book of Mormon Names Attested in Ancient Hebrew Inscriptions Cultural and Geographic Insights: ’Stretch Forth Thy Hand and Prophesy’: Hand Gestures in the Book of Mormon Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Alma 19 Ammon Serves and Teaches King Lamoni | Alma 17–19 Verses 1-10: The Queen’s Faith and King Lamoni’s Awakening 1-3: After King Lamoni falls into a trance-like state, his wife faithfully watches over him for two days and nights. On the third day, she seeks Ammon’s help, expressing her belief in his spiritual power. The Queen’s Faith Watchful Vigil : The queen’s dedication and concern for Lamoni reflect her deep faith and love. Seeking Divine Help : Her decision to seek Ammon’s assistance shows her belief in his connection to divine power. 4-6: The queen pleads with Ammon to visit the king, convinced that Ammon can bring him back. Ammon reassures her, stating that Lamoni is not dead but is under divine influence. Reassurance and Confidence Faith in Ammon : The queen’s trust in Ammon’s abilities is a testament to her faith. Divine Influence : Ammon explains the spiritual nature of Lamoni’s condition, displaying his understanding of theophanic experiences. Why Are People Exhausted by Powerful Spiritual Experiences? 7-10: Ammon tells the queen to believe in Lamoni’s revival. She faithfully complies, and Lamoni awakens, testifying of his vision and the reality of God. Revival and Testimony Obedient Faith : The queen’s belief and obedience lead to Lamoni’s miraculous revival. Powerful Testimony : Lamoni’s testimony of his divine vision underscores the authenticity of his spiritual experience. Verses 11-16: The Queen’s Theophany and Household Conversion 11-13: Overcome by the Spirit, the queen also falls to the ground. Ammon’s joy is great as he witnesses the transformative power of faith and divine intervention. Queen’s Theophany Spiritual Outpouring : The queen’s experience mirrors Lamoni’s, highlighting the inclusivity of divine encounters. Joy in Conversion : Ammon’s joy reflects the profound impact of witnessing genuine spiritual transformations. 14-16: The household of King Lamoni, seeing these events, begins to believe. Ammon, overjoyed, prays for them and teaches them the gospel. Household Conversion Influence of Faith : The queen’s and Lamoni’s experiences inspire faith and belief in their household. Teaching and Prayer : Ammon’s teachings and prayers further the spiritual transformation within the household. Verses 17-30: Abish’s Role and the Widespread Conversion Why Was Abish Mentioned by Name? Wordplay on Abish 17-18: Abish, a servant who had been secretly converted to the gospel, sees the events unfold and seizes the opportunity to gather the people to witness the miracle. Abish’s Faith and Initiative Secret Conversion : Abish’s prior conversion showcases the quiet yet powerful impact of individual faith. Taking Action : Her decision to gather the people demonstrates her initiative and desire to share the gospel. What Can We Learn From Abish’s Member-missionary Work? “And Behold” 19-23: The people gather and see the royal household overcome by the Spirit. Some murmur and doubt, while others are amazed. A contention arises among the crowd. Mixed Reactions Murmuring and Doubt : Some people express skepticism and disbelief. Amazement and Contention : Others are amazed, leading to a division and contention among the crowd. Anger Is an Indication of Weakness -Hinkley 24-30: Abish takes the queen by the hand, and she arises, testifying of her vision. The people are astonished, and many are converted. The narrative concludes with the peace and joy that follow the widespread acceptance of the gospel. Resolution and Peace The Queen’s Testimony : The queen’s testimony after her revival is a powerful witness to the people. Widespread Conversion : The miraculous events lead to a significant number of conversions. Peace and Joy : The chapter ends on a note of peace and joy, highlighting the transformative power of the gospel. What Does the Abish Story Signal About the Resurrection? Verses 31-36: Additional Conversions and Continued Ministry 31: The converted Lamanites testify of the power of God, leading to further conversions among the people.  32: Many people are baptized, and the church begins to grow significantly in the land.  33-34: King Lamoni and his household minister to the people, strengthening their faith and helping to establish the church.  35-36: The chapter concludes with a note on the joy and unity among the new converts, who experience profound peace and transformation through their faith. Why Did Nephite Authors Use Repetitive Resumption? Repetitive Resumption Overview Alma 20 Alma 20 continues the narrative of Ammon's mission among the Lamanites, focusing on his journey with King Lamoni to the land of Middoni and the subsequent rescue of Ammon's brother, Aaron. The chapter highlights themes of following divine direction, exhibiting courage in faith, and persevering in the face of adversity. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Divine Guidance : The chapter emphasizes the importance of receiving and following divine direction. Courage and Loyalty : Lamoni’s support for Ammon and his courage in standing up to his father highlight the power of faith. The Power of Forgiveness and its Influence : Ammon’s act of forgiveness toward Lamoni’s father illustrates the power of mercy and its impact on others. Transformation and Redemption : The changes in Lamoni’s father signify the potential for transformation and redemption through the gospel. Remaining Persistent in the Ministry in the Face of Adversity : The continued efforts of Ammon and his brothers underscore the importance of perseverance in missionary work. Missionary Work and Perseverance : Reflect on the significance of persistent missionary efforts and the impact of faith-driven service on communities. Literary and Linguistic Observations: The Middoni Principle ’If Ye Will Hearken’: Lehi’s Rhetorical Wordplay on Ishmael in 2 Nephi 1:28–29 and Its Implications Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Alma 20 Verses 1-6: Divine Guidance and Change of Plans 1-3: The Lord commands Ammon to go to the land of Middoni to free his imprisoned brothers. Ammon informs King Lamoni of this divine directive. Divine Guidance Revelation : Ammon receives specific instructions from the Lord to change his plans and head to Middoni. Obedience : Ammon’s immediate compliance with the divine command showcases his faith and willingness to follow God’s will. 4-6: King Lamoni offers to accompany Ammon to Middoni and provides support. Along the way, they encounter Lamoni’s father, the king of all the Lamanites. Support and Alliance Lamoni’s Loyalty : King Lamoni’s decision to accompany Ammon signifies his loyalty and growing faith. Unexpected Encounter : The encounter with Lamoni’s father introduces a new conflict and opportunity for further gospel teaching. Verses 7-15: Confrontation with Lamoni's Father What Did it Mean to be “King Over All the Land”? 7-10: Lamoni’s father is angry to see Lamoni with Ammon, a Nephite, and demands that Lamoni kill Ammon. When Lamoni refuses, his father attempts to kill him. Conflict and Courage Conflict : Lamoni’s father’s anger highlights the deep-seated enmity between the Lamanites and the Nephites. Courage : Lamoni’s refusal to harm Ammon, even under threat, demonstrates his newfound faith and courage. Tiered Kingship 11-15: Ammon intervenes, protecting Lamoni and overpowering his father. He spares Lamoni’s father’s life in exchange for the release of his brothers from prison. Forgiveness and Influence Protection : Ammon’s intervention showcases his strength and divine protection. Forgiveness : By sparing Lamoni’s father, Ammon exhibits forgiveness and gains influence, leading to the release of his brothers. Verses 16-22: Rescue of Aaron and Companions 16-18: Lamoni’s father, moved by Ammon’s actions, grants his request and ensures the release of Aaron and his companions from prison in Middoni. Compassion and Transformation Compassion : Lamoni’s father’s decision to free Aaron and his companions reflects a softening of his heart. Transformation : The events signify the beginning of Lamoni’s father’s transformation and openness to the gospel. 19-22: Ammon, Lamoni, and the freed missionaries return to the land of Ishmael, where they are welcomed with great joy. Reunification and Joy Reunification : The successful rescue and return of the missionaries highlight the power of divine intervention and unity. Joy : The joyful reunion emphasizes the communal support and the strengthening of faith among the believers. Verses 23-30: Continuing Ministry and Challenges 23-25: Ammon and his brothers continue to teach the gospel among the Lamanites, encountering both acceptance and opposition. Persistent Ministry Teaching : The missionaries persist in their efforts to spread the gospel despite challenges. Acceptance and Opposition : The varied reactions underscore the complexities of missionary work. 26-30: The chapter concludes with a reflection on the missionaries’ perseverance and the ongoing conversion of many Lamanites, despite the obstacles they face. Perseverance and Impact Perseverance : The missionaries’ unwavering dedication highlights their commitment to their divine mission. Impact : The growing number of converts demonstrates the transformative power of the gospel. Overview Alma 21 Alma 21 recounts the missionary efforts of Aaron, one of the sons of Mosiah, as he preaches among the Lamanites. The chapter details Aaron's challenges, imprisonment, and eventual success in spreading the gospel. Key themes include perseverance in the face of opposition, the power of testimony, and the gradual spread of the gospel among the Lamanites. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Perseverance in Adversity : The chapter highlights the importance of remaining steadfast in faith and mission despite facing severe opposition and hardship. Alma’s Enemies: The Case of the Lamanites, Amlicites, and Mysterious Amalekites Apostate Religion in the Book of Mormon Missionary Work and Challenges : Explore the challenges faced by missionaries in various historical and cultural contexts and how they overcame them. Power of Testimony : The transformative power of personal testimony and divine intervention is evident in the conversion of the Lamanite king and his people. Divine Guidance and Support : The missionaries' rescue and success underscore the critical role of divine guidance and the support of fellow believers in fulfilling their mission. Impact of High-Profile Conversions : The conversion of influential figures, such as the Lamanite king, demonstrates the potential for significant, widespread impact on entire communities. Literary and Linguistic Observations: Flashbacks in the Book of Alma ’If Ye Will Hearken’: Lehi’s Rhetorical Wordplay on Ishmael in 2 Nephi 1:28–29 and Its Implications Cultural and Geographical Insights: The Amlicites and Amalekites: Are They the Same People Nephite Insights into Israelite Worship Practices before the Babylonian Captivity Legal Cases and Procedures in the Book of Mormon Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Alma 21 Verses 1-8: Aaron’s Mission in the City of Jerusalem 1-3: Aaron and his companions begin preaching in the city of Jerusalem, a Lamanite city named after the ancient city of Jerusalem. They encounter a people who are deeply entrenched in false traditions and idolatry. Initial Efforts and Opposition Preaching : Aaron and his companions preach the gospel, focusing on the resurrection and redemption through Jesus Christ. Opposition : They face significant resistance from the Amalekites and Amulonites, apostate Nephites who hold considerable influence over the Lamanites. 4-8: Aaron and his companions are rejected and forced to leave the city. They then preach in smaller villages with limited success before heading to the land of Middoni. Persistence Amid Rejection Rejection in Jerusalem : The strong opposition in Jerusalem forces Aaron to seek more receptive audiences elsewhere. Continued Efforts : Despite the challenges, they continue to preach in surrounding areas, demonstrating their perseverance. Verses 9-17: Imprisonment and Rescue 9-10: Aaron and his companions are captured and imprisoned in Middoni. They suffer greatly but remain steadfast in their faith. Suffering and Steadfastness Imprisonment : The missionaries face harsh conditions in prison, highlighting the physical and emotional trials of their mission. Faith and Perseverance : Despite their suffering, Aaron and his companions remain committed to their cause. 11-14: Ammon and Lamoni, guided by divine inspiration, come to Middoni to rescue Aaron and the others. Through the intervention of Lamoni and his father, the missionaries are released. Divine Guidance and Rescue Divine Intervention : Lamoni and his father are instrumental in securing the release of the imprisoned missionaries, underscoring the importance of divine guidance and support. Reunion : The rescue and reunion of the missionaries highlight the solidarity and mutual support among the sons of Mosiah. Why Did Mormon Include Flashbacks in His Narrative? Verses 18-23: Continued Preaching and Conversion 15-17: After their release, Aaron and his companions continue their missionary efforts with renewed vigor. They teach the gospel in various regions, focusing on the power of repentance and faith in Jesus Christ. Renewed Efforts and Teaching Persistent Preaching : The missionaries continue to preach despite previous hardships, demonstrating their unwavering dedication. Focus on Core Doctrines : Their teachings emphasize repentance and faith as central to salvation. Previews and Summaries of Embedded Documents 18-23: Aaron preaches to the king of the Lamanites, who is Lamoni’s father. The king is initially resistant but becomes receptive after a miraculous experience, leading to his conversion and the subsequent conversion of many of his people. High-Profile Conversion and Impact King’s Conversion : The conversion of Lamoni’s father represents a significant breakthrough, as his influence leads to widespread acceptance of the gospel among the Lamanites. Widespread Impact : The king’s conversion catalyzes a broader movement of conversion and spiritual awakening among his people. Overview Alma 22 Alma 22 details the powerful conversion of the Lamanite king, Lamoni’s father, through Aaron's teachings. This chapter underscores themes of divine revelation, humility, repentance, and the transformative power of the gospel. The king's conversion led to significant changes in Lamanite society, highlighting the far-reaching impact of faith and leadership. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Divine Revelation and Humility : The chapter emphasizes the importance of divine revelation and the need for humility in receiving spiritual truths. Seeking Spiritual Truth : Encourages readers to seek spiritual truths with humility and an open heart. Repentance and Transformation : Highlights the transformative power of repentance and faith in Jesus Christ. Impact of Leadership : Demonstrates how the conversion of a key leader can lead to widespread societal changes and spiritual awakenings. Religious Freedom : The king’s proclamation of religious freedom underscores the importance of allowing individuals to explore and embrace faith freely. Linguistic and Literary Observations: Directions in Hebrew, Egyptian, and Nephite Language The Record of My Father ’From the Sea East Even to the Sea West’: Thoughts on a Proposed Book of Mormon Chiasm Describing Geography in Alma 22:27 Cultural and Geographical Insights: Raised by a Handclasp Verses in the Book of Mormon with Potential Geographical Relevance Ten Essential Features of Book of Mormon Geography Geographical Names Listed Alphabetically chart 150 Geographical Names Listed by Scripture Reference chart 151 Plausible Locations in Mesoamerica for Book of Mormon Places Mesoamerica Archaeological Sites in Mesoamerica Travel Across the ‘Narrow Neck of Land ’A Day and a Half's Journey for a Nephite Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Alma 22 Verses 1-7: Aaron Teaches the King 1-3: Aaron and his brethren visit the land of Nephi, where they meet the father of King Lamoni. The king is initially intrigued by their message and asks Aaron to explain more about their faith. Curiosity and Inquiry King's Curiosity : The king's interest in Aaron's teachings sets the stage for a significant spiritual discussion. Open Dialogue : Aaron seizes the opportunity to teach the king about the gospel. 4-7: Aaron teaches the king about the creation, the fall of Adam, and the plan of redemption through Jesus Christ. He explains the necessity of repentance and faith in the Savior for salvation. Core Gospel Teachings Plan of Redemption : Aaron outlines the fundamental doctrines of the gospel, including the creation, fall, and redemption. Necessity of Repentance : Emphasizes the importance of repentance and faith as essential steps toward salvation. Understanding the Fall -Benson Verses 8-14: The King’s Spiritual Awakening 8-9: The king is deeply moved by Aaron’s words and desires to know what he must do to obtain eternal life. He offers to give up his entire kingdom in exchange for this knowledge. Desire for Eternal Life Deep Conviction : The king’s desire for eternal life shows his sincere quest for spiritual truth and transformation. Willingness to Sacrifice : His willingness to give up his kingdom underscores the depth of his conversion experience. 10-14: Aaron instructs the king to bow down before God, repent of his sins, and call upon the name of the Lord in faith. The king follows Aaron's counsel and is struck as if dead, overwhelmed by the Spirit. Humility and Repentance Act of Humility : The king’s willingness to bow down before God demonstrates his humility and recognition of divine authority. Spiritual Overwhelm : The king’s physical reaction signifies a profound spiritual transformation and the overpowering presence of the Holy Spirit. Verses 15-23: The Queen’s Faith and the King’s Revival 15-18: The queen, seeing her husband’s condition, fears he is dead and pleads with Aaron to help. Aaron reassures her and instructs her to have faith. She follows his c ounsel, and the king revives. Queen’s Faith and Support Concern and Fear : The queen’s initial fear reflects her deep concern for her husband. Faith and Obedience : Her willingness to follow Aaron’s instructions highlights her faith and support. 19-23: The king awakens, filled with the Holy Spirit, and testifies of his vision and the truth of Aaron’s teachings. His testimony leads to the conversion of his entire household. Revival and Testimony Spiritual Awakening : The king’s revival and testimony signify a complete spiritual transformation. Household Conversion : The king’s testimony has a profound impact, leading to the conversion of his entire household. Verses 24-29: The King’s Proclamation and Societal Impact 24-27: The king issues a proclamation throughout the land, granting religious freedom and protection to Aaron and his brethren. He encourages his people to listen to their teachings and embrace the gospel. Proclamation of Religious Freedom Religious Freedom : The king’s proclamation ensures the safety and freedom of the missionaries to preach the gospel. Encouragement to Embrace the Gospel : The king’s endorsement significantly aids the missionaries’ efforts to spread their message. 28-29: The missionaries continue to preach with great success, leading to widespread conversions among the Lamanites. The gospel’s influence grows, resulting in significant changes in Lamanite society. Widespread Conversion and Change Successful Ministry : The missionaries’ efforts lead to a large number of conversions. Societal Transformation : The acceptance of the gospel brings about significant positive changes in Lamanite society. Verses 30-35: Expansion of Missionary Efforts Traditions of Transoceanic Migrations 30: Aaron and his brethren depart from the land of Nephi to preach the gospel in the land of Ishmael.  31-32: They encounter great success, bringing many to the knowledge of the truth, including influential leaders among the Lamanites.  33-34: The newly converted Lamanites build synagogues and places of worship, indicating a structured and organized acceptance of the gospel.  35: The chapter concludes with a note on the joy and unity among the converts, who experience profound peace and transformation through their faith. Healing and Peace through Restoration & Unity Why Did Mormon Give So Many Details About Geography? Church Videos & Resources Alma-Helaman Talks and References This Month in Come Follow Me Alma 8-15 Scripture Central Study Guide Video Commentary Listed above in podcast section Know Whys Listed above in relation to section. Evidences Listed above in relation to section. Written Commentary John W. Welch Notes - Come Follow Me Book of Mormon Minute by Brant A Gardner Reading Plan Structure your personal scripture study by following a 15-minute, day-by-day plan. Each day's assignment includes the required scripture passages from the Come, Follow Me curriculum, as well as suggestions for additional resources to bring context and understanding to your study. For the best experience, use our  Reading Plan in the free ScripturePlus app ! You can track your progress and have access to the best resources. Monday Scripture: Alma 17:1–17 Commentary:  Introduction Commentary:  We Can Search the Scriptures to Gain the Spirit of Prophecy and Revelation Additional Study Commentary:  Mormon Abridges and Inserts Flashback Narratives Commentary:  The Lord’s Blessing on the Sons of Mosiah Commentary:  Alma 17:9-10 Commentary:  Alma 17:11-13 Commentary:  Alma 17:14-17 KnoWhy:  What Does the Book of Mormon Teach about the Priesthood Evidence:  Flashbacks (Alma 17–27) Tuesday Scripture: Alma 17:18–39 Commentary:  Alma 17:21-24 Additional Study KnoWhy:  Why Did the Servants Present Lamoni with the Arms of His Enemies? Commentary:  Ammon is Captured and Brought before the King Commentary:  Ammon Offers to Be a Servant Commentary:  Alma 17:25-28 Commentary:  Alma 17:36-39 Evidence:  Attestation of Sebus Evidence:  Slings Evidence:  Ammon and Moses Wednesday Scripture: Alma 18:1–43 Commentary:  Ammon Teaches Lamoni and His Servants Additional Study KnoWhy:  What is the Nature and Use of Chariots in the Book of Mormon? Commentary:  Ammon Desires Lamoni to Listen to His Words Commentary:  Alma 18:1-2 Commentary:  Alma 18:3-7 Commentary:  Alma 18:8-9 Commentary:  Alma 18:15-17 Commentary:  Alma 18:26-31 Evidence:  Great Spirit Thursday Scripture: Alma 19:1–36 Commentary:  Abish Brings Others to Witness God’s Power Additional Study KnoWhy:  Why Did Nephite Authors Use Repetitive Resumption? Evidence:  “And Behold” Commentary:  Lamoni Falls As If He Were Dead Commentary:  Alma 19:1-5 Commentary:  Alma 19:9-11 Commentary:  Alma 19:18-20 Commentary:  Alma 19:21-23 Commentary:  Alma 19:29-32 Friday Scripture: Alma 20:1–30 Commentary:  Lamoni’s Father Draws His Sword to Smite His Son Additional Study KnoWhy:  What Did it Mean to be “King Over All the Land”? Commentary:  Missionary Work among the Lamanites Continues Commentary:  Alma 20:4-7 Commentary:  Alma 20:8-12 Commentary:  Alma 20:13-16 Commentary:  Alma 20:17-20 Commentary:  Alma 20:26-27 Saturday Scripture: Alma 21:1–23 Commentary:  Alma 21:1-3 KnoWhy:  Why Did Mormon Include Flashbacks in His Narrative? Additional Study Evidence:  Previews and Summaries Commentary:  Alma 21:4-6 Commentary:  Alma 21:11-14 Commentary:  Alma 21:15-17 Commentary:  Alma 21:18-23 Sunday Scripture: Alma 22:1–35 Commentary:  Alma 22:12-14 Additional Study Commentary:  Lamoni’s Father Desires to Repent KnoWhy:  Why Did Mormon Give So Many Details About Geography? Commentary:  Alma 22:8-11 Commentary:  Alma 22:15-17 Commentary:  Alma 22:18 Commentary:  Alma 22:32 Evidence:  Traditions of Ocean Migrations Maps & Charts Life Spans of Mosiah's Lineage Flashbacks in the Book of Alma Nephite and Lamanite Kings The Nephite Judges Alma as High Priest: Years 9–19 of the Reign of the Judges Nephihah as Chief Judge: Years 9–24 of the Reign of the Judges Key Doctrinal Chapters: Mosiah–Alma Women in the Book of Mormon Missionary Work Legal Cases and Procedures in the Book of Mormon Nephite Cycles: Years 1–49 of the Reign of the Judges (90–40 B.C.) From Nephi to Zarahemla: The Missionary Journeys of Mosiah's Sons Plausible Locations in Mesoamerica for Book of Mormon Places Mesoamerica Archaeological Sites in Mesoamerica Metals in the Book of Mormon Whose Words Are Found in the Book of Mormon? Number of Pages in Books of the Book of Mormon Average Number of Pages Covering One Nephite Year Nephite Books Compared by Length and Years Covered Nephite Books Listed Chronologically Names Used for Christ by Major Book of Mormon Authors Names and Concepts Associated with Christ by Major Book of Mormon Authors Number of Names Used for Christ by Major Book of Mormon Authors Number of Names for Christ Used Exclusively by Individual Authors Ten Essential Features of Book of Mormon Geography Geographical Names Listed Alphabetically Geographical Names Listed by Scripture Reference Images Book of Mormon Videos Images, Alma 17–19 Arnold Friberg Ammon Defends the Flocks of King Lamoni Jorge Cocco Ammon: Defender of King Lamoni's Flocks Art Thou That Great Spirit Abish the Lamanite Scott M. Snow Ammon and King Lamoni Walter Rane Such Great Faith Oh Blessed Jesus Carol Dunford Jackman Abish and the Queen Krista Jones Abish Jody Livingston Ammon at the Waters of Sebus Lamoni's Servants Presenting the Arms to the King Katie Payne The Queen of the Land of Ishmael Clark Kelley Price Ammon Defends the Flocks of King Lamoni Bibliography & Additional Resource Included in Outline Summaries above BYU’s RSC Video: Summary of Lesson Resources for July 1-7 “Instruments in the Hands of God”: The Message of Alma 17–27 “With Power and Authority of God”: Principles of Missionary Success Books The Book of Mormon Made Easier Set, With Included Chronological Map (Gospel Study) The Annotated Book of Mormon Beholding the Tree of Life: A Rabbinic Approach to the Book of Mormon Gathered in One: How the Book of Mormon Counters Anti-Semitism in the New Testament Feasts and Festivals of the Messiah (Preparing for and Worshipping in the Latter-day Saint Temple: Understanding Symbolism, Promises, Learnings & Covenants) Passover Seder Script Days of Awe: Jewish Holy Days, Symbols and Prophecies for Latter-day Saints

CFM : July 8–14 Alma 23–29 Videos, Podcasts, & Weekly Lesson Material Media ​Lesson Extension Scripture Central Alma 23–29 Scripture Study Insights Insights with Taylor and Tyler: Revisited Scripture Insights Removing Obstructions Around Our Hearts (Alma 23-29) with Rabbi Joe Charnes Alma 29 - "An Instrument in the Hands of God: Igor and Vesna Gruppman" Follow Him Alma 23–29 Part 1 Part 2 Transcripts Line Upon Line Alma 23–29 ( not yet posted ) Teaching with Power Alma 23–29 ​ Teaching Bundle for Book of Mormon, available on Etsy. Don't Miss This Alma 23–29 Book of Mormon Matters with John W Welch and Lynne Hilton Wilson Alma 23–29 John W. Welch Notes ​Unshaken Alma 23–29 ​The Interpreter Foundation Alma 23–29 ​Commentary by John Claybaugh ​Teaching Helps with John Hilton Alma 23–29 The Book of Mormon, A Master Class 17-22: The Joy of Christ ​Scripture Gems Alma 23–29 Book of Mormon Map Come Follow Up Alma 23–29 The Scriptures Are Real Alma 23–29 Turning Weapons of War Into Weapons of Peace Latter Day Kids Alma 23–29 Sully the Seagull Scripture Explorers Alma 23–29 The People of Ammon Gospel for Kids Alma 23–29 Ammon The King of All the Lamanites ​Talking Scripture Alma 23–29 Show Notes Book of Mormon Minute, Brant A. Gardner Vol. 2 Volume 3: Alma Alma 23 Alma 2 4 Alma 2 5 Alma 2 6 Alma 2 7 Alma 2 8 Alma 29 Saving Talents: Devotionals & FHE for Children Alma 23–29 Grounded with Barbara Morgan Alma 23–29 Our Mothers Knew It Alma 23–29 Video   Hurricane Utah Adult Religion Class , Book of Mormon The Lamanite Mission of the Sons of Mosiah Video Notes Slides/Handout Resources and Insights for this Week's Lesson The Book of Mormon: A Cultural and Religious Dialogue I am currently working on my lesson for next week, which will include my commentary for this week's material as well, so look for that. Due to this week's time constraints, this week's material will be primarily limited to links and the chapter outlines. However, pay attention to the Trumpet and Jubilee  link in Alma 29, as it correlates with Yom Teruah, one of the Ancient Feast Days that we have previously discussed. In addition to the videos and podcasts listed above, the following may also be helpful for your studies this week. Interpreter Radio: The Book of Mormon in Context Lesson 28 Nibley Book of Mormon Lectures: Come, Follow Me Lesson 28 Audio Roundtable: Come, Follow Me Book of Mormon Lesson 26 (Alma 23-29) Labor Diligently to Write: The Ancient Making of a Modern Scripture — Chapter 14: Alma Chapters XIV-XV (23–29)  Scripture Roundtable: Book of Mormon Gospel Doctrine Lesson 26, “Converted unto the Lord” Overview Alma 23 Alma 23 details the missionary success of the sons of Mosiah among the Lamanites, focusing on the widespread conversion and the establishment of peace. This chapter emphasizes themes of repentance, transformation, and the unifying power of the gospel, highlighting the remarkable changes that occur when individuals and communities embrace the teachings of Christ. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Repentance and Transformation : The chapter highlights the profound changes that occur when individuals and communities embrace the gospel, showcasing the power of repentance and spiritual renewal. Promoting Religious Freedom and Tolerance : The proclamation of religious freedom underscores the importance of allowing individuals to worship according to their beliefs, fostering an environment of acceptance and peace. Commitment to Peace : The covenant of the Anti-Nephi-Lehies to renounce violence and live in peace exemplifies the transformative impact of the gospel and its message of reconciliation. Fostering Unity and Community : The chapter emphasizes the unifying power of the gospel, demonstrating how it can bring people together and create harmonious communities. Missionary Work: Consider the positive impact that Missionary work can have on both individuals and broader societies. From Nephi to Zarahemla: The Missionary Journeys of Mosiah's Sons Missionary Work Historical Context of Religious Freedom : Explore the significance of religious freedom in different historical contexts and its impact on communities. Symbolism of Name Changes in Scripture : Discuss the symbolism and significance of name changes in scripture and what they represent in terms of identity and commitment. Why Did Converted Lamanites Call Themselves Anti-Nephi-Lehies? The Power of Covenants : Reflect on the role of covenants in spiritual life and their impact on personal and communal transformation. Promoting Peace in Modern Society : Consider ways to promote peace and reconciliation in modern society, drawing parallels with the example of the Anti-Nephi-Lehies. Cultural Insights: The Ammonites Were Not Pacifists A Comparison of Nephite Law Lists Interpreting Interpreter: An Assyrian “Great Church” Literary and Linguistic Observations: Repeated Conjunctions Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Alma 23 Verses 1-5: Proclamation of Religious Freedom 1-3: After the successful missionary efforts of the sons of Mosiah, King Lamoni's father, who has also been converted, proclaims religious freedom throughout the land. This decree allows the sons of Mosiah to preach without fear of persecution. Establishment of Religious Freedom Royal Decree : King Lamoni’s father issues a decree granting religious freedom to the people, protecting the missionaries and converts. Peaceful Preaching : This proclamation ensures that the sons of Mosiah can preach the gospel freely and safely. 4-5: The decree also protects the people who have converted to the gospel, ensuring they can worship according to their beliefs without fear of retribution or persecution. Protection of Converts Freedom to Worship : Converts are given the liberty to worship as they choose, fostering an environment of religious tolerance and acceptance. End of Persecution : The decree marks the end of persecution for the new converts, allowing them to live their faith openly. Verses 6-13: Widespread Conversion Among the Lamanites Anti-Nephi-Lehi 6-8: The proclamation leads to a significant increase in conversions. Many Lamanites embrace the gospel, renouncing their former ways and committing to follow Christ. Mass Conversion Turning to Christ : A large number of Lamanites convert to Christianity, signifying a profound shift in their spiritual lives. Renunciation of Former Ways : The new converts forsake their old beliefs and practices, fully embracing the teachings of Christ. 9-11: The converted Lamanites take on a new name, calling themselves the Anti-Nephi-Lehies. This new identity signifies their commitment to their newfound faith and their desire to distinguish themselves from their former Lamanite identity. Adoption of a New Identity Anti-Nephi-Lehies : The converts adopt a new name to symbolize their transformation and their rejection of their former identity. Commitment to Faith : This new name reflects their deep commitment to their new beliefs and their unity as a community of believers. Why Did Converted Lamanites Call Themselves Anti-Nephi-Lehies? 12-13: The Anti-Nephi-Lehies make a covenant to never take up arms again, renouncing violence and committing to live in peace. This commitment to peace is a powerful testament to the transformative power of the gospel. Covenant of Peace Renunciation of Violence : The new converts vow to never engage in warfare again, demonstrating their profound change of heart. Commitment to Peace : This covenant underscores their dedication to living in harmony and exemplifies the gospel’s message of peace and reconciliation. Verses 14-18: The Impact of the Conversions 14-16: The conversion of the Anti-Nephi-Lehies has a significant impact on the surrounding Lamanite communities. Their example of faith and commitment influences many others, leading to further conversions and a ripple effect of spiritual transformation. Influence and Ripple Effect Example of Faith : The steadfast faith of the Anti-Nephi-Lehies serves as a powerful example to others, inspiring further conversions. Wider Impact : Their influence extends beyond their immediate community, contributing to a broader spiritual awakening among the Lamanites. 17-18: The chapter concludes by emphasizing the unity and peace that have come to the land as a result of the widespread acceptance of the gospel. The Anti-Nephi-Lehies and those influenced by them live in harmony, demonstrating the unifying power of the gospel. Unity and Peace Harmonious Living : The converts live in peace and unity, reflecting the gospel’s ability to bring people together. Unifying Power of the Gospel : The widespread conversions highlight the gospel’s power to transform individuals and communities, fostering an environment of mutual respect and harmony. Overview Alma 2 4 Alma 24 continues the narrative of the Anti-Nephi-Lehies, focusing on their steadfast commitment to peace despite increasing threats from their former Lamanite brethren. This chapter highlights themes of faith, non-violence, martyrdom, and the transformative power of the gospel. The Anti-Nephi-Lehies demonstrate profound spiritual courage as they face persecution and maintain their covenant of peace. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Faith and Non-Violence : The chapter emphasizes the profound faith required to adhere to a covenant of non-violence, even in the face of death. Martyrdom and Witness : The peaceful martyrdom of the Anti-Nephi-Lehies serves as a powerful witness to their faith and inspires repentance and conversion among their attackers. Transformative Power of the Gospel : The chapter highlights the gospel’s ability to transform individuals and communities, leading to profound spiritual renewal and unity. Compassion as the Heart of the Gospel Symbolic Acts of Faith : The act of burying weapons symbolizes a complete renunciation of violence and a deep trust in divine protection and guidance. Commitment to Peace : Encourages readers to commit to principles of peace and non-violence, trusting in divine protection and guidance. Faith in Adversity : Inspires readers to maintain their faith and adherence to covenants, even in challenging and threatening circumstances. Power of Witness : Highlights the impact that a powerful witness of faith can have on others, encouraging acts of faith that inspire and transform. Symbolic Acts of Commitment : Suggests that symbolic acts can reinforce and demonstrate deep spiritual commitments, serving as reminders of one’s faith and covenants. ’That They May Be Kept Bright Let Us Stain Our Swords No More Interpreting Interpreter: Stained Swords Historical Context of Martyrdom : Explore historical and modern examples of martyrdom and the impact of such sacrifices on faith communities. Symbolism in Religious Practices : Discuss the role of symbolic acts in religious practices and their significance in demonstrating and reinforcing faith commitments. Non-Violence in Religious Teachings : Reflect on the teachings of non-violence in various religious traditions and their application in modern contexts. Power of Collective Faith : Consider the impact of collective acts of faith and commitment on communities and the broader society. Cultural Insights: Wars in the Book of Mormon Were the Ammonites Pacifists?” Swords and ‘Cimeters’ in the Book of Mormon Literary and Linguistic Observations: Repeated Conjunctions Stained Swords: A Psalm of Redemption Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Alma 24 Verses 1-9: The Lamanites' Anger and the Anti-Nephi-Lehies' Resolve 1-3: The unconverted Lamanites, incited by the Amalekites and Amulonites, grow increasingly angry at the Anti-Nephi-Lehies. They prepare for war against their peaceful brethren. Rising Hostility Incitement to War : The Amalekites and Amulonites stir up the Lamanites' anger, leading to preparations for conflict. Target of Hostility : The Anti-Nephi-Lehies become the focus of the Lamanites' wrath due to their conversion and renunciation of violence. Allusions to Exodus 17 4-6: Ammon and his brethren, aware of the impending danger, seek divine guidance. They discuss the potential consequences with the king and the Anti-Nephi-Lehies, emphasizing the importance of adhering to their covenant. Seeking Divine Guidance Preparation for Conflict : Ammon and his companions understand the gravity of the situation and seek counsel. Commitment to Covenant : The Anti-Nephi-Lehies reaffirm their commitment to peace, despite the threat of violence. 7-9: The king of the Anti-Nephi-Lehies reminds his people of their covenant with God. He exhorts them to maintain their faith and avoid taking up arms, even in self-defense. Reaffirmation of Peace Spiritual Leadership : The king provides spiritual guidance, urging his people to trust in God's protection. Non-Violence Commitment : The Anti-Nephi-Lehies resolve to uphold their covenant of non-violence, demonstrating profound faith and courage. 10-12: To solidify their commitment, the Anti-Nephi-Lehies bury their weapons deep in the earth, symbolizing their renunciation of violence and their trust in divine protection. Symbolic Act of Faith Burying Weapons : The act of burying weapons serves as a powerful symbol of their unwavering commitment to peace. Expression of Faith : This symbolic gesture reflects their complete trust in God’s protection and their determination to adhere to their covenant. What is the Symbolism of the Stained Swords of the Anti-Nephi-Lehies? Why did the Ammonites Covenant Not to Take Up Arms? Stained Swords 13-16: The Anti-Nephi-Lehies offer prayers of thanksgiving and seek forgiveness for their past sins. They express gratitude for the gospel’s transformative power and their new lives as followers of Christ. Prayers and Gratitude Thanksgiving Prayers : The Anti-Nephi-Lehies express profound gratitude for their spiritual transformation. Seeking Forgiveness : Their prayers also seek forgiveness for past wrongs, underscoring their repentance and commitment to living righteous lives. Why Does God Sometimes Send Angels to Help People? Where Can You Best Learn about God’s Plan of Salvation? Verses 17-30: Martyrdom and the Power of Witness 17-18: The Lamanite armies attack, but the Anti-Nephi-Lehies refuse to fight. Many are slain, but their peaceful stance and willingness to die rather than break their covenant inspire many Lamanites. Martyrdom and Witness Peaceful Martyrdom : The Anti-Nephi-Lehies’ refusal to fight, even unto death, stands as a powerful testament to their faith. Inspiration Through Sacrifice : Their martyrdom profoundly impacts the attacking Lamanites, leading to a significant shift in perspective. 19-22: Witnessing the faith and sacrifice of the Anti-Nephi-Lehies, many Lamanite attackers are moved to repentance. They lay down their weapons and join the ranks of the Anti-Nephi-Lehies, embracing the gospel. Transformative Impact Repentance and Conversion : The attackers’ hearts are softened, leading to their conversion and the laying down of their arms. Expansion of Faith : The number of Anti-Nephi-Lehies grows as more Lamanites convert, moved by the powerful witness of their brethren’s faith and sacrifice. 23-30: The chapter concludes with a reflection on the profound faith of the Anti-Nephi-Lehies. Their unwavering commitment to peace, even in the face of death, results in a significant number of conversions and a lasting impact on the Lamanite nation. Lasting Legacy Enduring Faith : The Anti-Nephi-Lehies’ faith and commitment to peace leave a lasting legacy. Impact on the Lamanites : The significant number of conversions among the Lamanites highlights the transformative power of the gospel and the enduring impact of the Anti-Nephi-Lehies’ example. Overview Alma 2 5 Alma 25 continues the narrative of the Lamanite and Nephite interactions, focusing on the repercussions of the Anti-Nephi-Lehies' conversion and the resultant conflicts. This chapter highlights themes of divine justice, the consequences of unrepentant behavior, and the spread of the gospel among the Lamanites, leading to significant conversions and the strengthening of the Church. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Divine Justice and Prophecy : The fulfillment of the prophecy concerning Ammonihah's destruction underscores the theme of divine justice and the consequences of wickedness. Peaceful Witness and Conversion : The steadfast non-violence and faith of the Anti-Nephi-Lehies continue to inspire conversions, demonstrating the power of peaceful witness. Missionary Efforts and Church Growth : The ongoing success of the missionaries and the growth of the Church among the Lamanites highlight the effectiveness of persistent missionary efforts. Faith Amid Adversity : The chapter emphasizes the importance of maintaining faith and commitment to the gospel despite facing significant challenges and opposition. Historical Context of Prophecy Fulfillment : Explore other instances in religious texts where prophecies have been fulfilled and their significance. Peaceful Resistance in Religious Traditions : Discuss the role of peaceful resistance in various religious traditions and its effectiveness in promoting change. Literary and Linguistic Observations: Mormon as Editor Mormon as Editor: A Study in Colophons, Headers, and Source Indicators Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Alma 25 Verses 1-5: Lamanite Retaliation and Internal Conflict Wars in the Book of Mormon 1-3: Angered by the growing number of Lamanite conversions to the Anti-Nephi-Lehies, the remaining unconverted Lamanites seek revenge. They direct their anger towards the Nephites, particularly targeting the city of Ammonihah. Rising Tensions and Retaliation Anger and Vengeance : Unconverted Lamanites react violently to the conversions of their brethren. Targeting Nephites : Their anger is redirected towards the Nephites, leading to further conflict. 4-5: The Lamanites destroy the city of Ammonihah, fulfilling the earlier prophecies about its destruction due to its wickedness. However, they also suffer significant losses. Fulfillment of Prophecy Destruction of Ammonihah : The prophecy concerning the city's destruction is realized. Divine Justice : The Lamanites' violent actions lead to their own losses, illustrating the consequences of unrepentant behavior. Internal Prophecies Verses 6-12: Lamanite Conversions and Anti-Nephi-Lehies’ Resolve 6-8: The Lamanites continue to pursue the Anti-Nephi-Lehies. However, the steadfastness and peaceful resistance of the Anti-Nephi-Lehies result in further conversions among the attacking Lamanites. Continued Conversions Peaceful Witness : The unwavering faith and non-violence of the Anti-Nephi-Lehies continue to inspire conversions. Spread of the Gospel : The example set by the Anti-Nephi-Lehies leads more Lamanites to embrace the gospel. 9-10: Some Lamanites who were converted by the Anti-Nephi-Lehies and survived the attacks flee to the land of Melek, where they are welcomed by the Nephites. Refuge and Acceptance Seeking Safety : Converted Lamanites seek refuge among the Nephites. Nephite Hospitality : The Nephites in Melek welcome and protect the converted Lamanites. 11-12: The remaining unconverted Lamanites continue to wage war against the Nephites, but they are ultimately defeated. Many of them, recognizing the futility of their actions, begin to question their beliefs and are open to the teachings of the gospel. Defeat and Reflection Military Defeat : The unconverted Lamanites face defeat in their conflicts with the Nephites. Spiritual Reflection : The losses lead some Lamanites to reconsider their beliefs and become more receptive to the gospel. Verses 13-17: Strengthening of the Church and Continued Faith 13-14: The sons of Mosiah and the other missionaries continue their efforts among the Lamanites, experiencing great success in their preaching. The Church grows stronger as more Lamanites convert. Missionary Success Ongoing Efforts : The missionaries persist in their work, leading to significant numbers of conversions. Church Growth : The increasing number of converts strengthens the Church among the Lamanites. 15-17: The narrative concludes with a reflection on the Anti-Nephi-Lehies' unwavering faith and their joy in having embraced the gospel. Their example serves as a powerful testament to the transformative power of the gospel and the importance of maintaining faith despite adversity. Enduring Faith and Joy Unwavering Commitment : The Anti-Nephi-Lehies' faith remains strong despite ongoing challenges. Transformative Power of the Gospel : Their joy and peace highlight the profound impact of the gospel on their lives. Overview Alma 2 6 Alma 26 is a chapter of reflection and rejoicing, where Ammon, one of the sons of Mosiah, expresses profound gratitude and joy for the success of their missionary efforts among the Lamanites. This chapter is a powerful testament to the transformative power of the gospel, the importance of missionary work, and the joy that comes from serving God and witnessing the conversion of others. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Gratitude and Praise : The chapter is filled with expressions of gratitude and praise for God’s power and mercy. Transformative Power of the Gospel : Ammon’s reflections highlight the miraculous changes brought about by the gospel. Humility and Acknowledgment of Divine Strength : Ammon’s humility and acknowledgment of God’s strength emphasize the importance of relying on divine power. Joy in Missionary Work : The joy and blessings of serving God and witnessing conversions are central themes. Joy in Service : Encourages finding joy in serving others and witnessing their spiritual growth. Expressions of Gratitude in Religious Texts : Explore how gratitude and praise are expressed in various religious traditions. Literary and Linguistic Observations: The Israelite Roots of Atonement Terminology Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Alma 26 Alma 26 Intertextuality Verses 1-9: Ammon’s Rejoicing and Gratitude Why Did Ammon Borrow So Much from Tradition in Alma 26? 1-3: Ammon begins by expressing his joy and gratitude for the success of their missionary work. He invites his brethren to join him in praising God for the many blessings and miracles they have witnessed. Invitation to Rejoice Collective Rejoicing : Ammon calls his fellow missionaries to join in celebrating the success of their mission. Acknowledgment of Divine Help : He attributes their success to God’s power and guidance. 4-6: Ammon reflects on the conversion of many Lamanites, who have been brought to the knowledge of the truth and have embraced the gospel. He emphasizes the significance of these conversions and the joy they bring. Reflecting on Conversions Impact of Missionary Work : Ammon highlights the profound impact of their efforts, leading to numerous conversions. Joy of Conversion : The conversion of the Lamanites brings immense joy to Ammon and his brethren. 7-9: Ammon describes the joy that comes from seeing their brethren united in faith and the profound change that has occurred in the lives of the converted Lamanites. He praises God, recounting His "Song of Redeeming Love" which describes the mercy and miraculous changes they witnessed. Praise for Divine Mercy Unity in Faith : The unity and faith of the converted Lamanites are a source of great joy. Miraculous Transformation : Ammon marvels at the miraculous transformation brought about by the gospel. Songs of Moses and Ammon Verses 10-16: Ammon’s Humility and Acknowledgment of God’s Power 10-11: Aaron, one of Ammon’s brothers, cautions him against boasting. Ammon responds by clarifying that his joy and exultation are in the Lord, not in his own abilities. Clarification of Joy Caution Against Boasting : Aaron reminds Ammon to remain humble. Joy in the Lord : Ammon emphasizes that his rejoicing is in the Lord’s power and goodness. 12-14: Ammon expresses his gratitude for God’s strength, which enabled them to accomplish their missionary work. He acknowledges that they are weak and imperfect but were made strong through God’s power. Acknowledgment of Divine Strength Strength in Weakness : Ammon acknowledges their human weaknesses and the divine strength that made their success possible. Gratitude for God’s Help : He expresses profound gratitude for God’s guidance and support. 15-16: Ammon continues to praise God, expressing his overwhelming joy for the mercy and love shown to them and the Lamanites. He speaks of the eternal blessings and salvation that come from embracing the gospel. Praise for Eternal Blessings Overwhelming Joy : Ammon’s joy is deep and heartfelt, rooted in the eternal blessings of the gospel. Mercy and Salvation : He praises God for the mercy and salvation granted to them and the Lamanites. Verses 17-30: The Challenges and Triumphs of Missionary Work 17-20: Ammon recounts their initial challenges and fears as they embarked on their mission. He reflects on the power of God that sustained them and led them to success despite these difficulties. Reflecting on Challenges Initial Fears : Ammon recalls the fears and challenges they faced at the beginning of their mission. Divine Sustenance : He emphasizes the sustaining power of God that brought them through these challenges. Do Not Deny the Atonement’s Power -Elder Scott 21-24: Ammon describes the miraculous conversion of the Lamanites, who were once hardened and hostile. He praises God for softening their hearts and bringing them to the truth. Miraculous Conversions Hardened Hearts Softened : The miraculous change in the Lamanites’ hearts is a testament to God’s power. Praise for Transformation : Ammon praises God for the incredible transformation of the Lamanites. 25-27: Ammon reflects on the persecution and trials they faced during their mission. Despite these hardships, they were filled with joy and strength through their faith in God. Endurance Through Trials Persecution and Trials : Ammon acknowledges the difficulties and persecution they faced. Strength and Joy in Faith : Their faith in God provided them with the strength and joy to endure. 28-30: Ammon concludes by emphasizing the importance of faith, patience, and perseverance in missionary work. He testifies of the joy and blessings that come from serving God and witnessing the conversion of others. Faith and Perseverance Importance of Faith : Ammon highlights the crucial role of faith in their missionary success. Joy in Service : The joy and blessings of serving God and witnessing conversions are profound. Overview Alma 2 7 Alma 27 focuses on the relocation of the Anti-Nephi-Lehies to the land of Jershon, provided by the Nephites, to ensure their safety from ongoing Lamanite aggression. This chapter highlights themes of divine guidance, the importance of seeking counsel, unity among believers, and the compassionate support of fellow saints. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Divine Guidance and Counsel : The chapter emphasizes the importance of seeking and following divine guidance in times of uncertainty. Unity and Compassion : The collaboration between the Nephites and the Anti-Nephi-Lehies highlights the power of unity and compassion in creating a peaceful and supportive community. Faith and Trust : The willingness of the Anti-Nephi-Lehies to trust in divine instructions and the Nephites’ compassion and support demonstrate the strength of faith and trust in God's plan. Non-Violence and Support : The commitment of the Anti-Nephi-Lehies to non-violence and their willingness to support the Nephites in other ways exemplify the principles of peaceful resistance and mutual aid. Commitment to Peace : Encourages the practice of non-violence and finding alternative ways to support and protect others. Historical Examples of Refuge and Support : Explore historical instances where communities provided refuge and support to persecuted groups and the outcomes of such actions. Faith in Times of Transition : Consider the role of faith and trust in navigating significant life changes and transitions. Cultural and Geographical Insights Military Exemption Twelve Journeys between the Cities of Nephi and Zarahemla Book of Mormon Objective Geographic Standard No. 2: Relationships of City Bountiful, Mulek Literary and Linguistic Observations: ’They Were Moved with Compassion’ (Alma 27:4; 53:13): Toponymic Wordplay on Zarahemla and Jershon Why Was Jershon Called a Land of Inheritance? A Nickname and a Slam Dunk: Notes on the Book of Mormon Names Zeezrom and Jershon Notes and Communications: The Hebrew Origin of Some Book of Mormon Place Names The Hebrew Origin of Three Book of Mormon Place-Names Nephite insights into Israelite Worship Practices before the Babylonian Captivity Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Alma 27 Verses 1-7: Seeking Divine Guidance 1-2: The Anti-Nephi-Lehies face increased hostility and aggression from the unconverted Lamanites. Concerned for their safety, Ammon seeks divine guidance. Rising Threats and Seeking Guidance Increased Aggression : The unconverted Lamanites intensify their attacks on the Anti-Nephi-Lehies. Seeking Divine Counsel : Ammon, recognizing the danger, seeks guidance from the Lord on how to protect his people. 3-5: The voice of the Lord instructs Ammon to lead the Anti-Nephi-Lehies to the land of Zarahemla, where the Nephites will receive and protect them. Divine Instruction Divine Counsel : The Lord provides clear instructions to Ammon, emphasizing the importance of seeking and following divine guidance. Plan for Safety : The plan to relocate to Zarahemla offers a solution to the imminent threat. Archaic Vocabulary 6-7: Ammon shares the divine instructions with the Anti-Nephi-Lehies, who express their willingness to follow the guidance and trust in the protection of the Nephites. Willingness to Follow Communicating the Plan : Ammon communicates the divine plan to his people. Trust and Obedience : The Anti-Nephi-Lehies demonstrate their faith and trust by agreeing to follow the Lord's instructions. Verses 8-14: Seeking Permission from the Nephites 8-9: Ammon and his brothers travel to Zarahemla to seek permission from the Nephite leaders for the Anti-Nephi-Lehies to settle in their land. Seeking Support Travel to Zarahemla : Ammon and his companions make the journey to request assistance. Request for Refuge : They seek permission for the Anti-Nephi-Lehies to settle in Nephite territory for safety. 10-11: Alma the Younger and the Nephite leaders receive Ammon and his brothers with joy. They are moved by the plight of the Anti-Nephi-Lehies and agree to provide them with a land of inheritance. Compassionate Reception Joyful Reception : Alma and the Nephite leaders welcome Ammon and his companions warmly. Decision to Help : Moved by compassion, the Nephite leaders decide to offer help and support. 12-14: The Nephites designate the land of Jershon for the Anti-Nephi-Lehies. They promise to provide protection and support, allowing the new converts to live in peace and safety. Providing a Safe Haven Land of Jershon : The Nephites allocate the land of Jershon for the Anti-Nephi-Lehies. Commitment to Protection : The Nephites pledge to protect and support the new settlers, ensuring their safety. Verses 15-18: The Relocation of the Anti-Nephi-Lehies 15-17: Ammon and his brothers return to the Anti-Nephi-Lehies with the news. The people rejoice and prepare to relocate, leaving behind their land and possessions. Preparation and Departure News of Safety : Ammon delivers the good news to the Anti-Nephi-Lehies. Joyful Departure : The people prepare to leave their homes, trusting in the Lord's plan for their safety. Do Not Deny the Atonement’s Power -Elder Scott 18: The Anti-Nephi-Lehies travel to the land of Jershon, where they are received with open arms by the Nephites. This act of unity and compassion strengthens the bond between the two groups. Arrival in Jershon Journey to Safety : The Anti-Nephi-Lehies undertake the journey to their new home. Warm Reception : The Nephites welcome them warmly, demonstrating unity and compassion. Verses 19-30: Peace and Unity in Jershon 19-20: The Anti-Nephi-Lehies settle in Jershon, dedicating themselves to living the gospel and working alongside the Nephites. They find peace and stability in their new home. Settling in Peace New Beginning : The Anti-Nephi-Lehies begin their new lives in Jershon. Living the Gospel : They continue to live faithfully, contributing to the community. 21-23: The Nephites establish a defense system to protect Jershon from Lamanite attacks. The Anti-Nephi-Lehies, committed to their covenant of peace, do not take up arms but support the Nephites through other means. Mutual Support and Protection Defensive Measures : The Nephites take proactive steps to protect the land of Jershon. Supporting Roles : The Anti-Nephi-Lehies honor their covenant by providing support in non-violent ways. Why Was Jershon Called a Land of Inheritance? 24-26: The Nephites’ compassion and the Anti-Nephi-Lehies’ faith and dedication strengthen the unity between the two groups. Their collaboration fosters a peaceful and prosperous community. Strengthening Unity Unified Community : The mutual support and collaboration enhance unity. Peace and Prosperity : The community thrives in an atmosphere of peace and cooperation. Why were the People of Ammon Exempted from Military Duty? 27-30: The chapter concludes with a reflection on the power of faith, unity, and divine guidance. The successful relocation of the Anti-Nephi-Lehies and the peaceful coexistence with the Nephites underscore the blessings that come from following divine counsel and working together in unity. Reflection and Gratitude Faith and Unity : The chapter highlights the importance of faith, unity, and compassion in overcoming challenges. Divine Blessings : The successful outcome is attributed to divine guidance and the collective efforts of the faithful. Why Is David Whitmer’s Witness of the Book of Mormon So Compelling? Overview Alma 28 Alma 28 details the aftermath of a significant battle between the Nephites and the Lamanites, describing the immense sorrow and mourning for those lost in the conflict. The chapter contrasts the grief of the wicked with the peace and hope of the righteous, underscoring the eternal perspective provided by the gospel. This chapter emphasizes themes of the consequences of war, the stark contrast between the righteous and the wicked, and the ultimate victory of righteousness and peace through Christ. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Consequences of War : The chapter vividly depicts the devastating consequences of war, including the profound grief and loss experienced by the community. Contrast Between Righteous and Wicked : The stark contrast between the despair of the wicked and the hope of the righteous is emphasized, highlighting the different perspectives on life and death. Eternal Perspective and Hope : The chapter underscores the importance of an eternal perspective and the hope provided by the gospel, offering comfort and peace in times of sorrow. Finding Hope in Christ : Highlights the importance of faith in Christ and the eternal perspective provided by the gospel in finding peace and hope amidst sorrow. Contrasting Perspectives on Life and Death : Encourages readers to reflect on the contrasting perspectives on life and death between the righteous and the wicked, and the importance of having an eternal perspective. Faith and Mourning in Religious Traditions : Discuss how different religious traditions find hope and comfort in faith during times of mourning. Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Alma 28 Flashbacks in the Book of Alma Verses 1-3: The Great Battle 1-2: The Nephites engage in a fierce battle with the Lamanites, resulting in heavy casualties on both sides. The battle is described as the largest and most destructive in their history up to that point. Intense Conflict and Loss Fierce Battle : The conflict is marked by its intensity and the significant loss of life. Historical Impact : This battle is noted as the most destructive, highlighting its severity. 3: Many Lamanites are slain, and those who survive retreat to their own lands. The Nephites suffer heavy losses but manage to defend their territory. Aftermath of the Battle Lamanite Retreat : The surviving Lamanites retreat, marking a temporary end to the conflict. Nephite Defense : Despite their losses, the Nephites successfully defend their land. Verses 4-6: Mourning and Sorrow 4-5: The land is filled with mourning and sorrow as the Nephites grieve for their fallen loved ones. The chapter vividly describes the profound grief and mourning that follow the battle. Universal Mourning Widespread Grief : The intense sorrow of the people is palpable as they mourn the many lives lost. Expressions of Grief : The Nephites are depicted as deeply mourning their loved ones, highlighting the human cost of the conflict. 6: The mourning is particularly deep among those who lost family members. The chapter emphasizes the personal and communal impact of the war. Personal and Communal Impact Family Losses : The grief is most intense among those who have lost family members, illustrating the personal toll of the battle. Communal Mourning : The entire community shares in the sorrow, reflecting the collective impact of the conflict. Why Did Fasting and Prayer Accompany Nephite Mourning? Verses 7-11: Contrast Between the Righteous and the Wicked 7: The chapter contrasts the grief of the wicked, who have no hope beyond this life, with the mourning of the righteous, who are comforted by their faith in Christ and the hope of resurrection and eternal life. Hope and Despair Despair of the Wicked : Those who are wicked experience despair and hopelessness in their mourning. Hope of the Righteous : The righteous find comfort and hope in their faith, even amidst their grief. 8-10: The righteous, though they mourn, have a deep sense of peace and assurance in the promises of Christ. This hope offers solace and a broader perspective on life and death. Peace and Assurance Faith and Hope : The faith of the righteous provides them with a sense of peace and hope, even in the face of loss. Eternal Perspective : The promises of Christ give the righteous an eternal perspective, easing their sorrow. 11: The chapter concludes by reflecting on the ultimate victory of the righteous through Christ. Despite the temporary sorrow and loss, the eternal promises of the gospel offer lasting peace and joy. Victory Through Christ Eternal Promises : The chapter emphasizes the eternal promises of the gospel, offering lasting peace and joy. Ultimate Victory : The ultimate victory of the righteous through Christ is highlighted, providing hope and assurance. Verses 12-14: Reflection and Contrast 12: The chapter reflects on the differing responses to the battle. While the Lamanites who were converted to the gospel mourned their fallen brethren with hope and faith, the unconverted Lamanites faced their losses with despair. Contrast in Mourning Converted Lamanites : Those who embraced the gospel mourned with a sense of peace, finding solace in their faith and the promises of eternal life. Unconverted Lamanites : Without the hope provided by the gospel, the unconverted Lamanites experienced profound despair and hopelessness. If We Are Well Prepared, Death Brings No Terror 13: The verse emphasizes the stark difference in outcomes for those who follow Christ versus those who reject Him. The text underlines the eternal joy and peace promised to the faithful compared to the eternal sorrow awaiting the unrepentant. Eternal Outcomes Followers of Christ : The faithful are assured of eternal joy and peace, grounded in their belief in the resurrection and the afterlife. Rejecters of Christ : Those who reject the gospel are reminded of the eternal sorrow and separation from God that awaits them. 14: The chapter concludes by stating that the death of many wicked Lamanites who perished in battle serves as a solemn reminder of the consequences of rejecting God. Meanwhile, the Nephite church is strengthened by the trials, drawing the righteous closer to God and solidifying their faith. Strengthening of the Church Solemn Reminder : The fate of the wicked serves as a reminder of the importance of repentance and acceptance of the gospel. Strengthening Through Trials : The trials faced by the Nephites, including the battle and its aftermath, strengthen the church and deepen the faith of the righteous. Overview Alma 29 Alma 29 is a reflective chapter in which Alma the Younger expresses his deep desire to proclaim the gospel to all people. It is a heartfelt meditation on missionary work, the joy of conversion, and the recognition of God's mercy and justice. Alma acknowledges his own limitations while expressing gratitude for the success of the missionary efforts among the Lamanites. The chapter highlights themes of divine mercy, the joy of sharing the gospel, and the acceptance of God's will. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Desire to Share the Gospel : Alma’s yearning to preach to all people highlights the importance of missionary work and the sincere desire to bring others to Christ. Recognition of God’s Wisdom : The chapter emphasizes the need to align personal desires with God’s will, trusting in His wisdom and timing. The Small Voice Joy in Conversion : The joy and satisfaction that come from witnessing conversions and the success of missionary efforts are central themes. Unity and Love Among Missionaries : Alma’s reflections show a deep sense of unity and shared joy among those engaged in missionary work. Compassion as the Heart of the Gospel Passion and Motivation for Missionary Work : Encourages readers to cultivate a passion for sharing the gospel and helping others come to Christ. Alignment with God’s Will : Highlights the importance of seeking and aligning personal desires with God’s will and wisdom. Finding Joy and Fulfillment in Service : Inspires readers to find joy and fulfillment in serving others and witnessing their spiritual growth. Now If This Is Boasting, Even So Will I Boast! Building Unity in Ministry : Consider strategies for fostering unity, love, and mutual support among those involved in ministry and missionary work. Linguistic and Literary Observations: Too Little or Too Much Like the Bible? A Novel Critique of the Book of Mormon Involving David and the Psalms The Speeches of Alma Was Chiasmus Known to Ancient American Writers? ’He Did Go About Secretly’: Additional Thoughts on the Literary Use of Alma’s Name Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Alma 29 Verses 1-6: Alma’s Desire to Proclaim the Gospel Trumpet and Jubilee (Yom Teruah, one of the Ancient Feast Days that we have previously discussed) 1-2: Alma begins by expressing his profound desire to be an angel so that he might cry repentance to every people and nation. He wishes he could speak with the voice of thunder, declaring the gospel to all. Yearning to Proclaim the Gospel Desire to Be an Angel : Alma wishes for the ability to reach every soul with the message of repentance. Voice of Thunder : The imagery of speaking with a powerful voice signifies his intense passion for missionary work. Why Did Alma Wish to Speak “with the Trump of God”? 3-4: Alma reflects on the futility of his wish, recognizing that such desires are unwise if they are not aligned with God’s will. He acknowledges that God grants to individuals according to their desires and deeds. Acknowledging God’s Will Futility of Wish : Alma realizes that his wish to be an angel may not align with God’s plan. Divine Wisdom : He acknowledges that God’s wisdom surpasses human desires, granting blessings according to righteousness. Why Was Alma’s Wish Sinful? 5-6: Alma contemplates the justice and mercy of God, who allows each person to choose good or evil. He expresses contentment with the role God has given him, recognizing that his desire stems from a pure intent to bring others to Christ. Acceptance and Contentment Justice and Mercy : Alma reflects on the balance of God’s justice and mercy. Pure Intent : He recognizes that his desire to preach is motivated by a sincere wish to help others find salvation. Verses 7-13: Joy in Missionary Success 7-8: Alma shifts his focus to the joy and gratitude he feels for the success of the missionary efforts among the Lamanites. He rejoices in the knowledge that many souls have been brought to repentance. Rejoicing in Conversion Missionary Success : Alma finds great joy in the successful conversion of the Lamanites. Joy in Repentance : The conversion of souls brings immense satisfaction and happiness. 9-10: Alma expresses that while he cannot fulfill his wish to preach to all nations, he finds immense joy in the missionary successes he has witnessed. He feels grateful for the opportunity to serve and share the gospel. Gratitude for Opportunities Fulfillment in Service : Alma finds fulfillment in the opportunities he has had to serve as a missionary. Joy in Witnessing Conversion : The success of the missionary efforts brings him profound joy. Proclaiming the Gospel Brings Joy - Elder Scott 11-13: Alma acknowledges the efforts of his brethren, the sons of Mosiah, and their success in converting many Lamanites. He praises God for His mercy and the outpouring of the Spirit that has led to these conversions. Praise for God’s Mercy Recognition of Efforts : Alma recognizes and honors the missionary work of the sons of Mosiah. Divine Mercy and Spirit : He attributes the success to God’s mercy and the power of the Holy Spirit. Verses 14-17: Reflecting on God’s Work and Will 14-15: Alma rejoices in the success of his brethren and the great blessings that have come from their missionary work. He finds joy in their success as if it were his own, showing his deep love and unity with them. Shared Joy and Unity Rejoicing in Others’ Success : Alma’s joy is complete in seeing the success of his brethren. Unity and Love : His reflections show a deep sense of unity and brotherly love. 16-17: Alma concludes by expressing his trust in God’s wisdom and timing. He recognizes that all things are done according to God’s will and expresses gratitude for the blessings received. Trust in God’s Wisdom Divine Timing : Alma trusts in God’s timing and wisdom in all things. Gratitude for Blessings : He expresses gratitude for the many blessings and successes in their missionary endeavors. Church Videos & Resources Alma-Helaman Talks and References This Month in Come Follow Me Alma 8-15 Scripture Central Study Guide Video Commentary Listed above in podcast section Know Whys Listed above in relation to section. Evidences Listed above in relation to section. Written Commentary John W. Welch Notes - Come Follow Me Book of Mormon Minute by Brant A Gardner Reading Plan Structure your personal scripture study by following a 15-minute, day-by-day plan. Each day's assignment includes the required scripture passages from the Come, Follow Me curriculum, as well as suggestions for additional resources to bring context and understanding to your study. For the best experience, use our  Reading Plan in the free ScripturePlus app ! You can track your progress and have access to the best resources. Monday Scripture: Alma 17:1–17 Commentary:  Introduction Commentary:  We Can Search the Scriptures to Gain the Spirit of Prophecy and Revelation Additional Study Commentary:  Mormon Abridges and Inserts Flashback Narratives Commentary:  The Lord’s Blessing on the Sons of Mosiah Commentary:  Alma 17:9-10 Commentary:  Alma 17:11-13 Commentary:  Alma 17:14-17 KnoWhy:  What Does the Book of Mormon Teach about the Priesthood Evidence:  Flashbacks (Alma 17–27) Tuesday Scripture: Alma 17:18–39 Commentary:  Alma 17:21-24 Additional Study KnoWhy:  Why Did the Servants Present Lamoni with the Arms of His Enemies? Commentary:  Ammon is Captured and Brought before the King Commentary:  Ammon Offers to Be a Servant Commentary:  Alma 17:25-28 Commentary:  Alma 17:36-39 Evidence:  Attestation of Sebus Evidence:  Slings Evidence:  Ammon and Moses Wednesday Scripture: Alma 18:1–43 Commentary:  Ammon Teaches Lamoni and His Servants Additional Study KnoWhy:  What is the Nature and Use of Chariots in the Book of Mormon? Commentary:  Ammon Desires Lamoni to Listen to His Words Commentary:  Alma 18:1-2 Commentary:  Alma 18:3-7 Commentary:  Alma 18:8-9 Commentary:  Alma 18:15-17 Commentary:  Alma 18:26-31 Evidence:  Great Spirit Thursday Scripture: Alma 19:1–36 Commentary:  Abish Brings Others to Witness God’s Power Additional Study KnoWhy:  Why Did Nephite Authors Use Repetitive Resumption? Evidence:  “And Behold” Commentary:  Lamoni Falls As If He Were Dead Commentary:  Alma 19:1-5 Commentary:  Alma 19:9-11 Commentary:  Alma 19:18-20 Commentary:  Alma 19:21-23 Commentary:  Alma 19:29-32 Friday Scripture: Alma 20:1–30 Commentary:  Lamoni’s Father Draws His Sword to Smite His Son Additional Study KnoWhy:  What Did it Mean to be “King Over All the Land”? Commentary:  Missionary Work among the Lamanites Continues Commentary:  Alma 20:4-7 Commentary:  Alma 20:8-12 Commentary:  Alma 20:13-16 Commentary:  Alma 20:17-20 Commentary:  Alma 20:26-27 Saturday Scripture: Alma 21:1–23 Commentary:  Alma 21:1-3 KnoWhy:  Why Did Mormon Include Flashbacks in His Narrative? Additional Study Evidence:  Previews and Summaries Commentary:  Alma 21:4-6 Commentary:  Alma 21:11-14 Commentary:  Alma 21:15-17 Commentary:  Alma 21:18-23 Sunday Scripture: Alma 22:1–35 Commentary:  Alma 22:12-14 Additional Study Commentary:  Lamoni’s Father Desires to Repent KnoWhy:  Why Did Mormon Give So Many Details About Geography? Commentary:  Alma 22:8-11 Commentary:  Alma 22:15-17 Commentary:  Alma 22:18 Commentary:  Alma 22:32 Evidence:  Traditions of Ocean Migrations Maps & Charts Life Spans of Mosiah's Lineage Flashbacks in the Book of Alma Nephite and Lamanite Kings The Nephite Judges Alma as High Priest: Years 9–19 of the Reign of the Judges Nephihah as Chief Judge: Years 9–24 of the Reign of the Judges Key Doctrinal Chapters: Mosiah–Alma Women in the Book of Mormon Missionary Work Legal Cases and Procedures in the Book of Mormon Nephite Cycles: Years 1–49 of the Reign of the Judges (90–40 B.C.) From Nephi to Zarahemla: The Missionary Journeys of Mosiah's Sons Plausible Locations in Mesoamerica for Book of Mormon Places Mesoamerica Archaeological Sites in Mesoamerica Metals in the Book of Mormon Whose Words Are Found in the Book of Mormon? Number of Pages in Books of the Book of Mormon Average Number of Pages Covering One Nephite Year Nephite Books Compared by Length and Years Covered Nephite Books Listed Chronologically Names Used for Christ by Major Book of Mormon Authors Names and Concepts Associated with Christ by Major Book of Mormon Authors Number of Names Used for Christ by Major Book of Mormon Authors Number of Names for Christ Used Exclusively by Individual Authors Ten Essential Features of Book of Mormon Geography Geographical Names Listed Alphabetically Geographical Names Listed by Scripture Reference Images Book of Mormon Videos Images, Alma 17–19 Arnold Friberg Ammon Defends the Flocks of King Lamoni Jorge Cocco Ammon: Defender of King Lamoni's Flocks Art Thou That Great Spirit Abish the Lamanite Scott M. Snow Ammon and King Lamoni Walter Rane Such Great Faith Oh Blessed Jesus Carol Dunford Jackman Abish and the Queen Krista Jones Abish Jody Livingston Ammon at the Waters of Sebus Lamoni's Servants Presenting the Arms to the King Katie Payne The Queen of the Land of Ishmael Clark Kelley Price Ammon Defends the Flocks of King Lamoni Bibliography & Additional Resource Included in Outline Summaries above BYU’s RSC The Book of Alma as a Prototype for Teaching the Word of God Church Discipline in the Book of Mosiah Books The Book of Mormon Made Easier Set, With Included Chronological Map (Gospel Study) The Annotated Book of Mormon Beholding the Tree of Life: A Rabbinic Approach to the Book of Mormon Gathered in One: How the Book of Mormon Counters Anti-Semitism in the New Testament Feasts and Festivals of the Messiah (Preparing for and Worshipping in the Latter-day Saint Temple: Understanding Symbolism, Promises, Learnings & Covenants) Passover Seder Script Days of Awe: Jewish Holy Days, Symbols and Prophecies for Latter-day Saints

CFM : May 20–26 Mosiah 18–24 Videos, Podcasts, & Weekly Lesson Material Media ​Lesson Extension Scripture Central Mosiah 1 8-24 Scripture Study Insights Insights with Taylor and Tyler: Revisited Scripture Insights In the Book: By Very Small and Simple Things Follow Him Mosiah 18–24 Part 1 Part 2 Transcripts Line Upon Line Mosiah 18–24 Alma's Exodus Teaching with Power Mosiah 18–24 ​ Teaching Bundle for Book of Mormon, available on Etsy. Don't Miss This Mosiah 18–24 Book of Mormon Matters with John W Welch and Lynne Hilton Wilson Mosiah 18–24 John W. Welch Notes ​Unshaken Mosiah 18–24 The Waters of Mormon ​The Interpreter Foundation Mosiah 18–24 ​Commentary by John Claybaugh ​Teaching Helps with John Hilton Mosiah 18–24 The Book of Mormon, A Master Class No Other Way ​Scripture Gems Mosiah 18–24 Book of Mormon Map Come Follow Up Mosiah 18–24 The Scriptures Are Real Mosiah 18–24 ( not yet published ) Latter Day Kids Mosiah 18–24 He Will Deliver You Scripture Explorers Mosiah 18–24 Alma and Limhi Gospel for Kids Alma Believed Abinadi Alma Baptizes Many People Abinadi and King Noah ​Talking Scripture Mosiah 18–24 Show Notes Book of Mormon Minute, Brant A. Gardner Vol. 2 Saving Talents: Devotionals & FHE for Children Mosiah 18–24 ​Hurricane Utah Adult Religion Class , Book of Mormon Ammon's Expidition: Limhi & Alma's Escape to Zarahemla Video Notes Slides Resources and Insights for this Week's Lesson The Book of Mormon: A Cultural and Religious Dialogue In last week's lesson, we explored a little bit about the significance of names in Hebraic culture, where one's name often encapsulates the essence or mission of a particular individual. We looked at Alma's name, and how the Arabic root for alma عَلِمَ   means "to know, have knowledge, be cognizant and aware. It can also mean "to teach, instruct, educate, and train." We looked at the Latin etymology, where the word is translated as anima- or animus , which is where we get the word animate, denoting the concept of being able to relate and express the innermost part of something, which can also be interpreted as the "soul, conscience, intellect, "breath of life," spirit, motive, reason, etc." We countered that description with King Noah's name (נֹחַ Noach in Hebrew), which means 'rest' or 'comfort.' We observed that while some individuals embody the positive attributes that their names suggest, others, like King Noah, starkly contradict them or demonstrate negative associations with their names. In such cases, their actions may reflect a profound misuse of agency, highlighting their failure to fulfill their divine potential and mission. This discrepancy between name and action underscores personal choices and the profound importance of agency within cultural and theological perspectives. This week's lesson highlights a few additional figures whose names also reflect significant insights. Gideon Hebrew Connection : The name " Gideon " (גדעון) in Hebrew means "hewer" or "one who cuts down, from the root gadah ." This name is famously associated with the biblical judge Gideon, who courageously delivered Israel from the Midianites by following God's unconventional strategies. Linguistic and Character Significance : In the Book of Mormon, Gideon’s name reflects his character and mission. Gideon is portrayed as a strong and valiant warrior who opposes the wicked King Noah. His attempts to overthrow Noah and his role in leading Limhi’s people to freedom align with the meaning of his name as someone who cuts down or overthrows oppression. Gideon's courage and leadership qualities are deeply embedded in the essence of his name, making him a pivotal figure in the Nephite narrative. Here are a few ways in which Gideon courageously magnified his name and mission: Demonstrated Insightful Planning and Execution : Gideon is best remembered for his strategic plan to help the people of Limhi escape from Lamanite dominion. He proposed that the Nephites offer the Lamanite guards wine to get them drunk, allowing the Nephites to slip away unnoticed back to the land of Zarahemla (Mosiah 22). Under Gideon's guidance, this plan was successfully executed, leading to the safe and uneventful escape of the Nephites, avoiding bloodshed and potential retaliation. Exemplified willing Cooperation with Ammon and others : Gideon's leadership extended to working with Ammon, a strong and faithful Nephite sent to find the colony of Zeniff, which included Limhi and his people. Ammon provided hope by revealing that the Nephites in Zarahemla had not forgotten them and played a role in their escape plan. Gideon's willingness to cooperate with Ammon was essential in the successful return to Zarahemla. Modeled one who Confronts Injustice but is Willing to Listen, Change his Mind, and Show Compassion : Prior to his assistance to Limhi, Gideon confronted King Noah about his wickedness and led an attempt to put him to death. However, when he realized that his actions might weaken his people under the threat of a Lamanite invasion, he demonstrated compassion and restraint. This encounter exemplifies Gideon's commitment to righteousness and justice, as he stood firmly against Noah’s tyranny and immorality. Yet, he also maintained a focus on the welfare of his people, highlighting his ability to balance justice with mercy. (Mosiah 18-19). Leadership and Faith : Gideon’s actions exemplify effective leadership, courage, and thoughtful strategy, leading to the deliverance and freedom of his people. He was not just a military leader but a visionary who saw opportunities for peace and took them, ensuring the safety and future of his people. His coordination with Ammon and others underscores the importance of unity, faith, and inspired action in overcoming obstacles. Martyrdom and Legacy : Gideon's life ended tragically at the hands of Nehor, who introduced priestcraft among the Nephites. Gideon, defending the truth and proper order of the church, was killed by Nehor, marking a poignant moment in Nephite history (Alma 1:8-9). This encounter underscores the conflicts that can sometimes arise from defending truth and righteousness. Gideon's legacy as a defender of the Nephite people and their freedoms was honored by naming a city after him, reflecting the lasting impact of his service and sacrifice. Historical Impact : Gideon's story highlights themes of prophecy, the consequences of wicked leadership, the transformative power of conviction and courage, and living up to the best aspects of one's name and potential. His leadership, strategic planning, and ultimate sacrifice serve as timeless lessons in the importance of righteous leadership and the impact one individual can have in guiding a people through trials and deliverance. Helam Hebrew Connection : The name "Helam" does not have a direct Biblical counterpart but can be linked to the root " ḥlm " (חָלַם), which means "to dream." This root is used to describe the profound visionary experiences of figures like Jacob and Joseph. Additionally, it connects to the story of Gideon in Judges 7, where he recognized divine instruction through a dream. In this story, Gideon, who was greatly outnumbered, used a strategy that was inspired by the dream to out maneuver the Midianite army. Following some rather unconventional instructions from the Lord, Gideon placed a group of 300 soldiers in various locations and instructed them to sound their trumpets. The Midianites, believing they were surrounded by a vast Israelite army, fell into a state of panic and confusion, which caused them to flee. This creative strategy granted Gideon and his small army a surprising and miraculous victory. This narrative underscores the power of God and His ability to help us achieve success according to His purpose as we diligently follow His divine guidance, demonstrating that with faith and obedience, even the most insurmountable obstacles can be overcome. The Biblical story of Gideon reflects many parallels to the strategic escape of Limhi and his people, who, with the help of the Lord, were aided by Ammon, Alma, and, of course, Gideon. Linguistic and Character Significance : Helam is one of the first converts baptized by Alma the Elder at the Waters of Mormon. His name could symbolize the strength and new vision (or dream) of a faithful covenant community being established. Helam’s character embodies faith and dedication, traits necessary for the foundational members of Alma’s newly formed church. The strength and vision implied by his name are reflected in his commitment to the fledgling Nephite church. Note the similarities between Helam and Helaman. If one were to look at these names in Hebrew , note that Helaman חֵילָמָן has the same core root structure as Helam חלם, (spelled Chet-Lamed-Mem) the letter Nun is simply added as a suffix to the end of the name Helam The mem also changes to from its final form ם to the form it takes within a word מ . In this context, the final nun -ן likely indicates a possession or association, such as the people or posterity of Helam. While we can not definitively say for certain, this might indicate a potential familial connection between Helam and Helaman. One might consider the long-term relationship between Alma and his first convert baptism. Perhaps these families continued to be lifelong friends, interacting with one another as they built their homes and families in Zarahemla. This relationship might have made an impression on Alma the Younger, who named his son Helaman after their close family friend. Perhaps Alma the Younger may have even married one of Helam's daughters, passing down the beloved family name of his father-in-law, which was a common practice in Jewish tradition. ( Mothers and Rituals of Child-Naming in Ancient Israel ). In addition to the nun suffix, the letter י yod is also inserted between the first two consonants (note Hebrew is read right to left, instead of left to right), and we will come back to the yod addition shortly. Let us first expand upon the letter nun and its symbolic significance in Hebraic history and tradition. In Hebrew, the letter Nun (נ) is symbolically associated with the concept of a seed or sprout, symbolizing potential, growth, and posterity. This symbolism is vividly illustrated in the Book of Mormon as well as Hebraic and archaeological sources. In an early form of the Hebraic script, the letter Nun was literally a picture of a seed, as seen below. In Alma 32, Alma the Younger provides a profound analogy of faith likened to a seed. Alma's description aligns with the Hebraic understanding of Nun, as he explains how planting a seed of faith and nurturing it with diligence and patience can lead to spiritual growth and enlightenment. In the Saving Talents Devotional this week, there is a beautiful analogy that is shared, sourcing a proverb that says, "You can count the seeds in an apple, but you can't count the apples that come from one seed." This proverb holds special significance when one considers Alma the Elder, the only person who believed Abendadi's witness. In our lesson this week, we see that this single seed produced a bountiful and powerful harvest. Alma the Younger teaches that if we plant the seed of faith in our hearts and provide it with the necessary care—through study, prayer, and obedience—it will begin to swell, sprout, and eventually bring forth fruit (Alma 32:28-43). This process mirrors the potential encapsulated in the letter Nun, where a seemingly small and insignificant seed contains the capacity for immense growth and future prosperity. Just as Nun symbolizes latent potential and the hidden forces that drive development, Alma's analogy emphasizes the importance of nurturing faith to unlock its full potential. By drawing this parallel, Alma's teachings enhance our understanding of the Hebraic concept, illustrating how faith, like a seed, requires continuous effort and trust in the unseen to achieve spiritual fruition. This connection not only underscores the profound wisdom embedded in both the Hebrew language and the teachings of the Book of Mormon, but it is also reflected in the name that Alma the Younger ascribes to his son Helaman. Let us now return to the addition of the Yod between the Chet and the Lamed, which offers us some interesting perspectives and insights. The addition of the yod links חָלַם to the Hebrew root word "חֵיל" ( cheil ), which means "strength," "army," "force," "virtue," and "valor." This connection is particularly fitting given Helaman’s role as a heroic military leader in the Book of Mormon, where he leads the 2,000 stripling warriors with great strength and faith; in many ways, one can observe strong correlations between this story and those we are studying this week with Gideon and Helam. The suffix “ -am ” (עם) in Hebrew translates to "people" or "nation." Combining this suffix with the root "cheil," Helaman can be interpreted as "strength of the people" or "leader of the people," which aligns with his significant role in Nephite society. Thus one can observe that Helaman’s name embodies the essence of a covenantal leader who is strong, visionary, and dedicated to the welfare of his people. In examining these names, one might consider the meaning of the names we identify ourselves with. Are these names significant or arbitrary? Do we know the history of our names? Were we named after someone, and were there particular attributes about the person or persons whom we were named after that might have inspired our parents to give us the name(s) they did? Can we trace the etymology of our names, and if so, can we observe hints of Hebraic roots within them? A fun exercise might be to plug in one's name into Chat GPT and ask for a summary of the etymology of our names. We did this at our house and learned some interesting and entertaining details. This might offer a good starting point for a more thorough and serious investigation. Might our names provide us with valuable perspectives regarding our divine mission and potential? How are we living up to that divine potential, are we using our agency wisely, reflecting the positive aspects of our names? When we take upon ourselves the name of Christ through entering into a covenantal relationship with him, does that alter or enhance our divine mission and potential? These can all be interesting questions to ponder and study. Overview Mosiah 18 Mosiah 18 recounts the pivotal events surrounding Alma the Elder, who, inspired by the teachings and martyrdom of Abinadi, begins to preach the gospel clandestinely among the people. This chapter details the establishment of the church of Christ in the land of Mormon, where Alma leads a significant group of believers in repentance, and the covenant of baptism. The chapter highlights themes of faith, repentance, conversion, community building, the importance of righteous leadership, and the power and strength that can come from keeping our baptismal covenants. Mosiah 18 is a transformative chapter that marks the establishment of the church in the land of Mormon under Alma's leadership. The narrative of persecution and deliverance parallels ancient Israelite experiences, reinforcing the Book of Mormon’s Hebraic roots and its messages of divine guidance and protection. This chapter provides timeless lessons, encouraging modern readers to live their covenants and support each other along their spiritual journey. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Faith and Repentance : The chapter emphasizes the importance of sincere repentance and faith in Jesus Christ as the foundation of the church. Community and Covenant : The establishment of the church at the Waters of Mormon highlights the importance of baptism and the significance of covenants, highlighting the value of community in living those covenants in accordance with gospel principles of love and service. Book of Mormon Covenant Language Persecution and Deliverance : The believers’ persecution and subsequent deliverance underscore the recurring theme of divine protection and guidance. Geography, Archeology and Cultural Observations: Journeys Indicating Distances Further Details in the Land of Nephi On Being a Tool Linguistic and Literary Observations: ’This Son Shall Comfort Us’: An Onomastic Tale of Two Noahs ’Most Desirable Above All Things’: Onomastic Play on Mary and Mormon in the Book of Mormon Commitment to Covenants : This chapter encourages modern readers to reflect on their own baptismal covenants and the importance of maintaining a strong, faithful community. Why Did the Nephites Practice Baptism? At Baptism, What Do We Covenant to Do? Understanding Christian Baptism through the Book of Mormon Baptism of Alma's People at the Waters of Mormon Resilience in Faith : It inspires believers to remain steadfast in their faith despite challenges and opposition. Alma — Young Man, Hidden Prophet Leadership and Service : It highlights the vital role of righteous leadership and the importance of serving and supporting one another within the church. Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Mosiah 18 Verses 1-6: Alma Preaches in Secret 1-2 : Alma, having repented of his sins and been converted by Abinadi's message, begins to preach in private, teaching the words of Abinadi. Secret Preaching : Due to the threat posed by King Noah, Alma must teach secretly, demonstrating the risks faced by early believers. Spreading the Message : Alma’s commitment to spreading Abinadi's teachings showcases the powerful influence of prophetic testimony. 3-6 : Alma’s teachings attract a group of believers who seek to follow the gospel of Jesus Christ. Gathering of Believers : A community begins to form around Alma, indicating the magnetic power of truth and the human desire for spiritual guidance. Risk and Faith : The willingness of these individuals to meet secretly highlights their faith and the danger they faced from King Noah’s regime. Verses 7-13: Establishment of the Church at the Waters of Mormon 7-10 : Alma leads his followers to a place called the Waters of Mormon, where they make a covenant to serve God and be baptized. Waters of Mormon : This location becomes a sacred site for the new believers, symbolizing purification and renewal. Baptismal Covenant : Alma emphasizes the importance of entering into a covenant with God through baptism, a fundamental Christian ordinance. 11-13 : Alma baptizes 204 souls, and the Spirit of the Lord is poured out upon them. Mass Baptism : The large number of baptisms signifies the rapid growth and the strong faith of the early church. Spiritual Renewal : The outpouring of the Spirit reinforces the transformative power of this sacred ordinance. Why Did the Nephites Practice Baptism? At Baptism, What Do We Covenant to Do? ’Stretch Forth Thy Hand and Prophesy’: Hand Gestures in the Book of Mormon Miqvaot: Ritual Immersion Baths in Second Temple (Intertestamental) Jewish History I Have a Question: How much do we know about baptism before Christ’s time?” Verses 14-23: Organization of the Church 14-17 : Alma ordains priests to teach and lead the people, establishing a structured church organization. Church Leadership : The ordination of priests ensures that the teachings of Christ are maintained and disseminated properly. Community Building : This organizational step is crucial for the sustainability and growth of the church community. 18-23 : Alma instructs the priests on their duties, emphasizing the importance of teaching repentance, faith in Jesus Christ, and adherence to the commandments. Priestly Duties : The focus on teaching and pastoral care underscores the church leaders' role in guiding the community's spiritual development. Unity and Service : Alma encourages unity among the members and the importance of bearing one another’s burdens. Verses 24-35: Persecution and Flight 24-27 : As the church grows, its members begin to face persecution from King Noah and his followers. Increased Persecution : The growth of the church poses a threat to the corrupt regime, leading to increased hostility and danger for the believers. Divine Protection through the observation of the Sabbath Day: Courage and Faith : The members' willingness to face persecution for their beliefs highlights their steadfast faith and courage. 28-30 : Alma and his followers are warned of the impending danger and flee into the wilderness to escape King Noah’s forces. Divine Guidance : The warning and subsequent escape demonstrate God’s protection over His faithful servants. Exodus and Survival : This flight into the wilderness parallels the biblical exodus, symbolizing deliverance from oppression. 31-35 : Alma and his people find safety and continue to live the gospel in the wilderness, establishing a new community. Establishment of a New Community : Despite their hardships, the believers remain committed to living their faith, creating a resilient and faithful community. Sustained Faithfulness : Their devotion's continuity in the face of adversity exemplifies the enduring power of true faith. Why is the Sabbath Day Needed? Pr ogression Overview Mosiah 19 Mosiah 19 shifts the narrative back to the plight of King Noah and his people following Abinadi’s martyrdom. This chapter details the internal strife among Noah's people, the rise of Gideon as an oppositional force to King Noah, the eventual downfall and death of King Noah, and the leadership transition to his son, Limhi. The themes of this chapter include betrayal, justice, leadership change, and the consequences of wickedness. Mosiah 19 captures a dramatic turning point in Nephite history, marked by the fall of King Noah and the rise of his son, Limhi. Through the examples of Noah, Gideon, and Limhi, readers are reminded of the critical roles that integrity, justice, and diplomacy play in the governance and survival of a community. The narrative underscores themes of justice, the consequences of wickedness, and the importance of righteous leadership, providing timeless lessons on the impact of leadership choices and the enduring struggle between righteousness and corruption. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Consequences of Wicked Leadership : King Noah's downfall illustrates the inevitable consequences of corrupt and selfish leadership. Justice and Retribution : The execution of King Noah by fire symbolizes justice and retribution for his actions, especially against Abinadi. Leadership Transition : The chapter highlights the transition of leadership from Noah to Limhi, marking a shift from tyranny to a more diplomatic and cautious rule. Survival Through Diplomacy : Limhi’s negotiations with the Lamanites demonstrate the importance of diplomacy and pragmatism in leadership. Integrity in Leadership : This section emphasizes the importance of integrity and selflessness in leadership roles, contrasting the outcomes of Noah and Limhi. Justice and Accountability : This section highlights the necessity of holding leaders accountable for their actions and the importance of justice in maintaining societal order. Diplomacy and Pragmatism : This section encourages modern readers to value diplomacy and pragmatic solutions in the face of conflict and adversity. Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Mosiah 19 Verses 1-8: Gideon’s Rebellion Against King Noah 1-3 : Dissension grows among the people as they suffer under King Noah’s oppressive rule. Gideon, a strong man and an opponent of King Noah, seeks to overthrow him. Internal Strife : Reflects the consequences of corrupt leadership as internal conflict and dissatisfaction grow among the people. Rise of Gideon : Introduces Gideon as a key figure who challenges the unjust rule of King Noah, symbolizing the desire for righteous leadership. 4-8 : Gideon and Noah engage in a fierce confrontation, but their battle is interrupted by a Lamanite invasion. King Noah uses this distraction to escape. Interruption by Invasion : The impending Lamanite threat disrupts the internal conflict, redirecting the focus to the external danger. Noah’s Cowardice : Highlights Noah’s self-preservation at the expense of his people, which contrasts sharply with Gideon’s bravery. Verses 9-15: The Flight and Death of King Noah 9-10 : King Noah and his priests flee from the Lamanites, abandoning their people. The priests convince the people to follow them. Betrayal and Abandonment : These verses showcase the ultimate betrayal by Noah and his priests, leaving their people defenseless against the Lamanites. 11-15 : The people, realizing they have been abandoned, turn against King Noah. They capture him and execute him by fire. Execution of King Noah : The execution by fire serves as poetic justice, mirroring Abinadi’s martyrdom. Justice Served : The people’s act of executing Noah signifies the reclaiming of justice and a rejection of corrupt leadership. Dramatic Irony Verses 16-24: Limhi’s Leadership and Negotiations with the Lamanites 16-20 : Limhi, Noah’s son, is made king. He seeks to pacify the Lamanites and negotiate terms to avoid further destruction. Rise of Limhi : Marks a transition to more cautious and diplomatic leadership under Limhi, who inherits a kingdom in turmoil. Diplomacy Over Conflict : Limhi’s approach contrasts with his father’s, emphasizing negotiation and survival. 21-24 : Limhi successfully negotiates a tribute with the Lamanites, who agree to spare the people in exchange for regular tributes. Tribute Agreement : Establishes a temporary peace but underscores the subjugation of Limhi’s people under Lamanite rule. Avoidance of Immediate Destruction : Limhi’s successful negotiation averts immediate danger, reflecting pragmatic leadership. Why is a “Ceremony” Mentioned After King Noah is Executed? The Nephite Purification Ceremony Overview Mosiah 20 Mosiah 20 narrates the events following the transition of leadership to Limhi, focusing on the conflicts between the Nephites and the Lamanites. This chapter details the kidnapping of Lamanite daughters by some of King Noah’s priests, the subsequent Lamanite attack on Limhi’s people, and the resolution that follows when Limhi seeks to negotiate peace. Themes in this chapter include conflict resolution, the consequences of past sins, and the importance of understanding and diplomacy. It provides valuable lessons on leadership and the power of communication in maintaining peace. Through the experiences of Limhi and his people, modern readers are reminded of the importance of facing challenges with courage, seeking peaceful resolutions, and understanding the far-reaching effects of leadership decisions. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Consequences of Wicked Leadership : The kidnapping by Noah’s priests underscores the lasting impact of King Noah’s corrupt reign. Conflict and Resolution : The chapter emphasizes the importance of seeking peaceful resolutions through understanding and diplomacy. Courage and Unity : The Nephites' defense against the Lamanite attack illustrates their unity and courage in the face of danger. Legacy of Leadership : Encourages reflection on how leadership decisions have long-term consequences for communities. Importance of Diplomacy : Highlights the value of resolving conflicts through dialogue, understanding, and negotiation. Courage in Adversity : Inspires individuals to unite and face challenges with resilience and determination. Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Mosiah 20 Verses 1-5: Kidnapping of the Lamanite Daughters 1-3 : Some of King Noah’s priests, who had fled into the wilderness, kidnap twenty-four Lamanite daughters while they are dancing. Consequences of Sin : The actions of Noah’s priests highlight the lingering consequences of his corrupt leadership. Innocent Victims : The kidnapped daughters represent the innocent victims caught in the crossfire of larger conflicts. 4-5 : The Lamanites discover the kidnapping and suspect the people of Limhi. They prepare to attack the Nephites in retaliation. Misplaced Blame : The Nephites are wrongly blamed for the actions of Noah’s priests, illustrating how past sins continue to affect the present. Escalation of Conflict : The incident escalates tensions between the Nephites and the Lamanites, setting the stage for further conflict. The Abduction of Dancing Maidens Dancing Maidens and the Fifteenth of Av Marriage and Treaty in the Book of Mormon: The Case of the Abducted Lamanite Daughters The Stealing of the Daughters of the Lamanites Women in the Book of Mormon Verses 6-11: The Lamanite Attack and Nephite Defense 6-7 : The Lamanites launch an attack on Limhi’s people, and the Nephites prepare to defend themselves. Immediate Threat : The Nephites face an immediate existential threat due to the misdeeds of the priests. Preparation for Defense : Limhi’s people prepare for battle, showing their resilience and readiness to defend their community. 8-11 : Though initially outnumbered, the Nephites manage to hold their ground and fight valiantly against the Lamanites. Courage in Adversity : The Nephites display courage and determination in the face of a larger and more powerful enemy. Unexpected Strength : The successful defense against the Lamanites showcases the Nephites’ ability to unite and defend their homeland despite internal challenges. Verses 12-18: Discovery and Negotiation 12-15 : The Lamanite king realizes the Nephites are not responsible for the kidnapping and seeks a peaceful resolution. Gideon advises Limhi to seek peace and explain the situation to the Lamanite king. Diplomacy and Understanding : The Lamanite king’s willingness to listen and Gideon's wise counsel emphasizes the importance of diplomacy in resolving conflicts. Clarification of Guilt : Limhi’s clarification of the priests’ actions helps to de-escalate the conflict. 16-18 : Limhi explains the situation to the Lamanite king, who recognizes the truth and agrees to peace, allowing the Nephites to avoid further bloodshed. Resolution of Conflict : The peaceful resolution highlights the effectiveness of honest communication and understanding in conflict resolution. Avoidance of War : The agreement to peace prevents unnecessary violence and bloodshed, benefiting both parties. 19-21 : Limhi clarifies that his people are not responsible for the kidnapping, and the real culprits are King Noah’s priests. Theological Insight : Demonstrates the principle of seeking truth and justice. 22-24 : Peace is negotiated between the Nephites and the Lamanites, preventing further bloodshed. Cultural Context : The significance of diplomacy and understanding in maintaining peace is highlighted. Why did the Lamanites Break Their Treaty with King Limhi? Patrick Henry, Gideon, and the Book of Mormon Overview Mosiah 21 Mosiah 21 continues the narrative of Limhi and his people, detailing their suffering under Lamanite oppression, their multiple failed attempts to escape, and their eventual repentance and cry to the Lord for deliverance. The chapter underscores themes of humility, repentance, the consequences of sin, and divine deliverance. It sets the stage for the eventual unification of Limhi’s people with the Nephites in Zarahemla. The experiences of Limhi’s people serve as an assurance that deliverance will come to those who faithfully endure. Mosiah 21 provides valuable lessons on the importance of faith, repentance, and the hope of eventual relief and redemption, encouraging modern readers to trust in God’s timing and seek His guidance in their own lives. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Suffering and Oppression : The chapter highlights the severe oppression faced by Limhi’s people and their resulting suffering. Repentance and Humility : The passages emphasize the importance of turning to the Lord in times of distress and the necessity of genuine repentance and humility. Divine Deliverance : Ammon's arrival symbolizes God’s answer to their prayers and the promise of deliverance through faith and repentance. Faith in Adversity : These passages can encourage readers to maintain faith and seek divine help in times of trial and suffering. Power of Repentance : They highlight the transformative power of repentance and the importance of humility before God. Hope and Deliverance : This message inspires hope by illustrating that deliverance often comes after periods of trial and that God hears and responds to sincere prayers. Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Mosiah 21 Verses 1-7: Increased Lamanite Oppression Oppression and Suffering : Highlights the severe conditions faced by Limhi’s people under Lamanite rule, emphasizing the burden of their subjugation. Broken Promises : The Lamanites' continued oppression despite the peace treaty reflects the fragile nature of such agreements under corrupt leadership. 4-7 : Limhi’s people endure hardships, including heavy labor and harsh treatment, leading to widespread despair and lamentation. Desperation and Sorrow : The people’s lamentations signify their deep despair and the harsh reality of their situation. Consequences of Past Actions : Their suffering is portrayed as a consequence of the sins of their forefathers, particularly the wickedness of King Noah and his priests. Armor Verses 8-12: Failed Attempts to Escape 8-10 : Limhi’s people make multiple attempts to escape their Lamanite oppressors, each ending in failure and further suffering. Desperation to Escape : The repeated escape attempts highlight their desperation to find freedom and relief from oppression. Increased Suffering : Each failed attempt results in harsher treatment, illustrating the high cost of their pursuit of freedom. 11-12 : Realizing the futility of their efforts, the people of Limhi cease their attempts to flee and submit to Lamanite rule. Resignation and Submission : The people’s submission reflects their recognition of their own powerlessness and the need for a different approach to achieve deliverance. How Can We Stop the Cycle of Revenge? Verses 13-16: Repentance and Turning to the Lord 13-14 : In their affliction, the people of Limhi turn to the Lord, crying out for deliverance and repenting of their sins. Turn to Faith : Their decision to cry to the Lord represents a significant turning point, highlighting the power of faith and repentance in times of distress. Recognition of Sin : The acknowledgment of their sins underscores the theme of repentance and the importance of humility before God. 15-16 : The Lord hears their cries but allows them to suffer a little longer to fully humble them and bring them to a deeper level of repentance. Divine Patience : God’s decision to delay immediate deliverance teaches a lesson in patience and the necessity of a complete spiritual transformation. Humbling Process : The extended period of suffering serves to fully humble the people, preparing them for eventual deliverance. Exodus and Limhi’s People Verses 17-36: Ammon’s Arrival and Deliverance 17-20 : Ammon and his brethren, sent by King Mosiah to find the lost Nephites, arrive and are initially mistaken for Lamanite spies. Misunderstanding : The initial suspicion and fear highlight the strained and desperate state of Limhi’s people. Recognition and Relief : The eventual recognition of Ammon brings hope and the prospect of deliverance. 21-26 : Ammon explains their mission, and Limhi recounts their history and suffering. Plans are made to escape and return to Zarahemla. Reunion and Planning : The meeting between Ammon and Limhi sets the stage for the escape plan and the eventual unification with the Nephites in Zarahemla. Hope for Deliverance : The arrival of Ammon symbolizes the beginning of deliverance for Limhi’s people, fulfilling their cries for help. 27-28 : Limhi realizes Ammon is a Nephite and rejoices, recalling Zeniff’s account of the Nephite lands. Theological Insight : The joy of reunion and the hope brought by recognizing shared faith and heritage. Ammon explains Mosiah's gift of Interpretation, and relates that he can translate Zeniff's account. 29-30 : Limhi recounts their afflictions to Ammon, who then teaches them about faith and deliverance. Biblical Cross-Reference : Encouragement akin to Moses reassuring the Israelites (Exodus 6:6-8). 31-32 : Limhi and his people express a desire to be baptized, indicating their spiritual renewal. 33-34 : Ammon declines to baptize them, feeling unworthy, but they prepare to escape to Zarahemla. Theological Insight : The role of priesthood authority and humility in spiritual ordinances. 35-36 : The people of Limhi, guided by Ammon and strengthened by faith, make plans for their escape, trusting in God’s deliverance. Which Nephite King Had the Gift of Interpretation? Flashback Sequences (Mosiah 9–24) The Book of Mormon Plates King Benjamin or Mosiah: A Look at Mosiah 21:28 Benjamin or Mosiah? Resolving an Anomaly in Mosiah 21:28 Overview Mosiah 22 Mosiah 22 details the plan and successful execution of the escape of Limhi’s people from Lamanite bondage, facilitated by Gideon’s strategic planning and the providence of God. This chapter highlights themes of liberation, divine guidance, and the importance of righteous leadership in achieving freedom and safety for a community. The remarkable escape from Lamanite oppression underscores these themes, providing timeless lessons on the value of freedom, strategic planning, and reliance on God. The successful journey to Zarahemla and integration with Mosiah’s people marks a significant moment of deliverance and fulfillment of divine promises, encouraging modern readers to seek wise leadership and divine guidance in their own lives. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Liberation from Bondage : The chapter focuses on the theme of liberation, highlighting the yearning for and achievement of freedom from oppression. D eliverance from Bondage Righteous Leadership : The successful escape underscores the importance of righteous and wise leadership in guiding a community to safety. Divine Providence : The narrative emphasizes the role of divine guidance and protection in achieving deliverance. Cultural Observations: The Divine Council in the Hebrew Bible and the Book of Mormon Value of Freedom : Encourages readers to cherish and strive for physical and spiritual freedom. Importance of Leadership : This section highlights the significance of having wise, strategic, and righteous leaders in times of crisis. Reliance on Divine Guidance : This passage inspires faith in divine guidance and the importance of seeking God’s help in overcoming challenges. Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Mosiah 22 Verses 1-6: Planning the Escape 1-2 : Limhi and his people, oppressed by heavy Lamanite tribute, seek a way to escape their bondage. Gideon proposes a plan to deliver them from their captors. Desire for Freedom : This section reflects the natural human desire for liberty and the willingness to seek divine help in achieving it. Strategic Planning : Gideon's role showcases the importance of wise and strategic planning in overcoming difficult circumstances. 3-6 : Gideon’s plan involves causing the Lamanite guards to become intoxicated, allowing the Nephites to flee during the night. The people agree to follow this plan. Cunning and Strategy : Demonstrates the effectiveness of using strategy and cunning to achieve goals when brute force is not an option. Unity and Trust : The community’s unanimous agreement to follow Gideon’s plan highlights their unity and trust in righteous leadership. Why Did King Limhi Think Gideon’s Escape Plan Would Work? Verses 7-12: Execution of the Plan 7-9 : The Nephites give the Lamanite guards strong wine, causing them to become drunk and incapacitated. The people then gather their flocks and possessions in preparation for their escape. Resourcefulness and Determination : The use of wine to incapacitate the guards shows resourcefulness and determination to secure freedom. Preparation and Prudence : The careful preparation for their journey illustrates the importance of being thorough and prudent in executing plans. 10-11 : While the Lamanite guards are drunk and asleep, Limhi’s people quietly leave the city. Narrative Development : The successful implementation of the plan, highlights the importance of timing and precision. 12-13 : The people of Limhi travel through the night and into the wilderness, heading towards Zarahemla. Biblical Cross-Reference : Similar to the Israelites’ escape from Egypt, these sections emphasize themes of deliverance and divine guidance (Exodus 12:29-42). 14-15 : After several days of travel, they meet Ammon and his brethren, who guide them safely to Zarahemla. Theological Insight : These passages demonstrate the role of divine providence and the fulfillment of God’s promises in guiding His people to safety. 16 : The people of Limhi are warmly received by Mosiah and the people of Zarahemla, rejoicing in their deliverance. Cultural Context : The significance of hospitality and integration in ancient societies. Overview Mosiah 23 Mosiah 23 shifts the focus to Alma the Elder and his followers, who have fled from King Noah’s oppression and established a new community in the wilderness. This chapter details their settlement in the land of Helam, the establishment of a righteous government, and the blessings of prosperity and peace they enjoy under Alma’s leadership. It underscores themes of righteous leadership, the blessings of obedience, and the importance of community and cooperation, while also foreshadowing impending challenges. The narrative reminds the people to remain humble and reliant on God. Mosiah 23 provides timeless lessons on the value of living according to gospel principles, supporting one another, and preparing for adversity, encouraging modern readers to apply these principles in their own lives. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Righteous Leadership : The chapter emphasizes the importance of having a righteous and spiritually guided leader. Priesthood in Mosiah Authority in the Book of Mosiah Blessings of Obedience : Highlights how living in accordance with gospel principles brings prosperity and peace. Community Building : These passages highlight the Nephites' efforts to establish a new, just, and equal society based on faith and hard work. Warnings Against Complacency : Alma stresses admonitions to remain humble and vigilant even in times of prosperity. Dependence on God : He highlights the need to trust in God and remain faithful despite impending challenges. Value of Righteous Leadership : This chapter encourages the importance of seeking and supporting righteous leaders in various aspects of life. Linguistic observations: Another Testament of Jesus Christ: Mormon’s Poetics Geography and Cultural Insights: From Nephi to Zarahemla: Alma's Escape Some Aspects of Nephite Kingship The Possibility of Janus Parallelism in the Book of Mormon Blessings of Obedience : These sections inspire individuals to live according to gospel principles to receive God’s blessings. Community and Cooperation : They highlight the benefits of working together and supporting one another within communities. Vigilance in Prosperity : They remind readers to remain humble and faithful, avoiding complacency during times of success. Preparation for Adversity : They encourage spiritual and physical preparedness for challenges that may arise. Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Mosiah 23 Verses 1-5: Establishment in the Land of Helam 1-2 : Having escaped from King Noah, Alma and his followers find a beautiful and fertile land where they decide to settle. They name it the land of Helam. Seeking Refuge : These messages reflect the journey of faithful believers seeking refuge from persecution. New Beginnings : The decision to settle and cultivate the land signifies a fresh start for Alma and his people. 3-5 : Alma, recognized for his wisdom and righteousness, is chosen as the leader of the people. They work together to build a community based on gospel principles. Righteous Leadership : Alma’s selection as a leader underscores the importance of having a spiritually guided and righteous leader. Community Building : These sections highlight the collective effort to establish a new society grounded in faith and hard work. Verses 6-15: Righteous Leadership and Prosperity 6-7 : Alma organizes the church and appoints priests and teachers among the people. Theological Insight : Demonstrates the importance of spiritual organization and leadership in maintaining faith and order. 8-9 : The people of Helam prosper under Alma’s guidance, experiencing peace and prosperity. Biblical Cross-Reference : Similarities to the peaceful reign of righteous leaders in the Old Testament, such as King Josiah. 10-11 : Alma teaches the people to be industrious, humble, and obedient to God. Theological Insight : These verses highlight principles of righteous living and their impact on community well-being. 12-15 : Alma refuses to be called king, emphasizing that only God should be their ruler. Cultural Context : The dangers of kingship and the Nephite preference for judges over kings. Verses 16-25: External Threats and Dependence on God in Preparing for Future Challenges 16 : Alma appoints just men to be leaders, ensuring righteous governance. Theological Insight : The role of just leadership in maintaining a righteous community. 17-18 : The people of Helam continue to prosper and grow under Alma’s leadership. 19 : A period of peace and prosperity allows the people to flourish. Cultural Context : The pride cycles of prosperity and adversity are demonstrated in all societies. 20 : The Lord warns Alma of impending challenges, emphasizing the need for continual faith and preparedness. Biblical Cross-Reference : Similar warnings given to Old Testament prophets (e.g., Joseph’s interpretation of Pharaoh’s dreams). 21-25 : Alma teaches the people to remember the Lord and be prepared for future trials. Theological Insight : The importance of spiritual vigilance and reliance on God in times of prosperity. “ What Does the Book of Mormon Teach about the Priesthood? “ Why Does the Book of Mosiah Talk So Much About Priesthood Authority? Verses 26-39: The Arrival of Amulon and New Challenges 26-27 : The people of Helam are discovered by the Lamanites, who are led by Amulon, a former priest of King Noah. Narrative Development : Introduction of new adversaries and the beginning of oppression. 28-29 : The Lamanites take control of Helam and impose heavy burdens on the people. Theological Insight : The cyclical and predictable nature of oppression and deliverance. 30-32 : Alma and his people submit to the Lamanites to avoid destruction. Cultural Context : Strategies of survival are demonstrated under oppressive regimes. 33-34 : Amulon gains favor with the Lamanite king and is appointed ruler over Alma and his people. Theological Insight : These verses demonstrate the complexities of political leadership and the impact of former associations. 35-37 : The people of Helam are forbidden to pray aloud but continue to pray in their hearts. Biblical Cross-Reference : The silent prayers of Hannah (1 Samuel 1:12-13) and the resilience of faithful individuals under oppression. 38-39 : The Lord hears their silent prayers and promises eventual deliverance. Theological Insight : The power of prayer and the assurance of divine intervention in times of need. Overview Mosiah 24 Mosiah 24 continues the narrative of Alma the Elder and his followers, focusing on their trials under Lamanite oppression and their miraculous deliverance through faith and divine intervention. This chapter highlights themes of faith, patience in suffering, divine deliverance, and the power of covenantal relationships with God. Through the experiences of Alma and his people, modern readers are encouraged to maintain their faith, rely on prayer, and trust in God’s timing and guidance. The narrative provides timeless lessons on resilience, divine intervention, and the power of community and faith. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Faith and Patience in Suffering : The chapter emphasizes the importance of maintaining faith and patience during times of suffering and persecution. Divine Deliverance : Highlights the power of God to deliver His people from oppression and to answer prayers in miraculous ways. Covenantal Relationship with God : The narrative underscores the strength and importance of a covenantal relationship with God, which brings divine aid and protection. Resilience in Faith : Encourages readers to maintain their faith and trust in God even in difficult circumstances. Power of Prayer : Inspires individuals to continue praying and seeking divine help, even when external circumstances seem to prohibit it. Divine Timing and Guidance : This passage reminds readers to be attentive to God’s timing and guidance and trust in His plan for deliverance and relief. Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Mosiah 24 Verses 1-9: The Arrival of the Lamanites and Amulon’s Leadership 1-2 : The Lamanites discover the land of Helam and Alma’s people. They initially do not harm them due to their peaceful nature and industriousness. Peaceful and Industrious : These qualities reflect Alma’s community's positive qualities, which initially protect them from immediate harm. 3-4 : Amulon, one of King Noah's former priests, is appointed by the Lamanite king to govern Alma’s people. He imposes heavy burdens and restrictions on them. Oppressive Leadership : Amulon’s leadership marks a period of severe oppression for Alma’s people, contrasting with their previously righteous leadership. 5-9 : Amulon forbids Alma and his followers from praying, increasing their burdens and attempting to eradicate their faith. Suppression of Faith : The prohibition against prayer highlights the Lamanites' attempt to destroy the spiritual foundation of Alma’s community. Increased Oppression : The escalation of burdens and restrictions signifies the growing intensity of their trials. Verses 10-16: Faith and Secret Prayers 10-12 : Despite the prohibition, Alma and his people continue to pray in their hearts, showing their unwavering faith in God. Steadfast Faith : Demonstrates the community’s resilience and commitment to maintaining their faith under persecution. Silent Prayers : Their silent prayers represent a form of spiritual resistance and reliance on divine help. 13-14 : The Lord hears their prayers and promises them deliverance, assuring them that He will ease their burdens and provide a way of escape. Divine Assurance : God’s response to their prayers emphasizes His constant presence and readiness to aid those who are faithful. Promise of Deliverance : The promise of deliverance offers hope and encouragement to Alma’s people. 15-16 : The Lord begins to ease their burdens, making them light so that they can bear them with patience and cheerfulness. Miraculous Relief : The easing of burdens illustrates God’s power to intervene and provide relief even in dire circumstances. Patience and Cheerfulness : The people’s ability to bear their burdens with patience and cheerfulness is a testament to their deep faith and trust in God. How Does the Lord Make our Burdens Light? Verses 17-25: Miraculous Deliverance 17-18 : The Lord instructs Alma to prepare his people for their escape, assuring them of His guidance and protection. Preparation for Deliverance : God’s instructions to Alma highlight the importance of preparation and readiness to act on divine guidance. 19-20 : Alma and his people gather their flocks and provisions and begin their escape under the cover of night. Divine Timing : Their escape under the cover of night signifies the importance of following God’s timing and guidance with precision. 21-23 : The Lord causes a deep sleep to come upon the Lamanite guards, allowing Alma and his people to escape without detection. Divine Intervention : The deep sleep illustrates God’s direct intervention to facilitate the escape, underscoring His power and protection. 24-25 : Alma and his people travel through the wilderness and eventually arrive safely in the land of Zarahemla, where they are joyfully received by King Mosiah and his people. Safe Arrival : The safe arrival in Zarahemla represents the fulfillment of God’s promise and the culmination of their faith and perseverance. Joyful Reunion : The reunion with Mosiah’s people signifies the restoration of their community and the beginning of a new chapter in their lives. Why Should We Take the Time to Give Thanks to God? Church Videos & Resources Jacob - Mosiah Talks and References This Month in Come Follow Me Abinadi Testifies of Jesus Christ | Mosiah 11–18 Abinadi and King Noah Book of Mormon Stories Scripture Central Study Guide Video Commentary Listed above in podcast section Know Whys Listed above in relation to section. Evidences Listed above in relation to section. Written Commentary John W. Welch Notes - Come Follow Me Book of Mormon Minute by Brant A Gardner Reading Plan Structure your personal scripture study by following a 15-minute, day-by-day plan. Each day's assignment includes the required scripture passages from the Come, Follow Me curriculum, as well as suggestions for additional resources to bring context and understanding to your study. For the best experience, use our  Reading Plan in the free ScripturePlus app ! You can track your progress and have access to the best resources. Monday Scripture: Mosiah 18:1–35 Commentary:  Mosiah 18:27-30 Additional Study KnoWhy:  At Baptism, What Do We Covenant to Do? Commentary:  Overview Commentary:  Authority to Baptize Commentary:  Living the Covenant Commentary:  Mosiah 18:11-14 Commentary:  Mosiah 18:25-26 KnoWhy:  Why is the Sabbath Day Needed? Evidence:  Progression Tuesday Scripture: Mosiah 19:1–29 Commentary:  Mosiah 19:15-16 Additional Study KnoWhy:  Why is a “Ceremony” Mentioned After King Noah is Executed? Commentary:  King Noah Suffered Death by Fire Commentary:  Mosiah 19:22-25 Evidence:  Dramatic Irony Wednesday Scripture: Mosiah 20:1–26 Commentary:  Mosiah 20:1-2 Additional Study Commentary:  The Daughters of the Lamanites Commentary:  Why We Should Avoid Jumping to Conclusions Commentary:  Mosiah 20:8-11 Commentary:  Mosiah 20:14-16 Commentary:  Mosiah 20:22-26 KnoWhy:  Why Did the Lamanites Break Their Treaty with King Limhi? Evidence:  The Abduction of the Dancing Maidens Thursday Scripture: Mosiah 21:1–36 Commentary:  Mosiah 21:26-27 Additional Study Evidence:  Armor Commentary:  Limhi's People Fight the Lamanites Three Times and Fail Commentary:  Mosiah 21:13-15 Commentary:  Mosiah 21:16-17 Commentary:  Mosiah 21:31-32 KnoWhy:  Which Nephite King Had the Gift of Interpretation? KnoWhy:  How Can We Stop the Cycle of Revenge? Friday Scripture: Mosiah 22:1–16 Commentary:  King Mosiah Received Limhi and His People with Joy Commentary:  Mosiah 22:4-8 Commentary:  Mosiah 22:9-12 Additional Study Evidence:  Exodus and Limhi’s People KnoWhy:  Why Did King Limhi Think Gideon’s Escape Plan Would Work? Saturday Scripture: Mosiah 23:1–39 Commentary:  Mosiah 23:21-24 Additional Study KnoWhy:  Why Does the Book of Mosiah Talk So Much About Priesthood Authority? Commentary:  Alma's People Were Brought into Bondage Commentary:  Mosiah 23:1-2 Commentary:  Mosiah 23:3-5 Commentary:  Mosiah 23:8-9 Commentary:  Mosiah 23:10-12 Commentary:  Mosiah 23:13-15 Evidence:  Flashback Sequences (Mosiah 9–24) Sunday Scripture: Mosiah 24:1–25 Commentary:  Mosiah 24:11-14 Additional Study KnoWhy:  How Does the Lord Make our Burdens Light? Commentary:  Amulon Taught the Lamanites His Language Commentary:  Amulon Persecutes the Saints Commentary:  Mosiah 24:1-3 Commentary:  Mosiah 24:8-10 Commentary:  Mosiah 24:21-25 KnoWhy:  Why Should We Take the Time to Give Thanks to God? Evidence:  Exodus and Alma’s People Maps & Charts Life Spans of Mosiah's Lineage Flashbacks in the Book of Mosiah Nephite and Lamanite Kings Consistent Elements in Nephite Declarations of Faith Key Doctrinal Chapters: Mosiah–Alma Isaiah Passages Listed by Book of Mormon Reference Isaiah Passages Listed by Isaiah Reference Outlines of Passages Quoting Isaiah Missionary Work Legal Cases and Procedures in the Book of Mormon Legal Charges Brought against Abinadi Did Abinadi Prophesy against King Noah on Pentecost? Further Details in the Land of Nephi Metals in the Book of Mormon Whose Words Are Found in the Book of Mormon? Number of Pages in Books of the Book of Mormon Average Number of Pages Covering One Nephite Year Nephite Books Compared by Length and Years Covered Nephite Books Listed Chronologically Names Used for Christ by Major Book of Mormon Authors Names and Concepts Associated with Christ by Major Book of Mormon Authors Number of Names Used for Christ by Major Book of Mormon Authors Number of Names for Christ Used Exclusively by Individual Authors Ten Essential Features of Book of Mormon Geography Geographical Names Listed Alphabetically Geographical Names Listed by Scripture Reference Images Book of Mormon Videos Images, Mosiah 11–18 Arnold Friberg Sketch of “The Prophet Alma the Elder” Alma Baptizes in the Waters of Mormon Jorge Cocco The Waters of Mormon Las aguas de Mormon Alma High Priest Mosiah Receives the Jaradite Plates Bibliography & Additional Resource BYU’s RSC Deliverance from Bondage Light or Dark, Freedom or Bondage: Enhancing Book of Mormon themes through Contrasts Books The Book of Mormon Made Easier Set, With Included Chronological Map (Gospel Study) The Annotated Book of Mormon Beholding the Tree of Life: A Rabbinic Approach to the Book of Mormon Gathered in One: How the Book of Mormon Counters Anti-Semitism in the New Testament Feasts and Festivals of the Messiah (Preparing for and Worshipping in the Latter-day Saint Temple: Understanding Symbolism, Promises, Learnings & Covenants) Passover Seder Script Days of Awe: Jewish Holy Days, Symbols and Prophecies for Latter-day Saints

CFM : August 5–11 Alma 39–42  Videos, Podcasts, & Weekly Lesson Material Media ​Lesson Extension Scripture Central Alma 3 9-42 Scripture Study Insights Insights with Taylor and Tyler: Revisited Scripture Insights CFM with John Hilton III Study Guide Follow Him Alma 3 9-42 Part 1 Part 2 Transcripts Line Upon Line Alma 39-42 Teaching with Power Alma 39-42 ​ Teaching Bundle for Book of Mormon, available on Etsy. Don't Miss This Alma 39-42 Book of Mormon Matters with John W Welch and Lynne Hilton Wilson Alma 39-42 John W. Welch Notes ​Unshaken Alma 39-42 ​The Interpreter Foundation Alma 39-42 ​Commentary by John Claybaugh ​Teaching Helps with John Hilton Alma 3 9-42 The Book of Mormon, A Master Class Alma 30-31: Exposing the Enemies of Christ ​Scripture Gems Alma 3 9-42 Book of Mormon Map Come Follow Up Alma 39-42 The Scriptures Are Real Alma 3 9-42 The Faith Experiment Latter Day Kids Alma 3 9-42 Small and Simple Things Scripture Explorers Alma 3 9-42 Alma Teaches Helaman and Shiblon Gospel for Kids Alma 3 9-42 Corianton ​Talking Scripture Alma 39-42  ( Judgement & the Afterlife ) Show Notes Book of Mormon Minute, Brant A. Gardner Vol. 2 Volume 3: Alma Alma 3 9 Alma 40 Alma 41 Saving Talents: Devotionals & FHE for Children Alma 39-42 Grounded with Barbara Morgan Alma 39-42 Our Mothers Knew It Alma 3 9-42 Insights Hurricane Utah Adult Religion Class , Book of Mormon ALMA'S COUNSEL TO HIS SONS HELAMAN, SHIBLON, & CORIANTON Video Notes Slides / Handout Resources and Insights for this Week's Lesson   The Book of Mormon: A Cultural and Religious Dialogue If you haven't had a chance to review last week's commentary, this week's material builds upon the concepts we discussed in that lesson. Therefore, it is important to at least be familiar with the materials presented so you don't get lost or confused. Some of the topics we explore might be new to many, as they involve various literary techniques and ancient Jewish cultural traditions. So be sure to review those materials first, as this week's lesson builds on the framework we established last week. Alma's Message to Corianton Often, the primary takeaway from Alma 39 is seen as an admonition against sexual sin. While issues pertaining to sexual purity are indeed a significant and important aspect of Alma's message, they represent only a small part of his concern and broader message. These chapters delve much deeper into themes of repentance, the consequences of sin, the concerns regarding the paths that those sins can take, and the importance of turning back to God by relying on the power of His Atonement. Therefore, Alma's counsel to his son Corianton covers a wide range of moral, spiritual, social, intellectual, and safety principles, emphasizing the gravity of one's choices and how poor choices can have very negative impacts. These choices do not only affect the one making them, but there are ripple effects that can have long-reaching and unintended consequences. In these passages, Alma emphasizes the need for sincere repentance and change, this includes the need and importance of honesty with oneself and with others. There is much more to this story than a singular focus on sexual sin, and in some cases, this can sadly distract us from the deeper purpose and the powerful truths that are embedded into these monumental teachings. Context Many do not recognize or understand the Hebraic connection between the "harlot Isabel," in the Book of Mormon and the biblical אִיזֶבֶל   Jezebel , but this is a very significant detail. Let us first examine the word harlot as it was understood at that time. The Hebrew words for Harlot are  זָנָה zanah  and קְדֵשָׁה qadisha . The word Zanah is similar to our modern understanding, used to describe someone, married or unmarried, who receives compensation for sex. However, it can also be used figuratively as a description for one who betrays God by engaging in idolatrous practices, one who "goes whoring after the gods of foreign nations," such as in Deut 31:16, Hos 1:2. This terminology describes an Israelite that seeks out and imitates the superstitious and immoral behaviors. (Greek translation: πόρνη porne ). Mormon names only six women in the Book of Mormon: Sariah, Sarah, Eve, Mary, Abish, and Isabel. The specific inclusion of Isabel's name being mentioned in these passages is definitely intentional, and astute students should pay attention to this important detail, as it can provide some very valuable context. The English translation of Jezebel that most of us are familiar with includes a "J" sound, which did not exist in the ancient Hebraic language. In Hebrew, this name is pronounced 'îzeḇel , as we see it in the Book of Mormon. The letter J is actually a fairly recent addition to the alphabet, introduced in 1524 AD by Gian Giorgio Trissino, an Italian Renaissance Grammarian. The letters J, Y, and I were all derived from the Hebrew Yod (transliterated as  ἰῶτα  " iota " in Greek or "Jot" in the English KJV of the New Testament). This letter could be used to make a consonant Ya sound or a number of vowel combinations. The   J  sounds, as in “ j am,”  " g eneral," and "Ta j  Mahal," which most English speakers usually associate with the letter J, did not develop until later. This is why we see so many variations of the j pronunciation in different words and across different cultures. Words like " hallelu j ah" retained their early Semitic root pronunciation,  while names like Jezebel have adopted later phonetic adaptations. We see this with the name Jesus as well; many Latin cultures pronounce this with the traditional Yesus or even "Hesus." They derived this from the   Greek Ἰησοῦς  “ Iesous ” which was a translation of the Hebrew יְהוֹשׁוּעַ   “ Yehoshua ,”  which is also transliterated as Joshua. So these transliterations can be tricky and hard to recognize sometimes. Contextually, in relation to the broader scope of Alma's message to his son, it appears that Alma is intentionally alluding to the Biblical history of Jezebel in these passages. Jezebel was, of course, Ahab's wicked Sidonian queen, who seduced many Israelites into the traps of idolatry and priestcraft. Reading the passages for this week's lesson from this perspective reveals some very different connotations to those we typically think of. This perspective might cause the reader to interpret these passages a bit differently. One might ask, was there actually a Sironian harlot named Isabel, and is this passage about sex, or was Alma making a metaphorical statement about Corianton turning away from the Lord and forsaking the ministry to pursue doctrines and practices associated with idolatry and priestcraft? These are very good and valid questions, 2 For thou didst not give so much heed unto my words as did thy brother, among the people of the Zoramites . Now this is what I have against thee; thou didst go on unto boasting in thy strength and thy wisdom. 3 And this is not all, my son. Thou didst do that which was grievous unto me; for thou didst forsake the ministry, and did go over into the land of Siron among the borders of the Lamanites, after the harlot  Isabel. 4 Yea, she did steal  away the hearts of many; but this was no excuse for thee, my son. Thou shouldst have tended to the ministry wherewith thou wast entrusted. It is very likely that both interpretations are correct and that both sexual immorality and idolatry were relevant to the issues described by Alma, especially considering the strong positions that the brethren have taken regarding these passages. Therefore, it is important to clarify that in no way are these observations intended to contradict their wise and valuable counsel. These perspectives simply suggest that it is very likely that the name Isabel might indicate a dual meaning, representing both an actual person/event as well as a symbolic idea. The name Isabel was a very common name in the ancient world; in the Canaanite tradition, it meant "exalted by Baal" or "wife of Baal," and the legends of Jezebel as a consort or priestess to the Canaanite deity were widely spread throughout Israel during the wicked regime of Ahab. The specific inclusion of Isabel's name in the Book of Mormon, used in the context of Alma's message to his "wicked" son, suggests that similar idolic themes and practices were developing once again, making waves among the Nephite and Lamanite Israelites. Now, this is not to say the name Isabel or Jezebel is "bad." In fact, these names are beautiful and can also have very positive connotations. In the Hebrew language, Isabel can mean "chaste" and "one who " dwells "   or " rules " with God." Phonetically, one could draw a connection to ba  el, which can indicate the concept of being with God. The prepositional prefix בּ  ba- is used as an abbreviated form of בְּמוֹ bᵊmô , which is grammatically interpreted as "in, at, by, or with." עַל al means " over  or on high," and El means god . In Hebrew, the word el can refer to Elohim, Jehovah, or one of the other various gods mentioned in the Bible, depending on the context. Several scholars also make etymological connections between the names Isabel and Elizabeth   אֱלִישֶׁבַע , which means " My God's   seven-fold  covenant or oath ". Given these small bytes of information that pertain to these words, their components, interpretations, and histories, one can see how the word "baal," which as a noun means " husband ,  lord, and master," and as a verb means "to marry or have dominion  (i.e., stewardship/responsibility for)" are inherently related. One can also see how these words can be interpreted in many different ways. In this example, it becomes evident how people might justify, twist, or corrupt these meanings to conform to their own biases, beliefs, attitudes, and ambitions. In the case of the Canaanite Baal, principles once associated with responsibility and leadership gave way to pride, entitlement, supremacy, control, power, and the various atrocities associated with idolatry and priestcraft. This very complex history demonstrates how the same word or name can ultimately result in many different and even opposing interpretations, a dichotomy that is not uncommon in Hebrew. It happens frequently, and one can observe this concept of "opposition in all things" reflected in many Hebraic names, words, and symbols. This is a crucial concept to understand and remember when interpreting Hebraic texts, including the Book of Mormon. In order to discern how a name, word, or symbol is intended, one must examine the broader context to look for indicators or clues to cross-examine our interpretations to make sure they are correct and that they accurately convey the intended meaning. In the context that Alma refers to in this passage and in the context that we read about in the Bible, it is clear that negative associations with the name Jezebel (Isabel) are being made. These passages refer to more than curious young people crossing a boundary or coming across something online. Certainly, these are issues to take seriously and to be aware of, as sexuality has sacred and serious responsibilities associated with it. However, there is probably more to this story, as the context indicates that Alma is clearly alluding to more sinister and premeditated crimes. He describes these crimes and abominations as ranking just shy of murdering innocent people and denying the Holy Ghost, which is identified as an intentional and unpardonable sin. Therefore, we need to use caution when we interpret these passages, as blanket judgments can be very destructive, and these can send inaccurate and unintended messages to our young and vulnerable people. Some of whom encounter these passages in very weakened and compromised states during times when they are filled with fear, anxiety, and confusion. In these verses, the evidence presented indicates that Alma is not condemning kids who made naive mistakes or heaven forbid, those who were victims of someone else's mistakes. To suggest such a thing would be contrary to his broader message, which is a message of love, compassion, and eternal happiness. Additionally, the nature of the crimes that Alma describes in relation to Isabel likely refers to some type of premeditated and intentional sexual exploitations that probably included some type of priestcraft or secret combination, which were ramping up within the community at that time. These are the types of abominations that ultimately led the people to war and ruin, both in the Old Testament following Ahab's wicked regime and among the Nephites and Lamanites, who will shortly face similar consequences. Based upon the context of these passages, it is clear that these latter issues are the ones that Alma is most concerned about because these are the issues that he specifically addresses during his discourse with Corianton. In several ancient cultures, idolic practices were far more than just appreciating the craftsmanship of a pretty statue or image. These infatuations developed into cultural industries and ritual religious institutions of corruption, such as those that were being developed and observed among the Zoramites, Sironians, and Amalekites. These behaviors included various forms of priestcraft and unrighteous dominions, including religious elitism, the worship of idols, focuses on materialism, institutionalized prostitution, substance abuse, sexual and criminal exploitation, rape, violence, political corruption, and even murder. In some cases, these rituals even included human and child sacrifice. These were the issues that had Alma so morally vexed and concerned when he stated, " I would to God that ye had not been guilty  of so great a crime. I would not dwell upon your crimes, to harrow up your soul, if it were not for your good." As a wise and loving parent, Alma understood that the path Corianton was heading down was a path of destruction and considerable pain. His intentions for counseling his son were not to shame, punish, or ostracize him. Alma's motives were not prideful, selfish, or self-serving. They were focused on Corianton's well-being and his eternal happiness. Alma wanted to protect Corianton, to help him recognize the inherent dangers of his choices, the danger he was taking upon himself, and the danger he was placing upon others so that Corianton could recognize the gravity of his mistakes, repent, and return to God. Idolatry in the Ancient World Idolatry is as old as time. We see it in the pre-existence when Lucifer set himself up as an idol before the grand council, placing himself above all, seeking glory and power that did not rightfully belong to him. We see it again with the story of Abraham. Abraham's father came from the Chaldean city of Ur and became consumed with idolatry of various nations, to the point where he even tried to sacrifice his own son to foreign gods. In turn, Abraham was later asked by the Lord to sacrifice his son Isaac, a request that must have deeply triggered and horrified him for multiple reasons. However, in faith, Abraham obediently climbed Mount Moriah with his beloved son to do what the Lord requested of him. The name Moriah  is significant because, in Hebrew, Moreh means "teacher" from the verbal roots רָאָה ra'ah , which means "to see, look at, inspect, perceive, behold, and consider" and יָרָה y ara ,  which means to "teach, direct, show, point out, and instruct." When the letter מ mem is placed before these verbs, it can modify the verb to create a noun   מוֹרֶה; in this case, this word indicates a teacher or one who teaches. It is interesting to note that the noun תּוֹרָה Torah , which is the word for "teaching or Law," is also derived from these same verbal roots using a ת tav modifier, which usually denotes a tool or instrument used for teaching. Moriah is a compound word that combines "teacher" + "Yah." Yah is an abbreviation for Yahweh or Jehovah, and thus Moriah indicates a connection between a teacher and Jehovah. It was on Mount Moriah that Abraham was taught about the Atonement of Jesus Christ. Through a very symbolic object lesson, Abraham was taught that his fathers had been led astray through idolatry and that they had misconstrued the law of sacrifice, which was initially intended to prepare them for the coming and mission of Jesus Christ, the son of God who would one day be sacrificed for the sins of the world. As time went on, and this sacred knowledge became corrupted, these once pure teachings and doctrines morphed into something entirely different, devolving into superstitious, confusing, and dangerous doctrines and mythologies that became associated with priestcraft. Many nefarious figures, priests, and leaders took advantage of these circumstances to exercise unrighteous dominion, creating enmity and fractions between the people in their efforts to obtain power and control over various communities among the nations, leading to horrible crimes against humanity. Others simply followed, blindly unaware of the falsehoods and dangers that such corrupted doctrines contained. These are the points that Alma identifies when he instructs Corianton to "cross" himself, to humbly, honestly, and methodically cross-examine himself, his beliefs, and his choices. Alma counsels Corianton to heed the counsel of his righteous brothers, who had provided excellent examples for Corianton to follow. In so doing, Alma also suggests that the previous messages that were delivered to Helaman and Shiblon also applied to the message that Alma prepared for Corianton. Each message builds upon itself, acting as layers of overlays, like a 3-D puzzle stacking on top of one another until the bigger picture takes shape and becomes evident. As a concerned and loving father, Alma not only addresses the imminent concerns that got Corianton in trouble in the first place, but he also searches for the underlying issues that got him to that point. He specifically addresses Corianton's questions, his points of concern, and the issues that led to his confusion. Alma's answers identify Corianton's questions and misunderstandings, many of which were centered around the concept of the Atonement and Resurrection. As one becomes more familiar with the cultural and religious traditions of the ancient world, one will find common themes that are interwoven, like threads, throughout all of the various traditions from all around the globe. The theme of resurrection is one of these recurring motifs. Currently, one of these instances has recently become an object of controversy that is circulating all over social media. The Greek god Dionysus was recently depicted during the Olympic games. Many people unknowingly confused this cultural display with Da Vinci's depiction of the Last Supper, whether this representation was intentional or not, it caused a lot of division and contention between different communities. Those who are familiar with the comparative mythologies of the ancient world were probably not surprised by the Olympic controversy because they recognize that, just like today, these issues have been around for a very long time. These types of issues have caused a lot of confusion and conflict between various cultural and faith traditions throughout history. Therefore, one should exercise caution when examining these traditions, but one should not be afraid to ask questions. If approached properly, compassionately, faithfully, and prayerfully, like Alma, one can gain significant insights from the study as one seeks to develop a basic awareness of the similarities and differences. This can help them to be in a position to help others when they have questions and concerns. Many good and faithful scholars have engaged in these types of studies, and they have made very positive impacts. Their efforts have helped people to approach these topics with the goal of unification rather than division. One such scholar goes by the pen name of Dr. Jack Logan ; she is a university professor who hosts a podcast called " The Ancient Tradition ." Dr. Logan presents a compelling case, suggesting that the similarities among various cultural and religious traditions indicate a common origin. Dr.  Logan is  not alone in her view, and she sources the works of many scholars who have come to similar conclusions. While these traditions have many differences and come from multiple perspectives, the consistent and detailed commonalities do indicate a common source. Like the party game "Telephone," as these messages and stories were passed along, they changed, and the ancient traditions diverged. This took place for numerous reasons: time, distance, differences in culture, opinion, education, exposure, access to oral versus written accounts, political influences, nationalism, hearsay, extrapolation, wars, famines, natural disasters, boasting, propaganda, etc. The causes of these deviations may be as diverse as the stories themselves. Believers in the idea that all people are children of God and that mankind descended from Adam should not be surprised to see common themes across all nations, kindreds, tongues, and peoples. These recurring themes are evident in records and accounts spanning throughout history, demonstrating similar motifs woven into our collective stories. Examples of such recurring themes frequently include a Sacred Tree, staffs of power, fertility concepts, protective guardians, creation stories involving primordial waters (aka matter unorganized), a war in heaven among a council of gods, a leviathan, dragon, or fallen serpent, sacred winds, sacred words in the forms of spells or incantations, a divine mission or quest similar to Joseph Campbell's " The Hero's Journey ," some form of atonement or path to redemption, a healing elixir, and a journey back to the beginning, creating a continuous "circle of life." Some of the most predominant stories circulating among these ancient nations and their ritual traditions included resurrection and rebirth stories.  Here are a few of the some of the most well-known examples from various ancient civilizations: Egyptian Mythology: Osiris and Horus Osiris : One of the most significant resurrection myths in Egyptian mythology is the story of Osiris . Osiris, the god of the afterlife, was murdered by his brother Set, who dismembered his body and scattered the pieces. Osiris's wife, Isis, gathered the pieces and, with the help of other gods, restored Osiris to life. However, Osiris did not return to the living world but became the ruler of the underworld. Horus : The son of Osiris and Isis, Horus  is often depicted as a symbol of resurrection and renewal. Horus avenged his father's death by defeating Set and became the god of the sky and kingship. The story of Horus and Osiris symbolizes the cycle of death and rebirth, reflecting the annual flooding of the Nile and the renewal of the land. Phoenician and Babylonian Mythology: Molech and Marduk Molech : Molech  was a king deity associated with the Phoenicians and other ancient Semitic cultures. While not typically a resurrection figure, the worship of Molech often involved rites of death and rebirth, including the controversial practice of child sacrifice, believed to ensure fertility and renewal. Marduk : In Babylonian mythology, the Enuma Elish  recounts the rise of Marduk , a chief god who defeated the chaos monster Tiamat and created the world from her body. While not a resurrection story per se, Marduk's victory over chaos and his establishment of order symbolizes renewal and rebirth, themes common in many resurrection myths. Greek Mythology: The Phoenix and Dionysus Phoenix : The myth of the Phoenix  is one of the most well-known resurrection stories in Greek mythology, although it likely originated from Phoenicia (Phoenix and Phoenicia come from the same root word, φοῖνιξ ). The Phoenix is a mythical bird that lives for several hundred years before burning itself to ashes, only to rise anew from the ashes. This cycle of death and rebirth makes the Phoenix a powerful symbol of resurrection, immortality, and renewal. Dionysus : The god of wine, fertility, and rebirth, Dionysus  has several myths associated with death and resurrection. One version tells of his death at the hands of the Titans, who dismembered him. His heart was saved by Athena, allowing him to be reborn. Dionysus's resurrection is celebrated in various rituals and festivals, symbolizing the cycle of life, death, and renewal in nature. Mesopotamian Mythology: Inanna/Ishtar Inanna/Ishtar : In Mesopotamian mythology, Inanna  (Sumerian) or Ishtar (Akkadian) is the goddess of love, fertility, and war. One of the key myths involving Inanna is her descent into the underworld. Inanna descends to the underworld to visit her sister Ereshkigal but is killed and hung on a hook. Her faithful servant petitions the gods for her release, and she is eventually resurrected and returned to the living world. This story represents themes of death, rebirth, and the cycles of nature. Other Notable Resurrection Myths Adonis : once again, we see Greek mythology borrowing from Canaanite mythology, Adonis , from the Semitic Adon, meaning lord , is a beautiful youth loved by Aphrodite. He dies tragically but is brought back to life, symbolizing the death and rebirth of nature. Persephone : The daughter of Demeter, Persephone  is abducted by Hades  and taken to the underworld. Her return to the surface for part of the year brings spring and fertility, symbolizing the seasonal cycle of growth and decay. The story of Persephone is particularly interesting because it is specifically referred to in the New Testament, in Matthew 16. During Jesus' ministry, Jesus intentionally took the apostles to Caesarea Philippi, a well-known pagan site where the story of Persephone was said to have taken place. Here, among the very temples that housed numerous pagan deities, Jesus prepared the apostles for their final trip to Jerusalem, a trip that had profound significance. A discussion arose about who the people said Jesus was. Some said he was a prophet; others said he was resurrected form of John the Baptist, Elijah, or Jeremiah. When Jesus asked the apostles who they said Jesus was, Peter witnessed that Jesus was the Christ, the son of the living Gad. At this symbolic location, where the apostles were surrounded by the idolatry and pride of the world, Jesus demonstrated his need for faithful disciples who knew Him, who would courageously testify of the true message of salvation. Following Peter's bold declaration of faith, Jesus answered and said unto him, "Blessed art thou, Simon Barjona: for flesh and blood hath not revealed it  unto thee, but my Father which is in heaven." Jesus Christ was on the precipice of fulfilling the Atonement, and he knew what that meant. He was facing the imminent reality of unbearable agony, which would finally result in his death, where he would descend below all things into the underworld itself to rescue the souls of those who would follow him back, paving the only path to redemption. Jesus knew that this journey would test him and his disciples, and he needed them to be prepared and firm in their faith. Following Peter's proclamation, Jesus referred to Peter's nickname as petra  "the rock" upon which Jesus would build His Church ( Matthew 16:18 ). This was in front of the very cave that he referred to as the "gates of hell" where Persephone was said to have been abducted. The Jews called this location Sheol , and the Greeks called it Hades , and both are translated in the English Bible as "hell or underworld." In this context, Jesus testified that the "gates of hell" would not prevail against Peter and the Church because they built their foundation upon the rock of the Gospel and the keys of the kingdom of heaven. Peter and other prophets who have proclaimed the good news of the Gospel all identify Jehovah, even Jesus Christ as the "Rock of Heaven and Salvation" ( 1 Cor 10:4 , Ex 17:6; 33:17-23; Num 20:6-13; Deut 32:4; 1 Samuel 2:2; 22; 23:1-6; Neh 9:15, Job 14:18; Matt 7:24-25; Luke 6:48; Helaman 5:12, 1 Nephi 1:6; 13:36; 15:15; 17;29; 2 Nephi 4:30,35; 9:45; 25:20;28:28; 3 Nephi 11:39; 11:40; 14:25; 18:12-13; etc.)            In Alma's message to Corianton, Alma's message denotes similar themes, as he stresses the importance of fidelity to true principles, by explaining that all of the signs and symbols of true salvation point to Jesus Christ. As he does so, Alma addresses many of Corianton's underlying questions and concerns, concerns that caused Coriantonton to go to worldly and inferior sources to try to find answers. As a loving and wise father, Alma explains that the answers that Corianton sought are all found in the true and living gospel that is centered on the life and mission of Jesus Christ. 17 And now I will ease your mind somewhat on this subject. Behold, you marvel why these things should be known so long beforehand. Behold, I say unto you, is not a soul at this time as precious unto God as a soul will be at the time of his coming? 18 Is it not as necessary that the plan of redemption should be made  known unto this people as well as unto their children? 19 Is it not as easy at this time for the Lord to send  his angel to declare these glad tidings unto us as unto our children, or as after the time of his coming? Then Alma goes on to expand upon the nature of the Resurrection and the Plan of Salvation, perceiving that these are still issues that Corianton is worrying about. Alma explains that there is still a lot that mankind does not know, but based on his studies and his diligent inquiries to the Lord, Alma outlines what he has learned.    Resurrection Timing : Alma explains that the resurrection will not happen until after Christ’s resurrection. The righteous will be resurrected first, followed by the wicked. The Holy Order: The order of the Restoration(s) and Resurrection(s) will align with the Lord's Besader   Kadosh , his "appointed times." Only the Lord fully understands these divine appointments. Three Potential Resurrections : Alma mentions the possibility of three distinct resurrections: The first resurrection, or the resurrection of the just, includes those who lived righteously, and it occurs following Christ's resurrection. (Alma suggests this may include those who lived from the days of Adam to the resurrection of Christ.) The second resurrection, which also includes the righteous. (This is possibly an extension of the first resurrection, which included those who died between the Resurrection of Christ and his Second Coming, although Alma does not specifically refer to that.) The third resurrection, which may be reserved for the wicked and unrepentant, occurs prior to the final judgment. A Period of Probation:  There will be an interval of time between death and resurrection. State of Souls After Death : After death, spirits go to a state of paradise or prison. The righteous enter a state of rest, happiness, and peace, while the wicked experience darkness and sorrow. This is primarily due to a recognition of their sins, which is accompanied by deep regret and mourning. Restoration : Alma discusses the principle of restoration, where all things will be restored to their natural state in accordance with the Law, agency, and according to the proper order. This is in accordance with the laws of Justice and Mercy. The requirements of Justice:  1. It is requisite that all things should be restored to their proper order. Behold, it is requisite and just, according to the power and resurrection of Christ, that the soul of man should be restored to its body, and that every part of the body should be restored to itself. 2. It is requisite with the justice of God that men should be judged according to their works; and if their works were good in this life, and the desires of their hearts were good, that they should also, at the last day, be restored unto that which is good. 3. If their works are evil they shall be restored unto them for evil. Therefore, all things shall be restored to their proper order, everything to its natural frame—mortality raised to immortality, corruption to incorruption—raised to endless happiness to inherit the kingdom of God, or to endless misery to inherit the kingdom of the devil, the one on one hand, the other on the other— The stipulations for Mercy:  A nd so it is on the other hand. If he hath repented of his sins, and desired righteousness until the end of his days, even so he shall be rewarded unto righteousness. These are they that are redeemed of the Lord; yea, these are they that are taken out, that are delivered from that endless night of darkness; and thus they stand or fall; for behold, they are their own judges, whether to do good or do evil. The decrees of God are unalterable:  These are the Terms and Conditions of the Covenant, and there is no other way to attain salvation. Putting it together: We learned that the word תּוֹרָה  Torah "Law, Teaching," comes from the roots ראה ra'ah  and ירה y ara , which indicate the concepts of "seeing, perceiving, directing, teaching, beholding and guiding." We learned that when a מ mem is placed before a verb, it can be used to modify the verb into a noun form, meaning that which comes " from  or out of" something. In this case, we identify something that comes out of seeing or being taught," such as a "teacher" or "seer," as in "prophet, seer, and revelator." We learned this is what Abraham experienced on Mount Moriah when he was taught about the Atonement and the Law of Sacrifice. We learned that there are other verb-to-noun modifiers, such as the ת tav prefix, which was applied to the  ירה  root to create the noun Torah. We learned that this modifier usually denotes a tool or instrument applied to the verb it is modifying.  In this case, the Torah represents the "teachings, law, or instructions." It can also indicate a tool that is used to provide direction, such as a map, compass, or Liahona. The word for compass in Hebrew is סבב , and it means " to turn, turn about or around, surround, encircle, change direction". But the word Torah indicates an instrument for seeing, like the אוּרִים   Urim , which means "lights," the plural form of the root 'or   אוֹר. Notice the וֹר segment, the same that we see in תּוֹרָה and מוֹרֶה. I would suggest that this is an indication of God's Light, the light and illumination that surrounds and is within us all, the light that can give us direction to help us see things clearly and accurately. If we are willing to embrace this light, the Lord is willing to open the windows of heaven and allow us to behold it/ Him. In the article, Liahona: "The Direction of the Lord": An Etymological Explanation , Jonathan Curci provides an analysis of the name Liahona, explaining that the word Liahona means “direction of the Lord" through an analysis of the Hebrew prefix ל- + the roots יְהֹוָה   YHVH (Jehovah) and   א)נא ) ana/ an / na   "whither". I personally think there may be a connection to the root חָנַן ch ana n  as well. In these passages that Alma presents to his sons, he is teaching them how to behold the Light of Christ. He teaches them about his own experience of deliverance, and being born again. He teaches them about the joy, power, and promise that comes from keeping the commandments. He teaches them about principles of literacy, signs, and symbols, and how preserving this knowledge can bring wisdom and unification. He teaches them about the Holy Order of the Priesthood, and how this order governs all things including the heavenly bodies of the cosmos. He teaches them how these principles apply to the sacred ordinances and the traditions of the appointed feasts, which would have included sacred Temple ordinance. He teaches them how these things should be exercised with wisdom, faith, and temperance. He teaches them about agency and accountability, and how these fundamental disciplines relate to the Law, judgement, and the Resurrection. He teaches them about Justice and Mercy. He teaches them about "opposition in all things," and how, in accordance with the Law, all things will be restored to their natural state, whether that is a state of happiness or misery. His teachings demonstrate his mastery of the the language and poetic form. Like the symbolic interpretations of the alphabet and the meanings of various names and words, Alma demonstrates how judgements pertaining to their interpretation and nature are defined by the context of each character and circumstance and he applies these principles to his teachings about the Resurrection and the eternal nature of the soul. He teaches his sons about the Liahona, and how all of these principles are related to its design and function. He teaches them that this course outline an eternal round that ultimately circumscribes all truth into one great whole. Essentially, Alma is teaching us how to see, interpret, and live the word of God. Some Thoughts about the word Restoration We have talked about the meaning of the word Torah, and how it means "Law, teaching, Doctrines." This term is also used to identify the first five books of the Old Testament. This is the word that is at the heart of the word Restoration, which can be interpreted in a number of ways. Most people are familiar with the restor + ation  concept, meaning the action or process  of restoring, from the Latin root restauro , which means to "renew, reestablish, restore, repair, or rebuild." This root is related to the words rest "renew" and restaurant "a restorative location." However we could also look at this word a bit "midrashically," and consider it as Resh + Torah + ation, meaning "the action or process of returning to the Torah (the Laws, Doctrines, and Teachings of the Lord.)" In English, the re- prefix indicates some type of return or repeat. In Hebrew, the word Resh indicates the letter ר resh , which was derived from the word Rosh, which means " head , top, chief, summit, and beginning ." Anciently, in the Early Hebrew alphabet, the Resh was depicted as the symbol of a head, and what do heads do? They turn. The word for turn in Hebrew is the word שׁוּב Shuv , and it also means to turn away, return, restore, and it is one of two words that indicate the concept of repentance , such as in the Jewish practice of Teshuvah . The word shuv specifically indicates the idea of course direction/correction, as in turning away from or turning back to God. This is a different concept than נָחַם nacham , which indicates the feeling sorrow or remorse, which is sometimes part of the repentance process.   In 1875 AD, a young Jewish man named Eliezer-ben-Yehudah had a vision. This is the vision he described. ( The Hope: Eliezer Ben-Yehuda ) "Suddenly, as if lightning struck an incandescent light radiated before my eyes and I was transported to the passage of the Jordan where the children of Israel crossed into the promised land and a great voice rang in my ears and it says  "the return of the people to the language and the language, and ever since that time that Voice rings in my ears and my mind." In traditional Jewish thought, this experience began a movement known as the "Hebrew Revival." A turning point for the Jewish community to restore and revive the Hebrew language, which had been considered a "dead language" for over 1500 years. The Hebrew language had not been spoken outside of liturgical or academic circles since the Romans banned its use following the destruction of the Temple in 70 AD, and then led campaigns to systematically silence the language following the Bar Kokhba revolt in 132 AD. However, even during the life of Christ, fewer and fewer people were learning and reading Hebrew, much less speaking it. Most had adopted the Greek translation which is known as the Septuagint, as Greek was the lingua de franca at the time. The Septuagint had been translated sometime between the 3rd to 2nd Century under the commission of Ptolemy II Philadelphus, according to the legends. Today, largely due to the efforts Ben-Yehuda, the Hebraic language is now a living and thriving language. Close to 10 million people speak it and it has become an official language of Israel. And while this revival is no doubt remarkable, members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints know that this revival did not begin with Eliezer Ben-Yehudah. It began about 55 year earlier, when the Father and the Son appeared to the Prophet Joseph Smith in a similar vision and instructed Joseph to bring forth the Book of Mormon. Then, in 1831, Orson Hyde had a dream  that, under the direction of the prophet, led him to Jerusalem where he offered an apostolic dedicatory prayer, "Now, O Lord! Thy servant has been obedient to the heavenly vision which Thou gavest him in his native land; and under the shadow of Thine outstretched arm, he has safely arrived in this place to dedicate and consecrate this land unto Thee, for the gathering together of Judah's scattered remnants, according to the predictions of the holy Prophets -- for the building up of Jerusalem again after it has been trodden down by the Gentiles so long, and for rearing a Temple in honor of Thy name..."    Following Joseph Smith's martyrdom in 1845 , the Twelve Apostles issued their first official " Proclamation to the World ," in which they called upon the Jewish communities to return to Zion and to collect and distribute their records, along with those of the Native American nations, to restore as best as they could their tongues and languages. Excerpts from this statement read, p.3:  And we further testify, that the Jew among all nations are hereby commanded, in the name of the Messiah, to prepare, to return to Jerusalem in Palestine; and to rebuild that city and temple unto the Lord: And to organize and establish their own political government, under their own rulers, judges, and govorners in that country. For be it known unto them that we now hold the keys of the priesthood and kindom which is soon to be restored unto them.... p16 : We also rely on our friends, the Jews, throughout the world to give it a wide circulation in all their tongues and languages. And last, but not least, we would invite the Editor of the Cherokee Advocate, and others of the remnant of Joseph, to publish the same as extensively a possible in the Indian tongues. This was the backdrop for the Hebrew Revival and Restoration, and, as we can see from Alma's writing, which we studied this week, the Book of Mormon still has a lot more to offer. As we continue to learn more about these ancient languages, and how they were understood by both the Jews in the old and new worlds, the restoration of the Hebraic Language will continue to advance, and the missing pieces and links will begin to come together to create a fuller and more cohesive whole. Applications for Consideration It was from the ancient letter Resh that the Greek letter Ρρ Rho was derived, as well as the Latin letter Rr. In earlier lessons we talked about the ☧  Chi-Rho, an early Christian symbol that was used to depict a type of overlapping monogram for Christ, using the first two letters of his Greek name Chi Χ and Rho Ρ. In Hebrew and Aramaic, the word חַי   Chai  means "living." In Chinese culture Chi  is also used to represent a life force, representing breath and vitality. In Greek, the letter Χχ χεῖ kʰê became the 22nd letter of the alphabet, adopting the sound of the Hebraic ח Chet  and the form of the early Proto-Sinaitic  X / Aramaic  ( t - ת) /Phoenician 𐤕 Tav, the last letter of the Hebraic Alphabet. In last week's lesson, we discussed how the Aleph-Vav-Tav was similar in nature to the Greek Alpha and Omega, as it represented the first and last letters of the Alphabet. In many ways the Chi-Rho was used to symbolize Jesus Christ as the "Living-Head, the Alpha and Omega." In the artwork below, we see this concept represented in several images that share many commonalities. On the bottom we see a modern representation of the Liahona, which is based upon several church scholars perceptions of what this instrument might have looked like. Notice that in this rendition, the designers chose to use the early Paleo-Hebrew  form of the Hebraic script, although other than a few distinguishable words, it appears that most of the writing is simply decorative. On the left-hand side of the top row we see a fourth century marble engraving of a Chi-Rho that is accompanied by the letters Alpha and Omega. In the center, a similar representation is depicted, with one of the earliest pictorial images of Jesus that was discovered in the Catacombs of Commodilla , a 4th century tomb dedicated to the saints and martyrs of the early church. To the right, we see an engraving of a masonic compass and square. In the image below we see a fascinating rendition of the Urim and Thummim being compared to the Compass and Square as well as the Magen David, commonly referred to as the "Star of David." This image incorporates the concept of the Urim and Thummim with the description that Lucy Mack Smith gave, when she described the appearance of the interpreters as two rather unique stones that were set in a pair of spectacles, “On the morning of September 22, after Joseph had returned from the hill, he placed the article [the Nephite interpreters] of which he spoke into my hands, and, upon examination, I found that it consisted of  two smooth three-cornered diamonds set in glass , and the glasses were set in silver bows, which were connected with each other in much the same way as old fashioned spectacles. . . . He [Joseph Smith] handed me the breastplate spoken of in his history. It was wrapped in a thin muslin handkerchief, so thin that I could feel its proportions without any difficulty. It was concave on one side and convex on the other, and extended from the neck downwards, as far as the center of the stomach of a man of extraordinary size. It had four straps of the same material, for the purpose of fastening it to the breast.” ( History of Joseph Smith  by His Mother  Lucy Mack Smith ) When I first came across these images, I was fascinated by them, for many reasons. And as I was trying to figure out how the hinged mechanism might work, as there is no recorded indication to suggest that the spectacles were hinged, my daughter was looking over my shoulder. Observing my conundrum she piped up and said, "Wow Mom, that is really interesting because you don't need a hinge to make that image work. My daughter was going to school at the time for animation. She explained that this was the basic concept for the 3-D glasses that were popular in the 70's, which work on the premise that the brain will naturally converge two seperate images into a single image using a technique called stereoscopy . She demonstrated it for me. Using an old pair of sunglasses, she popped out the lenses and made inverted triangle on either side using some 1/4 inch vinyl tape, and it worked! As soon as I put the spectacles on, the image of the Magen David appeared. Unfortunately, I don't have time to delve deeper into the story for now, but as you read Alma's accounts this week, think about the visual overlays that he describes to his sons. Is is possible that all of these concepts might be related? I will leave you with that cliffhanger for now, and at some point I hope to come back to this, to share some of the insights that were revealed to me as part of my own personal investigations and research, as I sought the Lord's guidance in helping me with one of my own children, as they were struggling with their own challenges. Additional Resources: Interpreter Radio: The Book of Mormon in Context Lesson 32 Nibley Book of Mormon Lectures: Come, Follow Me Lesson 32 Come, Follow Me  Study and Teaching Helps — Lesson 30: Alma 39-42 Audio Roundtable: Come, Follow Me Book of Mormon Lesson 30 (Alma 39-42) Restoration in Alma 41 “According to the Spirit of Revelation and Prophecy”: Alma2’s Prophetic Warning of Christ’s Coming to the Lehites (and Others) Labor Diligently to Write: The Ancient Making of a Modern Scripture — Chapter 14: Alma Chapter XIX (39–42) Restoration: A Theological Poem in the Book of Mormon In His Footsteps: Ammon₁ and Ammon₂ Scripture Roundtable: Book of Mormon Gospel Doctrine Lesson 30, “The Great Plan of Happiness” Overview Alma 39 In Alma 39, Alma the Younger counsels his son Corianton, addressing his sins and calling him to repentance. Alma emphasizes the gravity of Corianton's transgressions, particularly his immorality, and underscores the impact of his actions on others. This chapter focuses on themes of repentance, the consequences of sin, and the importance of setting a righteous example. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Repentance and Forgiveness : The necessity of repentance and the hope offered through Christ’s Atonement. Consequences of Sin : The impact of sin on oneself and others. How to Be Reclaimed from the Fall of Adam The Two Great Sins The Three Most Abominable Sins Leadership and Example : The responsibility of leaders to set a righteous example. Seriousness of Immorality : The gravity of sexual immorality and the urgent need for repentance. Alma 39: A Model for Teaching Morality Seriousness of Idolatry:  The gravity of pride, materialism, and worshiping the things of the world ’See That Ye Are Not Lifted Up’: The Name Zoram and Its Paronomastic Pejoration Preaching the Gospel of Salvation : Stresses the importance of preaching the message of Christ and His Plan of Salvation. Prophecies of Christ : References the prophecies of Christ's coming and His role as the Savior. Message of Redemption : Emphasizes the importance of focusing on the message of redemption. Embracing Repentance : Encourages readers to seek repentance and embrace the forgiveness offered through Christ’s Atonement. The Process of Repentance : Explore the steps and importance of repentance in various religious traditions. Acknowledging Responsibility : Emphasizes the responsibility of leaders and individuals to live righteously. Understanding the Atonement and the Gift of Forgiveness : Consider the concept of atonement and forgiveness across different faiths. Linguistic & Literary Observations:   Observations on the names of the 3 sons: pg 302-304 Labor Diligently to Write: The Ancient Making of a Modern Scripture, Chapters 14 & 15 Textual Similarities in the Words of Abinadi and Alma's Counsel to Corianton Book of Mormon Names Attested in Ancient Hebrew Inscriptions Scripture Insight: Book of Mormon Word Usage: To Cross Oneself Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Alma 39 Alma Counsels His Sons | Alma 36–42 Verses 1-3: Alma's Rebuke of Corianton's Actions Alma Teaches Corianton about Resurrection and Judgment | Alma 39–41 Analysis of the Earliest Manuscripts Introduction and Context : Alma addresses Corianton directly. Forsaking the Ministry : Alma reprimands Corianton for abandoning his missionary duties. Leading Others Astray : Emphasizes how Corianton's actions have led others away from the faith. Themes Direct Address : Alma speaks directly to Corianton, highlighting the seriousness of his actions. Abandonment of Duties : Corianton is rebuked for forsaking his responsibilities. Negative Influence : Stresses the impact of Corianton's actions make on others. No Baal Names Verses 4-6: The Seriousness of Sexual Immorality 4. Gravity of Sin : Alma stresses that sexual immorality is a grievous sin, second only to murder and denying the Holy Ghost. 5. Condemnation of Isabel : Isabel, the harlot, is specifically mentioned, illustrating the seriousness of Corianton's sin, reflecting not only sexual immorality but sins associated with idoliary as well. 6. Necessity of Repentance : Alma underscores the necessity of repentance for such serious transgressions. Themes Serious Sin : Alma categorizes sexual immorality as a grievous sin. Specific Condemnation : Isabel's involvement highlights the gravity of the transgression in addition to inferences to the Biblical secret combinations and idolatry associated with Jezebel, which are further addressed by Alma in the next chapter. Jezebel  is a English transliteration of Isabel, there was no "J" sound in the Hebrew אִיזֶבֶל Call to Repentance : Emphasizes the urgent need for repentance. Why Was Corianton’s Sin So Serious? What Does Alma Say about Avoiding Sexual Sin? Next to Murder in Seriousness  -Holland Secret Combinations  -Ballard Sexual Sin  -Holland Sexual Sin is an Abomination in the Sight of the Lord  -Oaks Verses 7-9: The Consequences of Sin and the Call to Repentance 7. Impact on the Mission : Corianton's sins have hindered the missionary efforts among the Zoramites. 8. Command to Repent : Alma commands Corianton to repent and turn back to God. 9. Return to the Ministry : Alma urges Corianton to forsake his sins and return to his missionary duties. Themes Hindered Mission : Highlights how Corianton's actions have negatively impacted their mission. Urgent Call : Alma's urgent command for Corianton to repent. Restoration : Encourages Corianton to return to his missionary work and forsake his sins. Alma's Use of Abinadi's Words in His Counsel to Corianton Verses 10-12: Setting a Righteous Example 10. Influence on Others : Alma stresses the importance of setting a good example for others. 11. Responsibility of Leadership : As a missionary and leader, Corianton has a responsibility to lead righteously. 12. Call to Righteous Living : Alma calls Corianton to live righteously and lead by example. Themes Influence : The importance of being a positive influence on others. Leadership Responsibility : Emphasizes the responsibility of leaders to live righteously. Righteous Living : Alma's call for Corianton to lead by example. What Impact Do My Actions Have on Others? Verses 13-14: Encouragement to Repent and Forsake Sin 13. Hope through the Atonement : Alma reminds Corianton of the hope and forgiveness available through Christ’s Atonement. 14. Encouragement to Seek Forgiveness : Encourages Corianton to seek forgiveness and change his ways. Themes Hope and Forgiveness : The Atonement offers hope and the possibility of forgiveness. Encouragement : Alma encourages Corianton to repent and seek forgiveness. Verses 15-19: The Importance of Preaching Christ 15. Final Exhortation : Alma's final exhortation to Corianton to repent, forsake his sins, and follow Christ. 16. Preaching Salvation : Emphasizes the importance of preaching salvation through Christ. 17. Prophecies of Christ : Alma refers to the prophecies of Christ’s coming and His role as the Savior. 18. Focus on Redemption : Highlights the need to focus on the message of redemption. 19. Call to Preach the Gospel : Alma urges Corianton to preach the gospel of Christ to others. Themes Final Call : Alma’s final exhortation to Corianton to repent and follow Christ. Preaching Salvation : Stresses the importance of preaching the message of salvation. Prophecies of Christ : References the prophecies of Christ's coming and His role as the Savior. Message of Redemption : Emphasizes the importance of focusing on the message of redemption. Preaching the Gospel : Urges Corianton to share the gospel of Christ. Overview Alma 40 In Alma 40, Alma the Younger continues his counsel to his son Corianton, focusing on the doctrines of the Resurrection and the state of the soul between death and the Resurrection. Alma provides insights into the nature of life after death, emphasizing the hope of resurrection and the importance of righteous living. This chapter addresses themes of the afterlife, resurrection, judgment, and the eternal nature of the soul. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: The Atonement:  The necessity and power of Jesus Christ's Atoning Sacrifice. Teaching the Atonement Resurrection : The doctrine of the resurrection and the stages involved. Editor's Table: On the Resurrection Restoration & Redemption: Restoration, Redemption, and Resurrection: Three R’s of the Book of Mormon A New Meaning of ‘Restoration’: The Book of Mormon on Life After Death Parental Council: A Nephite's Commandments to His Sons - III. Corianton II-Concluded Doctrines of the Afterlife : Discuss the significance of eternal life and the hope it brings to believers. State of the Soul : The condition of the soul between death and resurrection. The State of the Soul Between Death and the Resurrection Final Judgment & Accountability : The judgment that follows the resurrection. Eternal Nature of the Soul : The eternal existence of the soul and its destiny based on righteousness or wickedness. What is the meaning of the Book of Mormon scriptures on eternal hell for the wicked Faith in Mysteries : Invites readers to have faith in the mysteries of God’s plan, even when all details are not fully understood. Literary & Linguistic Insights: Alma’s Use of State in the Book of Mormon Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Alma 40 Verses 1-2: Introduction to the Resurrection Introduction : Alma begins by addressing Corianton's concerns about the resurrection. Reassurance : Alma reassures Corianton that the resurrection is a central doctrine of the gospel and promises of Christ. Themes Addressing Concerns : Alma addresses Corianton's questions about the resurrection. Central Doctrine : Emphasizes the resurrection as a key gospel principle. Verses 3-6: The State of the Soul Between Death and Resurrection 3. Paradise and Spirit Prison : Alma explains that after death, the spirits of the righteous are received into a state of happiness called paradise, while the spirits of the wicked are consigned to a state of darkness. 4. Restoration : Alma describes the period between death and resurrection as a time of rest and waiting. 5. Understanding : Alma acknowledges that there is more to learn about the resurrection and the state of the soul. 6. Mysteries of God : Alma admits that some aspects of the resurrection and the state of the soul are mysteries known only to God. Themes State of the Soul : Describes the condition of the soul between death and resurrection. Paradise and Spirit Prison : Differentiates between the state of the righteous and the wicked. Mysteries : Acknowledges the mysteries and the need for faith in God's plan. Verses 7-14: The Resurrection and the First Resurrection 7. Timing of the Resurrection : Alma discusses the timing of the resurrection, stating that all will be resurrected but at different times. 8. First Resurrection : Explains that the first resurrection began with Christ’s resurrection and includes the righteous up to His coming. 9. Order of Resurrection : Alma clarifies that the resurrection happens in stages according to the righteousness of individuals. 10. Universal Resurrection : Emphasizes that all will be resurrected, both the just and the unjust. 11. State of the Righteous : Describes the joy and rest of the righteous spirits in paradise. 12. State of the Wicked : Describes the sorrow and darkness of the wicked spirits in prison. 13. Intermediate State : Alma clarifies that this intermediate state is not the final judgment but a temporary condition. 14. Purpose of Resurrection : Alma emphasizes the importance of resurrection for the fulfillment of God's plan. Themes Stages of Resurrection : Describes the stages and order of the resurrection. Righteous and Wicked : Differentiates the states of the righteous and wicked spirits. Universal Resurrection : Reaffirms that all will be resurrected. Why Was Corianton So Concerned About The Resurrection? What Does the Book of Mormon Teach about the Afterlife? What Unique Doctrines Did the Lord Reveal through the Book of Mormon? Verses 15-23: Judgment and the Eternal Nature of the Soul   Proper and Perfect Frame  -Oaks 15. Final J udgment : Alma explains that after the resurrection comes the final judgment, where all will be judged according to their works. 16. Eternal Nature : Emphasizes that the soul is eternal and will continue to exist after the resurrection and judgment. 17. Restoration to Perfect Form : Alma teaches that the resurrection will restore individuals to their perfect form. 18. Incorruptible State : Explains that the resurrected body will be incorruptible, never to die again. 19. Righteousness Rewarded : The righteous will receive their reward in eternal happiness. 20. Wickedness Punished : The wicked will face eternal punishment and separation from God. 21. State of the Soul : Alma further explains that the spirit world is a place of learning and preparation. 22. Prophecies of Resurrection : Alma references the prophecies that have foretold the resurrection. 23. Confirmation of Truth : Alma confirms the truth of these doctrines based on his knowledge and fait Themes Final Judgment : Emphasizes the final judgment following the resurrection. Eternal Soul : Reiterates the eternal nature of the soul. Restoration and Incorruptibility : Describes the perfect and incorruptible state of the resurrected body. Rewards and Punishments : Differentiates the eternal outcomes for the righteous and wicked. Why Did Alma Draw on the Teachings of Abinadi? Verses 24-26: Conclusion and Exhortation 24. Resurrection of All : Alma reiterates that all shall be resurrected and stand before God. 25. Equality in Resurrection : Both the righteous and the wicked will be resurrected and judged. 26. Call to Prepare : Alma concludes by urging Corianton to prepare for these eternal realities and live righteously. Themes Universal Resurrection : Reiterates that all will be resurrected and judged. Preparation for Eternity : Emphasizes the importance of preparing for the final judgment. Overview Alma 41 In Alma 41, Alma the Younger continues his counsel to his son Corianton, focusing on the principles of restoration and justice. Alma explains that in the resurrection, everyone will be restored to their proper state based on their actions and desires in mortality. This chapter emphasizes themes of justice, restoration, and the eternal consequences of our choices. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Wickedness and Happiness : The incompatibility of wickedness with true happiness. Train Up a Child Need for Repentance : Emphasizes repentance to achieve a positive restoration. Repentance and Change : Reflect on personal experiences of repentance and change, and their impact on one's life. Living Righteously : Encourages readers to make righteous choices in mortality to secure a positive restoration. Understanding Divine Justice : Helps readers understand the fairness and justice of God’s plan. Embracing Repentance : Stresses the importance of repentance to align one’s desires and actions with God’s will. Seeking Eternal Happiness : Invites readers to seek true happiness that comes from living in accordance with God’s plan. Doctrine of Restoration : Compare and contrast the doctrine of restoration with similar concepts in other religious traditions. Restoration: A Theological Poem in the Book of Mormon Justice and Mercy : Explore the balance of justice and mercy in various theological frameworks. Literary & Linguistic Observations:   Notes and Communications: Alma's Use of State in the Book of Mormon: Evidence of Multiple Authorship Alma’s Use of State in the Book of Mormon Book of Mormon Citations in General Conference Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Alma 41 Verses 1-4: Introduction to the Doctrine of Restoration Introduction : Alma introduces the concept of restoration to Corianton. Misunderstanding Corrected : Alma corrects any misunderstanding Corianton may have about the doctrine of restoration. Restoration Defined : Alma defines restoration as being brought back into the presence of God and receiving according to one's works. Restoration and Righteousness : Alma emphasizes that restoration brings back good for good and evil for evil. Themes Restoration : Introduction and definition of the doctrine of restoration. Correction of Misunderstanding : Alma clarifies the true meaning of restoration. Justice and Works : Emphasizes the relationship between one's works and their restoration. Why and How Did Alma Explain the Meaning of the Word "Restoration"? Verses 5-8: The Nature of Restoration 5. Desires and Actions : Alma explains that individuals will be restored based on their desires and actions in mortality. 6. Eternal Law : The law of restoration is an eternal law decreed by God. 7. Good and Evil : Alma reiterates that good will be restored to good and evil to evil. 8. Justice of God : Emphasizes that God’s justice ensures that everyone receives according to their works and desires. Themes Desires and Actions : Restoration is based on both desires and actions. Eternal Law : The doctrine of restoration as an eternal law of God. Good and Evil : The clear distinction in restoration based on moral choices. Divine Justice : The fairness and justice of God in the restoration process. Verses 9-10: The Consequences of Sin and the Importance of Repentance 9. Wickedness and Happiness : Alma teaches that wickedness never was happiness. 10. Repentance and Restoration : Encourages Corianton to repent to be restored to righteousness. Themes Wickedness and Happiness : The incompatibility of wickedness with true happiness. Need for Repentance : Emphasizes repentance to achieve a positive restoration. Why Can Wickedness Never Bring Happiness? Verses 11-13: The Plan of Happiness Plan of Salvation 11. Eternal Nature of Happiness : Alma explains that true happiness is eternal and comes from God. 12. Purpose of the Plan : The plan of salvation is designed to bring eternal happiness. 13. Choice and Consequences : Alma underscores the importance of making righteous choices to achieve eternal happiness. Themes Eternal Happiness : True happiness is eternal and comes from God. Plan of Salvation : The purpose of God’s plan is to bring eternal happiness. Choices and Consequences : The importance of making righteous choices. Verses 14-15: Exhortation to Do Good 14. Restoration of Good and Evil : Alma reiterates that good will be restored to good and evil to evil. 15. Call t o Do Good : Encourages Corianton to do good continually to ensure a righteous restoration. Themes Restoration Principle : The principle that good is restored to good and evil to evil. Encouragement to Righteousness : Alma’s call to continually do good. Verses 16-17: Alma’s Conclusion on Restoration 16. Final Ex planation : Alma concludes his explanation of the doctrine of restoration. 17. Importance of Understanding : Stresses the importance of understanding this doctrine to live righteously. Themes Conclusion on Restoration : Alma wraps up his explanation of restoration. Importance of Doctrine : Understanding restoration is crucial for righteous living. Overview Alma 42 In Alma 42, Alma the Younger concludes his counsel to his son Corianton by discussing the doctrines of justice, mercy, and the Atonement. Alma explains the necessity of the Fall, the role of law in God's plan, and how the Atonement of Jesus Christ satisfies the demands of both justice and mercy. This chapter emphasizes themes of repentance, forgiveness, and the interplay between justice and mercy. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Judgment : Preparing for the final judgment. Righteous Living : The necessity of living according to God’s commandments. A Nephite's Commandments to His Sons - III. Corianton II-Concluded Trust in God : Encouragement to trust in God’s plan and His attributes of justice and mercy. The Atonement of Jesus Christ: 2 Nephi 9 Understanding Justice and Mercy : Encourages readers to understand the balance of justice and mercy in God’s plan. The Law of Justice and the Law of Mercy Embracing the Atonement : Stresses the importance of embracing the Atonement of Jesus Christ. Living Righteously : Invites readers to live righteously and repent of their sins. Trusting God’s Plan : Encourages trust in God’s justice, mercy, and overall plan for salvation. Agency and Choice : The role of agency in determining our eternal destiny. Agency and Responsibility : Reflect on the importance of agency and personal responsibility. Repentance and Forgiveness : Consider the process and importance of repentance and forgiveness in personal and communal contexts. Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Alma 42 Verses 1-4: The Fall and the State of Humankind Introduction : Alma continues addressing Corianton’s concerns about the justice of God. The Fall of Adam and Eve : Alma explains the Fall and its consequences for humankind. State of Mortality : Describes how mortality came about as a result of the Fall. Probationary State : Alma emphasizes that mortality is a probationary state to prepare for eternity. Themes The Fall : Explanation of the Fall of Adam and Eve and its consequences. Mortality : The nature of mortality as a result of the Fall. Probationary State : Mortality as a time to prepare for eternal life. Verses 5-9: The Role of Law and Justice 5. Law Given to Humanity : Alma explains that God gave laws to humanity to guide their actions. 6. Law and Punishment : The law brings knowledge of good and evil and establishes consequences for sin. 7. Justice and the Law : Alma teaches that justice demands punishment for sin. 8. Mercy and Repentance : Explains that mercy can only come through repentance. 9. Balance of Justice and Mercy : Alma highlights the balance between justice and mercy in God’s plan. Themes Law and Guidance : The role of divine law in guiding human actions. Justice : The necessity of justice in God's plan. Mercy : Mercy as a function of repentance and the Atonement. Balance : The balance between justice and mercy. Verses 10-14: The Need for the Atonement 10. Separation from God : Sin causes a separation from God, necessitating an Atonement. 11. Inability to Return Alone : Humanity cannot return to God on their own due to the demands of justice. 12. The Role of Jesus Christ : The Atonement of Jesus Christ satisfies the demands of justice. 13. Mercy through the Atonement : Through Christ’s Atonement, mercy is extended to all who repent. 14. Invitation to Repentance : Alma invites Corianton to repent and accept the mercy offered through Christ. Themes Separation and Atonement : The need for an Atonement to bridge the gap caused by sin. Role of Christ : Jesus Christ as the key to satisfying justice and offering mercy. Mercy through Repentance : The path to mercy through the Atonement and repentance. Call to Repentance : Invitation to embrace repentance. Why Does Alma Mention “the Plan” Ten Times in His Words to Corianton? Verses 15-18: The Plan of Salvation and Agency 15. Plan of Salvation : Alma reiterates the components of the plan of salvation, emphasizing justice, mercy, and the Atonement. 16. Role of Agency : The importance of agency in choosing to follow God’s commandments. 17. Eternal Consequences : The eternal consequences of our choices in mortality. 18. Purpose of Life : Alma underscores the purpose of life as a time to prepare to meet God. Themes Plan of Salvation : Overview of the plan of salvation. Agency : The critical role of agency in God’s plan. Consequences : Eternal consequences of our mortal choices. Why Are There So Many Different Names for the Plan of Salvation? Verses 19-23: Alma’s Exhortation to Corianton Gradation 19. Call to Action : Alma urges Corianton to take action based on the principles taught. 20. Repentance and Faith : Emphasizes the need for repentance and faith in Jesus Christ. 21. Avoiding Sin : Alma counsels Corianton to avoid sin and live righteously. 22. Seeking Forgiveness : Encourages Corianton to seek forgiveness through the Atonement. 23. Final B lessing : Alma gives Corianton a final blessing, expressing hope for his future. Themes Call to Action : Encouragement to act on the principles taught. Repentance and Faith : The importance of repentance and faith in Christ. Avoiding Sin : Counsel to avoid sin and pursue righteousness. Seeking Forgiveness : Invitation to seek forgiveness through Christ. Blessing : Alma’s final blessing and expression of hope. How Are Atonement, Resurrection, Judgment, and Redemption Interconnected? Church Videos & Resources Alma-Helaman Talks and References This Month in Come Follow Me Games, Stories, & Activities for Kids Book of Mormon Videos Images, Alma 36–42 Alma the Younger Counseling His Son  by Darrell Thomas Scripture Central Study Guide . The study guide with the Reading Plan is now up under the Scripture Central Podcast Materials BYU’s RSC How to Be Reclaimed from the Fall of Adam The Law of Justice and the Law of Mercy A New Meaning of “Restoration”: The Book of Mormon on Life after Death Books   The Book of Mormon Made Easier Set, With Included Chronological Map (Gospel Study) The Annotated Book of Mormon Beholding the Tree of Life: A Rabbinic Approach to the Book of Mormon Gathered in One: How the Book of Mormon Counters Anti-Semitism in the New Testament Feasts and Festivals of the Messiah (Preparing for and Worshipping in the Latter-day Saint Temple: Understanding Symbolism, Promises, Learnings & Covenants) Passover Seder Script Days of Awe: Jewish Holy Days, Symbols and Prophecies for Latter-day Saints

CFM : October 14–20 3 Nephi 20–26  Videos, Podcasts, & Weekly Lesson Material Media ​Lesson Extension Scripture Central 3 Nephi 20–26 Scripture Study Insights Insights with Taylor and Tyler: Revisited 3 Nephi 1-7. Scripture Insights Come, Follow Me with John Hilton III (3 Nephi 20-26) Study Guide Follow Him 3 Nephi 20–26 3 Nephi 12-16 Part 1 • Dr. Ross Baron 3 Nephi 12-16 Part 2 • Dr. Ross Baron Transcripts Line Upon Line 3 Nephi 20–26 Teaching with Power 3 Nephi 20–26 ​ Teaching Bundle for Book of Mormon, available on Etsy. Don't Miss This 3 Nephi 20–26 Book of Mormon Matters with John W. Welch and Lynne Hilton Wilson 3 Nephi 20–26 John W. Welch Notes ​Unshaken 3 Nephi 20–26 Extended Version ​The Interpreter Foundation 3 Nephi 20–26 ​Commentary by John Claybaugh ​Scripture Gems 3 Nephi 20–26 Book of Mormon Map Come Follow Up 3 Nephi 20–26 The Scriptures Are Real 3 Nephi 20–26 Latter Day Kids 3 Nephi 20–26 Abigail and the Toy Kitty Scripture Explorers 3 Nephi 20–26 Jesus Teaches Isaiah To The Nephites Gospel for Kids 3 Nephi 20–26 Jesus Visits the Nephites Jesus Blesses the Children Jesus Shares the Sacrament How to Create a Door Hanger Bunny | We Can Share ​Talking Scripture 3 Nephi 20–26  ( Show Notes ) Book of Mormon Minute, Brant A. Gardner Volume 4: Helaman-Moroni 3 Nephi 20 3 Nephi 21 3 Nephi 22 3 Nephi 23 3 Nephi 24 3 Nephi 25 3 Nephi 26 Saving Talents: Devotionals & FHE for Children 3 Nephi 20–26 Grounded with Barbara Morgan 3 Nephi 20–26 Our Mothers Knew It 3 Nephi 20–26 ( Object Lesson ) Hurricane Utah Adult Religion Class , Book of Mormon Jesus Christ's Ministry Among the People of Nephi Video Notes Slides Resources and Insights for this Week's Lesson   The Book of Mormon: A Cultural and Religious Dialogue What Does It Mean to Be a Child of the Covenant? To be a child of the covenant  means to be part of God's covenant people, those with whom He has made sacred promises and agreements. This identity carries responsibilities and blessings that come from following God's laws and participating in His work. The covenant establishes a relationship between God and His people, where they agree to keep His commandments and, in return, receive divine protection, guidance, and eternal blessings. What Is the Covenant? The covenant  refers to the sacred agreement God made with His people, which has evolved through different dispensations: Ancient Covenant:  Initiated with Abraham  and passed down through Isaac  and Jacob  (Israel), the covenant promised that Abraham’s descendants would become a great nation, be given the land of Canaan, and be a blessing to all nations (Genesis 12:1-3, 17:7-8). God promised to bless them, make them a holy people, and that through them, all the earth would be blessed. Mosaic Covenant:  At the time of Moses , the covenant expanded. After delivering Israel from Egypt, God gave the Law of Moses  at Mount Sinai (Exodus 19-20), where He outlined laws the people were to follow. In exchange for obedience, Israel would be His treasured possession, a kingdom of priests, and a holy nation (Exodus 19:5-6). New Covenant  through Jesus Christ : In the New Testament, Jesus fulfilled the law of Moses and established a new covenant  through His Atonement (Matthew 26:28, Luke 22:20). This covenant extends beyond the nation of Israel, inviting all who come unto Christ to be spiritually adopted into the house of Israel (Galatians 3:29). Through faith in Christ, repentance, baptism, and receiving the Holy Ghost, people can become heirs of eternal life. Interpretation of the Covenant Through the Ages At the Time of Moses: The covenant was primarily national and physical. God’s promises were tied to the land of Canaan and the temporal prosperity of the nation of Israel. The Law of Moses served as the covenant’s legal framework, and obedience to it was essential for receiving God’s blessings. The covenant emphasized ritual purity, sacrifices, and living as a separate and holy people (Exodus 19-24). At the Time of Jesus Christ: Jesus transformed the covenant by fulfilling the Law of Moses and establishing a spiritual covenant. The focus shifted from external laws to internal conversion, faith, and discipleship (Matthew 5:17, Romans 10:4). Jesus’ life, death, and resurrection opened the covenant to all nations, fulfilling the promise that Abraham’s seed would bless the whole earth (Galatians 3:14-16). The covenant became more about a personal relationship with God, repentance, and the promise of eternal life through Christ. In Modern Times: Today, being a child of the covenant means participating in the Restoration of the gospel  and preparing for the Second Coming of Christ. Through temple ordinances, such as sealing families together, members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints are connected to their ancestors and descendants, fulfilling the prophecy of Elijah’s return (Malachi 4:5-6; 3 Nephi 25:5-6 ). Modern covenants include baptism, the gift of the Holy Ghost, and temple covenants, which involve promises of obedience, sacrifice, chastity, and consecration. Specific Covenants and Blessings Covenants: Baptism : Entry into the covenant community, promising to follow Jesus, take upon His name, and keep His commandments (Mosiah 18:8-10). The Gift of the Holy Ghost : A promise of guidance, comfort, and sanctification for those who remain faithful (Acts 2:38; 2 Nephi 31:17-18). Temple Ordinances : Sealing families for eternity and receiving further covenants of obedience, sacrifice, and service, which bind individuals to God and their families for eternity. Blessings: Spiritual Protection : God promises His Spirit to those who remain faithful, giving them guidance and protection (D&C 84:88). Eternal Life : The ultimate blessing of the covenant is exaltation and eternal life in the presence of God (D&C 14:7). Inheritance of Israel : Being part of the covenant makes one an heir to the promises given to Abraham and Israel, including receiving the fulness of the gospel and being part of the gathering of Israel (Galatians 3:29; 3 Nephi 20-21). Continuing the Work through Living Ordinances  and Continuous Priesthood Authority The modern connection to the covenant through living ordinances  and continuous priesthood authority  is vital for the fulfillment of the ancient covenant promises and blessings because it ensures that the covenant remains active, accessible, and fully operational in our time. This connection preserves the integrity of the promises made to Abraham, Moses, and Israel, while also ensuring that individuals today can partake in those eternal blessings. Here's why this is crucial: 1. Priesthood Authority Ensures the Validity of Ordinances The covenants made anciently with figures like Abraham and Moses were ratified by God through priesthood authority. In order for those covenants and promises to be realized in the modern day, the same authority  is needed to administer the sacred ordinances. Without the proper authority, the ordinances would lack the divine approval necessary to bind individuals to God. Priesthood Keys : Modern priesthood authority ensures that ordinances like baptism, temple sealings, and the sacrament are performed with the authority that God recognizes, making the covenants binding in heaven and on earth (Matthew 16:19). This was restored through Joseph Smith  when he received the priesthood from ancient prophets like John the Baptist  (for the Aaronic Priesthood) and Peter, James, and John  (for the Melchizedek Priesthood). Temple Ordinances : The temple endowment  and sealing  ordinances, made possible by priesthood keys, are essential for the fulfillment of the promises made to Abraham about his posterity being blessed and expanding eternally (Genesis 22:17-18; D&C 132:19-20). 2. Ordinances Establish and Renew the Covenant Living ordinances—such as baptism , the gift of the Holy Ghost , and temple covenants —are the mechanisms through which individuals enter into or renew their covenant relationship with God. These ordinances are necessary for making the covenant personal and current for each generation. Baptism : This ordinance introduces individuals into the covenant by washing away sins and making them part of God's people. It is the first step in receiving the full blessings of the covenant (2 Nephi 31:17-18). Without priesthood authority, this ordinance would lack the divine sanction needed to bind the person to God’s eternal family. Sacrament : The weekly renewal of baptismal covenants through the sacrament helps individuals maintain their covenant relationship with God. The sacrament is performed by those holding the proper priesthood authority, ensuring that the covenant is continuously renewed (D&C 20:75-79). 3. Sealing Power and Family Connections A key aspect of the ancient covenant promises, especially those made to Abraham , is the eternal nature of the family. Modern temple ordinances allow families to be sealed together for eternity, fulfilling the prophecy that Abraham’s posterity would be numerous and that all nations would be blessed through his lineage (Genesis 17:4-5). This requires the sealing power , which was restored by Elijah  in fulfillment of Malachi 4:5-6 . Elijah’s Return : The restoration of the sealing keys in modern times (as recorded in D&C 110) is essential for binding families across generations. Without the sealing ordinances, the covenant promises of eternal families and an eternal increase would remain unfulfilled. Eternal Families : The sealing of families in the temple directly fulfills God’s promise to Abraham that his descendants would be as numerous as the stars (Abraham 2:9-11). Temple work, which includes sealings, ensures that these covenant blessings extend to all generations, fulfilling the prophecy of turning the hearts of the fathers to the children. 4. Gathering of Israel The gathering of Israel  is a central promise of the covenant made with ancient Israel, and it is being fulfilled today through the work of missionaries and temple ordinances. The gathering  involves bringing both the living and the dead into the fold of God’s covenant through the preaching of the gospel and the performance of ordinances for the dead. Temple Work for the Dead : The ability to perform ordinances for the dead, such as baptisms, ensures that all of God's children, regardless of when they lived, have the opportunity to enter into the covenant (1 Peter 4:6; D&C 138). The fulfillment of the promise made to Abraham that all nations would be blessed through his seed is made possible by this ongoing temple work. Missionary Work : Modern missionary efforts fulfill the covenant promise of gathering Israel (3 Nephi 20:29-31). The continuous priesthood authority ensures that the work is done under God’s direction and that those who enter the covenant through baptism are properly incorporated into the family of Israel. Conclusion: Being a child of the covenant  carries deep meaning. It reflects an identity connected to ancient promises made to Abraham, reaffirmed through Moses, and fulfilled through Jesus Christ. It also emphasizes a modern-day responsibility to participate in the gathering of Israel, engage in temple work, and live according to the principles of the gospel. The covenant relationship between God and His people ensures that through faithfulness, individuals receive divine blessings, including the promise of eternal life. Additional Resources: FAIR Study Resources for Come, Follow Me Interpreter Radio: The Book of Mormon in Context Lesson 42 Nibley Book of Mormon Lectures: Come, Follow Me Lesson 42 Come, Follow Me  Study and Teaching Helps — Lesson 40: 3 Nephi 20-26 Audio Roundtable: Come, Follow Me Book of Mormon Lesson 40 (3 Nephi 20-26) “If Ye Believe on His Name”: Wordplay on the Name Samuel in Helaman 14:2, 12–13 and 3 Nephi 23:9 and the Doctrine of Christ in Samuel’s Speech “That They Might Come Again unto the Remnant of the House of Jacob”: Onomastic Allusions to Joseph in 3 Nephi 26:8–10 and 4 Nephi 1:49 “The Messenger of Salvation”: The Messenger-Message Christology of D&C 93:8 and Its Implications for Latter-day Saint Missionary Work and Temple Worship Labor Diligently to Write: The Ancient Making of a Modern Scripture — Chapter 16: 3 Nephi ChaptersIX-XII (19-27) Messengers of the Covenant: Mormon’s Doctrinal Use of Malachi 3:1 in Moroni 7:29–32 The Changing Forms of the Latter-day Saint Sacrament Interpreting Interpreter: Ich Bin Ein Malachi Interpreting Interpreter: That They Might Come Again Scripture Roundtable: Book of Mormon Gospel Doctrine Lesson 40, “Then Will I Gather Them In” Scripture Roundtable: Book of Mormon Gospel Doctrine Lesson 41, “He Did Expound All Things unto Them” Scripture Roundtable: Book of Mormon Gospel Doctrine Lesson 40, “Then Will I Gather Them In” (2012) Scripture Roundtable: Book of Mormon Gospel Doctrine Lesson 39, “Behold, My Joy Is Full” (2012) Overview 3 Nephi 20 In 3 Nephi 20 , after administering the sacrament again to the Nephites, Jesus teaches them further about His role in fulfilling prophecy, the gathering of Israel, and the covenant promises made to their forefathers. He emphasizes the future restoration of the gospel and the gathering of Israel in the last days. This chapter provides significant teachings on the scattering and gathering of Israel, the role of the Gentiles in this process, and the ultimate fulfillment of God's covenant with His people. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: The Temple & Covenant: 3 Nephi 20, A Review of the Israelite Temple Drama Jesus’ Covenant Teachings in Third Nephi The Doctrine of a Covenant People This is My Gospel The Doctrine of a Covenant People Book of Mormon Treasury Citations of the Word "Covenant" The Sacrament: The Changing Forms of the Latter-day Saint Sacrament The Gathering of Israel: Central to Jesus’ teachings in this chapter is the promise of the gathering of Israel in the last days. The house of Israel, which was scattered due to unbelief, will be brought back both physically and spiritually through the gospel of Jesus Christ. Questions and Answers - Gathering of the Jews Role of the Gentiles: The Gentiles play a significant role in the restoration of the gospel and the gathering of Israel. While they are blessed with the fullness of the gospel, Jesus warns of the consequences if they reject it. The faithful Gentiles, however, will assist in the gathering of Israel and be part of the covenant people. Gentiles in the Book of Mormon Fulfillment of Prophecy: Jesus repeatedly references the Old Testament prophecies, particularly from Isaiah and Moses, showing that His mission and the gathering of Israel have been foretold for generations. His coming fulfills these ancient prophecies, and the work of gathering Israel is part of this fulfillment. The Book of Mormon, Designed for Our Day: Annual FARMS Lecture Jesus as the Prophet Like unto Moses: Jesus identifies Himself as the prophet prophesied by Moses, the ultimate deliverer who would redeem Israel and bring salvation to the world. His mission transcends the law of Moses, establishing a new covenant through His atonement. Deuteronomy 18:15-19  refers to the prophecy of a prophet like unto Moses, which Jesus fulfills. Acts 3:22-23  cites the prophecy of Moses concerning Christ, showing that early Christian leaders recognized Jesus as the fulfillment of this prophecy.. Spiritual and Physical Gathering: The gathering of Israel is not just a physical return to the lands of their inheritance but also a spiritual gathering to the truth of the gospel. This gathering is a significant part of God’s plan for the latter days. Linguistic and Literary Observations: Pattern and Purpose of the Isaiah Commentaries in the Book of Mormon Christ’s Interpretation of Isaiah 52’s ‘My Servant’ in 3 Nephi Old Testament Passages Quoted by Jesus Christ in 3 Nephi Isaiah Passages Listed by Book of Mormon Reference Isaiah Passages Listed by Isaiah Reference Where Does the Name Nauvoo Come From? Cultural Insights: Christ in America Timeline What Would Jesus Do? (3 Nephi 11-28) Active Learning and the Savior's Nephite Ministry Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources 3 Nephi 20 Jesus Christ Explains How He Will Gather Israel | 3 Nephi 20–23 Verses 1-9: Jesus Administers the Sacrament Again Come, Follow Me with Taylor Halverson (3 Nephi 20–26) The Sacrament Renewal of the Sacrament: Jesus instructs the Nephites to bring bread and wine, and He once again administers the sacrament to them. Significance of the Sacrament:  As in 3 Nephi 18, Jesus uses the sacrament to renew covenants and emphasize the need to remember His atonement. Filled with the Spirit:  The Nephites, after partaking of the sacrament, are filled with the Holy Ghost, further strengthening their faith and unity. Partake of the Sacrament -Elder Oaks Verses 10-12: The Gathering of Israel Foretold Jesus Expounds the Scriptures: Jesus begins to explain prophecies from the scriptures concerning the gathering of Israel. Covenant with the House of Israel:  He reminds the Nephites that they are part of the house of Israel, and that the covenant made with their forefathers (Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob) will be fulfilled in the latter days. Prophecies of Gathering:  Jesus speaks of the promises made by Isaiah, emphasizing that Israel will be gathered once again and that this gathering is part of God's divine plan. Hebrew word : קיבוץ  ( Qibbutz ) — "Gathering" or "assembling," from root קבץ In the Hebrew scriptures, the concept of "gathering" is significant, particularly in the prophetic books. The idea of gathering ( qibbutz ) has spiritual connotations in terms of God reuniting His people, not just physically but spiritually, under His covenant. The deeper meaning often involves restoring divine relationships and promises. Expounding upon this : In studying the Hebrew concept of "gathering," one can explore how it ties to covenant renewal and the restoration of righteousness among God’s people. This has ties to prophecies from Isaiah and other Old Testament prophets about the end times. Isaiah 52:8-10  and Isaiah 54:7-10  prophesy about the redemption and gathering of Israel, paralleling Jesus’ teachings in this chapter. Matthew 24:31  speaks of the gathering of the elect from the four corners of the earth, which aligns with Jesus' teachings about the gathering of Israel. D&C 45:25-30  speaks of the last days and the gathering of Israel, reinforcing Jesus' prophecies in 3 Nephi 20. D&C 133:7-13  discusses the gathering of the scattered remnants of Israel and the role of the Gentiles in this process. Verses 13-19: The Role of the Gentiles The Gentiles Receive the Gospel: Jesus prophesies that in the last days, the Gentiles will receive the fullness of the gospel through His disciples. This marks the beginning of the Gentiles’ role in the restoration of the gospel. Warning to the Gentiles:  Jesus warns that if the Gentiles reject the gospel after receiving it, they will be cut off, and the covenant will return to the house of Israel. Gentiles and the Covenant:  If the Gentiles repent and are faithful, they will be counted among the covenant people of Israel. Jesus emphasizes that the Gentiles can be grafted into the house of Israel through their acceptance of the gospel. Verses 20-22: The Scattering of Israel Scattering as a Result of Unbelief: Jesus explains that the house of Israel was scattered because of their unbelief and rejection of the prophets. This scattering is seen as part of God's plan to eventually gather them back in the last days. Prophecies of Scattering:  He quotes from the prophets, particularly Isaiah and Micah, to show that the scattering of Israel was foretold long ago. Verses 23-27: The Role of Christ as the Fulfillment of Prophecy Jesus Fulfills Moses’ Prophecy: Jesus declares that He is the prophet like unto Moses, as prophesied in Deuteronomy 18:15 . He is the promised Messiah who would lead and redeem His people. The New Law:  The people are now commanded to hear Christ and obey His teachings, which fulfill and transcend the law of Moses. Blessings of the Covenant:  Through Christ, all nations of the earth will be blessed, fulfilling the promise made to Abraham. Why Did Jesus Mix Together Micah and Isaiah? Isaiah/Micah in 3 Nephi How Can We Receive the Blessings of the Abrahamic Covenant? Who Is the Seed of Abraham? - Pres. Faust “Covenant” (3 Nephi 20:25, 27) Hebrew word: ברית  ( Berit ) — "Covenant" or "agreement" The concept of berit  (covenant) in the Hebrew Bible refers to a sacred agreement or bond between God and His people. Covenants in the Old Testament were often accompanied by promises of blessings contingent upon faithfulness and obedience. Expounding upon this: The covenant made with Abraham and reaffirmed throughout scripture is key to understanding the relationship between God and Israel. A study of berit  in Hebrew emphasizes the enduring nature of these promises and the obligations on both sides of the covenant. Jesus, in 3 Nephi 20, reaffirms these ancient promises to the Nephites, positioning them as heirs of the Abrahamic covenant. "Blessed through thy seed” (3 Nephi 20:25) Hebrew word: זרע  ( Zera ) — " Seed " or "offspring" This word is central to the Abrahamic covenant, referring not just to physical descendants but also to spiritual heirs. The Hebrew term zera  can imply both literal posterity and a broader metaphorical sense of legacy or continuity in the faith. Expounding upon this : Looking into the use of zera  in the Old Testament (such as in Genesis 12:3 and 22:18), we see that the "seed" of Abraham encompasses not just biological descendants but also those who are brought into the covenant through adoption and faith. Studying the Hebrew usage highlights the expansive nature of this blessing, fulfilling God’s promises through generations. Verses 28-31: The Gathering of Israel in the Last Days Israel Will Be Gathered Again: Jesus reiterates that the house of Israel will be gathered in the last days. The gathering will include all the tribes of Israel, and they will come to know Christ as their Savior. Significance of the Gathering:  The gathering of Israel is not just a physical return to the lands of inheritance, but a spiritual gathering as well, where the people will accept Christ and live His gospel. “Fathers” and “Children” (3 Nephi 20:29, 46) Hebrew word for Fathers : אבות  ( Avot ) — " Fathers " or "ancestors" Hebrew word for Children : בנים  ( Banim ) — "Sons" or " children " These terms are closely tied to genealogical and spiritual heritage in Hebrew. Avot  often refers not just to biological fathers but to ancestors in a spiritual sense, like Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, while banim  represents posterity both in terms of physical descent and covenantal responsibility. Expounding upon this : Studying these terms in Hebrew can help us understand the deep generational and covenantal connections between the patriarchs of Israel and their descendants. This ties into themes of restoration and the gathering of Israel in the last days, fulfilling promises made to the "fathers" through their "children." Verses 32-34: The Gentiles' Role in the Gathering Gentiles Will Assist in the Gathering: The Gentiles, who have received the gospel, will play a role in bringing the scattered remnants of Israel back to the knowledge of Christ. Gentile Apostasy and Redemption:  Jesus warns that if the Gentiles fall into apostasy, they will be removed from their place. However, those Gentiles who repent will help fulfill the work of gathering Israel. How Did Christ Use the Nephite Prophetic Worldview? Verses 35-38: Isaiah’s Prophecy of the Last Days Quoting Isaiah: Jesus quotes Isaiah, prophesying about the redemption of Israel in the last days. The words of Isaiah are emphasized as crucial to understanding the future gathering and redemption of Israel. Isaiah’s Relevance:  The teachings of Isaiah are shown to be highly relevant to the Nephites and all future generations, as they outline the path of Israel’s redemption and the coming of the Messiah. Verses 39-46: Promises to the House of Israel Israel Will Inherit the Promises: Jesus reassures the Nephites that all the promises made to their forefathers will be fulfilled. This includes the physical gathering of Israel to their lands of inheritance and the spiritual gathering to Christ’s gospel. Joy of the Redeemed:  The gathering of Israel will be a time of great rejoicing, as the people of Israel will come to recognize their true identity and place in God’s plan. Christ as the Central Figure:  Jesus emphasizes that He is the key to the fulfillment of all these promises. Through Him, the covenant with Israel will be realized, and through Him, all nations will be blessed. “Salvation” (3 Nephi 20:40) Hebrew word: ישע  ( Yasha ) — " Salvation " or "deliverance" The word yesha  is the root for the name Yeshua, which is the Hebrew name for Jesus. It carries the meaning of deliverance, rescue, or salvation from danger or oppression. It is often used in the Old Testament to describe God's intervention in saving His people from physical and spiritual bondage. Expounding upon this: The Hebrew understanding of yesha  can provide deeper insight into how the Nephites would have understood Christ's role as their deliverer. The idea of Jesus as the ultimate "Yeshua" connects to the ancient expectations of a savior who would rescue Israel and fulfill the covenant promises of salvation. “Marred” (3 Nephi 20:44) Hebrew word: שחת  ( Shachat ) — "To destroy," "to ruin," or "to mar" The term "marred" in this verse is often connected to Christ’s role as the Suffering Servant (Isaiah 52:14   INT ,   noun form ). In Hebrew, shachat  conveys the idea of destruction or corruption, often in a physical or moral sense. It is used to describe the suffering of the servant who is beaten and disfigured for the sake of others. Expounding upon this : Exploring the Hebrew roots of this word provides insight into the suffering and atonement of Jesus Christ, whose physical and spiritual suffering was necessary to fulfill His mission as the Messiah. By understanding this in Hebrew, we can deepen our appreciation of the redemptive nature of His suffering. 3 Nephi 21 In 3 Nephi 21 , Jesus continues His teachings to the Nephites, focusing on the signs that will accompany the gathering of Israel and the fulfillment of the Father’s covenant with His people. He prophesies about the restoration of the gospel in the last days and the coming forth of the Book of Mormon as a key sign of this gathering. Jesus explains the role of the Gentiles in the latter-day work, the consequences of rejecting the gospel, and the ultimate triumph of Israel. This chapter outlines significant events and promises that will unfold in the last days as part of God’s divine plan. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: The Coming Forth of the Book of Mormon: The Book of Mormon is the key sign that the gathering of Israel has begun. Its restoration through the Gentiles is part of God’s covenant with His people, signaling the commencement of the latter-day work. (See also 2 Nephi 29:7-9) The Role of the Gentiles: The Gentiles play a critical role in the restoration of the gospel and the gathering of Israel. They are given the opportunity to accept the gospel and be grafted into the house of Israel, but if they reject it, they will face severe consequences. The Gathering of Israel: The gathering of Israel is a major theme in this chapter. Jesus emphasizes that the descendants of Jacob will be gathered in the last days, and this gathering will fulfill the covenants made with their forefathers. The establishment of the New Jerusalem will be part of this gathering. (See Isaiah 11:11-12 , John 10:16 The Power of the Covenant: Jesus highlights the importance of the Father’s covenant with Israel. This covenant ensures that Israel will eventually be restored and blessed. The fulfillment of this covenant is central to God’s plan in the last days. The True Points of My Doctrine Judgment on Unrepentant Nations: Jesus warns that nations and people who reject the gospel and fight against the covenant people will face destruction. This judgment will be part of God’s justice in the last days. “Broken” (3 Nephi 21:10) Hebrew word : רָצַץ  ( Ratsatz ) — "To crush," "to break in pieces" The word used in Hebrew for "broken" conveys the idea of something being physically crushed or oppressed. In this passage, it refers to the servant of the Lord who will be "broken" but not destroyed. This could be seen as a reference to Jesus Christ or His servants, who, despite suffering and persecution, will triumph. Expounding upon this : Studying this word in its Hebrew form gives a sense of the intense pressure and suffering that accompany this breaking, yet it carries the hope that divine power will ultimately prevail. New Jerusalem: The prophecy of the New Jerusalem is significant in this chapter. This city will be a place of safety and holiness for the gathered house of Israel, and it will play a key role in the fulfillment of God’s plan for the last days. Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources 3 Nephi 21 The Book of Mormon Gathers Scattered Israel - Pres. Nelsen Verses 1-7: The Sign of the Gathering of Israel “Sign” (3 Nephi 21:1) Greek word : σημεῖον  ( Semeion ) — " Sign " or "miracle" The word semeion  in Greek refers to a supernatural event or a significant indicator of divine intervention. Jesus tells the Nephites that the sign of the beginning of the gathering of Israel will be the coming forth of the Book of Mormon. The Greek understanding of semeion  emphasizes that this is not just a normal event but a clear manifestation of God's power and purpose. Expounding upon this : The idea of a "sign" in biblical language often signals a turning point or fulfillment of a prophecy. In this chapter, the sign Jesus speaks of marks the beginning of a long-foretold period when Israel will be restored. The Sign of the Coming Forth of the Book of Mormon: Jesus gives the Nephites a key sign that the gathering of Israel is about to take place: the coming forth of His gospel to the Gentiles through a sacred record. This refers to the coming forth of the Book of Mormon in the latter days. The Role of the Gentiles:  Jesus explains that the gospel will first go to the Gentiles. The acceptance of the Book of Mormon by the Gentiles will signal the beginning of the fulfillment of the covenant promises to Israel. Restoration of the Gospel:  The coming forth of the Book of Mormon will be a witness that the Father’s work to gather Israel has commenced. “My people” (3 Nephi 21:7, 22) Hebrew word : עמי  ( Ami ) — "My people " In Hebrew, the phrase ami  is a personal term used by God to refer to His covenant people, often Israel. This phrase emphasizes God’s relationship with His people, a bond created through covenants made with patriarchs like Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. Expounding upon this : In 3 Nephi 21, Jesus refers to the Nephites (and by extension, all covenant members) as "my people," reinforcing their identity as heirs of the promises made to Israel. Understanding ami  helps us appreciate the depth of this relationship and the significance of belonging to God's chosen people. Verses 8-11: The Gentiles’ Opportunity to Repent Blessings for the Gentiles Who Receive the Gospel: Jesus promises that the Gentiles who accept the restored gospel will be numbered among the people of the covenant, becoming part of the house of Israel. Consequences for Rejecting the Gospel:  However, if the Gentiles reject the gospel and harden their hearts, they will face destruction. Jesus warns that the Gentiles must not spurn the truth once it is revealed to them. Gentiles as Instruments in God’s Plan:  Jesus highlights that if the Gentiles repent and are faithful, they will be used as instruments in helping to gather Israel and fulfill the covenants made with their forefathers. Who is the Servant Spoken of by Christ? “Fullness of my gospel” (3 Nephi 21:9) Greek word : πλήρωμα  ( Pleroma ) — "Fullness" or " completion " In Greek, the word pleroma  indicates something being brought to its full measure or completeness. When Jesus refers to the "fullness of my gospel." In Hebrew this word it Tamim, which is where the word thummim  was derived. Jesus speaks of the restored gospel being fully revealed, with all doctrines and ordinances available to bless humanity. Expounding upon this : Understanding pleroma  underscores the idea that the restored gospel, including temple work, priesthood authority, and the Book of Mormon, represents the complete and final dispensation of the gospel, bringing together all previous revelations. Verses 12-13: The Power of the Covenant People Israel’s Strength in the Last Days: Jesus prophesies that the remnant of Israel, after being gathered, will become a powerful force. They will tread down their enemies as lions among flocks of sheep. Deliverance of Israel:  The house of Israel, after enduring much suffering and affliction, will ultimately be delivered by the power of God, and they will triumph over those who oppress them.   “Scatter” and “Gather” (3 Nephi 21:12, 26) Hebrew word  for scatter: פוץ  ( Putz ) — "To scatter, disperse" Hebrew word  for gather: קבץ  ( Qavatz ) — "To gather, collect" The concepts of scattering ( putz ) and gathering ( qavatz ) are central to Israel’s history and future. Scattering refers to the dispersion of Israel due to disobedience, while gathering refers to the promise of bringing them back to their covenant lands and into the covenant relationship with God. Expounding upon this : Exploring the Hebrew roots helps to deepen the understanding of these processes not only as physical but spiritual. The gathering of Israel, both physically (returning to their lands) and spiritually (returning to their faith), is one of the key themes of this chapter, reflecting God’s ultimate plan for His people. Verses 14-17: The Destruction of Unrepentant Nations Judgment on Unrepentant Gentiles: Jesus foretells the destruction that will come upon those Gentiles who reject the gospel and fight against the covenant people of the Lord. Such nations will face severe consequences for their opposition to the truth. God’s Vengeance:  Jesus speaks of a day of vengeance, in which unrepentant nations will be cut off from among His people. The Lord’s justice will be swift against those who persecute His chosen ones. Verses 18-20: The Role of the Father in Fulfilling His Covenant The Father’s Role in the Last Days: Jesus explains that everything He has prophesied is part of the Father’s covenant with the house of Israel. The Father will bring about these events in the last days to fulfill His promises. Divine Mercy and Judgment:  Jesus emphasizes that while God’s mercy is extended to all nations, His justice will prevail if people reject His gospel. The work of gathering Israel is a fulfillment of divine prophecy and covenant. Verses 21-24: The Fulfillment of Prophecy Moses’ Prophecy Fulfilled: Jesus reminds the people that Moses prophesied of a great prophet who would come. Jesus identifies Himself as that prophet, and His coming fulfills that prophecy. Heed the Words of Christ:  Jesus warns that those who do not heed His words will be cut off from among His people. The rejection of the gospel carries serious spiritual consequences. Israel’s Role in the Last Days:  The gathering of Israel will be a significant part of the last days, and the people of Israel will play a major role in spreading the gospel throughout the world. Verses 25-29: The New Jerusalem and the Gathering of Israel See Micah 4:1-2, Ether 13:3-10, D&C 45:66- 71, D&C 84:2-5) Jesus prophesies about the future establishment of the New Jerusalem in the Americas. This city will be a place of peace, holiness, and refuge for the gathered house of Israel. The Gathering of Israel:  The descendants of Jacob will be gathered to this city, fulfilling the promises made to their forefathers. The New Jerusalem will be built by the covenant people as part of God’s grand plan for the last days. Gentiles Help in Building the New Jerusalem:  The Gentiles who accept the gospel will assist in building the New Jerusalem and will be counted among the covenant people. Sign of Gathering “Turn their hearts” (3 Nephi 21:25) Hebrew word : שוב  ( Shuv ) — "To turn, return, or repent " The Hebrew verb shuv  conveys the idea of turning or returning, often in the context of repentance or coming back to God. Jesus refers to the turning of the hearts of the children to the fathers and the fathers to the children, a prophecy often linked to the work of Elijah  and the sealing of families in the latter days (Malachi 4:6). Expounding upon this : In Hebrew, shuv  highlights the importance of both repentance and reconciliation. This concept ties into the work of family history and temple ordinances, where individuals are spiritually united with their ancestors. Verses 30-33: Israel’s Final Triumph Jesus reassures the Nephites that Israel will ultimately prevail. Despite centuries of scattering and suffering, the house of Israel will be restored to their rightful place. The Power of the Covenant:  The Father’s covenant with Israel will be fully realized, and they will inherit the blessings promised to them. The final victory of Israel will be a testament to the fulfillment of God’s promises. A Time of Great Rejoicing:  The gathering of Israel and the establishment of the New Jerusalem will bring about a time of joy and peace, as the covenant people come to know Christ and receive their promised blessings. 3 Nephi 22 In 3 Nephi 22 , Jesus quotes directly from Isaiah 54 INT , expounding on the promises made to Israel regarding their future restoration and the blessings that will come to them as part of God’s covenant. This chapter is full of hope and reassurance for scattered Israel, depicting their eventual gathering, divine protection, and everlasting covenant of peace. It is a prophetic and poetic depiction of Israel’s triumph and redemption in the last days, underlining the Lord’s steadfast love and mercy toward His people. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Isaiah 54  is the direct source of this chapter, which prophesies about the gathering and redemption of Israel. Old Testament Passages Quoted by Jesus Christ in 3 Nephi The Gathering of Israel: The chapter focuses on the theme of Israel’s eventual gathering and restoration, portraying Israel as a woman once barren and forsaken but now returning to glory, fertility, and divine favor. The gathering is both physical and spiritual, marking the fulfillment of God’s promises to His covenant people. Repentance and the Covenant of Peace: Central to this chapter is the Lord’s promise of a covenant of peace with Israel. Despite their past transgressions, God will never forsake Israel permanently. His covenant ensures that His kindness and mercy will endure forever. The Lord's Covenant of Kindness: Isaiah 54 and 3 Nephi 22 Israel as the Bride of the Lord: Isaiah uses the metaphor of Israel as a wife estranged from her husband, the Lord, who has now been taken back with everlasting love and compassion. This image highlights God’s deep, enduring relationship with His people, symbolizing His unfailing commitment to redeem and restore them. Redeeming the Desolate Woman: The Message of Isaiah 54 and 3 Nephi 22 Divine Protection: The Lord promises Israel that they will be protected from their enemies. No weapon formed against them will prosper, and they will be vindicated by the Lord. This protection is the inheritance of the righteous who serve Him faithfully. Future Glory of Zion: The future of Zion is described in glowing, symbolic terms, with its buildings made of precious stones and its people taught by the Lord. Zion represents the ultimate fulfillment of God’s promises to His people, where righteousness, peace, and prosperity reign. The Role of Righteousness: The peace and protection of Israel are directly linked to their righteousness. The Lord emphasizes that Israel’s future success depends on their adherence to His commandments, making righteousness the foundation for their safety and spiritual prosperity. Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources 3 Nephi 22 Isaiah 54 INT Verses 1-3: The Barren Woman Rejoices Why Did Jesus Quote All of Isaiah 54? Israel’s Future Growth: Isaiah’s prophecy begins with an image of a barren woman (representing Israel) being commanded to rejoice because she will have more children than the married wife (symbolizing the nations around her). This metaphor represents the future growth and prosperity of Israel. See Galatians 4:26-27 Enlarge the Tent:  Israel is told to "enlarge the place of thy tent" because their numbers will increase. This signifies that in the last days, Israel will expand and prosper, no longer barren or desolate. Spiritual Gathering:  The gathering of Israel will result in spiritual and physical growth, as scattered Israel will return to their covenant lands and flourish under the Lord’s guidance. Significant Words: Hebrew word: עקרה  ( Aqarah ) — feminine form, "Barren," "infertile" This Hebrew word describes a woman unable to bear children, symbolizing Israel’s spiritual barrenness or inability to prosper. However, the prophecy promises that this state will be reversed. Expounding upon this: In ancient Israel, barrenness was seen as a curse or judgment, but God promises that Israel, despite their current state of desolation, will become fruitful and flourish. This is a metaphor for the gathering and restoration of Israel. Hebrew word for Enlarge: רָחַב  ( Rachav ) — "To broaden," "to extend" Hebrew word for Tent: אהל  ( Ohel ) — "Tent," " tabernacle " In Hebrew culture, the tent is symbolic of habitation, safety, and sometimes the dwelling place of God (like the Tabernacle of Moses). The command to "enlarge the tent" symbolizes growth, expansion, and the inclusion of more people into the covenant. Expounding upon this: Studying this phrase reveals that God is commanding Israel to prepare for growth and to make room for the multitudes that will join them in the covenant. It is an invitation for both physical and spiritual expansion as God’s people will increase in numbers and influence. Verses 4-6: The Lord Comforts Israel Do Not Fear: Israel is counseled not to fear or be ashamed. Though they were forsaken and scattered for a time, the Lord will gather them again with compassion. God’s Eternal Covenant:  The Lord is depicted as a loving husband who takes back His estranged wife (Israel). This metaphor underscores God’s enduring commitment to His people, despite their earlier rejection of Him. Israel’s Redeemer:  The Lord promises that He will redeem Israel, gathering them from their scattered state. The Lord, referred to as the "Holy One of Israel," reaffirms His role as Israel’s redeemer and protector. “Ashamed” (3 Nephi 22:4) Hebrew word: בוש  ( Bush ) — "To be ashamed," "disgraced" The word bush  in Hebrew often refers to feelings of shame or disgrace associated with sin or failure. In this passage, Israel is told they will no longer feel shame, as their sins will be forgiven and their honor restored. Expounding upon this : The study of this word in its Hebrew context emphasizes that the Lord’s redemption will lift Israel out of the shame of their past sins and transgressions, restoring them to a state of honor and righteousness. “Husband” (3 Nephi 22:5) Hebrew word: בעל  ( Ba'al ) — "Husband," "master," " bridegroom " The term ba’al  carries the idea of ownership or lordship, often referring to a husband’s relationship to his wife in ancient Israelite culture. However, it also refers to God as the spiritual "husband" of Israel, symbolizing His covenant relationship with His people. Expounding upon this: The use of ba’al  here illustrates that God is reclaiming Israel as His "bride" in a covenantal sense, showing His deep love and commitment to His people despite their previous unfaithfulness. Verses 7-8: Brief Rejection, Eternal Gathering Momentary Forsaking, Eternal Mercy: The Lord acknowledges that He briefly forsook Israel due to their disobedience, but this forsaking was temporary. Now, He promises to gather them with everlasting kindness and mercy. Compassionate Gathering:  The Lord’s mercy is emphasized as the driving force behind Israel’s redemption. Despite their past sins, the Lord’s love and compassion remain constant, and He will restore them. Jesus Wants Us to Succeed -Elder Uchdorff Verses 9-10: The Covenant of Peace The Waters of Noah: The Lord compares His promise to Israel with His covenant made during the time of Noah. Just as He promised that the waters would no longer flood the earth, so too will He keep His promise to Israel, never forsaking them again. See Genesis 9:11-16. Everlasting Covenant:  The Lord makes a covenant of peace with Israel, assuring them that His kindness will not depart, and His covenant of peace will remain with them forever. “Covenant of Peace” (3 Nephi 22:10) Hebrew word for Covenant : ברית  ( Berit )  — "Covenant," "agreement" Hebrew word for Peace : שלום  ( Shalom ) — "Peace," "wholeness" Berit  refers to a formal, binding agreement between two parties, often initiated by God with His people. Shalom  means more than just the absence of conflict—it refers to a state of completeness, welfare, and harmony with God. Expounding upon this : The "covenant of peace" emphasizes that God will restore Israel to a state of wholeness, peace, and security. It symbolizes the eternal promise that God will protect, bless, and uphold His people, even through trials. Verses 11-12: The Glorious Future of Israel See: Ether 13:10-12, 2 Nephi 10:2, D&C 45:66-67, D&C 133:7-13 The Beauty of Zion: The Lord describes the future of Zion, where Israel will dwell in safety and glory. The city is described in beautiful, symbolic terms, such as being built with precious stones, sapphires, and fair colors. These images represent the spiritual and physical restoration of Zion. Spiritual Glory:  Zion’s beauty and strength will not only be physical but also spiritual, as the people will be strengthened and beautified through their righteousness and closeness to the Lord. Verses 13-14: Peace and Righteousness in Zion Children Taught by the Lord: The children of Zion will be taught by the Lord, and their peace will be great. This promise signifies the spiritual knowledge and peace that will be poured out upon Israel’s future generations. Righteousness as Protection:  Zion will be established in righteousness, and the people will be far from oppression, fear, and terror. Their righteousness will be their strength and protection in the last days . Verses 15-17: Divine Protection and Prosperity No Weapon that is Formed Against Thee Shall Prosper - Pres. Hinkley No Weapon Shall Prosper: The Lord assures Israel that no weapon formed against them will prosper, and those who rise against them in judgment will be condemned. This is a promise of divine protection against their enemies. Vindication from the Lord:  The Lord promises that Israel’s righteousness will be their heritage, and they will be vindicated by Him. His protection will ensure that Israel will not fall to their adversaries. Heritage of the Servants of the Lord:  This protection and prosperity are the heritage of the Lord’s servants—those who are faithful to Him and follow His commandments. “No weapon formed against thee shall prosper” (3 Nephi 22:17) Hebrew word for Weapon : כלי  ( Kli ) — "Tool," "weapon" Hebrew word for Prosper : צלח  ( Tzalach ) — "To succeed," "to advance" The word kli  in Hebrew can refer to any tool or instrument, but in this context, it signifies a weapon used against God’s people. Tzalach  means to succeed or prevail. The phrase is a promise of divine protection and assurance of victory over enemies. Expounding upon this : This verse promises that no force used against Israel will ultimately prevail, as God’s power will ensure their safety and success. It conveys the idea of divine defense and the futility of opposition to God’s covenant people. 3 Nephi 23 In 3 Nephi 23 , Jesus emphasizes the importance of studying the words of the prophets, especially Isaiah, and the importance of keeping a record of all revelations and prophecies. He provides instruction to the Nephites on the vital role that prophecy plays in guiding the people, and He corrects an omission in their scriptural records. This chapter highlights the necessity of recording and preserving spiritual experiences and teachings to ensure they are not forgotten and can guide future generations. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Study the Words of Isaiah and the Prophets: Jesus emphasizes the importance of studying Isaiah’s words, along with the teachings of all prophets. Isaiah’s prophecies are especially crucial for understanding the latter-day gathering of Israel and the role of the Messiah in God’s plan. The command to study prophetic writings applies to all generations, highlighting their eternal relevance. The Role of Prophets & Prophecies: Prophecies serve as more than just foretelling the future; they are warnings, signs, and guides that help people align themselves with God’s will. Understanding the teachings of the prophets helps the faithful navigate the challenges of mortality and understand God’s purposes for them. Why Do Church Leaders Frequently Testify of the Book of Mormon? Accurate and Complete Record-Keeping: Jesus corrects the Nephites for their failure to record all of Samuel the Lamanite’s prophecies and their fulfillment. This shows the critical importance of maintaining accurate and complete records of divine events, as these records preserve spiritual knowledge for future generations and prevent vital truths from being lost. The Missing Scripture Fulfillment of Prophecies: The chapter highlights the fact that all prophecies concerning Christ’s mission, especially His resurrection, have been fulfilled. The fulfillment of prophecies serves as a witness to the truthfulness of God’s word and the reliability of His promises. Jesus’ Role in Overseeing the Record: Jesus takes a direct role in ensuring the Nephite records are complete, symbolizing His care for the preservation of truth. His involvement underscores the importance of scriptures and recorded prophecies in guiding God’s people and providing an accurate history of His dealings with humanity. Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources 3 Nephi 23 Verses 1-3: Jesus Commands the People to Study the Words of Isaiah Why Would Jesus Call Isaiah’s Words Great? Great Importance of Isaiah’s Words: Jesus commands the Nephites to diligently study the words of Isaiah. He emphasizes that the prophecies of Isaiah are essential to understanding God’s plan, especially in relation to the gathering of Israel and the coming of the Messiah. Fulfillment of Isaiah’s Prophecies:  Jesus affirms that all things Isaiah prophesied will be fulfilled, and the people are encouraged to take the words of Isaiah seriously, as they are central to understanding the future of Israel and God’s covenant. Isaiah Speaks to All Nations:  Jesus notes that Isaiah’s words apply not only to the Nephites but to all nations. Isaiah’s prophecies are universal and crucial for everyone to understand the workings of God. See Isaiah 55:11, Habakkuk 2:2, Matthew 5:17-18, Luke 24:44-46, 2 Nephi 25:7-8,   D&C 1:38.  “Search these things diligently” (3 Nephi 23:1) Greek word : ἐρευνάω  ( Ereunao ) — "To search ," "to examine thoroughly" The Greek word ereunao  implies not just a casual reading but a thorough investigation or deep study of the scriptures. Jesus commands the Nephites to diligently search the writings of Isaiah and other prophets. Expounding upon this : This word emphasizes the importance of in-depth scripture study to truly understand God’s will. It suggests an active, persistent effort to learn from the prophets and apply their teachings, not just a passive reading.   “All things that Isaiah spake” (3 Nephi 23:3) Hebrew word : דִּבֵּר  ( Dibber ) — "Spoke" or "said" In Hebrew, the word dibber  means "to speak" or "to proclaim." In this context, it refers to the words of Isaiah, one of the most significant prophets in the Old Testament, whose prophecies are filled with messianic and eschatological themes. Expounding upon this : Studying dibber  helps us recognize that the words of Isaiah were not just casual statements but divinely inspired declarations that require attention. By highlighting Isaiah’s words, Jesus is reaffirming the authority of prophetic teachings and their fulfillment in His ministry and in th e last days. “Fulfilled” (3 Nephi 23:3) Greek word: πληρόω  ( Pleroo ) — "To fulfill," "to complete," or "to accomplish" In Greek, pleroo  conveys the idea of completion, filling up, or bringing something to its full measure. Jesus uses this word to confirm that everything Isaiah spoke will indeed be fulfilled, meaning that all prophecies will come to their complete realization. Expounding upon this: This emphasizes the certainty of prophetic fulfillment. By using a word like pleroo , the scriptures convey the absolute reliability of divine prophecy. This also reinforces the idea that God’s word, once given, will not return void (Isaiah 55:11). Verses 4-5: The Importance of All Prophets’ Words & and Israel's Inheritance of the Land Study All Prophets: Jesus expands the command beyond Isaiah and instructs the Nephites to also study the writings of all the prophets. The Lord stresses the importance of knowing and understanding all of the teachings and revelations that God has provided through His servants. Prophecies as Warnings and Signs:  Prophecies are not just for understanding the future but also serve as warnings, signs, and guidance. They provide essential knowledge for the people to follow and understand the will of God. “The Father commanded me that I should give unto you this land” (3 Nephi 23:4) Hebrew word : אֶרֶץ  ( Eretz ) — "Land," "earth," or "territory" The word eretz  in Hebrew refers not only to physical land but also to the idea of inheritance and divine promises tied to territory. For the Nephites, as for ancient Israel, land was a sign of God's covenant and blessings. Expounding upon this : Understanding eretz  in Hebrew ties this passage back to the Abrahamic Covenant, where the promised land was a central symbol of God’s blessings. The reference to “this land” (the Americas) as a promised inheritance connects the Nephites to the broader covenantal promises of God to  Israel. Hebrew word: נָבִיא  ( Navi ) — "Prophet" or "spokesperson" In Hebrew, navi  refers to a prophet, someone who speaks on behalf of God. Prophets are not merely future-tellers but divine messengers who communicate God’s will to His people. Expounding upon this : Studying navi  helps us understand the high regard in which prophets are held in the scriptures. They are vital to guiding God’s people and ensuring they remain on the covenant path. In this chapter, Jesus emphasizes the importance of the prophetic record in guiding future generations. Verses 6-8: Jesus Corrects an Omission in the Nephite Records Jesus Reviews Their Records: After teaching, Jesus asks to see the Nephite records and begins reviewing them. He discovers that certain events, specifically the fulfillment of prophecies given by Samuel the Lamanite, have not been recorded. Samuel’s Prophecies of the Resurrection:  Samuel the Lamanite had prophesied of many signs concerning the resurrection of Christ, and while the signs had come to pass, they had not been written in the Nephite record. Some have commented that this may be indicative of racial or social polarization that was likely part of the social environment at that time. Christ corrects this error, highlighting the value of Samuel's contributions as His prophet. See Helaman 14:2-7  Egyptian Inscriptions on Metal Plates Verses 9-11: Jesus Instructs the Nephites to Add to Their Records Importance of Accurate Record-Keeping: Jesus instructs the Nephites to record all that has been revealed and fulfilled, especially the prophecies of Samuel the Lamanite. This serves as a reminder that all spiritual and historical events must be carefully recorded to preserve the truth for future generations. Correction of the Records:  The Nephites immediately add the prophecies and their fulfillment to their records, demonstrating the importance of preserving all aspects of divine revelation. Greek word : γράφω  ( Grapho ) — "To write " The Greek word grapho  means "to write" or "to record." When Jesus points out that certain prophecies, like those of Samuel the Lamanite , had not been written, He underscores the importance of accurately documenting prophetic events. Expounding upon this : Writing in the ancient world was a method of preserving not just historical accounts but also sacred covenants. By commanding that these things be written, Jesus emphasizes the need to preserve revelation for future generations, ensuring that nothing is lost or forgotten. Verses 12-14: The Fulfillment of All Prophecies Jesus Testifies of the Resurrection: Jesus emphasizes that all things prophesied about His mission, including His resurrection, have come to pass. He reaffirms the significance of Samuel the Lamanite’s prophecies, which were fulfilled with Jesus’ resurrection and the accompanying signs. Record Keeping Ensures Future Knowledge:  Jesus highlights the role of written records in preserving the knowledge of His resurrection and the signs that accompany His mission for future generations. Accurate records ensure that no truth is lost and that future believers will have the knowledge they need. 3 Nephi 24 In 3 Nephi 24 , Jesus quotes from Malachi 3   INT in its entirety, giving the Nephites access to this important prophecy, which was not yet included in their records. Malachi’s prophecy focuses on the coming of the Lord, the refining process of His people, the law of tithing, and the distinction between the righteous and the wicked in the last days. This chapter underscores the importance of preparing for the Lord’s second coming and the blessings that come from covenant obedience. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Preparation for the Lord’s Coming: The chapter focuses on preparing for the Lord’s coming, both at His first coming and His second coming. The imagery of the refiner’s fire and fuller’s soap illustrates the process of purification that the Lord’s people must undergo to be prepared to meet Him. Messengers of the Covenant: Mormon’s Doctrinal Use of Malachi 3:1 in Moroni 7:29–32 Judgment and Mercy: The Lord’s coming brings both judgment and mercy. The wicked will face condemnation for their sins, particularly those who oppress others and fail to live righteously. However, the faithful will be purified and made ready to enter into the Lord’s presence. The Law of Tithing: Tithing is presented as a key part of covenant faithfulness. Those who pay tithes and offerings will receive abundant blessings from the Lord, while those who withhold them are robbing God. Tithing brings both spiritual and material prosperity, and it protects the faithful from adversity. See Mosiah 2:22, D&C 64:23 The Importance of Keeping a Record: The concept of a "book of remembrance" symbolizes the importance of keeping a record of the faithful. God remembers those who fear and honor Him, and they will be rewarded for their obedience. Distinction Between the Righteous and the Wicked: Though the wicked may seem to prosper for a time, a clear distinction will be made between the righteous and the wicked at the final judgment. The righteous will be God’s "jewels" and will be spared, while the wicked will face the consequences of their rebellion. God’s Unchanging Nature and Covenant: God’s relationship with Israel is based on His unchanging nature and His enduring covenant with them. Despite their past failures, God invites Israel to return to Him, promising that His mercy and blessings will follow their repentance. Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources 3 Nephi 24 Verses 1-3: The Coming of the Messenger and the Lord Why Did Jesus Give the Nephites Malachi's Prophecies? The Messenger Prepares the Way: Jesus quotes Malachi, stating that the Lord will send a messenger to prepare the way before Him. This messenger is often interpreted as John the Baptist , who prepared the way for Christ’s first coming. The Sudden Coming of the Lord:  Malachi speaks of the Lord suddenly coming to His temple, a reference to both the first and second comings of Christ. The imagery of the Lord coming to His temple highlights His role in cleansing and sanctifying His people. Refiner’s Fire and Fuller’s Soap:  The Lord will purify His people, especially the Levites (the priests), so that they may offer an acceptable sacrifice to God. This purification is likened to a refiner’s fire and fuller’s soap, processes that remove impurities and make something pure. The idea is that the Lord’s coming will refine and sanctify His people. “Messenger” (3 Nephi 24:1,  See Matthew 3:1-3, Luke 3:3-4 ) Hebrew word : מַלְאָךְ  ( Mal'akh )  — "Messenger," "angel," from root מלךְ The Hebrew word mal'akh  refers to a messenger or angel sent by God (the king). In this context, it is interpreted as John the Baptist , who prepared the way for Jesus' first coming. The use of mal'akh  conveys a divine purpose and mission for this messenger. Expounding upon this : The study of mal'akh  emphasizes that God sends messengers to prepare His people for critical moments, particularly when the Lord Himself will come. In both the first and second comings of Christ, there are divinely appointed figures tasked with warning and preparing the people. “Refiner’s fire and fuller’s soap” (3 Nephi 24:2-3, See Psalm 66:10-12, Exodus 19:5, Hebrews 12:29 ) Hebrew word for Refiner : צָרַף  ( Tsaraph ) — "To refine," "to purify by fire" Hebrew word for Fuller : כָּבַס  ( Kabac ) — "To wash," "to cleanse" In Hebrew, tsaraph  refers to the process of refining precious metals by fire to remove impurities, while kabac  describes the act of washing clothes to make them clean. These images depict how the Lord purifies His people, removing sin and imperfections. Expounding upon this : The imagery of refining and cleansing emphasizes the Lord’s role in sanctifying His people. Like a refiner of silver or gold, God uses trials and repentance to cleanse and purify His followers, making them worthy to stand in His presence. Verses 4-5: Judgment Upon the Wicked The Lord Will Judge the Wicked: When the Lord comes, He will judge those who have rejected Him and His commandments. Specific groups mentioned include sorcerers, adulterers, false swearers, those who oppress the vulnerable (widows, orphans, laborers), and those who do not fear God. Social Justice and Righteousness:  These verses emphasize God’s concern for social justice and the importance of righteous living. The wicked will face judgment, while the righteous will be refined and cleansed. Verses 6-7: God’s Unchanging Nature and Israel’s Need to Return God’s Unchanging Nature: The Lord declares that He does not change, which is why the descendants of Jacob (Israel) are not utterly destroyed despite their disobedience. His covenant with Israel remains, even though they have frequently turned away from Him. Return to God:  God calls His people to return to Him, promising that if they return, He will return to them. This highlights the importance of repentance and reconciliation with God. Verses 8-10: The Law of Tithing Why Does the Lord Require People to Live the Laws of Tithing and Fasting? Failure to Pay Tithes and Offerings: The Lord accuses Israel of robbing Him by withholding tithes and offerings. As a result, they are cursed. Tithing is shown as a crucial part of covenant obedience. The Blessings of Tithing:  The Lord invites the people to test Him by paying their tithes. He promises that if they are faithful in tithing, He will open the windows of heaven and pour out blessings so abundant that they cannot be contained. This teaches that obedience to the law of tithing brings both spiritual and temporal blessings. Protection from Adversity:  The Lord also promises to rebuke the devourer (likely a reference to pestilence or other destructive forces), so that their crops and livelihood will be protected. Tithing is a principle of faith that ensures the Lord’s protection and provision. “Tithes and offerings” (3 Nephi 24:8, 10) Hebrew word for Tithes : מַעֲשֵׂר  ( Ma'aser ) — "Tenth," "tithe" Hebrew word for Offerings : תְּרוּמָה  ( Terumah ) — "Contribution," "offering" Ma'aser  refers to the practice of giving one-tenth of one’s income or harvest to God, while terumah  refers to voluntary offerings or gifts given as an act of worship. In Malachi 3 , withholding tithes is equated to robbing God, while paying tithes leads to great blessings. Expounding upon this : Studying these Hebrew terms deepens our understanding of the covenant relationship between God and His people. Tithing is not merely a financial transaction but an act of devotion, showing trust in God’s provision. In return, God promises to "open the windows of heaven" and bless those who faithfully pay tithes. “The windows of heaven” (3 Nephi 24:10) Hebrew word : אֲרֻבּוֹת  ( Arubbot ) — "Windows," "floodgates" The word arubbot  refers to windows or floodgates, particularly those of heaven from which blessings flow. In this verse, God promises to pour out blessings in abundance when His people obey the law of tithing. Expounding upon this : The Hebrew imagery of the windows or floodgates of heaven signifies overwhelming, abundant blessings, both temporal and spiritual. This suggests that God’s generosity knows no bounds for those who are obedient to His commandments. Verses 11-12: Prosperity for the Righteous A Delightful Land: If Israel is faithful, they will not only be protected but will become a "delightsome land." Their faithfulness will be evident to all nations, who will recognize their prosperity and favor with God. Blessing and Witness to Other Nations:  Israel’s faithfulness in keeping their covenants, including tithing, will make them a witness to other nations of the blessings that come from following the Lord. Verses 13-15: Complaints of the Proud Complaints of the Wicked: The Lord notes that the proud and wicked complain that serving God is vain. They believe there is no benefit in keeping God’s commandments because the wicked appear to prosper, and those who defy God seem to avoid punishment. Perception of Injustice:  These verses reflect the struggle of the faithful when it seems that the wicked are rewarded, while those who serve God face difficulties. It highlights a common question about why the wicked sometimes appear to thrive. Verses 16-18: The Lord Remembers the Righteous The Faithful Are Remembered: Despite the complaints of the proud, those who fear the Lord and speak often about Him are remembered in a "book of remembrance" written before Him. This imagery emphasizes that God knows and remembers the righteous, even when it may seem like their efforts go unnoticed. The Day of Separation:  On the day when the Lord makes up His jewels (His righteous people), there will be a clear distinction between the righteous and the wicked. The righteous will be spared and blessed, while the wicked will face judgment. Righteous as God’s Treasured Possession:  The righteous are described as the Lord’s "jewels" or "special treasure." They will be rewarded for their faithfulness and will be spared in the coming day of the Lord’s judgment. “Book of remembrance” (3 Nephi 24:16,  See Alma 13:3, D&C 85:9) Hebrew word : סֵפֶר  ( Sefer ) — " Book ," "scroll" Hebrew word : זָכָר  ( Zakar ) — "To remember " The term sefer  refers to a book or scroll in which important matters are recorded, while zakar  means to remember or recall. In this context, God keeps a record of those who fear Him and think on His name. Expounding upon this : The concept of a “book of remembrance” in Hebrew culture is closely tied to the idea of God’s faithfulness in keeping track of the deeds of the righteous. This book symbolizes divine acknowledgment of the righteous and serves as a record for the day of judgment. “Spare them, as a man spareth his own son” (3 Nephi 24:17) Hebrew word for Spare : חָמַל  ( Chamal ) — "To spare," "to have compassion" Chamal  implies showing mercy or compassion, especially when sparing someone from deserved consequences. This verse describes God’s promise to spare the righteous in the day of judgment, just as a loving father spares his obedient son. Expounding upon this : The use of chamal  highlights the fatherly love and mercy that God extends to His people. He is portrayed not as a harsh judge but as a compassionate Father who desires to save His children, provided they remain faithful to Him. Church Videos & Resources 3 Nephi - Moroni Talks and References This Month in Come Follow Me Games, Stories, & Activities for Kids Book of Mormon Videos Images Scripture Central Study Guide The study guide with the Reading Plan is now up under the Scripture Central Podcast Materials BYU’s RSC The Doctrine of a Covenant People The Uses of Adversity Video—Christ's Second Day Ministry (3 Nephi 19-26)

CFM : July 29–August 4 Alma 36–38 Videos, Podcasts, & Weekly Lesson Material Media ​Lesson Extension Scripture Central Alma 36–38 Scripture Study Insights Insights with Taylor and Tyler: Revisited Scripture Insights Is the Book of Mormon a Modern Forgery? (Knowhy #502) Follow Him Alma 36–38 Part 1 Part 2 Transcripts Line Upon Line Alma 36–38 Teaching with Power Alma 36–38 ​ Teaching Bundle for Book of Mormon, available on Etsy. Don't Miss This Alma 36–38 Book of Mormon Matters with John W Welch and Lynne Hilton Wilson Alma 36–38 John W. Welch Notes ​Unshaken Alma 36–38 Alma 32-35 (Extended Version) ​The Interpreter Foundation Alma 36–38 ​Commentary by John Claybaugh ​Teaching Helps with John Hilton Alma 36–38 The Book of Mormon, A Master Class Alma 30-31: Exposing the Enemies of Christ ​Scripture Gems Alma 36–38 Book of Mormon Map Come Follow Up Alma 36–38 The Scriptures Are Real Alma 36–38 The Faith Experiment Latter Day Kids Alma 36–38 Small and Simple Things Scripture Explorers Alma 36–38 Alma Teaches Helaman and Shiblon Gospel for Kids Alma 36–38 Alma Counsels His Sons ​Talking Scripture Alma 36–38 Show Notes Book of Mormon Minute, Brant A. Gardner Vol. 2 Volume 3: Alma Alma 36 Alma 37 Alma 38 Saving Talents: Devotionals & FHE for Children Alma 36–38 Grounded with Barbara Morgan Alma 36–38 Our Mothers Knew It Alma 36–38 Insights Object Lesson Hurricane Utah Adult Religion Class , Book of Mormon ALMA'S COUNSEL TO HIS SONS HELAMAN, SHIBLON, & CORIANTON Video Notes Slides / Handout Resources and Insights for this Week's Lesson The Book of Mormon: A Cultural and Religious Dialogue The lesson this week has been tremendously challenging to prepare due to the wealth of information it contains, making it impossible to cover everything in detail, and extremely difficult to tie it all together. So, I apologize if this commentary might seem a bit disjointed. My own inadequacies with presenting this material are heightened by the fact that these chapters represent such a masterful culmination of all of Alma's teachings and insights, and I want to do it justice. But in order to do so, it is essential to reflect on some of his earlier lessons to more fully appreciate the depth of what Alma is expressing in this week's material. Overview In Alma 1-35, Alma the Younger outlines several key cultural principles that are deeply rooted in ancient Jewish traditions and adapted to the Nephite context. In his lessons, Alma explores how these principles are intentionally designed to teach about and point the Israelites to Jesus Christ while developing and fostering a strong and faithful community. These are the fundamental building blocks that prepare us for the profound blessings that Alma prepares for his sons in 36-42 . Here are a few of the key cultural principles highlighted by Alma that can prepare us for our dive into this week's materials: The "Holy Order," Seder Kadosh and the Jewish Haggadah (Alma 5) In Alma 5, Alma gives a sermon to the people of Zarahemla. This sermon closely mirrors the 15 steps of the Jewish Haggadah, the traditional Passover outline, which is also referred to as the Seder Kadosh, or "Holy Order," in Jewish tradition. These 15 steps symbolize the spiritual journey and conversion of the Israelites, retracing the steps of their deliverance from Egypt. These steps have profound symbolic meaning and in many ways one can compare them to the pattern of the Temple ordinances, the structure of the Holy Order of the Priesthood, and even an abbreviated version of Jesus' Sermon on the Mount . We reviewed the 15 steps of the Haggadah previously, in our lesson " Have Ye Experienced This Mighty Change in Your Hearts?" In Alma 5, Alma uses the Exodus story as a framework and parallels it with examples from Nephite history to illustrate the principle of ultimate deliverance through Jesus Christ. By structuring his sermon around the traditional steps of the Jewish Seder, Alma draws from the Torah and Israelite culture to encourage self-examination, repentance, and spiritual renewal among the Nephites and modern readers. His famous questions, "Have ye experienced this mighty change in your hearts?" and "Have ye received His image in your Countenance?" invites listeners to reflect deeply on their own spiritual transformation, development, and commitment to the gospel. Cultural Religious Festivals and Community Life Alma's accounts highlight several examples of cultural and religious festivals being observed among both the Nephites and Lamanites. These religious and cultural observances were an integral part of the Law of Moses. They fostered a sense of community, preserved cultural traditions, reinforced religious teachings, and Alma explains that they ultimately pointed the Israelites to the coming of Jesus Christ. Observing these festivals helped the people remember God's covenants and His promises of redemption, serving as vital components of their faith and worship. Throughout his teachings, Alma emphasized the importance of the Law of Moses and explained that the Nephites strictly observed these laws as outlined in the Torah. Learning about the cultural and symbolic nature of these traditional appointed feast days can help one to identify their observance among the Nephites, who were Jews after all. It is essential to remember that Moroni abridged the Book of Mormon with a Jewish audience in mind, and he assumed that his audience would be familiar with these traditions: "Which is to show unto the remnant of the house of Israel what great things the Lord hath done for their fathers; and that they may know the covenants of the Lord, that they are not cast off forever—And also to the convincing of the Jew and Gentile that Jesus is the Christ, the Eternal God, manifesting himself unto all nations." -Title Page of the Book of Mormon, Moroni A plethora of valuable insights can be gleaned from the Book of Mormon when it is studied through a Jewish lens, and the observance of Jewish Holy Days was a fundamental part of what it meant to be Jewish. Examples of these festival traditions being practiced can be found throughout Alma's records, including: Passover (Pesach) : Alma reflects on deliverance from bondage, symbolizing spiritual deliverance through Christ. (Alma 5-6 & 36-42, " Have Ye Experienced This Mighty Change in Your Hearts?" ) Feast of Weeks (Shavuot, Pentecost, Counting of the Omer "grain harvest"): Ammon experiences a Pentecostal experience during an appointed harvest feast that was being culturally observed among the Lamanites. King Limhi and his wife experience a powerful conversion that mirrors the Theophanic experience described by Alma the Younger. This is followed by the powerful conversions of Limhi's people, His father, mother, and the Anti-Lehi-Nephites. I Will Make an Instrument of Thee ) Feast of Tabernacles (Sukkot) : Sukkot emphasizes gratitude and dependence on God, and it foreshadows the gathering of Israel and their entrance into the Promised Land. It is celebrated with the tradition of making temporary booths, or tents, as the people turn their tents to the Tabernacle of Temple to receive the Word of God. We observe this practice with King Benjamin's address, when the Nephites turned their tents to the Temple to hear the words of their prophets and leaders. "A Mighty Change" Day of Atonement (Yom Kippur) : Yom Kippur highlights the need for repentance and atonement. The ultimate Atonement was offered through Jesus Christ. In Alma 34, Amulek delivers a powerful sermon on the infinite and eternal nature of the Atonement of Jesus Christ. He emphasizes the need for repentance and the importance of seeking forgiveness through Christ's sacrifice. This sermon mirrors the themes of Yom Kippur, focusing on repentance, atonement, and reconciliation with God. ( “ Be Not Afraid ,” Understanding the Day of Atonement or Yom Kippur ) Importance of Literacy Alma stresses the significance of literacy, both in terms of spiritual literacy (understanding and living the gospel) and literal literacy (reading, understanding, and preserving scripture). He emphasizes that the scriptures are a source of knowledge and guidance, and that they testify of Christ. This emphasis on literacy is seen in his encouragement to search and study the brass plates and other records diligently. These principles are especially relevant in Alma 37, when Alma describes the nature of the word, and how this word was reflected and understood using the Liahona. Drawing Upon the Othot ("Signs") and the Principles of Creation In Alma 30, Alma draws upon the concept of owthot  (plural form " signs , " from the root: אוֹת Aleph - Vav - Tav) during his confrontation with Korihor. When Korihor demands a sign to prove the existence of God, Alma references the usage of the word "sign" in the Torah, particularly as it related to the creation account and the organization of the planets ( Genesis 1:14 ). The account in Genesis specifies that the organization of the heavenly bodies were intended to be used for light and enlightenment, as the order and organization of these bodies could be used to help mankind learn about " signs ," " seasons ," " days ," and " years ." Alma explained that the divine order of the cosmos and the signs were established by God in the heavens, and that they underscore the inherent evidence of God’s existence and His power and influence in the natural world (Alma 30:43-44, " Plant This Word in Your Hearts , " “ All Things Denote There Is a God”: Seeing Christ in the Creation ). The Significance of Aleph - Vav - Tav (אוֹת) The spelling of the word אוֹת  (owth) is significant. It is composed of Aleph, Vav, and Tav, and is comparable to the Alpha and Omega of the Greek alphabet, representing the first and last letters of the Hebrew script. In Hebrew tradition, these letters hold layers of profound symbolic meaning ( Psalms 119 , Hebrew , INT ). For example: Aleph  (א): As the first letter of the Alphabet, Aleph represents the oneness of God and the unification of all creation. Vav [ו]: Symbolizes a hook or that is used to join or connect. It is related to the concept of a vow, and can be used to represent one's word or their promise. Linguistically the letter vav is used as a conjunction and is frequently translated into English as "and." Tav [ת]: The last letter of the alphabet, symbolizes a mark or sign. Anciently the Tav was represented with two vavs interconnecting, like the letter X. This represented the concept of a two way promise or covenant. One might relate the tav to the X of a contract, where two parties give their word to fulfil certain terms and conditions according to the laws and stipulations outlined in the agreement. They use their name as their witness and marker. In early Christian tradition the Greek letter X (Chi) was recognized as part of the Chi-Rho (Hebrew: Chi Resh), a early monogram for Jesus Christ, the " Living Head ." ( The Evolution of Two Hebrew Scripts , Ketav Ivri vs. Ketav Ashurit) Together, Aleph - Vav - Tav  encapsulates the entirety of divine creation, from beginning to end, akin to the Alpha and Omega of the Greek Alphabet. In Jewish tradition, it was the Aleph-Tav that God spoke in the beginning, which acted as the catalyst for creation itself. This concept is reinforced by the nature and organization of the letters of the Hebrew alphabet. In Jewish tradition, Rabbis teach that there are three primary ways to learn about the symbolic nature of the alphabet: The Name : Analyzing the name of each letter can reveal deeper symbolic meanings, which can be expanded upon through the use of lexicons and concordances. First Use in the Torah : The first time a letter is used in the Torah, particularly at the beginning of a word or root word, provides insight into its symbolic significance. Psalm 119 : This psalm features an acrostic poem with each stanza beginning with a successive letter of the Hebrew alphabet. Each of the 22 letters is highlighted in an eight-verse stanza, symbolizing completeness and divine order. Alma's Use of Owthot in Teaching Divine Principles In his teachings, Alma demonstrates how these symbols can represent divine principles relating to the gospel and the power of God's Word. He emphasizes that the natural world and the order of the cosmos are themselves signs of God’s existence and handiwork. This idea aligns with the Hebrew tradition that views the alphabet not just as a system of meaningless letters used for communication, but as embodying the principles of creation and the Torah, or "law." Members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints can draw powerful parallels between these ancient Hebrew traditions and the gospel of Jesus Christ and the Plan of Salvation, just as Alma and Amulek do in chapters 32-35, when they describe the symbolic nature of the seed, which reflects a strong symbolic connection to the Hebrew letter נ   nun . By referencing these ancient symbols, including the seed, Alma connects the Nephite understanding of signs and symbols to the divine order outlined within with the broader umbrella of Jewish tradition. He teaches that just as the Aleph-Tav encompasses all creation, the gospel of Jesus Christ encompasses all aspects of spiritual life, from beginning to end. Alma urges his audience to "plant this word in your hearts," symbolizing the need to internalize these divine principles and live by them. Alma's teachings about signs and the seed demonstrate his familiarity with and intricate understanding of these ancient linguistic traditions and principles. Alma beautifully embedded these symbols into his teachings, using them to explain complex spiritual principles in a way that his audience could relate to and understand on multiple levels. By aligning these signs with the principles of the gospel, Alma helps to illustrate how all creation points to Christ and the fundamental truths of faith, repentance, and redemption. Through these small and simple means, even in the formation of these simple but profound letters, the building blocks for the word itself is manifest. Alma demonstrates how through these small and simple things ( devarim ), great things can in deed come to pass (Alma 37:6-12). Expanded teachings regarding the Symbolism of the Seed and the Hebraic letter Nun (Alma 32-33) In Alma 32, Alma uses the parable of the seed to teach about faith. He explains that faith, like a seed, must be planted and nurtured to grow. This metaphor aligns with the Hebrew letter נ nun , which symbolizes a seed, growth, and continuity. Alma's teachings illustrate how faith in Christ must be cultivated through prayer, humility, and ongoing spiritual effort. Alma's Use of the Brazen Serpent and the Symbolism of Nun and Nachash (Alma 33) Alma and Amulek draw parallels between these symbols of a seed growing into a mighty tree full of life and fruit and the story of Moses lifting the brazen serpent upon a staff. In many ways, we see parallels to the Garden of Eden, with the Tree of Life and the Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil represented. The Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil brings death, pain, and suffering, akin to the Cross upon which Jesus was Crucified. The Tree of Life represents hope and new life, healing and salvation, made possible through the Atonement and Resurrection of Jesus Christ. Alma and Amulek include these themes in their discussion with the Zoramites about the symbolic nature of the seed. This connection is fascinating because the symbols of a seed and serpent are both associated with the Hebraic letter nun. As discussed previously, the alphabet has a rich symbolic history and heritage. An examination of the alphabet's early history, which was not fully understood during Joseph Smith's lifetime, reveals that these symbols were both closely linked to the ancient form of the Hebrew letter Nun which was anciently depicted pictorially as the image of both a seed and a snake, the latter being associated with the word נָחָשׁ ( nachash ) , meaning "serpent" ( The Jewish Invention of the Alphabet .) The early form of the Hebrew Alphabet is known as the Proto Sinaitic script (Ketav Evrit), and knowledge of its existence did not become apparent until 1905, when evidence of this early form was rediscovered in Sinai and later found in Canaan. These records date back to around 1800 BC, and this Proto-Hebraic form of the alphabet was likely the form that was used by Abraham, Moses, King David and other Hebrew writers leading up until the Babylonian invasion. This would have been the form of the script that Nephi and Alma would have been familiar with because the later Assyrian form that many associate with Hebrew today, was not developed until after the Babylonian invasion, around 500 BC, after Nephi and his family left Jerusalem. Alma's uses of these specific symbols to illustrate the symbolic nature of the seed and serpent, and their relationship to the importance of faith in Jesus Christ and the life-giving power of His Atonement, offer remarkable evidence to support the authenticity and validity of the Book of Mormon as an ancient record. These specific inclusions by Alma were not known when Joseph Smith was translating the plates, and they offer compelling evidence that the Book of Mormon was in deed written by a people who predated the writing reforms of the Hebrew language, which took place following the Jews return from Babylonian Exile. The Early Hebrew script was modified around 500 BC into the now recognized Ketav Ashurit form, or the Imperial Aramaic Script , under the order of King Darius. This adapted script was mandated as the official alphabet of the Archaemenid Empire during the lifetime of Daniel, who was commanded by God to " shut up the words, and seal the book , even to the time of the end" ( Daniel 12:4 ) . This powerful context demonstrates a remarkable fulfilment of prophecy, highlighted both in the Old Testament and the Book of Mormon, and this perspective helps to illuminate an additional layer of wisdom imbedded within the Lord's instructions to Alma to preserve the records of his people, offering greater insight pertaining to the "wise purpose for which they were kept" (Alma 37:2). The later Aramaic form of the script is still used today to preserve sacred Hebraic texts, and the preservation of this text has been monumental in retaining the brightness of the Old Testament records, helping theologians and scholars of all faith traditions to better understand the true meaning and context of the ancient records. Additionally, since 1905, and the rediscovery of the earlier Proto-Sinaitic Script continuing advancement have and are being made every day. Ongoing research is is being conducted by archeologists, linguists, and scholars, as they are striving to compile and pull together this remarkable history. These discoveries lave led to exciting and considerable strides in the fields of archeology, theology, linguistics, and the development of etymology as we understand them today. The Brazen Serpent and Faith in Christ In the Old Testament, the Israelites were plagued by venomous serpents as a consequence of their disobedience. God instructed Moses to create a serpent of brass and lift it on a pole so that anyone bitten could look at it and be healed (Numbers 21:6-9). Alma references this story to teach that just as the Israelites were physically healed by looking at the brazen serpent, we can be spiritually healed by looking to Christ with faith (Alma 33:19-22). Deeper Symbolism of Nun and Nachash The Hebrew letter Nun  symbolizes a seed, growth, and continuity, often associated with faith and the life-giving power of God's word. The word נָחָשׁ (nachash) , meaning serpent, brings additional context and layers of symbolism. In the Genesis account, the serpent beguiled Eve to partake of the Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil, leading to the Fall of Adam and Eve, thereby introducing sin and death into the world (Genesis 3:1-7). Christ as the Anti-Venom By drawing on the symbolism of the serpent, Alma emphasizes that Jesus Christ represents the antidote to the effects of the Fall. Just as the brazen serpent provided a remedy for the Israelites, faith in Christ offers hope and salvation to all mankind. The cure from curse associated with the fruit from the tree of knowledge of good and evil is to partake of the fruit that comes from Jesus Christ and His Tree of Life. Alma teaches that through Christ's Atonement, we can be healed from the spiritual venom of sin and death. This profound symbolism underscores the necessity of looking to Christ for redemption and eternal life. Faith in Him offers hope and salvation to all who will look to Him and live. This powerful analogy reinforces the life-giving power of Christ's Atonement and the necessity of faith for eternal salvation. Teachings on the Atonement (Alma 34) Amulek's sermon in Alma 34 reinforces Alma's Testimony, as he focuses on the infinite and eternal nature of Christ's Atonement. He explains that the Atonement is essential for the plan of salvation and that through faith in Christ and His Atonement, individuals can obtain mercy and eternal life. This underscores the centrality of Jesus Christ in Nephite belief and practice. Principles Pertaining to Throne Theophany: The principles and themes taught by Alma and Amulek are verified by many other prophets throughout history. Their descriptions of the Tree of Life, their experiences approaching the Throne of God, their accounts of being surrounded by a concourse of heavenly angels in the attitude of singing praises to God are reflected throughout scripture, in the accounts of Lehi and Nephi's vision, in the Revelation of John, in the visions of Ezekiel and Isaiah, in the organization of the Tabernacle and Temples. We even see these types of descriptions reflected in writings of Joseph Smith. These symbols and themes are not new and they are not isolated. ( The Throne Theophany and Prophetic Commission in 1 Nephi A Form-Critical Analysis ) Putting it Together It is upon these fundamental principles that Alma continues to build. In Alma 36-38, all of these elements come together to create a whole or complete set of poetic verses that Alma drafts for his sons as he prepares to pass the torch on to them. Once again, These chapters likely stem from their festival observance and are probably part of their Passover Seder. Clear references to the retelling of the Exodus story, a key component of the Jewish Haggadah, are evident. In addition, Alma recounts his own Exodus story. We also observe a strong parallel to a tradition Passover custom that relates the Haggadah to the story of the Four Sons, with some slight variations. Alma applies the moral themes from this story to his three sons, presenting them as Nephite examples. The Story of the Four Sons: An Overview Introduction to the Tradition The story of the Four Sons is a central part of the Jewish Passover Seder, an annual observance commemorating the Israelites' exodus from Egypt. The origins of this tradition lie in the commandment to teach the story of the Exodus to one's children, as found in the Torah (Exodus 13:8, 14; Deuteronomy 6:20; and 21:20). This directive has been interpreted through the ages as encompassing a variety of educational approaches to address the diverse nature of children's understanding and questions. The Haggadah, the text recited during the Passover Seder, includes the story of the Four Sons to illustrate different attitudes and approaches to learning and understanding the story of the Exodus. The Four Sons are described as the Wise Son, the Wicked Son, the Simple Son, and the Son Who Does Not Know How to Ask. Each son represents a different way in which people might relate to the commandments and the story of the Exodus, providing a framework for teaching and discussion during the Seder. The Four Sons The Wise Son : This son asks detailed questions about the laws and commandments, seeking to understand their deeper meanings. The response given to the Wise Son involves explaining the intricacies of the laws of Passover and the broader principles of the Torah. The Simple Son : This son asks straightforward questions, seeking basic understanding. The response to the Simple Son is to explain the fundamental story of the Exodus in simple terms, providing a clear and direct explanation. The Wicked Son : This son questions the relevance of the commandments to himself, distancing himself from the community. The response to the Wicked Son emphasizes communal responsibility and the importance of all individuals participating in the observance of the commandments. The Son Who Does Not Know How to Ask : This son does not ask questions, possibly due to a lack of understanding or awareness. The response to this son involves initiating the discussion, explaining the story of the Exodus, and encouraging engagement and curiosity. Alma’s Counsel to His Sons in Alma 36-42 In Alma 36-42, Alma the Younger’s counsel to his sons Helaman, Shiblon, and Corianton mirrors the story of the Four Sons from the Haggadah. Alma’s counsel to his sons can be seen as an adaptation of these archetypes, offering tailored guidance that reflects the individual needs and spiritual journeys of each son, reflecting the diverse approaches to teaching seen in the Four Sons narrative. Some scholars, such as Brant Gardner, suggest that these names were probably used for teaching purposes, to drive the archetype adaptation home, as the names themselves reflect the associated connotations ( Gardner , 302.) Alma 36-37: Alma’s Counsel to Helaman Introduction and Summary In Alma 36, Alma recounts his own conversion story to his son Helaman, emphasizing the power of repentance and the importance of keeping the commandments. This chapter is an example of Alma as a wise father, imparting wisdom to his son. In Alma 37, Alma continues his counsel to Helaman, emphasizing the importance of the sacred records and the principles of faith and diligence. Parallels to the Wise Son The wise son in the Haggadah seeks to understand and keep the commandments. Alma’s counsel to Helaman reflects this wisdom by: Recounting Personal Experience : Alma shares his dramatic conversion story, highlighting the mercy of Jesus Christ and the joy of repentance (Alma 36:6-24). Emphasizing Commandments : Alma urges Helaman to keep the commandments of God and to trust in the Lord (Alma 36:1, 30). Testifying of Deliverance : He testifies of the deliverance from sin through Jesus Christ, paralleling the themes of deliverance celebrated in the Passover (Alma 36:27-28). Symbolic Form and Style of Message: Alma uses Symbolic Literary forms and themes to outline his message to Helaman. (Chiasmus) Importance of Records : Alma instructs Helaman to preserve the sacred records and to use them to teach the people (Alma 37:1-20). Power of the Scriptures : He explains how the scriptures can guide people to God and protect them from evil (Alma 37:8-9). Faith and Diligence : Alma emphasizes the need for faith and diligence, using the Liahona as an example of how small means can bring about great things (Alma 37:38-47). Alma 38: Alma’s Counsel to Shiblon (The Simple Son) Introduction and Summary Alma’s counsel to Shiblon reflects the attributes of the Simple Son. Shiblon is commended for his faithfulness and receives straightforward guidance on continuing his path of humility, diligence, and patience. Parallels to the Simple Son The simple son in the Haggadah asks straightforward questions and receives straightforward answers. Alma’s counsel to Shiblon reflects this simplicity: Commendation for Faithfulness : Alma praises Shiblon for his steadiness and faithfulness in keeping the commandments (Alma 38:2-4). Encouragement to Continue : He encourages Shiblon to continue in humility, diligence, and patience (Alma 38:10-12). Straightforward Guidance : Alma’s instructions to Shiblon are clear and direct, emphasizing basic principles of righteous living (Alma 38:1-5, 14). Alma 39-42: Counsel to Corianton (The Wicked Son) Alma’s counsel to Corianton reflects the attributes of the Wicked Son, who questions the relevance of the commandments and has strayed from the path of righteousness. Alma addresses Corianton’s transgressions and guides him back to repentance and redemption. Rebuking Sin : Alma sternly rebukes Corianton for his immoral behavior and neglect of his ministry (Alma 39:2-5). Teaching Repentance : Alma emphasizes the necessity of repentance and the grave consequences of sin (Alma 39:6-9). Explaining the Plan of Salvation : Alma provides detailed teachings on the resurrection, the justice and mercy of God, and the Atonement of Christ (Alma 40-42). Encouragement to Return : Alma encourages Corianton to repent sincerely and return to his duties, reassuring him of God’s mercy (Alma 42:29-31). The story of the Four Sons in the Jewish Haggadah is a powerful teaching tool that addresses the diverse ways in which individuals relate to the commandments and the story of the Exodus. Alma’s counsel to his sons in Alma 36-42 reflects this tradition, offering tailored guidance that addresses the unique spiritual needs and questions of each son. By drawing on the principles of the Four Sons, Alma provides a framework for understanding and applying the gospel in a way that is relevant to each individual’s journey. This reflection of ancient Jewish traditions within the Book of Mormon underscores the depth and authenticity of its teachings, connecting modern readers to a rich cultural and spiritual heritage. Literary Techniques in Alma’s Counsel to His Sons: Chiasmus and Symbolism In Alma’s counsel to his sons, particularly in Alma 36, he employs the literary technique of chiasmus. Chiasmus is a form of parallelism where elements are presented and then repeated in reverse order, creating a mirrored structure. This technique not only enhances the rhetorical impact of the message but also aligns with symbolic elements such as the Menorah, a seven-branched candelabrum that represents spiritual enlightenment and divine presence. Understanding Chiasmus Chiasmus is a sophisticated literary structure where the sequence of ideas is repeated in reverse order, often to highlight central themes and emphasize key messages. This technique is prevalent in ancient Hebrew literature and is used to draw attention to specific points within the text. Chiasmus in Alma 36 Alma 36 is a prime example of chiasmus. Alma's counsel to his son Helaman is structured in a way that the first half of the chapter mirrors the second half. This creates a central focal point around which the message revolves. Broader Structure of Alma 36: 1. Introduction: Keep the Commandments (Verses 1-5) - Alma's admonition. 2. Remember & Trust (Verses 2-3)  - Alma recounts experiences of bondage. 3. Alma's Conversion Experience (Verses 6-22) - Alma describes his rebellion and anguish, the angel’s visitation, and his subsequent conversion. 4. Central Focus: Jesus Christ and His Atonement (Verse 17-18) - Alma cries out to Jesus Christ for mercy, marking his pivotal moment of conversion. 5. Alma describes his Joy and Testimony (Verses 19-22) - Alma’s joy and deliverance after calling upon Christ. 6. Alma offers his Testimony and professes his Trust in the Lord (Verses 23-30)  - Alma describes his deliverance as he strives to deliver others. 7. Conclusion: Keep the Commandments (Verse 30) - Alma urges Helaman to remember his experiences, to trust in the Lord, and keep the commandments. The central verses (17-18), where Alma calls upon Jesus Christ, serve as the turning point of the chiasmus, emphasizing the transformative power of Christ’s Atonement. Chiasmus and the Menorah The Menorah, with its seven branches, is a powerful symbol in Judaism representing the light of God and spiritual enlightenment. The central branch of the Menorah corresponds to the pivotal element of a chiasmus. Just as the central light of the Menorah is the main source of illumination, the central theme in a chiasmic structure illuminates the entire message. Correlation with Alma 36: Branches of the Menorah: The three branches on either side of the central shaft of the Menorah symbolize the parallel elements of a chiasm, leading towards and reflecting from the central light. Central Shaft: The central theme of Christ's Atonement in Alma 36 acts as the central light, providing spiritual illumination and focus to the surrounding narrative. Application in Later Passages Alma continues to use chiasmic structures and parallelism in his counsel to his other sons, Shiblon and Corianton. This consistent use of chiasmus not only reinforces key teachings but also ties the different parts of his counsel together into a coherent whole. Alma’s Counsel to Shiblon (Alma 38): - The structure of Alma’s message to Shiblon is simpler but still reflects several parallelism, emphasizing themes of diligence, patience, and faith. Alma’s Counsel to Corianton (Alma 39-42): - These chapters also contain chiastic elements, particularly in Alma’s detailed explanation of the Plan of Salvation, justice, mercy, and the Resurrection. Integrating Themes: A Masterful Symbolic Sermon The topics discussed thus far—symbolism of the Hebrew alphabet, the significance of signs, the seed metaphor, the brazen serpent, and chiasmus—intertwine to create a masterful symbolic sermon in Alma’s teachings. Key Integrations: 1. Symbolism and Signs: Alma uses symbols such as the Aleph-Tav, the Menorah, and the seed to convey deep spiritual truths. These symbols connect his teachings to ancient Jewish traditions and reinforce the universal principles of faith, repentance, and divine order. 2. Chiasmus: The use of chiasmus in Alma’s counsel provides a structural elegance that mirrors the symmetry and order of divine creation. It emphasizes the central role of Christ and His Atonement in the Plan of Salvation. 3. Faith and Repentance: By drawing on symbols like the seed and the brazen serpent, Alma illustrates the process of spiritual growth and healing. These symbols highlight the necessity of faith in Christ for eternal life. 4. Divine Order: The consistent use of chiastic structures and symbolic references underscores the divine order and completeness inherent in God’s plan. Just as the Hebrew alphabet and the Menorah symbolize order and enlightenment, Alma’s teachings are designed to bring spiritual light and understanding to his sons. Conclusion Alma’s counsel to his sons is a rich tapestry of literary techniques and symbolic references that transcend the words themselves. By employing chiasmus and the language of symbolism, Alma not only enhances the rhetorical impact of his message but also aligns his teachings with the divine order represented by the Menorah. This integration of ancient Hebrew traditions with profound spiritual principles creates a masterful sermon that highlights the transformative power of Christ’s Atonement, the importance of faith and repentance, and the eternal plan of salvation. Hebraic Resources: https://pumpkinglow.com/images/pdffiles/2020.07.26_BoM-Alma36-38a.pdf https://www.chabad.org/holidays/passover/pesach_cdo/aid/1486118/jewish/The-Four-Children-Explained.htm https://journal.interpreterfoundation.org/rethinking-alma-36/ Additional Resources: Alma’s Prophetic Commissioning Type Scene Liahona: “Prepared of the Lord, a Compass” Oh, That I Were an Angel! Serpents of Fire and Brass: A Contextual Study of the Brazen Serpent Tradition in the Book of Mormon “By Small Means”: Rethinking the Liahona Gazelem the Jaredite To “See and Hear” Getting Cain and Gain Reflections of Urim : Hebrew Poetry Sheds Light on the Directors-Interpreters Mystery In His Footsteps: Ammon₁ and Ammon₂ Interpreting Interpreter: A Prepared Vessel Interpreting Interpreter: Ancient Fiery Serpents Interpreting Interpreter: Commissions and Conversions   Scripture Roundtable: Book of Mormon Gospel Doctrine Lesson 29, “Give Ear to My Words”   Scripture Roundtable: Book of Mormon Gospel Doctrine Lesson 20, “My Soul Is Pained No More” Overview Alma 36 Alma 36 is a deeply personal and reflective chapter where Alma the Younger recounts his dramatic conversion story to his son Helaman (Wise Son). This chapter is structured as a chiasmus, a literary form that uses parallelism to highlight central themes. Alma emphasizes the transformative power of Jesus Christ's Atonement, urging Helaman to remember and keep the commandments. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Chiasmus Structure : The mirrored structure of the chapter highlights the central theme of Christ’s Atonement. The Discovery of Chiasmus in the Book of Mormon Chiasmus in the Book of Mormon The MIRACULOUS Discovery of Chiasmus in the Book of Mormon! ’Arise from the Dust’: Insights from Dust-Related Themes in the Book of Mormon (Part 3: Dusting Off a Famous Chiasmus, Alma 36) Chiasmus in Alma 36 Chiasmus in the Book of Mormon What Can We Learn from 10 of the Best Chiasms in the Book of Mormon? Part 3 Transformative Power of Atonement : Alma’s conversion story underscores the profound impact of Christ’s Atonement on individual lives. Alma's Conversion: Reminiscences in His Sermons Compassion as the Heart of the Gospel Importance of Keeping the Commandments : Obedience to God’s commandments is repeatedly emphasized as the path to prosperity and deliverance. Personal Testimony : Alma’s personal experience serves as a powerful testimony of God’s mercy and the possibility of redemption. To ‘See and Hear A Masterpiece: Alma 36 Three Accounts of Alma's Conversion Shared Words in the Three Accounts of Alma's Conversion The Speeches of Alma Why Are there Multiple Accounts of Joseph Smith's and Alma's Visions? Alma's Conversion: Reminiscences in His Sermons Self-Examination and Repentance : Encourages readers to reflect on their own lives, seek repentance, and embrace the Atonement of Jesus Christ. Trust in God : Stresses the importance of trusting in God’s guidance and deliverance in all aspects of life. The Voice of an Angel Obedience and Prosperity : Reinforces the principle that obedience to God’s commandments brings spiritual and temporal blessings. Cultural Insights: ’Arise from the Dust’: Insights from Dust-Related Themes in the Book of Mormon (Part 1: Tracks from the Book of Moses ’Arise from the Dust’: Insights from Dust-Related Themes in the Book of Mormon (Part 2: Enthronement, Resurrection, and Other Ancient Motifs from the ‘Voice from the Dust’ Sojourn, Dwell, and Stay: Terms of Servitude The Exodus Pattern of the Book of Mormon Linguistic & Literary Observations: Labor Diligently to Write: The Ancient Making of a Modern Scripture, Chapters 14 & 15 Who Kept the Records in the Book of Mormon? (By Lineages) He Did Go About Secretly´´: Additional Thoughts on the Literary Use of Alma’s Name “Hebrew Literary Patterns in the Book of Mormon" The Literary Power of the Book of Mormon Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Alma 36 Alma the Younger Is Converted unto the Lord | Mosiah 27; Alma 36 Alma Testifies to His Son Helaman | Alma 36–37 Verses 1-5: Introduction and Exhortation Alma the Younger Is Converted unto the Lord | Mosiah 27; Alma 36 Chiasmus Overview The Passover Tradition 1: Introduction : Alma begins by addressing his son Helaman, urging him to keep the commandments and trust in God. 2: Commandments and Prosperity : He emphasizes that keeping the commandments leads to prosperity and deliverance from bondage. 3: Personal Testimony : Alma shares his own experience of being delivered by God. 4: Reminder of Ancestors : He recalls how their ancestors were delivered from bondage by their faith in God. 5: Importance of Trusting in God : Alma stresses that trusting in God is crucial for deliverance and prosperity. Were Nephite Prophets Familiar with the Passover Tradition? Verses 6-9: Alma's Rebellion and the Angelic Visitation Why Are there Multiple Accounts of Joseph Smith's and Alma's Visions? 6: Rebellion and Persecution : Alma recounts his rebellious actions and efforts to destroy the church. 7: Angel's Appearance : An angel appears to Alma and his companions, causing them to fall to the earth. 8: Message from the Angel : The angel rebukes Alma, reminding him of his father’s prayers and calling him to repentance. 9: Struck Down : Alma is struck down and experiences profound fear and guilt. God Has Delivered Me Verses 10-16: Alma's Suffering and Realization When We Repent, the Atonement Removes Bitter Pain and Brings Exquisite Joy - Oaks 10: State of Unconsciousness : Alma falls unconscious for three days and three nights. 11: Torment and Guilt : During this time, he experiences intense torment and guilt for his sins. 12: Remembrance of Sins : Alma recalls all his sins and iniquities, feeling the pains of hell. 13: Despair and Hopelessness : He feels utterly despairing, believing there is no redemption for him. 14: Memory of Teachings : Alma remembers the teachings of his father about Jesus Christ. 15: Desire for Deliverance : He yearns to be delivered from his torment and guilt. 16: Acknowledgment of Sin : Alma fully acknowledges his sins and the justice of God’s punishment. Racked with Eternal Torment - Packer Verses 17-19: The Turning Point – Cry for Mercy and Deliverance 17: Remembering Jesus Christ : In his anguish, Alma remembers Jesus Christ and His Atonement. 18: Cry for Mercy : Alma cries out for mercy, calling upon Jesus Christ to save him. 19: Immediate Deliverance : He is immediately delivered from his guilt and pain, experiencing indescribable joy and peace. Replace Suffering with Joy - Holland Verses 20-22: Joy and Vision of God Why Was Alma Converted? 20: Joy of Redemption : Alma describes the overwhelming joy he feels upon his redemption. 21: Contrast with Previous Pain : He contrasts this joy with the immense pain he previously felt. 22: Vision of God : Alma sees a vision of God sitting on His throne, surrounded by angels, and rejoicing in his redemption. Why Did Alma See God Surrounded by Angels? The Divine Council Verses 23-26: Testimony and Mission 23: Return to the Living : Alma regains consciousness and strength, immediately beginning to preach the gospel. 24: Dedication to God : He dedicates his life to bringing others to repentance and faith in Jesus Christ. 24: Deliverance from Bondage : Alma emphasizes that God has delivered him from spiritual bondage. 26: Prosperity through Obedience : He reiterates that keeping the commandments brings prosperity and blessings. 27: God’s Guidance and Deliverance : Alma testifies of God’s constant guidance and deliverance throughout his life. Verses 28-30: Conclusion and Exhortation What the Exodus Teaches Us about the Atonement ? 28: Call to Remember : Alma urges Helaman to remember his experiences and to trust in God. 29: Final Exhortation : He concludes by exhorting Helaman to keep the commandments and trust in the Lord for all his needs. 30: Promise of Prosperity : Alma promises that if Helaman keeps the commandments, he will prosper in the land. Overview Alma 37 In Alma 37, Alma continues his counsel to his son Helaman, emphasizing the importance of the sacred records, the power of the scriptures, and the principles of faith and diligence. This chapter also contains instances of chiasmus, reinforcing key messages and highlighting central themes. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: The Role of Faithful Parents and Their Powerful Influence as Examples and Teachers: The importance of parents taking an active role in teaching their children in wisdom, catering to each child's experience and level of understanding. More Diligent and Concerned at Home Gifts of the Spirit for Hard Times The Exquisite Gift of the Son A Disciple’s Journey Truly Good and without Guile The Value of Sacred Records : The importance of preserving and using sacred records to maintain the knowledge of God's dealings. Alma instructs Helaman to learn how to understand their power to guide and convert with wisdom. Power of Small Means : Emphasizes that small and simple means can bring about great spiritual results. Faith, Obedience, and Diligence : The necessity of faith and diligence in following God's guidance. How Can Sally Conrad’s Witness of the Book of Mormon Strengthen Our Faith? The Pride Cycle: Nephite Cycle of Righteousness: Mormon's Warning for Us Today Divine Guidance : The role of the Liahona as a symbol of God's guidance through faith and obedience. Historical Importance of Records : Discuss the significance of historical records in preserving cultural and religious heritage. The Simple Miracle That Helped the Whitmers Further the Book of Mormon Why Write It? Faith and Small Means : Reflect on personal experiences where small acts of faith have led to significant spiritual growth. Symbolism of the Liahona and the Urim & Thummim : Explore the symbolic meaning of the Liahona and its parallels to modern spiritual guidance. Consider how the small and simple letters of the alphabet might apply to these ancient instruments. The Liahona Triad Were Joseph Smith’s Translation Instruments Like the Israelite Urim and Thummim? Why Was a Stone Used as an Aid in Translating the Book of Mormon? Urim and Thummim Gazelem the Jaredite Teraphim and the Urim and Thummim Reflections of Urim: Hebrew Poetry Sheds Light on the Directors-Interpreters Mystery What Did the Interpreters (Urim and Thummim) Look Like? Why Were the Three Witnesses Shown the Liahona? The Design of the Liahona and the Purpose of the Second Spindle Liahona: ‘The Direction of the Lord’: An Etymological Explanation Faith and Obedience in Scripture : Examine other scriptural examples that emphasize the importance of faith and obedience in receiving divine guidance. Cultural Insights: Sword of Laban as a Symbol of Divine Authority Literary & Linguistic Observations: Is the Book of Mormon Like Any Other Nineteenth Century Book? Getting Cain and Gain The Type at the Border: An Inquiry into Book of Mormon Typology Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Alma 37 Verses 1-2: The Charge to Keep the Records The Blessing of Scripture 1:  Alma entrusts Helaman with the sacred records, including the brass plates and other Nephite records.  2: Alma emphasizes the importance of preserving these records to maintain the knowledge of God's dealings with His people. The Sacred Trust & Purpose Responsibility : Alma entrusts Helaman with the care of sacred records. Preservation : Emphasizes the importance of preserving the records to maintain spiritual heritage. Verses 3-5: The Importance of the Plates of Nephi Plates and Genealogies 3: Alma highlights the Plates of Nephi and their role in preserving history and teachings.  4: Alma asserts that keeping the records is a wise commandment necessary for spiritual well-being.  5: Alma promises that if the records are kept, the people will prosper in the land. Significance of the Records Plates of Nephi : Their role in preserving Nephite history and teachings. Commandment and Wisdom : Keeping the records is a divinely inspired commandment. Promise of Prosperity : Obedience in preserving the records leads to prosperity. Why Are Certain Biblical Psalms Used by Book of Mormon Authors? Verses 6-12: The Power of Small and Simple Things Alma 37:6 - "By (Very) Small and Simple Things: Paul Alan Cox" 6: Alma teaches that great things come to pass through small and simple means.  7: The preservation and study of the records, though simple, have profound spiritual consequences.  8: The scriptures are powerful in convincing people of their errors.  9: Alma emphasizes that the records have the power to convert and preserve the people.  10: He warns about the fate of the Jaredites due to their disobedience.  11: Alma urges Helaman to use the records to teach the people and warn them against sin.  12: Reaffirms that God's wisdom is greater than human understanding. Small and Simple Means Great Results : Small and simple means can lead to significant outcomes. Power of Scriptures : Scriptures have a profound impact on spiritual growth and repentance. Historical Lessons : Learning from the fate of the Jaredites. Teaching and Warning : Using the records to guide and warn the people. Alma 37:6 - "One Book from Provo to Pakistan: Sean Dixon" Why Is It Important to Keep Records? Verses 13-18: The Commandments and the Sacred Records 13: Alma gives strict commandments regarding the handling and protection of the records.  14: Reiterates that keeping the commandments will lead to prosperity.  15: Reminds Helaman of his covenant to keep the records safe.  16 : Alma underscores the power of the words in the records to bring people to the knowledge of God.  17: Stresses that the words of Christ will be fulfilled and that the records testify of Him.  18: Encourages Helaman to continually use the records to teach the people. Safeguarding the Records Strict Commandments : Importance of following divine instructions for handling the records. Covenant of Responsibility : Helaman's duty to protect the records. Power of the Word : The transformative power of the scriptures. Verses 19-31: The Liahona and the Principles of Faith and Diligence Why Was a Stone Used as an Aid in Translating the Book of Mormon? 19: Alma introduces the Liahona, a compass-like device given to Lehi's family.  20: Describes its physical appearance and miraculous guidance.  21: Explains that the Liahona only worked according to their faith and diligence.  22: Draws parallels between the Liahona and the word of God, emphasizing the need for faith, diligence, and heedfulness.  23: Chiasmus : "For it is as easy to give heed to the word of Christ, which will point to you a straight course to eternal bliss, as it was for our fathers to give heed to this compass, which would point unto them a straight course to the promised land."  24: Uses the example of the Liahona to warn against slothfulness and disobedience.  25: Illustrates the consequences of ignoring the Liahona with the hardships faced by Lehi’s family.  26: Urges Helaman to follow the example of faith and diligence.  27: Chiasmus : "And now, my son, see that ye take care of these sacred things, yea, see that ye look to God and live."  28: Testifies of God’s guidance through small means like the Liahona.  29: Reaffirms that the records guide the people spiritually as the Liahona guided them physically.  30: Encourages Helaman to heed the records and be diligent in their care.  31: Concludes with an emphasis on the principles of faith and diligence. The Liahona and Spiritual Guidance Liahona : A symbol of divine guidance through faith and diligence. Faith and Diligence : Essential for receiving divine direction. Spiritual and Physical Guidance : Parallels between the Liahona's guidance and the spiritual guidance of the scriptures. Symbolism of the Liahona Verses 32-35: Final Exhortations and Warnings 32: Alma urges Helaman to use the records to teach the people to remember their God.  33: Warns of the destruction that comes from forgetting God.  34: Calls the people to repentance and faithfulness.  35: Gives a final blessing to Helaman, urging him to trust in God and be faithful in his duties. Final Exhortations Teaching and Remembrance : Using the records to teach and remind the people of God. Warnings and Repentance : Importance of repentance and faithfulness to avoid destruction. Blessing and Trust : Final blessing and encouragement to trust in God. Learn in Thy Youth -Hinkley Overview Alma 38 Alma 38 is Alma the Younger’s counsel to his son Shiblon (Simple Son). In this chapter, Alma commends Shiblon for his faithfulness, encourages him to continue in humility and diligence, and provides guidance on how to endure trials and remain steadfast in the faith. The chapter highlights themes of endurance, humility, diligence, and the joy that comes from faithful discipleship. References and Cultural Contexts for Investigation, Contemplation, and Discussion: Endurance in Trials : The importance of enduring trials with patience and faith. Cultivating Humility and Meekness : The need for humility and meekness in all circumstances. Diligence and Faithfulness : Encouragement to remain diligent and faithful in all aspects of life. Being a Good Example : Inspires readers to set a positive example through diligence and temperance. Continual Prayer : Emphasizes the necessity of constant prayer for guidance and strength. Drawing on Personal Testimony : Highlights the power of sharing personal testimonies to inspire and uplift others. Avoiding Pride : Warnings against pride and the importance of humility. Self-Control and Temperance : Consider the importance of self-control and temperance in personal development and leadership. Bridle All Your Passions Cultural Insights: Did Alma Counsel His Sons During the Passover? Literary & Linguistic Observations: ’See That Ye Are Not Lifted Up’: The Name Zoram and Its Paronomastic Pejoration Light or Dark, Freedom or Bondage: Enhancing Book of Mormon Themes through Contrasts Major Topics/ Themes ​Cross-References, Videos & Resources Alma 38 Alma Commends His Son Shiblon | Alma 38 Verses 1-4: Commendation and Acknowledgment Introduction : Alma addresses his son Shiblon. Commendation : Alma commends Shiblon for his faithfulness and diligence. Acknowledgment of Suffering : Alma acknowledges the trials and suffering Shiblon has endured for the gospel’s sake. Blessing for Faithfulness : Alma blesses Shiblon for his steadfastness and assures him of God’s continued support. Recognition of Faithfulness Address to Shiblon : Alma speaks directly to Shiblon, acknowledging his efforts. Commendation : Recognizes Shiblon’s diligence and faithfulness in the gospel. Acknowledgment of Trials : Acknowledges the suffering Shiblon has endured. Blessing : Assures Shiblon of God’s blessings for his faithfulness. Verses 5-9: Encouragement and Counsel Did Alma Counsel His Sons During the Passover? 5: Trust in God : Alma encourages Shiblon to continue trusting in God and to endure to the end. 6: Patience and Long-suffering : Advises Shiblon to be patient and long-suffering in all things. 7: Counsel on Humility : Alma stresses the importance of humility and meekness. 8: Personal Testimony : Alma shares his own conversion experience to illustrate the joy and peace that come from repentance and faith in Christ. 9: Exhortation to Righteousness : Alma exhorts Shiblon to continue in righteousness and avoid pride. Guidance for Continued Faithfulness Trust and Endurance : Encourages Shiblon to trust in God and endure. Patience and Long-suffering : Advises patience in all circumstances. Humility : Stresses the importance of remaining humble. Personal Testimony : Shares Alma’s own experience to inspire Shiblon. Exhortation to Righteousness : Encourages Shiblon to continue in righteous living. Consistency in Alma’s Conversion Accounts Verses 10-12: Specific Instructions and Warnings 10: Bridle Passions : Alma advises Shiblon to bridle his passions and refrain from idleness. 11: Example to Others : Encourages Shiblon to be diligent and temperate, setting a good example for others. 12: Avoiding Pride : Warns against pride and advises Shiblon to remain humble and teachable. Instructions and Warnings Bridling Passions : Advises self-control and avoidance of idleness. Setting an Example : Encourages Shiblon to be a good example through diligence and temperance. Warning Against Pride : Stresses the importance of humility and avoiding pride. Verses 13-15: Final Exhortations and Blessings 13: Exhortation to Pray : Alma encourages Shiblon to pray continually for guidance and strength. 14: Blessing of Protection : Alma blesses Shiblon, assuring him of God’s protection. 15: Conclusion : Alma concludes his counsel with a final blessing and affirmation of his love and confidence in Shiblon. Final Exhortations and Blessings Continual Prayer : Encourages constant prayer for divine assistance. Blessing of Protection : Assures Shiblon of God’s protection and support. Conclusion : Concludes with a final blessing and expression of love and confidence. Church Videos & Resources Alma-Helaman Talks and References This Month in Come Follow Me Games, Stories, & Activities for Kids Scripture Central Study Guide Video Commentary Listed above in podcast section Know Whys Listed above in relation to section. Evidences Listed above in relation to section. Written Commentary John W. Welch Notes - Come Follow Me Book of Mormon Minute by Brant A Gardner Reading Plan Structure your personal scripture study by following a 15-minute, day-by-day plan. Each day's assignment includes the required scripture passages from the Come, Follow Me curriculum, as well as suggestions for additional resources to bring context and understanding to your study. For the best experience, use our  Reading Plan in the free ScripturePlus app ! You can track your progress and have access to the best resources. Monday Scripture: Alma 36:1-4 Commentary:  Alma’s Counsel and Commandments to His Sons Commentary:  Father’s Blessings Commentary:  Alma 36:3-4 Additional Study KnoWhy:  Were Nephite Prophets Familiar with the Passover Tradition? Commentary:  Chiasmus Overview Commentary:  Alma and His Sons Commentary:  A Possible Passover Setting for These Chapters Commentary:  Chiastic Structure in Alma’s Words Commentary:  Alma 36: Header Tuesday Scripture: Alma 36:5-19 Commentary:  Alma 36:11-13 Commentary:  Alma 36:17-20 KnoWhy:  Why Are there Multiple Accounts of Joseph Smith's and Alma's Visions? Additional Study Commentary:  Alma 36:5-10 Commentary:  Alma 36:14-16 Wednesday Scripture: Alma 36:20-30 Commentary:  Alma 36:21-24 KnoWhy:  Why Did Alma See God Surrounded by Angels? Additional Study KnoWhy:  Why Was Alma Converted? KnoWhy:  What the Exodus Teaches Us about the Atonement Evidence:  The Divine Council Commentary:  Alma’s Joy and His Quotation of Lehi Thursday Scripture: Alma 37:1-14 Video: Is the Book of Mormon a Modern Forgery? Additional Study Commentary:  The Value of Sacred Records Commentary:  Alma 37:6-7 KnoWhy:  Why Is It Important to Keep Records? Commentary:  Alma 37:1-5 Commentary:  Alma 37:8-10 Commentary:  Alma 37:11-15 Friday Scripture: Alma 37:15-25 Commentary:  Alma Encourages Helaman in His Responsibilities Commentary:  Alma 37:23-25 KnoWhy:  Why Was a Stone Used as an Aid in Translating the Book of Mormon? Saturday Scripture: Alma 37:26-47 Commentary:  Confessing the Follies of Our Youth Commentary:  Alma 37:32-34 Commentary:  Alma 37:35-37 Commentary:  Alma 37:43-47 Additional Study KnoWhy:  Why Are Certain Biblical Psalms Used by Book of Mormon Authors? Commentary:  The Lord Uses the Jaredite Record to Teach His Children Commentary:  Alma 37:26-29 Commentary:  Alma 37:30-31 Evidence:  Symbolism of the Liahona Sunday Scripture: Alma 38:1-15 Commentary:  Boldness, Not Overbearance Commentary:  Alma 38: Header Commentary:  Alma 38:10-15 KnoWhy:  Did Alma Counsel His Sons During the Passover? Additional Study Commentary:  What Does Alma Mean by “Sober?” Commentary:  Alma 38:1-2 Evidence:  Alma’s Conversion Maps & Charts The Nephite Judges Alma as High Priest: Years 9–19 of the Reign of the Judges Nephihah as Chief Judge: Years 9–24 of the Reign of the Judges Teachings of Korihor Missionary Work How Do You Say "Law" in Hebrew? Legal Cases and Procedures in the Book of Mormon Three Diverse Opponents of the Nephites A Comparison of Nephite Law Lists Nephite Cycles: Years 1–49 of the Reign of the Judges (90–40 B.C.) Metals in the Book of Mormon Whose Words Are Found in the Book of Mormon? Number of Pages in Books of the Book of Mormon Average Number of Pages Covering One Nephite Year Nephite Books Compared by Length and Years Covered Nephite Books Listed Chronologically Names Used for Christ by Major Book of Mormon Authors Names and Concepts Associated with Christ by Major Book of Mormon Authors Number of Names Used for Christ by Major Book of Mormon Authors Number of Names for Christ Used Exclusively by Individual Authors Ten Essential Features of Book of Mormon Geography Geographical Names Listed Alphabetically Geographical Names Listed by Scripture Reference Images Book of Mormon Videos Images, Alma 36–42 Alma the Younger Counseling His Son by Darrell Thomas Bibliography & Additional Resource Included in Outline Summaries above BYU’s RSC Seeds of Faith: A Follower’s View of Alma 32 Remembering Christ's Blood Which Was Shed Books The Book of Mormon Made Easier Set, With Included Chronological Map (Gospel Study) The Annotated Book of Mormon Beholding the Tree of Life: A Rabbinic Approach to the Book of Mormon Gathered in One: How the Book of Mormon Counters Anti-Semitism in the New Testament Feasts and Festivals of the Messiah (Preparing for and Worshipping in the Latter-day Saint Temple: Understanding Symbolism, Promises, Learnings & Covenants) Passover Seder Script Days of Awe: Jewish Holy Days, Symbols and Prophecies for Latter-day Saints